Main article: Countries of the world
Denmark is the southernmost of the Scandinavian countries, located in the southwest of Sweden and in the south of Norway, bordering Germany on land from the south. The capital of Denmark is Copenhagen.
Climate
Main article: Climate in Europe
Population
Main article: Population of Denmark
Cities
- Copenhagen is the capital
Citizenship and residence permit
2020: Passport strength
For 2020, residents of Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands have the same citizenship, but at the same time different passports. According to European Union recommendations, Danish and Greenlandic passports have a burgundy cover and the Faroe Islands passport has a green cover.
In 2020, in the Henley & Partners Passport Index, the Danish passport ranks fifth with visa-free access to 187 countries.
In December 2018, the handshake became an integral part of the citizenship ceremony. Such a provision would, among other things, prevent members of Islamist groups from obtaining Danish citizenship as they would never shake hands.
In 2010, a Dane who is an atheist filed a complaint over the image of Jesus' crucifixion, arguing that passports should be without religious symbols. This argument was rejected by politicians on the basis that, Christianity is part of the history of Denmark, and, secondly, it is not the only symbol that is used in the design of a passport.
2019: Number of permits with a residence permit per 1000 inhabitants of Denmark
Parliament
2022
The share of seats of the far-right DF party (Dansk Folkeparti) - 9%
Proportion of women in Parliament
Government
2023: Ukraine's military and financial support reaches €3.8 billion
Economy
Main article: Danish economy
Judicial system
2019: People sent to prisons due to geolocation errors in smartphones
At the end of August 2019, Danish authorities said they planned to review more than 10,000 court decisions. The reason for the revision was errors in the geolocation data of smartphones, which were used in court as evidence. The country also issued a decree according to which the use of these cell phones by the prosecutor's office in criminal cases was suspended for two months.
The first error was found in an IT system converting raw data from phone companies into information that police and prosecutors can use in the investigation. It turned out that the system missed some data, creating a simplified mobile phone route. The bug was discovered and fixed in March 2019.
The second problem with geolocation was that some control devices linked smartphones to incorrect phone towers. Thus, the telephone companies, without suspecting it, transmitted incorrect data to the police, because of which they could bring innocent people to justice.
The National Police determined that the flaws involved 10,700 court cases dated 2012, but it is not yet clear how often erroneous data became a decisive factor in the verdict. The Minister of Justice has set up a special team to assess the extent of these legal challenges and to monitor the handling of compromised cases. The group will begin work with those cases, which are being heard in court by the end of August 2019, and with those serving prison sentences. A report on each case heard will be sent to the court and counsel, and the cases will be retried if necessary.
A spokesman for the attorney general said she Denmark had informed European authorities of the mistakes identified but did not yet know if they had any consequences in other countries.[1]
Information Technology
IT market
2020: European tech companies attracting the most investment in 5 years
2018: Largest IT companies
Social media
2023: Department set up to "patrol" games and social media
At the end of June 2023, it was reported that an online police patrol was created in Denmark, whose employees prevent crimes by playing video games. Police officers play Counter-Strike 2, Minecraft and Fortnite and learn about crimes by interacting with teenagers. Read more here.
Information security
2023: Hackers break into Denmark's critical infrastructure by exploiting holes in Zyxel equipment. This is the largest cyber attack on the country
On November 12, 2023, the Danish cybersecurity organization SektorCERT revealed the details of the country's largest hacker attack in history. This cyber-intrusion has affected Denmark's critical information infrastructure (CII). Some affected companies and organizations had to completely isolate their IT systems by disconnecting them from the Internet.
A large-scale attack was carried out in May 2023. Attackers exploited vulnerabilities in Zyxel firewall software. In some cases, hackers exploited zero-day holes. By exploiting the vulnerabilities, cybercriminals were able to gain full control over Zyxel devices without authentication. It is reported that in a short period of time, 22 companies belonging to the KII perimeter were hacked. The investigation showed that this cyber campaign was targeted and was carried out by several criminal groups at once.
 | For a number of organizations, this attack came as a complete surprise. Many believed that because the firewall was relatively new, it should have the latest software installed on it, while others mistakenly believed their vendor was responsible for the updates, SektorCERT said in a report. |  |
The first wave of attacks began on May 11, 2023 and targeted 16 energy organizations in Denmark. Of these, 11 were hacked "almost instantly," while the rest of the invasion was avoided. After 10 days, experts recorded the second series of attacks: this time the attackers tried to connect the network of one of the companies to the Mirai botnet. The final wave of hacker intrusions was recorded on May 24, 2023: signs of a targeted prolonged cyber attack of increased complexity (APT) were detected. SektorCERT specialists and information security officers of the affected organizations managed to repel attacks and minimize damage.[2]
Health care
2021: Maternity leave less than 12 weeks
in
2019: High proportion of doctors over 55
2018: 18.7% of women smoke tobacco
2017: HIV/AIDS
1966: Danish gynecologists secretly install contraceptive spirals for girls and women in Greenland to reduce the island's population
A group of 143 Greenlandic women sued the Danish government in May 2024, alleging that between 1966 and 1970 doctors installed contraceptive spirals on them without their consent or knowledge. Now they demand to pay them collective compensation of almost €5 million for violating their rights.
