History
Main article: History of India
Geography
The Earth's surface is a coarse geoid rather than an ideal sphere, meaning there are places around the planet with lower or higher gravitational pull. The Indian Pacific Geoid Minimum (IGM) - an area of reduced gravity - extends over 3.1 million square kilometers and is located about 1,200 kilometers southwest of the southern coast of India.
Earthquakes
Population
Main article: Population of India
States
- Bengal
- Goa
- Jammu and Kashmir
- Karnataka
- Kerala
- Maharashtra
- Odisha
- Rajasthan
- Tamil Nadu
- Punjab
et al.
Cities
Parliament
2024: Modi-led BJP wins election for third time
The largest parliamentary elections in Indian history lasted from April 19 to June 1, 2024, and hundreds of millions of Indian citizens took part.
The favorite, like the last few elections, was the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), which won crushing victories in 2014 and 2019, and Narendra Modi has been at the head of state since that moment.
The BJP eventually won, but not as it would like. The party won only 240 seats out of 543 in parliament, and the required 273 for the independent formation of a majority was not enough 43 seats.
Together with coalition partners - the National Democratic Alliance - Modi's party crossed the 50% mark, thereby securing the opportunity to form a new government, and Modi himself is going for a third term.
The Indian National Congress (INC) - the BJP's main rival also won more seats compared to previous elections. 99 in 2024 against 44 and 52 seats in 2014 and 2019.
Why has the ruling party's position weakened?
In recent years, the actions of the Modi administration have raised more and more questions within India itself. The BJP is a party preaching Indian nationalism - Hindutva. It was on this that the party's election campaign was based in previous years.
And then in a controversial Indian society, where religious and ethnic problems still predominate, this gave serious support to the Bharatiya Janata Party, which allowed the 2014 and 2019 elections to be won by a margin.
But in fact, the party became a hostage to the situation they created. To please the interests of the nationalist stratum, the needs of the rest of India, which is a huge layer of various tribes and faiths, were completely forgotten.
The destruction of mosques and churches and the construction of Hindu temples in their place, the oppression of Muslims, the killing and rape of Christian minorities by nationalists, as well as rising inflation and unemployment, played a role that the BJP felt in the elections.
2023: Proportion of women in Parliament - 15.2%
Armed Forces
Main article: Indian Armed Forces
Economy
Main article: Economy of India
Telecommunications
Information technology industry
- India IT Market
- Export of computer equipment and IT services from India
- Software Market (India)
- IT in India's public sector
- Semiconductors (Indian market)
- Smartphones (Indian market)
- Computer and Video Games (Indian Market)
- Artificial intelligence in India
Censorship (control and anonymity) on the Internet
Main article: Question History
Automobile traffic
India is a left-handed country.
Domestic politics
Hindutva - Hindu supremacy ideology
For 2022, India's ruling Bharata Janata Party (BJP) has been pursuing Hindutva politics for years.
Hindutva is a movement preaching the superiority of Hindus over other ethnic groups in the country. It is not a religion, and should not be confused with Hinduism, despite the similarities in the name. This is rather the political ideology that defined the Indian nation.
The mass emergence of nationalist groups occurred in the early 1990s. It was then that the BJP party appeared, the main concept of which was the formation of "Hindu Rashtra" - the original Hindu state.
Then in 1992 there was a landmark event that determined the further course towards the formation of Hindu nationalism and the crisis of secularism policy - the neutrality of the state to all faiths and the absence of one official religion.
On December 6, 1992, an armed crowd of thousands of opponents of Islam went to the Babri Mosque, built back in the 16th century. Activists demanded that the building be demolished because the shrine was built during the reign of the first Mughal king Babur on the ruins of the former temple of the Hindu deity Ram.
Only in 2019, the Supreme Court of India issued a verdict in favor of representatives of Hinduism: they were allowed to build a temple on this site. And Muslims have been given five acres elsewhere in Ayodhi for a mosque.
The demolition of Babri was a triumph for Hindutva supporters in particular. First, the destruction of religious temples is constitutionally prohibited in India. This essentially served as a precedent for further resolving disputes in favor of Hindus.
Secondly, for Indian nationalists, this has become a symbol of the return of their lands, selected by Muslims by force. In their view, Islamic rulers destroyed "thousands" of Indian temples and replaced them with mosques.
Narendra Modi's party policy is built on strengthening Hindutva ideology at the state level. The entire program rests on the support of Indian nationalists. According to many media and public figures, more than a thousand mosques in various parts of the country have been destroyed throughout India, and the number of such incidents is growing.
On September 9, 2023, the G20 Leaders Summit began, where Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who at the general meeting spoke with the Bharat sign, attracted the lion's share of attention.
It is the constitutionally enshrined Hindi name of India. "Bharat" is the official name of the country in the state language.
The message is extremely clear - for the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), whose ideology is Hindu nationalism (Hindutva), the name "India" is a symbol of the colonial past in which they were part of the British Empire.
International politics
2019: Indian population backs US President Trump's policies
Kenya, Nigeria and India have more faith in U.S. President Donald Trump, according to a new Pew Research Center poll.
Health care
2021
- lower respiratory tract infections;
- HIV/AIDS;
- tuberculosis;
- diarrhoeal diseases;
- malaria;
- measles.
