Drug legalization
Main article: Legalization of drugs
Marijuana
Main article: Marijuana
2023
In Ukraine, legalized the cultivation and use of marijuana for medical purposes
On December 21, 2023, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted a bill on the legalization of marijuana in the country. 248 deputies of parliament voted for the adoption of the document, 16 deputies voted against.
As Yaroslav Zheleznyak, a deputy from the Golos party, wrote on his Telegram channel, the bill regulates the circulation of cannabis only in medical, industrial and scientific activities, and its distribution for recreational purposes is still prohibited. According to Zheleznyak, only legal entities that will be issued a license can grow medical cannabis, and the National Police will monitor them.
Drugs based on medcannabis can only be obtained by electronic prescription. The doctor will write this prescription to the patient according to his condition, as happens with morphine.
The Ministry of Health of Ukraine commented on the adoption of the bill as follows:
 | Historic decision. Thanks on behalf of the medical community for the decision, because medical cannabis is a medicine for millions of people: cancer patients, people with multiple sclerosis, patients receiving palliative care, etc. |  |
The department plans to prepare a list of diseases and conditions in which drugs based on medical cannabis can be prescribed to a patient. Patients will be able to transport and store such drugs in the amount indicated in one prescription. Deputy Prime Minister Olga Stefanishina promised that the production and sale of cannabis for medical purposes will be tightly controlled, up to a barcode on each bush.
The Ministry of Health of Ukraine noted that by the end of 2023, cannabis-based medicines are allowed in 56 countries, including, states EU, and Canada. Britain USA[1]
In Germany, marijuana was legalized. It can be stored and grown
On August 16, 2023, German authorities approved a bill to partially legalize the cultivation and use of marijuana. It is assumed that the initiative will solve a number of existing problems.
Under the new rules, adult citizens aged 18 and over will be able to store up to 25 grams of cannabis - this will not be criminalised. In addition, it is allowed to grow at home up to three bushes of the plant for personal purposes.
| | This is an important law that will represent a long-term change in drug policy, "said Karl Lauterbach, German Minister of Health. | |
According to him, the law is part of the "concept of controlled legalization." The document provides for the possibility of distributing marijuana by creating licensed associations of private agriculture with no more than 500 members. Participants will be allowed to buy up to 25 grams on any given day, but with a limit of 50 grams per month. The German government is also set to launch a series of regional pilot programs that will allow cannabis to be sold through a small number of licensed specialty stores. At the same time, it is planned to collect statistics on the activities of such points: based on the information received, adjustments can subsequently be made to the established rules.
| | We want to limit marijuana use and make it safer, especially for children and young people. But we don't want to expand it, "Lauterbach added. | |
Legalization, according to the authors of the initiative, should protect consumers from the gray market, and controlled marketing will reduce health risks. In addition, this will theoretically reduce the crime rate in the relevant area.[2]
As a result, on April 1, 2024, a law on the partial legalization of cannabis came into force in Germany.
Now adult citizens can start up to three bushes of this amazing plant at home, as well as store up to 50 grams of the substance for personal use.
Up to 25 grams of cannabis can be taken to public places.
From July 1, it will be allowed to create special clubs for group (up to 500 people) cultivation of the plant. Club members will be able to co-grow cannabis and pass on 50 grams of the substance a month to each club member.
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine approved in the first reading the legalization of medical cannabis
In July 2023, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine approved in the first reading a bill aimed at legalizing the use of medical cannabis.
Hemp cultivation was one of the important branches of agriculture in the USSR. Hemp fiber was used for the production of fabrics, canvas, ropes. In 1987, the cultivation of hemp was banned along with the cultivation of oilseed poppy. In the same status, the plant remained after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offenses: growing hemp without an appropriate license, as well as illegal production, acquisition, storage and transportation of cannabioid substances entail liability - from a fine to imprisonment for up to ten years.
For 25 years, growing industrial hemp in Ukraine was not a very profitable activity: crops and storage plants had to be protected, which made this business unprofitable for entrepreneurs. In 2012, this requirement was canceled, and a year later the Ukrainian authorities softened restrictions on the location of hemp fields: previously, almost 90% of the country's territory fell under the ban.
