Specifics of ITS

It is worth noting that if it is planned to fully create a functioning national ITS network by 2030, then the technological and organizational components of the system will be designed and implemented until 2024.

ITS Technical Party

Ivan Mordanov, deputy director for the to construction operation and development of ITS Schwabe "-" (Moscow holding "Schwabe" of the State Corporation), Rostec noted in an interview with the magazine "Intelligent Transport Systems" that Russia the goals of creating ITS can be described more easily: improving road safety and reducing traffic congestion (traffic jams), thereby increasing not only comfort, but also improving economic the situation in the region. Thus, according to the expert, there are three key indicators of ITS:

• reduction of the number of accidents;
• Reduction of traffic congestion;

Social survey of the level of satisfaction of residents (population).

ITS has many definitions, notes Nikolai Klepikov, head of the product development department, director of the company's ITS product Systematization"" (included GKS in).

I consider ITS as a digital tool for integrating all disjointed elements of road infrastructure management in order to manage the mobility and demand of each passenger or cargo, "says Nikolai Klepikov. - This approach forms the possibility of using ITS not just as a traffic light control system, bus position control or cleaning equipment, but as a source of effective service to reduce accidents, reduce travel time, increase comfort.

Main types of intelligent transport systems, as estimated by PWC

Source: PwC, 2019

ITS contains a very wide pool of systems, emphasizes Igor Kravchenko, Deputy Director for Innovative Markets at Reksoft: photo-video recording systems, automated traffic control systems (ASUDD), weight and size control systems, toll road toll points, systems showing parking availability.

The main purpose of all ITS is to ensure road safety and optimize traffic flows, "summarizes Igor Kravchenko.

The issue of ITS security, according to Alexander Semkin, chairman of the GLONASS cluster council, also includes threats to influence highly automated vehicles and smart systems, which requires a deep study of risks, vulnerability assessment, up to the level of program code.

Unmanned transport, new modes of transport and V2X interaction systems (car - infrastructure, car - car, etc.), adaptation of a network of traffic lights to change driver behavior patterns, for example, during the Olympic Games. With events of this level, the transport network is experiencing a serious test for strength by changing the behavior of drivers and increasing the number of cars in the city, "says Vyacheslav Lukin. - One of the aspects of ITS is precisely to solve such problems. - distribute drivers along routes in such a way as to reduce the total time and load on road sections or to ensure the maximum priority of travel to public transport. So far, implementations of such solutions are either absent or isolated as part of pilot testing.

Integral essence of ITS

The most important feature of ITS is that, along with the technical component, the intelligent transport system includes a significant social aspect. This is stated by Igor Evstigneev, head of the department for the introduction of digital technologies of FAU ROSDORNII in the journal Intelligent Transport Systems of Russia:

The goal of modern ITS in urban agglomeration is to form a kind of ecosystem of transport, logistics and information services based on advanced digital technologies and platform solutions that ensure a harmonious balance between the functioning of personal and public transport, which allows ensuring the safety of the transport environment and improving the quality of life of citizens.

Moreover, the two directions of ITS do not exist separately, but complement each other.

That is why, according to Igor Evstigneev, the main task today is to determine the path of the most effective investment of financial resources, which will give the greatest result on the invested ruble:

World experience shows that this is the improvement of DBPs and the creation of ITS. For the cost of one artificial structure (one interchange at the UDS), you can create an ITS of an entire urban area.

And this implies special care in the issue of competent planning of ITS.

Critical aspects of ITS

The integral essence of ITS determines a number of specific features of such projects that directly affect their effectiveness. On the one hand, experts say that ITS is one of the most effective areas for stabilizing and improving the transport situation in cities: the payback period of such projects does not exceed 2-3 years, and the cost of creating is significantly lower than the cost of developing transport infrastructure. On the other hand, such results cannot be achieved without a carefully designed programme of activities for the creation of ITS city or region, which is created and implemented in conjunction with the territorial, planning and functional development of the city/region.

And on the third hand, it is extremely difficult to assess the current level of development of ITS as a whole in Russia.

There are a huge number of ITS systems responsible for different segments of the transport industry, "said Vladimir Kayurov, senior project manager of the group of companies. - ICL For evaluation, you can use different criteria - data obtained as a result of collecting statistical information data on transport flows, surveys of people about the convenience of using transport infrastructure, analysis of accident data.

Источник: Развитие транспортной инфраструктуры St. Petersburg. Challenges and prospects. Presentation. Vice-Rector of St. Petersburg GASU A.I. Solodky. 2007

So, it is the state that today actively stimulates the development of ITS in the regions.

Alexander Semkin adds that without the participation of the state it is impossible to solve the problem of creating advanced electronic equipment on the elementary basis of domestic production.

An important aspect of the present moment is the uneven development of ITS in various regions of the country.

Today, in different regions of Russia, the development of ITS takes place in different ways and at different levels, and the leaders are large cities in which the problems in the field of transport are most felt, "says Vladimir Kayurov.

At the same time, the cities of Russia (with the exception of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sochi and Kazan) are significantly behind most similar cities in Europe and the USA in the level of development of ITS management centers, Igor Evstigneev notes. That is why, Vladimir Kayurov adds, the incentive for moving to the next stages of development so far is the use of experience in the development of ITS systems in other countries.

A significant event in this regard was the launch of the project for the implementation of ITS in urban agglomerations throughout the country as part of the BCD project in 2020. It was a breakthrough for the entire industry, said Alexander Semkin:

If just a couple of years ago, most regions had no chance to reach the level of our megacities in terms of effective traffic management, then with its beginning it became possible to use the best technological solutions to create ITS in the region.

The competition of Rosavtodor for the creation of ITS in agglomerations, which allowed the regions to receive funding, lays the foundation for combining all the created regional ITS into a single national network. In terms of software solutions, systems of data analysis and modeling, systems of support of management decisions, systems of automation of transport processes in cities receive the greatest incentive.

By order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 169-r dated February 3, 2022, 7.35 billion rubles will be allocated for the implementation of ITS implementation measures this year.

However, the fact of receiving budget funding is not a guarantee of the success of the project. For example, in 2020, 22 pilot regions transferred about 3 billion rubles. for the development of "smart roads" in urban agglomerations with a population of over 300 thousand people. However, part of the agglomerations that received state support could not meet the deadlines for the preparation of competitive documentation and conduct competitive procedures until the end of 2020. A number of regions, in particular, Rostov, Saratov, Samara, Ivanovo regions, Stavropol Territory, Buryatia had to abandon part of the transfers from the federal budget. As a result, the unallocated balance of inter-budget transfers in the amount of 494 million rubles. was sent to the reserve fund of the Government of Russia.

At the end of September 2021, at a meeting of the working group of the Federal Road Agency for the implementation of ITS on the road network of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which took place in Kazan, it was noted that as of the end of the III square meters. contracts were concluded only 60% of the allocated federal support of about 4 billion rubles. for 25 subjects.

Thus, according to industry experts, today the task is not just to create ITS in various territories of the country, but also to increase the effectiveness of ITS subsystems, to accelerate their development processes, including by forming a unified policy, concept and strategy for ITS development at the state level. Only a single coordinated approach will ensure that all subjects of the Federation develop transport systems in a coordinated manner and are functionally compatible with each other.

How does this happen on different branches and levels of intelligent transport systems?

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