Advanced telematic solutions and smart cargo delivery
Article included in the review TAdviser Intelligent transport system of Russia
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The idea to equip transport equipment satellite navigation arose back in 2008, he said in an interview, CNews Ilya Axelrod Deputy General Director for Business Development of JSC "," in GLONASS July 2019 and noted, that about half of all to the country buses and about a quarter of trucks are already equipped with trackers, and the emergency braking system at "" ROAD ACCIDENT ERA GLONASS became the main tool for controlling vehicles for transporting fans in the framework of the 2018 World Cup. Then trackers with - SIM chip were installed on all the Russian buses carrying fans in order to be aware of what is happening to them, because transport was part of the package of services provided to fans. In total, 17 thousand buses were equipped, which made 337 thousand flights and transported more than 10 million passengers.
As of mid-March 2022, Rostransnadzor receives information about the movement of more than 47 thousand vehicles that provide the transportation of passengers and dangerous goods. GLONASS JSC notes: testing information interaction with various regional systems showed that the delay in relaying data between the vehicle, ERA-GLONASS and the regional system does not exceed three seconds. Today, navigation data on vehicles are relayed to 34 regional navigation information systems. The list of satellite navigation equipment (ASN) supported by ERA-GLONASS exceeds 300 models, it is possible to receive and process navigation information not only according to the EGTS protocol, but also according to more than 100 protocols of various ASN manufacturers.
According to Igor Chursin, Deputy General Director of GLONASS JSC, over 6 years of the successful operation of the ERA-GLONASS emergency response system, more than 18.4 million calls were received, more than 8.5 million vehicles were registered in it. Moreover, about 75% of true calls come in automatic mode, when as a result of a strong accident, the victim may not be able to press the SOS button on his own.
Alexander Semkin, Chairman of the GLONASS Cluster Council, says that the Navigator group of companies, by agreement with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, is developing a line of unique, suitable for any vehicle navigation terminals Horizon-A, where the single device combines the functions of satellite navigation equipment (ASN), technical control equipment (TSK) and emergency operating services call device (ONAEGOS ES) for ecosystem). At the same time, all information is transmitted not only through the GSM channel, but also through the Iridium, Gonets, Kospas-Sarsat satellite systems.
 | This ensures the guaranteed delivery of an assistance signal from anywhere in the world, which means that transport can be monitored in the absence of normal communication, "emphasizes Alexander Semkin. - The combined device allows the driver to always be in the access zone and in the event of an accident, breakdown, deterioration of health or critical weather conditions to get in touch with rescue services. This is the only solution of this kind in Russia. |  |
Horizon-A navigation terminal supports GSM and satellite communications
Currently, a similar terminal for water transport is being developed, which will be an analogue of the ERA-GLONASS rescue button. Water transport is also interesting for the use of artificial intelligence technologies, the specialist notes, for example, in terms of the use of unmanned driving technologies for small vessels.
Trackers also help monitor the transport of dangerous goods. In December 2020, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2216 was adopted with new rules for equipping vehicles of categories M2, M3, N trucks, buses and minibuses with satellite navigation equipment) used for transporting passengers and dangerous goods. In the near future, an emergency call system based on 2G and 3G networks will give way to a system based on data networks and will become a universal environment for interaction with any car. In other words, ADAS driver assistance systems (Advanced driver-assistance systems) will be integrated with eCall emergency warning systems, which means that it will be possible not only to respond to accidents, but also to prevent them, say GLONASS JSC.
In general, according to Ilya Axelrod, today there is an obvious tendency to move from solutions of unidirectional monitoring (or control over the location and current parameters of vehicles) to solutions that ensure the interaction of road users with each other, with road infrastructure, with various local and federal services, for example, rescue services, services operating road infrastructure. This interaction, involving the use of artificial intelligence, wireless communications and the Internet of Things, is mostly inter-machine and is carried out automatically without human participation. In order to technologically support services based on the Internet of Things Ministry of Transport RUSSIAN FEDERATION , he developed a road map for covering the territory countries with networks, LPWAN calculated until 2024.