Some were as young as 12 when, they said, Danish gynecologists installed intrauterine spirals on them in an attempt to reduce Greenland's population in those years.
It is estimated that 4,500 women and girls were affected then. The Danish government said it was "conducting an independent investigation."
Education
Literacy rate
Science and Research
2020: More than 100,000 animals are used for scientific purposes
Almost 8 million animals are used for scientific purposes in Europe and half of them are laboratory mice and rats.
Culture
Music
Language
Religion
2022
39.8% of the population believes in life after death
12% of the population attends divine services at least once a month
2021:8% of the population say religion is important in their lives
Sport
2022: The most popular sport is football
Army
2024: Agreement to sell 24 F-16AM/BM fighters to Argentina for $300 million
In April 2024, Argentina signed an agreement to purchase a batch of 24 upgraded F-16AM/BM fighters from Denmark, which the Danes write off as they receive modern F-35s. The deal amounted to $300 million with a delivery completion date of 2028.
2023
Defense spending - 1.6% of GDP
US permission to deploy troops at three air bases and in one port in Denmark
On December 21, 2023, Danish Foreign Minister Lars Lekke Rasmussen signed a defense agreement in Washington with US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken, according to which states can deploy their troops at three air bases and in one port, as well as form a military police corps in the country.
Air Force unification with Sweden, Finland and Norway
In March 2023, the Air Force of the four Scandinavian countries agreed that their 250 fighters would act as a single fleet.
The commanders of the Air Force of Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark signed a declaration of intent on March 16 to deepen cooperation, the Finnish and Danish Air Force said in statements.
Cooperation will include integrated command and control, operational planning and execution, flexible force deployment, joint airspace surveillance and training.
2015: Joining JEF
November 30, 2015 Great Britain in 7 countries - Denmark,,,,, and Britain Estonia Latvia- Lithuania Netherlands Norway signed an agreement on the establishment. JEF
Military equipment
Tanks
2023:44 Leopard tanks in service
2018: Number of tanks
Fighter aircrafts
Arms trade
The Firearms Trade on the Dark Web
Crime
2021: Number of intentional murders
and
Prisons
2019: The minimum age for children to be jailed is 14
2018: Number of prisoners
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Art
2021: Artist Jens Haaning embezzled the $84,000 the museum gave him and called it a work of art
In 2021, Danish artist Jens Haaning appropriated $84,000, which the Museum of Modern Art in Aalborg allocated to him to create a new work, and fled, calling his act a work of art.
According to representatives of the Danish gallery, Jens Haaning agreed with the curators of the new exhibition and borrowed money from the museum to reproduce one of his early works specifically for the new exhibition. The original work consisted of two glass frames, under which there were banknotes, and in comparison reflected the annual income of the average Austrian and Dane. Taking the money, a few months later Haaning sent a parcel with two empty frames to the museum in Aalborg, which were signed with the name "Take the money and run." The museum currently requires the artist to return the money by the end of the exhibition in January, or the gallery management will contact the police. However, Haaning refuses, saying that he fulfilled the terms of the contract in full and provided the work. "The artwork is that I took their money," he said in an interview with DR.
History
2022: Europe creates political party led by artificial intelligence
In mid-October 2022, it became known that the Synthetic Party, a new political party led by Lars, an artificial intelligence (AI) bot, intends to participate in the November general election in Denmark. Read more here.
2014: NSA assistance in spying on German Chancellor, French, Norwegian and Swedish politicians
The National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States from 2012 to 2014 spied on Chancellor FRGAngela Merkel, as well as other French, Norwegian and Swedish politicians through a Danish Internet cable connecting Europe and the United States.
This was found out in 2021 by DR, in a joint investigation with SVT, NRK, Le Monde, Süddeutsche Zeitung, NDR and WDR.
Access to information to US intelligence agencies was provided by the Danish Military Intelligence Service (FE). The investigation, which helped identify and confirm surveillance, has been going on since at least 2014 and has been called Operation Dunhammer
Among those spied on by the NSA in the "framework of Danish-American cooperation," in addition to Merkel, were ex-Foreign Minister Germany Frank-Walter Steinmeier, German politician Per Steinbrück, as well as the Danish Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Finance.
