Russian State Network, RSNet

The Unified Data Transmission Network (CDS) is a set of data trunk networks with access nodes in administrative centers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The network is an integral part of the e-government infrastructure and is also intended for the transfer of information by federal executive bodies. SPD is designed to improve the quality (speed, availability, reliability) of telecommunications services provided to federal executive authorities, and create conditions that ensure digital equality of the quality and quantity of telecommunications and electronic public services to citizens of the Russian Federation throughout the country by transforming the process of purchasing communication channels..

The Ministry of Communications is working on the creation of the ESPD together with Rostelecom.

For independent, objective monitoring of performance and compliance with the level of communication services provided by the EPDS, the subsystem "Monitoring of a single data transmission network" was created.

The purpose of the EPDS

The purpose of the RSNet project, in addition to posting information about the activities of government agencies, is to provide officials with access to the Internet. FSO provides information interaction with Internet access service providers, financial and technical support, as well as security. In addition, the FSO is engaged in connecting new users to the network.

SPD services

• Organization of virtual private networks
• Restricting access to information when accessing the Internet
• Data protection
• Information Security Event Monitoring

Network connection

For 2009, any local government body up to the city administration can connect to a secure network, but on condition that it itself can pay for the connection of up to one of the 60 nodes of CNews[2] the network, Gosnet explained^[1] representative Andrei Kozyrev^[1].

Structure of EPDS

2019 data

History

2023: Russia creates a special "Internet for the authorities" for 4.8 billion rubles

In mid-June 2023, it became known that the federal budget funds in the amount of almost 5 billion rubles are planned to be spent until 2024 to create a special Internet segment for government agencies called the Russian State Network (RSNet).

Inside RSNet, users will only have access to secure resources that meet the requirements of the laws of the Russian Federation. Among other things, in the Internet segment, it is planned to provide protection against DDoS attacks and store outbound traffic to investigate computer incidents. The infrastructure for RSNet has already been implemented, and it will be entered by personal personal identifiers. Already in the fourth quarter of 2023, a pilot project starts.

Almost 5 billion rubles of budget funds will be spent on RSNet

According to the deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, IT and Communications Andrei Svintsov, RSNet should be an absolutely transparent structure for the state and users. The service cannot be accessed from various anonymous devices or when using a VPN, and registration with RSNet and obtaining a personal identifier will be carried out only using a passport. You can enter the protected segment from anywhere in the world, but taking into account the user's personal identifier and access rights. According to Svintsov, a closed segment of the Internet will help protect personal data, avoid various kinds of spam, phishing and scammers. RSNet will be protected from malicious bookmarks in software and hardware.

According to the federal project "Information Infrastructure" of the national program "Digital Economy," the federal budget of Russia will allocate the amount of 4.8 billion rubles in the period from 2019 to 2024. Of these, 3.7 billion rubles will be spent on maintaining, developing, as well as operating infrastructure for RSNet. 1.13 billion rubles. will go to the development of a distributed information security management and monitoring system. All regional and federal authorities of Russia, the Government of the Russian Federation, the State Duma of the Russian Federation, the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, judicial bodies and the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation will be connected to the Rsnet Internet segment.

According to the publication CNews, Rsnet was originally created in the late 1990s to ensure access to the network of federal authorities in Russia. Since the beginning of the 2000s, a number of regional authorities in the country have also received the ability to connect to the Rsnet system. The Main Network Management Center of the FSO Special Communications is responsible for the performance of the "Internet for the authorities." ^[2]

2019

The Ministry of Defense tested the "military Internet"

On August 1, 2019, it became known that the Russian Ministry of Defense tested high-speed information exchange lines. According to the test results, the "military Internet" provided a transfer rate of 300 mb/s between field control points at a distance of more than 2 thousand km. To achieve such results, the Ministry of Defense used special equipment and more than 1.5 thousand mobile communication and encryption systems. Read more here.

Ministry of Digital Development: GosWeb in Russia is built on the British model

On July 19, 2019, it became known that Russian Gosweb (a unified digital site environment state) is modeled on Great Britain the government sites used in the unified model - gov.uk. This was told by the deputy director of the digital department. states Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Ekaterina Stolbova

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications believes that the British gov.uk was not completed, as it began to be introduced "from above." In Russia, on the contrary, Gosweb will first be introduced from below, and then replicated to federal structures.

As Ekaterina Stolbova said, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications selected six pilot regions for testing Gosweb. The republics,,, and agreed to participate in the experiment Udmurtia Kalmykia Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Altai Territory Kurganskaya Moscow region The objects of testing a single model of state sites will be schools, kindergartens, medical organizations and local governments.

In the future, Gosweb will unite all official sites and digital services of state and local governments, as well as state extra-budgetary funds, becoming the main channel of interaction between the state and citizens. As of July 2019, the sites of state organizations often do not contain digital services and information useful for citizens, Stolbova says.