Electronic sealing of goods
In freight transportation through the Russian Federation, the use of electronic seals operating on the basis of GLONASS satellite navigation technology is expanding.
Electronic navigation seal (ENP) is a reusable identification tool based on GLONASS technology. It ensures the control of the integrity of transportation in the territory of the Russian Federation online: the closure of the cargo compartment is recorded with the registration of the date/time of closure and opening, the location of the sealed cargo compartment, as well as all events that occurred with the seal and the corresponding state of the ENP are recorded.
In an emergency situation, the seal instantly reports an incident: violation of the integrity of the ENP housing, breaking the shutoff pin or cutting the cable, loss of communication with the ENP, they say in the Center for the Development of Digital Platforms (CRTD), which is the only Russian sealing operator certified by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation in accordance with order of the Ministry of Transport No. 13 from 14.01.2020.
Electronic seal ensures traceability of cargo transportation due to:
- monitoring of the location and speed of the vehicle;
- monitoring of vehicle stops;
- detection of deviations on the route due to analysis of tracks of each transport.
The ENP functionality allows you to optimize delivery routes, as well as maintain trusted access to monitoring transportation to third parties when transferring control and safety functions to contracting organizations.
The CRTC and the Directorate of International Transport Corridors (DMTC) in October 2021 agreed on joint development of digital logistics solutions within the framework of cross-border routes. Thus, as part of the development of a unified transit system of the Eurasian Economic Union, a system for tracking goods using electronic navigation seals of the Central Development Center is being created. And at the end of November, partners approved a roadmap for the implementation of a service for tracking traffic using electronic navigation seals on international transport corridors. The pilot project is to be implemented together with the EU countries, the partner of the project from the EU will be Vediafi Oy, a Finnish provider of digital logistics services. An electronic navigation seal will be installed on a vehicle with unauthorized cargo in Finland and removed at the Torfyanovka customs checkpoint.
According to Sergey Kiselev, technical director of the Central Research Center, the use of electronic sealing in the country of shipment will significantly speed up customs procedures, which will give new advantages to land routes through the territory of Russia compared to traditional delivery routes through the Suez Canal: the difference in cost and timing can reach 30%.
| | In the future, the use of digital tools, including electronic seals, will allow for the non-stop transportation of goods through checkpoints, "said Alexei Petrov, General Director of ANO DMTK. | |
In March last year, the Rosselkhoznadzor joined the tracing system for the movement of CRTC goods - the agency monitors the transit of sanctioned animal and plant products through Russia.
Cold Chain Implementation
The loss of perishable goods due to temperature violations during transportation is a global problem that goes into the issues of food security of the world. According to Boston Consulting Group estimates in a special study on this topic, 1.6 billion tons of food worth about $1.2 trillion were lost or lost annually in 2015, that is, a third of the total food produced in the world. And by 2030, annual losses of food and waste will reach 2.1 billion tons in the amount of $1.5 trillion. Among the five main causes of the problem are inadequate supply chain infrastructure. But by modernizing all these areas based on current advanced technologies and processes, financial losses can be turned into profits, and the main tools for change are updating the supply chain infrastructure (for example, through the implementation of the cold chain in the transportation of food products that require special transportation conditions) and improving the efficiency of logistics processes.
One of the largest global projects of this kind was implemented at Maersk: in 2017, it equipped all its 270 thousand refrigerated containers with a Remote Container Management (RCM) system, which allows you to continuously register and monitor the location of the container, temperature, humidity and state of power supply.