Representatives of the governments of Norway and Sweden have already demanded an explanation from Denmark.
1972: EU accession referendum
1947
Main article: Results of World War II
1945
1940: Germany occupies Denmark
Main article: World War II
On April 9, 1940, Denmark, in violation of the non-aggression treaty with Germany, was occupied by Wehrmacht forces as part of the Danish-Norwegian operation.
An hour after the start of the operation, the government and the king ordered the armed forces not to resist the aggressor and capitulated. In general, the operation to occupy Denmark took several hours, the losses of the German army amounted to 2 servicemen killed and 10 wounded.
1700
Main article: 1700
1618
1610: Witch Hunt
14th century
1133: King Eric II The Memorable Marries Malmfried, Daughter of Mstislav Veliky
Eirik Eymun is the son of the Danish king Eirik the Good (1095-1103), brother on the father of Knuth Lavard, Danish king Eric II the Memorable (1134-1137). His marriage to Malmfried Mstislavna (sister of Inhibjörg, to whom Knuth Lavard was married) concluded in 1133, J. Lindh believes that the marriage of the second son of Eirik and the second daughter of the Grand Duke of Kyiv Mstislav Vladimirovich was not an accident, but was a component of the struggle for power between the brothers Eirik and Knuth, on the one hand, and their cousin Magnus, the son of Niels, married to the Polish princess Rikis, daughter of Boleslav III, on the other. After Magnus killed the unarmed Knuth in 1131, Eirik opposed the king, and three years later the civil war ended with his victory, as well as the death of Niels and his son Magnus. During the war, Eirik re-established the Danish-Russian alliance by marrying Inhibjörg's sister, Malmfried, the widow of Sigurd the Crusader [Lind 1992: 235-238].
1131: The birth in Russia of the future King of Denmark Valdemar I, so named after his grandfather Vladimir Monomakh
Main article: Kievan Rus
V.T. Pashuto suggested that "the son of Ingebjörg (daughter of Mstislav Veliky) and Danish prince Knuth Lavard - the future Danish king Valdemar I (1157-1182) is so named, apparently, in honor of his grandfather, Monomakh" [Paschuto 1968:147; Lind 1990: 16]. According to the Knutling Saga, which in this particular case appears to J. Linda to be reliable [Lind 1990:16], Waldemar was born in Russia seven days after the murder in 1131 of his father and spent his early childhood there.
VIII century: The beginning of the Viking Age
600g
III in BC: Sleeping from Tollund
5700 hp: Paleolithic hunters
Archaeologists have discovered on the island of Lollann (Denmark) the remains of a 5700-year-old "chewing gum" - a piece of birch gum that ancient people used to chew. Chewed tar contained the DNA of a woman who lived at the junction of the late Mesolithic and early Neolithic, who was engaged in hunting and gathering.
A study published in Nature Communications in 2020 said scientists were able to use this piece of "chewing gum" to extract unprecedented amounts of DNA and sequence the entire genome of ancient humans. This is the first time a similar one has been done using any fossilised material other than human bones.
Researchers suggest that Cro-Magnon people used birch tar as glue to make tools, and may have chewed to suppress hunger, relieve toothache or just entertain. Genetic analysis revealed that the person who chewed the gum was a woman with dark skin, dark hair and blue eyes. The authors of the study called her Lola.
| | "It's amazing that we can learn so much from the whole genome: population history, physical and phenotypic traits," noted geneticist Hannes Schroeder. "This is a huge amount of information that we can extract from inconspicuous gum." | |
The researchers determined that the Cro-Magnon woman's genes were more closely related to hunter-gatherers from continental Europe than to groups living in Scandinavia at the time. This tells archaeologists that Denmark was inhabited from the south. In other words, the study supports the idea that hunter-gatherers moved north from present-day Germany to Saltholm, an ancient village on the island of Lollann off Denmark's southern coast, rather than west from neighboring Sweden.
From fossil remains found near chewing gum, scientists found that the village of Lola appeared to rely mostly on fishing and hunting for food. They also found the bones of cattle, deer and otters, which were buried near Saltholm along with the remains of fish traps. These ancient people also collected nuts and berries. Lola's DNA in the chewing gum contained hazelnut and mallard duck DNA. According to the authors of the study, this shows that Lola ate these products before chewing gum.
Schroeder and his team were also able to analyze the genes of 40 germs and oral pathogens that are preserved on gum. They found bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, which cause gum disease, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is linked to pneumonia. The chewing gum also contained genetic traces of Epstein-Barr virus, which causes mononucleosis.
The ability to obtain the genomes of ancient pathogens allows scientists to see how they evolved and spread, and also changed in terms of their virulence. This discovery could help to better understand how microbes change over thousands of years and how they may evolve in the future.
Calendar
Notes
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