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications has prepared for state organizations a site designer using uniform templates and design, integrated with various state information systems, as well as a different approach to information disclosure. Among other things, services will be integrated on the sites for submitting appeals to government agencies with the possibility of prompt consideration, electronic voting on various socially significant issues and public discussion of regulatory legal acts.

The Gosweb project was tried by the team of the former Minister of Communications Nikolai Nikiforov. However, the government commission on the use of IT to improve the quality of life and business conditions did not approve the corresponding draft concept prepared by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications. The current ministry team has prepared another draft concept, which will be considered by the government commission within a month.

Measures to create a unified digital environment of state Internet resources, including a single standard for visual and graphic design and unified tools for information and content content, are included in the federal project "State Administration" of the national program "Digital Economy."

FSO will receive 1.44 billion rubles for the development, maintenance and operation of Rsnet

On July 11, 2019, it became known that the Federal Security Service (FSO) will carry out a number of activities within the framework of the federal project "Information Infrastructure" of the national program "Digital Economy." In particular, in 2018-2021. the department will receive from the state budget 1.44 billion rubles for the development, maintenance and operation of the Russian state segment of the Internet - Rsnet.

Among other things, in 2019, 550 million rubles will be spent on these purposes, in 2020 and in 2021 - 440 million rubles each. These activities also include ensuring the interaction of information systems and information and telecommunication networks of federal government and regional authorities through the Rsnet network. Together with the FSO, the Ministry of Communications will participate in the project.

Another event that the FSO will deal with with the participation of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications is the development of the information and communication infrastructure of the situational centers of higher government bodies. 390 million rubles will be spent on this event.

The third project that the FSO will deal with is the creation of a secure digital environment for audiovisual interaction (that is, a video conferencing system) of state bodies, organizations and citizens at the federal, regional and municipal levels. The Ministry of Communications, the FSB and the Ministry of Emergency Situations will also take part in the project .

The federal budget will spend 220 million rubles on the project. It is planned to spend 175 million rubles directly on the creation of a system of confidential video communication of state authorities, another 45 million rubles^[3] will^[4] on^[5] the interaction of this system with video communication systems of state bodies and organizations].

2017: SPD is not in demand

The fact of a rather sharp reduction in the IT budget of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications in 2017 compared to 2016 is noteworthy - by more than 4 billion rubles (33.9%). This difference is strongly correlated with the cost of the event "Ensuring the functioning and possibility of using the data transmission network of authorities by federal state bodies" (4.2 billion rubles), which was present in the department's informatization plan in 2016, but was not included in the 2017 plan.

There is every reason to believe (after studying also the plans of those FFIDs that used a single data network, SPD, in 2016) that in 2017, for a number of reasons, all departments that previously used SPDs preferred to develop and operate their own data networks (# more).

2016

FSO decided to involve private companies in the administration of the Runet state segment

In the preparation of the federal budget for 2015-2017. The Ministry of Communications in the interests of the FSO requested 1.6 billion rubles to create situation centers, but the funds were not allocated.

The Federal Security Service proposed in the summer of 2016 to involve private organizations in the administration of RSNet, the state segment of the Runet, according to the prepared draft regulation^[6][7].

The document states that the RSNet operator will interact with telecom operators, government agencies and organizations on the basis of public-private partnership "in order to create, maintain and develop services and services that allow the formation of a single information and communication space" Runet.

The new regulation is being prepared to replace the old^[8] the^[9],^[10] which has been in force since 2009, which did not say anything about cooperation with private companies. It also describes RSNet as an element of the Runet, "which includes information systems and information and telecommunication networks under the jurisdiction of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation."

The FSO describes the RSNet function as a connection to the Internet of state information systems. The RSNet operator is the FSO itself.

In addition to the old provision, the work of RSNet is described, for example, in the presidential decrees^[11]the temporary rules^[12] administration network gov.ru.

Another 8 federal departments joined the ESPD

On January 20, 2016, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications reported that 14 federal state bodies decided to use the Unified Data Network in 2016 (6 of them already used the network in 2015). ESPD combines the needs of departments in telecommunications infrastructure when providing public services, reduces the cost of providing services and increases the volume of their provision without increasing the cost, the ministry noted.

Since the beginning of 2016, the Federal Agency for Fisheries, the Federal Agency for State Property Management, the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, the State Courier Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Migration Service, and the Federal Agency for State Reserves have joined the ESPD.

The ESPD also became available for the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, the Federal Tax Service, the Federal Bailiff Service, the Federal Customs Service, the Federal Service for Regulating the Alcohol Market, the Federal Accreditation Service, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation and the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography.

2015

In 2015 Russia Vladimir Putin , by the end of 2017, the President instructed to ensure access Internet encrypted to communication channels through the Rsnet network for all federal and regional authorities,,,,,,, judicial bodies, as Presidential Administration Governments State Duma of the Federation Council Investigative Committee prosecutor's offices well as organizations created to fulfill the tasks assigned to these bodies.