In June 2020, a Russian pilot project for the organization of end-to-end control of the "cold chain" was launched. GLONASS JSC, Rosselkhoznadzor and railway operators began testing a system that collects temperature data during the transportation of perishable products and transmits them to the veterinary control system (FGIS VETIS). So, as part of the experiment, the cargo in a refrigerated container equipped with thermal sensors, electronic seals and other equipment and connected to the ERA ASM system based on the ERA-GLONASS GAIS, which provides interaction with the VETIS FGIS, was sent by road from Altai Territory to Novosibirsk, and then by rail to Khabarovsk.
Pilot participants estimated the savings of carriers on accelerating bureaucratic procedures at a scale of 100 million rubles. per year. If traditionally, after transporting perishable products, retailers write off up to 25% of the volume of products, then when using the "cold chain," the percentage of substandard goods will be close to zero, "say GLONASS JSC. And the Rosselkhoznadzor adds that the integration of ERA-GLONASS and the FGIS Mercury (a component of the FGIS VeTIS) will allow us to escape from total physical verification to a risk-oriented approach when conducting control and supervisory measures.
The relevance of cold chain solutions increased even more during the coronavirus pandemic: the vaccine must not only be quickly delivered to the consumer, but also strictly observe the conditions of storage and transportation at all stages of transportation.
POZIS, Rostec's company, is the first domestic manufacturer of medical equipment that has mastered the production of specialized cold chain equipment. Today, POZIS produces refrigerators with a different temperature range: from positive values (from + 2 to + 15 ° C) to low-temperature freezers (with a temperature of - 86 ° C). Specialized refrigeration equipment manufactured by POZIS actively uses the Natsimbio pharmaceutical holding, which is also part of Rostec: last year alone, it delivered about 118 million doses of covid vaccines to the regions.
Smart shipping container
The international logistics company Far East Land Bridge (FELB) notes that today in most traditional logistics companies there is a large amount of manual process processing, and insufficient transparency of transport operations is an obstacle to the integration of logistics processes and further improving the quality of customer service.
One of the options for automating logistics processes is the use of new models of lightweight intermodal smart containers. As Liliana Krutonog, FELB CEO, and Dmitry Savitsky, manager of the FELB equipment department, note in their article in the journal Intelligent Transport Systems of Russia, the smart container of this company is implemented on the principles of platform:
| | It is designed for a system of comprehensive integrated cargo delivery solutions, which can also be applied to multiple logistics units and allows you to continue to monitor goods using the digital platform analytics tool, as well as monitor supply chains in real time. | |
| | If individual programs and services allow you to improve a certain business process, then the platform is able to solve several problems at once: integrate the business processes of chain participants, connect manufacturers with consumers; Manage inventory and provide a range of other services. | |
A digital platform is also needed for the technical implementation of barrier-free transit of goods in international communications, where electronic document management and electronic seals are elements, as well as the use of the Internet of Things.
The FELB concept involves placing goods in standardized smart containers equipped with sensors, creating single hubs and traffic routes with absolute transparency of all processes and data analysis at each stage. In line with this idea, a digital product passport is created for each unit of goods, in which technical characteristics, operations, service work, and movement histories are recorded. At the same time, a label is attached to each unit of goods, where a unique identifier tied to a digital passport is recorded. As a result, each employee who has access can quickly obtain the necessary data for the selected accounting object.
At the same time, all devices of the smart container have the opportunity to interact through bluetooth and exchange data, and the use of the blockchain to form accompanying documents allows us to abandon the large amount of paper work inherent in the traditional design of cargo transportation: each logistics unit (container, parcel, etc.) is mirrored in the block chain as a virtual chip, to which you can attach all the necessary documents and make them available to a specific circle of persons.
Filament, which specializes in Internet of Things solutions, is also working in this direction. Recently, she introduced a special device to the market - the Blocklet chip, which allows you to transfer data from any sensor directly to the blockchain system. The chip is attached to the cargo container and informs the consignor and all parties to the transaction of their location, temperature, humidity, any other conditions of interest to the customer. The developers believe that in the future this chip will be able to perform many other functions, for example, pay customs duties.