The Ukrainian hemp market was then attended by four main players: Vladimir Yakimchuk, Kharkov Rope Plant, Linen of Desna and Desnaland under the control of Michel Tereshchenko and Agro-Hanf, founded by Eduard Tyan and managed by Viktor Polonchuk.
All these businessmen have or plan to conclude contracts with foreign states, where hemp cultivation is less cost-effective or plants are of lower quality due to climatic conditions. The main buyers of Ukrainian industrial hemp and its derivatives are European states, the USA, China, Uruguay, Paraguay, Chile, Colombia and Iran.
As the late director of research of the Cannabis Seed Selection Department of the Institute of Bast Crops in Glukhov noted, Vyacheslav Virovets, the legislation in force earlier in the field of hemp cultivation significantly hampered any development in the field of industrial hemp breeding. For example, if the forensic center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine revealed an excess of the norm for the content of cannabioids in plants at one of the processing plants, it was necessary to destroy all existing plantations.
Apparently, tough restrictions on the part of the state were quite effective and led to a shortage of psychoactive marijuana on the Ukrainian black market. Demand for the substance exceeds supply so much that smuggled cannabis easily finds its buyer.
In December 2022, representatives of the National Guard Spain , as a result of searches in four major Spanish cities, seized 2,500 hemp plants and 139 kg of marijuana ready for "use." All this, along with 800 thousand euros and 6 units of firearms, was preparing to be sent to Ukraine under the guise of humanitarian aid.
For almost ten years, the "hemp issue" allowed foreign states to earn on Ukrainian lands and citizens in two ways: buying industrial hemp from fertile fields and selling illegal cannabioids. The third way remained undeveloped - the legalization of medical cannabis. This is the largest and most promising market in the context of enrichment.
Shortly after the outbreak of hostilities To Ukraine in 2022, the country's president Volodymyr Zelensky and his administration began to increasingly raise the issue of the need to legalize the so-called "medical cannabis." The official cover, voiced by the Minister, health care UkraineVictor Lyashko is the need to solve psychological problems in people with PTSD.
"We must finally legalise honestly... cannabis-based medicines, relevant scientific research and controlled Ukrainian production, "Zelensky said. Cannabis cultivation is also included in the "strategy for the economic restoration of the Crimean peninsula," which should begin immediately after its "forceful seizure." Both initiatives were immediately supported not only by the president's colleagues, but also by foreign interested parties.
Gennady Shabas, head of the Ukrainian Medical Cannabis Association, openly says that a number of international companies (including, for example, Canadian Aurora Cannabis and Canopy Growth) are already ready to cooperate with Ukrainian producers. Moreover, foreign partners want not only to sell their own conditionally medicinal products, but also to begin the formation of a "cannabis hub" in Ukraine in order to "import medicines, raw materials, make and pack medicines or do the entire production cycle" in the future. We are talking about the full integration of Ukraine into the world industrial production of narcotic substances.
Earlier in the period from 2020 to 2022, Monsanto, Cargill and Dupont took possession of almost 52% of the arable land of Ukraine. Controlling stakes in these entities are in the hands of financial giants Vanguard and Blackrock.
Control over the process of growing and processing hemp will also most likely be completely in the hands of foreign - or Ukrainian - companies controlled by them: the Ukrainian Medical Cannabis Association works under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO), and access to the production of products containing cannabis can only be obtained if there is a GMP certificate developed in the United States.
Thus, in the foreseeable future, the entire production cycle and control over the circulation of Ukrainian marijuana may be in the hands of foreign companies.
As usual, any potentially profitable and profitable initiative for globalists begins to acquire smaller beneficiaries in the person of NGOs and small businesses. In the vast majority of cases, they hope to receive foreign funding in exchange for promoting the necessary trends in certain sectors of society.
