Mechanical Engineering in Russia

Main article: Industrial production in Russia

Car production

Main article: Car production in Russia

Aviation industry

Main article: Aviation industry of Russia

Machine-tool construction

Main article: Machine tool building in Russia

Chronicle

2024

In Kurgan for ₽1 billion launched a plant for the production of loaders

In mid-October 2024, the grand opening of a new loader plant took place in Kurgan. The company ITM Power Transmissions LLC, which is part of the Kurgandormash structure, is located on the territory of the former ZhBI-2 plant on Mashinostroiteley Avenue. The total investment in the project amounted to more than ₽1 billion. Read more here

Russian mechanical engineering has almost doubled production in three years

The volume of mechanical engineering in monetary terms in Russia in the first quarter of 2024 reached 560.1 billion rubles. This is almost double the result of three years ago. So, in the first quarter of 2021, an indicator of 295.2 billion rubles was recorded. Such data are given in the report of the Institute for Statistical Research and Economics of Knowledge of the Higher School of Economics, which was published on June 27, 2024.

It is noted that in connection with the formed geopolitical situation, the engineering industry received a powerful impetus for development. According to the results obtained during the study, more than 40% of enterprises in Russia have "very high" and "high" potential for implementing the process of producing import-substituting products. Nearly 60% of companies have a "high" and "medium" level of readiness for the use of new technologies, while more than 40% of industries funded projects for their implementation. About a third (31%) of companies faced the need to invest in technological development.

According to the results of the first quarter of 2024, the number of organizations specializing in the production of machinery and equipment reached 14.8 thousand. This is 2.5% more compared to the same period in 2023. The number of medium and large organizations in January 2024 compared to January 2021 rose by 11.5% and amounted to 882. During the same period, the number of large and medium-sized enterprises for the production of machines, machines and equipment for the processing of metals and other solid materials increased from 25 to 29.

According to estimates, in January-April 2024, a total of 18.6 thousand machines were produced in the Russian Federation. Of these, metal-cutting installations accounted for 15.5% (about 2.9 thousand pieces), woodworking - 13% (2.4 thousand), turning, boring and milling metal-cutting - 9.8% (1.8 thousand), machine tools for removing burrs, grinding, grinding or machine tools for other metal refinement - 6.6% (1.2 thousand), woodworking round-saw, ribbon and cutting machines - 6.1% (1.1 thousand). Most of all, "other metalworking machines" were produced - 3.4 thousand units, or 18.4%.^[1]

2023

Bearing production in Russia increased by 29.5% to 114.4 million units

In 2023, 114.4 million bearings were produced in Russia. This is 29.5% more than in the previous year, when the volume of production of these products amounted to 88.4 million units. The main drivers of the industry are the high demand for such products and comprehensive measures of support from the state. Market trends are addressed in the BusinesStat survey published in mid-October 2024.

The study takes into account bearings of various types, including ball and roller. Significant players in the domestic market are Tek-Kom Production LLC, GPZ LLC, Emas-Turbo LLC, PJSC Pskov Mechanical Drive Plant and GPZ-77 LLC.

According to estimates, 92.3 million bearings were manufactured in Russia in 2019. In 2020, a 5.7% drop was recorded with a final result of 87.1 million units. The decrease in production was associated with both a decrease in demand for products and a reduction in capacity due to the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictive measures. In 2021, the production of bearings recovered to the level of 2019, amounting to 93.9 million units, which is 7.8% more on an annualized basis.

In 2022, bearing production in Russia decreased by 5.8% and amounted to 88.4 million units. The decrease is mainly due to the departure from the Russian Federation of foreign companies, either directly engaged in the manufacture of products within the country, or which were their consumers. The most acute was the departure of manufacturers of cassette bearings used in car building. Manufacturers such as EPK-Brenko Bearing Company LLC, SKF LLC and Timken UWC LLC worked in partnership with Amsted Rail, SKF and Timken, respectively. Temporary deliveries of cassette bearings were replaced by Chinese companies. In 2023, the market returned to growth - including thanks to government support programs.^[2]

Bearing production for the year soared by 26.3% to 61.2 million units

In 2023, the production of ball and roller bearings in Russia reached 61.2 million units. This is 26.3% more than in the previous year, when 48.5 million products were manufactured. Such data are given in the review of the analytical agency "GuideMarket," published in early September 2024.

The study says that in 1990, 1.17 billion rolling bearings were produced in the USSR, which almost completely covered the needs of the country's domestic market. Products were also exported, occupying a significant niche in the global market. However, between 1990 and 2010, there was a multiple reduction in the production of machine-building products, which led to the cessation of the production of some types of bearings and a decrease in the quality of the rest. As a result, after 2000, the production of ball and roller bearings in Russia showed stable negative dynamics.

The situation began to change due to the serious deterioration of the international landscape of geopolitics and the instability of world markets. The successful implementation of the import substitution program makes Russia less dependent on external factors, as well as on measures taken by other states to curb the development of the national economy. Against this background, in 2022, the volume of production of ball and roller bearings in the Russian Federation rose by 16.3% compared to 2021.

The positive trend in demand for rolling bearings in Russia is explained by several key factors. Among them are the development of domestic engineering against the background of sanctions and import substitution in various sectors of the economy, an increase in the production of the military-industrial complex in connection with a special operation, as well as an increase in demand from the railway sector.^[3]

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