Smart Container Design
PEOPLE, which developed, certified and patented the described model of the Container 2.0 smart container for FELB, received a Lloyds Register certificate allowing the use of the smart container in cross-border multimodal operations.
The use of smart containers and connected sensors and sensors that monitor the state of the vehicle and the state of the load in real time - today, FELB experts say:
| | Additive technologies, the Internet of Things, smart containers and other digital platforms will evolve to provide complete information about the risks and threats of transportation, which in turn will enable us to plan and carry out transportation more efficiently, allowing us to receive all information about the cargo: weight, origin, delivery route and physical condition - in a matter of seconds. | |
Telematics to Save on GSM
Specialized telematic solutions for accounting for the receipt and consumption of gasoline or diesel are a long-standing point of application of the forces of specialized developers. MONTRANS explains the essence of the problems with creating such IT solutions: fuel transfer and release processes are not transparent, accounting is not centralized, and for each object separately, payment for refills can be made both on fuel cards and for cash, a large number of paper documents come from various departments with a large shift in time.
Real fuel situation - heavy losses at each stage
The MONTRANS Fuel Balance solution includes a fuel level sensor and a fuel metering controller, which indicates who the recipient is, how much fuel is ordered, how much fuel passed through the refueling gun, the date, time and geographical coordinates of the refueling place. These sensors are connected to the electronic driver's card, and all monitoring data of the DUT and CUT are synchronized and integrated into the ERP-system 1C in online mode with the generation of reports in electronic form. MONTRANS claims that GSM savings in auto enterprises after the introduction of the "fuel balance" reaches 30%, and the acquisition of the system pays off within 2-3 months.
Telematic Solutions: Strength in Integration
From September 1, 2022, it is planned to begin the transition to online tachographs in Russia: they are able to transmit in real time directly during the movement of the vehicle to the Tachographic Control automated information system information about the driver's violation of the work and rest regime, as well as about exceeding the permissible speed limit. According to experts of the TRANS.RU freight exchange, among the transmitted information is a recorded excess of the speed limit or violation of the driver's work and rest regime, as well as the fact of activating the SKZI unit, its extraction or installation and an attempt to change the identification data of the vehicle. Experts explain that unlike ordinary devices of this class, owners of vehicles will be allowed to independently change the SKZI unit of the online tachograph and correct identification data, this can be done, for example, using an enterprise map.
What is happening means that the people-inspectors who record speeding or violation of the working and rest regime of drivers are replaced by an automated system that can record incidents in real time, both related to the vehicle itself or its cargo, and the driver driving this vehicle.
For example, the "Safe Driving" module, which is part of Montrans.Online Integrated Transport Software of MONTRANS, provides analysis of vehicle data to ensure safe driving and, based on the results obtained, monitors and analyzes the driver's driving manner, promptly notifies of violations and generates a driver rating. At the same time, the flexible setting system Montrans.Online allows you to take into account the features of a particular fleet.
MONTRANS Safe Driving Information System
Another base point for integrating vehicle status information is video surveillance data. For example, the MONTRANS video monitoring solution allows you to monitor the condition of the car, driver and cargo, the route and time of operation of the transport, moreover, it controls objects 24 hours a day, anywhere in the world, from any device with Internet access. This approach not only frees the dispatcher from the need to constantly view all cameras, but also ensures that files are stored in the cloud service, and these files can be used as an evidence base in resolving disputes.
Fleet Management - Comprehensive Data Analytics from Vehicle Sensors
By integrating data captured from multiple sensors located on the vehicle, it is possible to automate and digitize the main fleet management processes, which helps management to control the operation of the enterprise.
For example, the transport analytics service Montrans Analytics collects all telemetry data, for fleet, drivers, track sheets, logistics, fuel consumption, maintenance and repairs, integrates them into one accounting system, which allows you to obtain analytical graphs and dashboards for various parameters, including the location of vehicles, accounting for hours, mileage, fuel consumption (average flow rate, drains, filling), analysis of mechanisms operation, control of vehicle idle time, visits to arbitrary geozone, as well as control of driver's train (filling of driver's cards).