In Ukraine, in the context of the upcoming legalization of cannabis, those who want to have time to heat their hands on this have already begun to work. For example, the AskGrowers team officially calls itself cannabis distributors in the United States, but some of the employees continue to live in Ukrainian cities where they are engaged in "providing detailed information about marijuana use." In their interviews, AskGrowers members do not hesitate to say that cannabis is now urgently needed not only for people with a traumatized psyche, but also for "all Ukrainians in general."
The independent cannabis rights organisation Free March is raising money to "provide critical humanitarian assistance." The collection, one of the target audiences of which the NGO calls orphans, is held under the slogan "Cannabis supports Ukraine."
If the offensive of cannabis on Ukraine ends in success, in a few years a community of entrepreneurs and consumers will be formed on its territory, which will serve the entire chain of production and sale of this narcotic substance. Gradually, the idea of the acceptability of marijuana use will also spread among citizens of neighboring states (for example, Moldova), paving the way for the creation of new hemp plantations.
Zurich legalizes marijuana sales and use
On March 22, 2023, the Ministry health care Switzerland approved a pilot project to legalize the sale and use of marijuana in Zurich.
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An experiment to legalise marijuana sales in Zurich will reportedly be organised in July 2023. Cannabis is planned to be sold at certain pharmacies and some other points - just over 20 points of sale. At the same time, products with different concentrations of tetrahydrocannabinol, the main active substance of marijuana, will be available. Prices can be adjusted for changes in the cost of cannabis in the black market. Legally available products will be produced by licensed Swiss companies and strictly monitored for cleanliness.
The Zurich authorities intend to attract approximately 2.1 thousand residents to the experiment, which will last three and a half years. Every six months they have to fill out a questionnaire with questions about marijuana habits, their well-being, etc. The findings will be studied by specialists from the Swiss Ministry of Health and the Psychiatric Clinic at the University of Zurich. It is assumed that the collected statistics will make it possible to decide on the feasibility of legalizing marijuana nationwide, as well as assess the possible consequences of free cannabis sales.[3]
Twitter first allowed marijuana ads in some US states
Twitter became the first platform to allow companies to advertise cannabis in some U.S. states in February 2023.
2022
Marijuana - the sixth most expensive agricultural crop in the United States - $5 billion
The legalization of marijuana in the United States led to the fact that in 2022 it entered the sixth place in the ranking of the main crops of the United States with a harvest of $5 billion. The leader - corn - has a noticeably higher result: 82.6 billion, but marijuana has a chance of reaching fifth place.
Compared to 2021, the cost of marijuana harvest in 2022 increased immediately by 24%. Marijuana has only been legalized in 23 states in the country this time.
German government plans to allow residents to buy up to 20 grams of marijuana
In October 2022, it was announced that the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany intends to allow residents of the republic to buy up to 20 grams of marijuana as part of a policy to legalize the use of cannabis.
Free distribution of 1 million hemp bushes in Thailand
On May 8, 2022, it was revealed that the Thai government was distributing a million free cannabis plants to households across the country to mark a new rule allowing people to grow cannabis at home, the health minister said. Health Minister Anutin Charnvirakul expressed his intention for cannabis plants to be grown as "home crops."
The new regulation, which comes into force on June 9, 2022, will allow people to grow cannabis at home after notifying local authorities, but the plants must be a medical variety and used exclusively for medical purposes. In addition, cannabis cannot be used for commercial purposes without additional licenses.
The move is the latest step as part of Thailand's plan to promote cannabis as a commodity crop. About a third of its workforce is employed in agriculture, according to the World Bank.
Thailand, known for heavy penalties for drug trafficking, in 2018 became the first country in Southeast Asia to legalize cannabis for medical research and use.
