Standardization of the Internet of Things
The article talks about the process of standardization of the Internet of Things in Russia, as well as the country's participation in its international standardization.
2024
GOST for Internet of Things NB-IoT technology approved in Russia
On November 1, 2024, Rosstandart approved GOST R 59026-2024 "Information Technologies. Internet of Things. NB-IoT Wireless Data Protocol. Basic parameters. " The document updates GOST R 59026-2020, which introduced the basic parameters of NB-IoT - narrowband Internet of Things technology. Read more here.
GOST for Internet of Things NB-IoT developed in Russia
On October 7, 2024, it became known that the national standard of the Internet of Things cellular communication technology NB-IoT was approved in Russia. The development of GOST was carried out at the site of the Technical Committee of Rosstandart 194 "Cyber-Physical Systems" (TK 194) with the participation of experts of MTS PJSC. The new standard is designed to expand the scope of the technology and ensure a seamless transition between the NTN network and the terrestrial Internet of Things network in the future.
According to MTS, the standard is based on experimental data and scientific research, takes into account the experience of introducing NB-IoT technology in 82 regions of Russia based on 57 thousand base stations, as well as international practices. Researchers of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University took part in the development of the document.
GOST "Information Technologies. Internet of Things. NB-IoT Wireless Data Protocol. Basic Parameters "sets the requirements for NB-IoT wireless data equipment and devices. The document defines the full data protocol stack parameters, power saving modes, and packet network architecture. NIDD
The new standard updates the previously approved GOST R 59026-2020 by introducing more detailed criteria for choosing NB-IoT technology for various sectors of the economy. The document provides a minimum set of recommended features for subscriber devices, as well as characteristics and models of message transmission in the NB-IoT network for agriculture and urban, industry, health, power and transport.
Oleg Aldoshin, Vice President for Corporate and New Business Development of MTS, noted that the new standard will contribute to the development of smart device technologies and the formation of the data economy in the country. According to him, GOST will allow creating modern domestic solutions for key sectors of the economy.[1]
An international standard has been approved, including the principles of Internet of Things power of attorney developed in Russia
On July 30, 2024, it became known that the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), together with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), approved a new standard for the Internet of Things, including the principles of power of attorney developed by Russian experts. A document entitled "Internet of Things (IoT) - Trustworthiness principles" introduces the concepts of "unconditional trust" and "trustworthiness" for cyberphysical systems, IoT devices and industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
According to ComNews, specialists from Kaspersky Lab and the Technical Committee 194 "Cyber Physical Systems" took part in the development of the standard. Work on the document lasted five years and ended with a publication establishing uniform requirements for IoT and IIoT systems.
The new standard regulates the principles of trust and trustworthiness at the levels of reliability, functional and information security, the safety of personal data, as well as sustainable functioning in cyber attacks. The appendix to the document contains best practices for ensuring trust in IIoT and IoT, including the implementation of systems taking into account the interests of the parties involved, processes for characterizing trustworthiness, models for describing the maturity of systems and methods for assessing threats.
Nikita Utkin, deputy director of ANO Platform NTI, chairman of TC 194 Cyber-Physical Systems, stressed that Russian specialists were involved in working on the standard from the very beginning. The Technical Committee joined the project in 2020, and in 2023 the results of the joint work were tested and formed the basis of a new international standard.
The ISO/IEC final document includes the best practices and approaches of Committee 194, such as PNST 818-2023 "Information Technologies. Internet of Things. Domain-sharing systems. Basic Components "and PNST 819-2023" Information Technologies. Internet of Things. Domain-sharing systems. Terms and definitions[2]
Rosstandart introduced the first standard in Russia on satellite Internet of Things
On July 1, 2024, Rosstandart introduced the first standard in Russia for the satellite Internet of Things. It aims to provide technical advice for the coordinated development of the architecture and physical environment of the network infrastructure, providing the Internet of Things services based on a low-orbit multi-satellite system.
According to the ComNews resource, the standard was developed by specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Radio Research Institute" (NIIR; subordinate structure Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation). It is emphasized that the document establishes not requirements, but recommendations: they provide for the adaptation of LoRa technology and the LoRaWAN protocol of LPWAN terrestrial networks for satellite low-orbit systems with the target function of the Internet of Things. Compliance with these recommendations makes it possible to ensure the compatibility of equipment from Russian and foreign manufacturers, taking into account the peculiarities of the architecture of the low-orbit satellite system of the Internet of Things.