2020
No guaranteed paid sick leave
In India, 87% of citizens would agree to vaccination against COVID-19
Hygiene
2022: Share of households with water supply grows
2020: Part of the population defecates on the street
2017: Houses with toilets
Smoking
Main article: Smoking
2018: India - in 2nd place in the world in the number of smokers
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Abortions
In India, the desire not to give birth to girls is widespread. In 2015, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a nationwide campaign for women's equality. The aim of the Government's programme is to prevent gender-based selective abortions, protect girls, improve their education and involve them in society.
In mid-June 2016, Indian radiologists staged a strike to protest the unfair prosecution of their colleague Ashutosh Jape for allegedly illegal abortion. Read more here.
HIV and AIDS
2020: India accounts for 4.6% of all new HIV infections worldwide
Obesity
Main article: Obesity
2016: Rise of obesity in children
Maternity leave more than 24 weeks
in
Hunger
Education
2022
69% of respondents spent money on online courses
199 thousand students from India study in the USA
52% of all international students in the United States come from only two countries: China (290 thousand students as of 2022) and India (199 thousand)
The third place with a lag of almost 5 times from the second is occupied by South Korea: a little more than 40 thousand residents of this country at that time studied in the United States.
Only 4.8 thousand people left Russia for the United States to study, 14.4 thousand from Nigeria, 5 thousand from Thailand, 5.3 from Venezuela.
2021: There are 29,800 public libraries in India
2019: Number of years of education by citizens over 25
2018: Less than 50% of the population can read
2012: Political upbringing
Crime
2024
Private school leaders sacrifice student to solve financial problems
On September 22, 2024, a second-grader at a private school in the city of Khatras in the central state of Uttar Pradesh died after a ritual of black magic performed by the leadership of the educational institution for its prosperity. This was reported in the local police.
Law enforcement officers detained five people, including the owner of the school, whose family was engaged in occult practices. His son, who served as the head of the school, and three teachers were also arrested. 'We arrested five people. The child was strangled to bring prosperity to the school and secure its future, "Khatras Police Chief Nipun Aggarwal said. According to law enforcement officers, the school has recently faced financial problems, and the accused believed that the sacrifice would solve them.
During the investigation, it turned out that the school management planned the ritual on September 6 with another student, but the boy made a fuss and ran away. On September 22, the school principal, together with accomplices, organized a repeated attempt to perform the ritual, they took the second-grader out of the school hostel and strangled him. Esoteric objects were found at the crime scene. Police believe the motive for the crime involves superstition.
Gang that sold people to work as online scammers arrested in India
At the end of May 2024, Indian authorities arrested five people accused of selling people to work as online scammers in Southeast Asia. During the search of a number of points located in six Indian states, evidence was obtained showing the transfer of people to Laos and Cambodia. One of the five arrested is bodybuilder and influencer Balwant "Bobby" Kataria, who advertised bogus vacancies for scammers on his YouTube and Instagram channels (owned by Meta, which is recognized as extremist and banned in Russia). His two former victims managed to return to the country and filed lawsuits.
 | The investigation showed that the accused were involved in an organized trafficking syndicate that was engaged in luring and transporting Indian youth to foreign countries under false promises of legal employment, the National Investigation Agency of India said in a press release. - Illegally smuggled people were forced to carry out illegal activities on the Internet, such as credit card fraud, investments in cryptocurrency using fake applications, etc. |  |
Indians are often victims of criminal fraudulent syndicates, as they are proficient in English and have good technological skills, but do not have opportunities for development in their native country and seek to get abroad in search of high-paying jobs.
Indian trade in Southeast Asia has become such a burning issue that the Indian Embassy in Cambodia has posted a pop-up warning on its website urging citizens to be careful. In addition, the embassy helped secure the release of dozens of Indian citizens illegally brought to the coastal city of Sihanoukville to work as cyber fraudsters.Indian police arrest five accused of trafficking people into scam compounds
2018: India leads in killing of journalists
Prisons
2019: Minimum age of imprisonment for children - 7 years
2021: Number of prisoners - 478,600
2018: Low number of prisoners per 100,000 citizens
Culture
Language
2022: Number of English speakers - 125.3 million
Philosophy
Main article: Philosophical Systems of India
Religion
Main article: Religion in India
Ascetics
Gaudiya Vaishnavism
- Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486-1534)
Holidays
Main article: World Festival Calendar
Kumbha Mela
Main article: Kumbha Mela
The world's largest festival by number of participants.
Hawley
Ramnavmi - Rama's birthday
Ramnavmi is a Vedic festival held on the birthday of Hindu deity Rama - prince and then ruler of Ayodhya. In India, Rama is revered as an avatar (incarnation) of the god Vishnu, and it is with him that the restoration of divine law and order in the world is associated.
Every year the holiday is calculated by astrologers according to the lunar calendar - this is the ninth day of the Vedic month of Chaitra (in the usual system it is March-April). In 2023, the celebration of the birth of Rama fell on March 30.
Nine days before Rama's birth, Rama-Navratri begins, during which people sing prayers and songs glorifying Rama. And on the day of Ramnavmi himself, numerous processions are organized in various states of India.
Ecology
2021
Among the anti-leaders for clogging the world's oceans with plastic
Fifth place in terms of air pollution
In March 2022, Greenpeace, in collaboration with the development company AirVisual, compiled an annual rating of the countries of Europe and the world with the cleanest air. In India, air pollution at the end of 2021 was 58.1 PM2.5 (mkg/m³). Read more here.
2019: Plastic waste imports
Sport
2022: The most popular sport is cricket
in
Calendar
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