Anutin noted that registered Thai companies can sell hemp products containing less than 0.2 tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, - the part of the plant responsible for causing people to become addicted to drugs.
| | It will allow people and the government to generate more than 10 billion baht a year in marijuana and hemp revenue, "Anutin wrote. | |
Kitty Chopaka, a Bangkok-based hemp entrepreneur, told CNN the law is meant to open the way for people to use the plant in medicinal teas or soups.
| | It will still be a crime if you don't have a legal prescription and for that to work you have to be a patient with any medical condition. Only then can you grow cannabis at home and use it as you see fit. | |
She added that even though recreational use of the drug remains illegal, "smoking this grass is going to happen and there's no way [the government] can stop it."[4]
Thailand first in Asia to fully legalize marijuana
In January 2022 Thailand , it became the first country in to approve actual Asia decriminalization, marijuana although the authorities left a gray zone around its recreational use. health care Minister Anutin Charnvirakul announced that the Drug Control Committee had approved the removal of cannabis from the list of drugs controlled by the ministry. The updated rules in the document will take effect from the end of May 2022.
This decision followed with the exception at the end of December 2021 of cannabis, a type of plant that includes both marijuana and hemp, from the list of illegal drugs in accordance with the Thai Drug Act. Police and lawyers contacted by The Associated Press said it was not yet clear whether possession of marijuana would no longer be considered an offense for which arrest is due. The confusion of related laws means marijuana production and possession remains regulated for now, leaving the legal status of recreational marijuana use in the gray area.
Thailand's health ministry keeps parts of the hemp plant containing more than 0.2% by weight of tetrahydrocannabinol, a psychoactive ingredient that makes consumers high, on the list of controlled drugs. In 2020, Thailand became the first Asian state to decriminalize the production and use of marijuana for medical purposes. According to changes made in 2020, most parts of the cannabis plant were removed from the list of controlled drugs under category 5, but seeds and cones that are associated with recreational use were retained. The updated proposal of January 2022 excludes all parts of the plant from the list.
Thailand's Health Minister Anutin Charnvirakul is driving the decriminalisation of marijuana. Charnvirakul is the leader of the Bhumjay Thai party, the main partner in the country's coalition government, and campaigned for legalising marijuana production in the 2019 general election to help farmers. The latest measure is also seen as helping to promote cannabis products as the main industry in Thailand.[5]
2021
Marijuana for 7 years replenished the US treasury by $10.4 billion
In January 2022, the non-profit organization The Marijuana Policy Proje published a report according to which states in the United States that legalized marijuana collectively received about $10.4 billion in tax revenues from cannabis since the first legal sales began in 2014. In 2021 alone, tax revenues amounted to over $3 billion, and many states have not yet reported on budget indicators in the last few months.
By January 2022, 18 states have laws that legalize, tax and regulate cannabis use for adults 21 and older (voter-approved legislation in 2020 to legalize adult use in South Dakota was struck down by the state Supreme Court in November 2021). Eight laws were approved in 2020 or 2021, and in seven of them, sales and tax collections have either not yet begun (or started within the last week).
| | States that have legalized cannabis for adults have significant economic benefits. The legal adult cannabis industry has now received more than $10 billion in new tax revenue, and in many cases those revenues are allocated to much-needed public services and programs, including reinvestment in communities that have been devastated by the war on drugs. That's in stark contrast to the ban, which costs taxpayers billions of dollars each year to enforce, said Karen O'Keefe, director of public policy at the Marijuana Policy Project. | |
In states with legal sales of cannabis to adults, tax revenues can be directed to social services and programs. This includes education funding, school construction, early literacy, public libraries, bullying prevention, behavioral health, alcohol and drug treatment, services to veterans, preservation, job training, criminal record removal costs and reinvestment in communities that have been disproportionately affected by the cannabis war.
So authorities in Alaska invest half of all adult cannabis tax revenue in the Recidivism Reduction Fund and support re-entry programs for current and former inmates. In California, more than $100 million was allocated to community groups and local non-profit programs that help people affected by punitive drug laws, and in Colorado, $471.9 million of the total income generated from cannabis taxes was aimed at improving the Colorado public school system.[6]
Uber starts delivering marijuana in Canada via Uber Eats
Uber will allow users in Ontario, Canada, to place cannabis orders on its Uber Eats app, marking the giant's invasion of the booming business, a company spokesman said in November 22, 2021. Customers can place orders on the Uber Eats app and then pick them up at a nearby Tokyo Smoke store. Read more here.