The standard can be applied in all types of documents, including technical specifications, contracts, scientific and technical, educational and reference literature, etc. In addition, it can be used by research and production teams performing work in the field of Internet of Things communication networks, teams involved in the use and implementation of domestic devices/systems of the satellite Internet of Things, as well as testing laboratories and certification authorities.
Nikita Utkin, Deputy Director of ANO Platform NTI, calls the introduction of the standard a significant event for the industry. According to him, the document covers a number of important areas, including communications, the Internet of Things, ground infrastructure and orbital groups. Mikhail Kruglov, architect of the IoT direction of the developer of digital solutions and services Softline Digital, believes that the introduction of the standard will have a positive effect on the construction of networks.[3]
2023
Russia approved the standard of the communication protocol for the Internet of Things
On December 22, 2023, the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart) approved the national standard of the LoRaWAN protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT). It is expected that this will contribute to the development of the ecosystem of domestic devices, such as smart meters and sensors, equipment for transport, housing and communal services, industrial enterprises, etc.
The LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Networks) protocol, as noted by Rosstandart, can be used to manage utilities and transport infrastructure, in agriculture, mining and petrochemical industries and other industries. It is characterized by high energy efficiency, the ability to transmit data over long distances, the ability to maintain bidirectional communication, as well as flexible bandwidth adaptation.
The adopted standard defines the network protocol and system architecture of the LoRaWAN network, optimized at the national level for mobile and stationary endpoints. The standard can be used in the implementation of state, municipal and commercial procurement, writing technical and procurement documents, technical specifications, etc.
According to the Vedomosti newspaper, the development of the standard was led by the technical committee 194 of the Cyber Physical System with the participation of the Internet of Things Association (AIV). The document takes into account the specifics of Russian legislation. This ensures compatibility with the global LoRaWAN protocol. Thus, domestic developers can enter foreign markets. The use of the national standard is voluntary. Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade Vasily Shpak says that the approval of the LoRaWAN protocol as GOST "creates the foundation for the development of domestic manufacturers and developers." The document comes into force on July 1, 2024.[4]
The first standard in Russia for the satellite Internet of Things has been developed
In early August 2023, it became known about the creation of the first Internet of Things standard in Russia based on the use of a multi-satellite low-orbit group was developed by employees. This is the development of the Russian Research Institute of Radio named after M.I. Krivosheev (Research Institute of Radio).
According to the press service of the institution, the goal of the project is to offer technical recommendations in order to coordinate the development of the architecture and physical environment of the network infrastructure. It follows from the document describing the standard that it concerns the Internet of Things based on a low-orbit multi-satellite data transmission system (MSDS) integrated with LPWANs (or cellular networks).
It is noted that the created standard establishes general requirements for the low-speed data exchange protocol over satellite communication channels, when low-orbit multi-satellite data transmission systems are used - as a result of which the quality of data exchange in networks with a large number of subscribers will increase, and the process of their transmission from devices to server will become energy efficient.
Is the standard developed taking into account the provision on the procedure for the creation, production and operation of rocket and space systems (RK-11-KT) and the main regulatory position? International Recommendation ITU-T Y.4480 (11/2021) "Low Power Protocol for Global Wireless Networks."
The Research Institute of Radio plans to finalize the standard during September 2023 and submit it to the specialized technical committee for standardization for examination. With a positive conclusion, the document will be sent to the Russian Institute of Standardization for regulatory control and preparation for publication, then - for approval to Rosstandart. All procedures are expected to take place before the end of 2023.[5]
2022: The first industrial Internet of Things standard created by Russia has been approved at the international level
At the international level, the first industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) standard created by Russia has been approved. Its development was carried out on the initiative of Rostelecom on the basis of the Rosstandart technical committee, the Ministry of Industry and Trade reported on February 14, 2022 .
It is noted that the standard adopted by the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC) establishes uniform requirements for the compatibility of various IIoT devices and systems. It is intended to become the basis for the implementation in practice of the concept of smart production and provide opportunities for the promotion of Russian technologies.