The current trend is a cloud-based, end-to-end solution that reduces fleet costs by reducing transportation logistics costs, optimizing planning, accounting, and FOT processes based on a detailed analysis of transport usage.
Vehicle Efficiency Visualization
| | It will be several years, and digital technologies will transform the transport industry. The number of accidents will decrease, public transport will cease to be late, and cargo will be delivered faster - and all this is almost without the participation of a person, "says Sergey Khramagin, a member of the board of directors of GTLK. | |
In 2020, GTLK, together with RVC, began to create an accelerator of technological startups in the transport industry. With the help of new solutions, it is planned to develop new technologies for passenger and freight transport. In particular, telematic systems that will establish "communication" between the vehicle and the driver so that the car itself can call emergency services in the event of an accident or report an attempt to hijack and the current location of the vehicle.
Telematic solutions as a secure option IoT
In March 2022, it became known about the development of a line of protected crypto processors for IoT solutions, led by engineers of the Automatics concern (as part of Rostec) together with specialists from MTUSI and Cascade.
A crypto processor is a separate system on a chip that converts data in such a way that they can be decrypted only on the source computer, under the control of the same software that was originally used. This ensures the maximum level of security and the impossibility of unauthorized access to information from outside. The presence of a crypto processor, the developers explain, eliminates the need for additional use of physical system security, since built-in cryptographic protection blocks attackers from accessing IoT networks, protects critical data from interception and eliminates unauthorized impact on technological processes.
Crypto processors, in particular, can be used in sensors for controlling engines of cars or aircraft, to create critical infrastructure equipment.
As part of a team of partners, Cascade develops topology of crypto processors, tests products and carries out final configuration. Employees of MTUSI are developing software and ensuring the integration of crypto algorithms. Concern "Automatics" is engaged in certification of a family of crypto processors, conducts case studies, promotes and sells products.
Unmanned cargo transportation
In the fall of 2021, testing of unmanned vehicles began in certain regions of Russia. At the same time, a regulatory framework is being developed for an experiment on unmanned cargo transportation within the framework of the so-called "regulatory sandboxes." The largest Russian companies participate in the work: Sber, Yandex, KamAZ, GAZ Group. It is planned that the first drones will appear on the roads by 2024.
As for UAVs, so far they can be used only when delivering goods up to 3 kg at a distance of 10-15 km in the urban environment and 3-6 kg at a distance of 30-100 km in hard-to-reach areas. The regulatory framework for the experiment on the transportation of goods up to 500 kg is only being worked out within the framework of "regulatory sandboxes."
Comparison of delivery of parcels by car and copter
| | Obviously, today there is a need for a number of technical, technological, procedural and regulatory decisions that can make airspace equally accessible to everyone, "commented Andrei Yablokov, head of the working group" Use of Drones in the Arctic "at the Association" Digital Transport and Logistics, "representative of the Russian Federation in ICAO, expert RTCA and EUROCAE, magazine" Intelligent Transport Systems Russia. " | |
The first in Russia digital platform for integrating drones into airspace UTM-system (Unmanned aircraft system traffic management) "Nebosvod," developed by Aeroscript. The relevance of such a system is obvious: the increasing use of unmanned civil aviation systems makes it necessary to make their movement safe at any point and at any time.
| | One of the main directions of the government's approved strategy for the digital transformation of the transport industry is to accelerate the mass commercial use of all types of unmanned vehicles, "said Kirill Bogdanov, Deputy Minister of Transport, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Digital Transport and Logistics Association (CTL). | |
In his opinion, the first step towards this is the development of digital and organizational and technical solutions proposed by Russian developers in the new legal format of "regulatory sandboxes," as well as in territories where the risks of introducing new technologies are lower.