49% of Americans tried marijuana
As of September 2021, almost half of American adults have tried marijuana.
Reactionary cannabis use by this time has been legalized in 18 U.S. states (plus the District of Columbia), contributing to the further spread of the drug.
In Washington, they give marijuana self-rolling for vaccination against COVID-19
In early June 2021, the state Council for the Sale of Spirits and Cannabis decided to issue free self-circulation with marijuana to adult citizens who made inoculation coronavirus from in. Washington State Read more. here
2020
U.S. marijuana legalization support growth to 68%
Israel begins shipping medical marijuana abroad
In mid-May 2020, the Israeli authorities allowed the export of medical cannabis. The industry is expected to generate hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue for the country. Read more here.
2019
Google blocks marijuana-selling apps
On May 29, 2019, Google blocked apps in the Google Play catalog that sell or somehow contribute to the implementation of marijuana or related products. The ban was introduced as part of large-scale changes in the policy of publishing content in the store. Read more here.
U.S. State Legalization Map
Canada legalizes marijuana
In early 2019, Canada became the second country in the world to legalize marijuana.
2017
IBM's proposal to use blockchain to control marijuana trafficking
In early November 2017, IBM invited the authorities of the Canadian province of British Columbia to use blockchain technology to organize the legal trade in marijuana, Bloomberg reports.[7]
The Legalization of Non-Medical Marijuana Consumption Act in Canada will come into effect in July 2018, and ahead of this, Canadian authorities are examining public opinion regarding the mechanisms for regulating hemp business.
IBM believes that the introduction of distributed ledger technology (DLT) will allow tracking the turnover of hemp at all stages, from the purchase of seeds to the sale of finished products.
In its proposal posted on the British Columbia provincial government website, the "blue giant" notes that blockchain will allow control over purchases, sales and prices of cannabis. In addition, with the help of this technology, marijuana producers will be able to monitor the inventory of products, predict supply volumes, demand and other consumption trends.
| | With distributed registry technology, information about each member of the chain is constantly updated and checked in real time, which allows you to track the location of the product at any time. Due to such transparency, regulators will be able to provide increased control over the circulation of marijuana, the IBM document says.[8] | |
Before proposing to use blockchain to control marijuana trafficking, for several years IBM promoted the idea of using blockchain in industries ranging from financial services to retail and freight. The company expects that the technology will begin to be introduced by its traditional customers - large enterprises, and in the long term this direction will become a driver of its revenue growth, which will compensate for the decline in sales in the traditional IBM business.
Microsoft enters the marijuana Microsoft
In June 2016, Microsoft announced a partnership with Kind Financial, making the US software giant the first major IT company to enter the legal marijuana trade market. Read more here.
2013: Uruguay legalized marijuana first
The first country to allow recreational use of hemp was Uruguay in 2013.
2010: Marijuana-scented coins issued in Benin
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The collectible 100 CFA francs, the first circulation of which was released in 2010, were minted from copper-nickel alloy with silver. On the back is a sheet of hemp, the coin itself has the aroma of this plant. The mass of each instance is 27 grams, and the diameter is 38.61 mm. There are only 2,500 of them in the world.
However, the first batch of coins proved so popular that in 2011 a new circulation was issued in the same denomination, but in a different form. In 2016, another 1000 coins were issued.
For 2019, marijuana is banned in Benin.
1976
1973
Notes
- ↑ Parliament has adopted a bill on medical kanabіs# 7457 from another chitannі.
- ↑ Germany Takes Step Toward Legalizing Marijuana
- ↑ Zurich to legalise consumption and sale of cannabis in trial scheme
- ↑ Thailand to give away one million free cannabis plants to households, minister says
- ↑ Thailand first in Asia to move to decriminalize marijuana
- ↑ States Surpass $10 Billion in Tax Revenue from Legal, Adult-Use Cannabis Sales
- ↑ IBM Touts Blockchain to Track Pot Industry From ‘Seed to Sale’
- ↑ BlockChain: An Irrefutable Chain of Custody Audit for the Seed to Sale of Cannabis in BC
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