In 2015, a number of departments decided to use ESPD. These are the Federal Migration Service, the Federal Agency for State Property Management, the Federal Agency for Fisheries, the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, the State Courier Service of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation.

In May 2015, the president Russia Vladimir Putin signed a decree "On some issues," information security of the Russian Federation which noted the need to create RuNet RSNet on the network.

The FSO will determine the conditions and procedure for connecting to the state segment of the network, support its performance and ensure the security of data transmission. All state departments of the Russian Federation will necessarily work through RSNet. Information systems and networks of government agencies must be connected to the state segment by December 31, 2017.

2014

Decree of the Government on the introduction of the SPD

On December 2, 2014, the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation announced that from January 1, 2015, federal state bodies have the right to decide on the use for their needs of a unified data network used to provide state and municipal services. The corresponding decree No. 1240 of November 24, 2014, developed by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, was signed by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev.

The resolution "On some issues to ensure the use of the data transmission network of authorities" provides for combining the needs of departments in the telecommunications infrastructure for the provision of public services and the implementation of state functions. This should ensure a decrease in the cost of providing services and an increase in the volume of services without increasing their cost. In addition, the document allows the government agency, in the event of a change in postal addresses, to reconnect up to 10% of its objects annually without increasing the cost.

Within the framework of a single telecommunications infrastructure for federal government agencies, it is planned to create a full-scale unified network infrastructure integrated with security and sustainability systems.

Within a three-month period, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications was supposed to develop a procedure for using a data transmission network for federal authorities.

FSO will create a single point of access to the Internet for government agencies

In January 2014, it became known that federal and regional authorities will receive a single point of safe Internet access. They plan to create it on the basis of the RSNet computer network owned by the Federal Security Service (FSO). This is reported in the documents of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications available to Izvestia^[13]. The FSO has developed a draft unified procedure for connecting information systems and information and telecommunication networks to the Internet of "state authorities of the Russian Federation and other organizations." It is planned to provide protection against malicious software and computer attacks from the Internet, as well as control over the possible dissemination of restricted information and protection against its leaks.

RSNet technical documents record that this network can only be used for unclassified information. This means that secret data will work on another network, with even more protection.

2013: Secure segment of the Internet for state institutions of Russia

Vladimir Putin instructed to create a system of distributed situation centers, within which the situation centers of various authorities would work according to a single regulation.

The Federal Security Service prepared in October 2013 a project to create a state segment of the Internet, which is planned to be launched on January 1, 2017. It is intended primarily for the Internet sites of federal authorities, and its main goal is to improve the safety of the functioning of state electronic resources and prevent leakage in the field of document management and correspondence.

According to the Izvestia newspaper, the decree of the President of the Russian Federation on amending the decree "On Measures to Ensure the information security Russian Federation When Using Information telecommunication Networks of International Information Exchange," already prepared by the Federal Security Service, spelled out a list of authorities that were recommended to switch to the state segment from January 1, 2017. These are the presidential administration, the government, the Russia Federation Council, the State Duma, the Supreme Court, the Accounts Chamber, the Prosecutor General's Office and the Investigative Committee, the organizations of the military-industrial complex and their subordinate organizations. They will connect to the state segment at the expense of the FSO. Internet Also, private legal entities will be able to use the "state" one, provided that their resources are paid for by the protected FSO, the servers newspaper writes.^[14]

It is planned to involve representatives of domestic organizations in the creation of the state segment of the Internet. Among the likely contenders is Kaspersky Lab.

2009

In 2009, the FSO reported that it plans to develop a network for government agencies, Andrei Kozyrev, a representative of the FSO, told CNews: build new RSNet nodes, develop services and provide users with access to audiovisual files, as well as ensure the operation of mail servers. In addition, as part of the development of the network, it is planned to create English versions of government sites for English-speaking audiences, as well as mobile versions of portals for phone owners and PDAs.

2003: Abolition of FAPSI, project transition to FSO

In 2003, after the abolition of FAPSI and the creation of the Federal Security Service FSO (), the functions of the RSNet operator passed to the special communications and information service at the FSO. As part of the RSNet project, gov.ru, kremlin.ru and government.ru. domains were registered A range of local IP addresses has been allocated for network users. Subdomains gov.ru transferred to the administration of the government apparatus, and, To the State Duma Federation Council the Security Council,,, and FSB FSO MINISTRY OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS others.

As part of the development of the network, the FSO launched a state system for disseminating legal acts to ensure support for state institutions (http://pravo.fso.gov.ru). Ordinary citizens can also use this system. This library contains all documents, legal acts and decrees since Petrovsky times, they say in the FSO.

1998: FAPSI begins to create a network

The RSNet network began to be created in 1998 under the leadership of the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information (FAPSI).