Currently, the pilot project "Nebosvod North-West" has been implemented, which solves the task of integrating unmanned aircraft into the airspace of the Russian Federation in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region.
Today, the deadline for considering the application for permission for the flight of the BVS over St. Petersburg is 30 days, and submitting a submission for the local mode and flight plan takes several more days. This creates significant barriers to the development of modern types of business, Aeroscript says: as part of the pilot project, it is planned to simplify this process as much as possible and reduce its duration using digital services, making the sky more accessible in space and time. The functionality of digital services also implies the pilot's awareness of the no-fly zones and situational awareness of external pilots, which will maintain an adequate level of flight safety.
To this end, the country's first digital air traffic surveillance system has been installed at the St. Petersburg airport and the largest surveillance field in the world has been deployed - about 1 million square meters. km Testing of the electronic identification service is carried out using the infrastructure of cellular operators and the small-sized AST-401 transponder, located on an unmanned aircraft. During the pilot project, tactical deconfliction is being investigated - air collision prevention (DAA) service is being tested and the proper level of flight safety is being maintained.
In September 2021, the test zone of the digital platform for organizing drone flights was deployed on Sakhalin as part of the Nebosvod-Sakhalin pilot project. During the project, it is planned to test the digital identification of aircraft with the display of the location of the external pilot and the technology for preventing conflicts in the air. At the same time, relevant departments will be able to receive information about the flights of drones in real time.
| | Drones can be used to transport mail, track the filling of spawning grounds in rivers, control the ice situation, search for landfills, fires in forests and lost people, as well as check the condition of roads, oil and gas pipelines. | |
The creation of a test air zone for unmanned flights based on the Nebosvod digital platform also began on the territory of Skolkovo. The development of the urban aeromobility project (GAM) was introduced into the Skolkovo strategy until 2024. In line with this strategy, testing of urban aeromobility technologies and services is a step towards the safe use of unmanned aerial vehicles in real conditions of the urban environment.
Aeroscript believes that by 2035 the share of unmanned air transportation in the provision of postal services will be 50% in sparsely populated and inaccessible areas and 30% in low-rise areas. This forecast is based on the analysis of the Russian and global GAM market, which, according to Russian experts, will grow at a rapid pace in the coming years.
Global market for GAM services and infrastructure, billion dollars
| 2020 | 2023 | 2026 | 2029 | 2032 | 2035 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Всего | 15,1 | 28,5 | 55,8 | 105,1 | 122, | 144,8 |
| В том числе услуги | 31,5 | 65,4 | 79,9 | 98,6 | ||
| В том числе инфраструктура | 24,3 | 39,7 | 42,9 | 46,2 |
Volume of GAM services and infrastructure market in Russia, billion dollars
| 2020 | 2023 | 2026 | 2029 | 2032 | 2035 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Всего | 0,3 | 0,6 | 1,4 | 4,0 | 4,8 | 5,8 |
| В том числе услуги | 0,6 | 1,5 | 1,6 | 1,8 | ||
| В том числе инфраструктура | 2,0% | 2,1% | 2,5% | 3,0% | 3,9% | 4,0% |
Volume of GAM services and infrastructure market in Moscow, billion dollars
| 2020 | 2023 | 2026 | 2029 | 2032 | 2035 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Всего | 0,2 | 0,5 | 1,1 | 3,1 | 3,7 | 4,5 |
| В том числе услуги | 0,6 | 1,9 | 2,4 | 3,1 | ||
| В том числе инфраструктура | 85,0% | 81,9% | 79,5% | 77,2% | 76,6% | 75,5% |
Source: TP "Air Mobility," July, 2021
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- Safe and high-quality roads: from photo and video recording of accidents - to integrated intelligent road management
- Road Traffic Management Best Practices
- Public transport management
- Digital Logistics
- ITS infrastructure. Platform and service approach
- Intelligent Transport System Services
- Establishment of a national ITS
- Digital road
- Promising development of ITS: unmanned transport
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