As noted in the Ministry of Industry and Trade, due to the lack of uniform standards, manufacturers in the Internet of Things market use their own standards and protocols, as a result of which products are often incompatible with each other. The adoption of the standard solves this problem, customers of IIoT technologies will be able to use solutions and equipment of various developers and manufacturers, as well as conduct correct tests of solutions and equipment for compatibility.
 | Increasing the competitiveness of a domestic manufacturer, accelerating import substitution are impossible without standards, but they are often written without us and not for us. The correction of the first problem is systematically carried out by a number of Russian organizations in partnership with the technical committee 194 "Cyber-physical systems" of Rosstandart. The approval of the first Russian international standard in the field of digital technologies is a serious success, this direction can be a breakthrough for domestic developers, "said Vasily Shpak, Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of Russia. |  |
The introduction of uniform requirements for the compatibility of devices, networks and systems of the industrial Internet of Things in enterprises will allow implementing a heterogeneous system consisting of equipment of various suppliers for each specific enterprise and, thus, will reduce the cost and speed up the introduction of industrial Internet of Things technologies. In addition, the international document takes into account the requirements of all Russian Internet of Things protocols disclosed in the relevant national standards.[6]
2020
Russia has developed the LoRaWAN standard - the most massive IoT technology in the world
At the end of December 2020, it became known about the development in Russia of the LoRaWAN standard - the most massive Internet of Things technology in the world. LoRaWAN RU was created within the framework of the Cyber Physical Systems technical committee with the participation of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, as well as other government agencies and market participants. Read more here.
Developed by GOST for the Internet of Things Protocol NB-Fi
On December 28, 2020, it became known about the development in Russia of the national standard GOST R "Information Technologies. Internet of Things. Wireless data protocol based on narrowband radio signal modulation (NB-Fi). " The document was created within the framework of the technical committee 194 "Cyber-physical systems" on the basis of RVC with the participation of Telematic Solutions LLC and the Internet of Things Association. Read more here.
RVC and Kaspersky Lab have developed standards for the safe Internet of Things
On September 7, 2020, it became known about the development in Russia of national standards for the safe Internet of Things. They were created by the technical committee "Cyber-physical systems" based on RVC and Kaspersky Lab.
Experts have identified standard basic components, terms and definitions used in the implementation of domain-sharing operating systems for the Internet of Things. Domain separation allows making the systems of the rapidly developing Internet of Things cost-effective, functional and information secure, the report said. RBC
According to Andrei Dukhvalov, head of the Advanced Technologies Department at Kaspersky Lab, the architectural approach based on domain separation represents an advanced view of the construction of Internet of Things systems. It will make it possible to take the necessary step towards standardization at the state level of the design, implementation and certification of such systems.
Domain separation technology serves as the basis for designing reliable IT solutions and is implemented, for example, at the level of a trusted operating system.
It is noted that after the approval of national standards, the introduction of procedures for state certification of decisions in the indicated area may follow. Formalization of the basic components of the OS with domain separation will give developers the basis for building reliable IT products, which will subsequently improve the level of security of cyber systems consisting of smart devices, according to RVC.
The representative of the antivirus company emphasized that when developing standards, Kaspersky Lab experts actively interact with both the Technical Committee 194 "Cyber Physical Systems" and the Russian community of developers, "in order to lead to a unified format, the process of creating systems that make people's lives easier and safer."[7]
National standards for the Internet of Things approved in Russia
On August 24, 2020, it became known about the approval of national standards for the Internet of Things, as well as for the industrial Internet of Things and sensor networks. Their development was carried out by the technical committee "Cyber-physical systems" based on RVC with the support of the Ministry of Industry and Trade.
It is argued that thanks to the approved standards, the design and development of various Internet of Things and industrial Internet of Things systems in Russia will be simplified. The development of new products, services and applications for digital systems using IoT and IIoT will not depend on the specific vendor.
Together with the standards of Internet of Things exchange protocols, fundamental standards will be able to enter practical work at all levels: from inclusion in educational courses for specialized specialists to a "ready-made starter package" for independent developers of products and services in the IT market.
| | The growth of the Internet of Things technology market is due to the effective introduction of digital technologies into the Russian industry, the development of high-quality and independent solutions, as well as ensuring their compatibility with each other. This development is supported, among other things, by initiatives within the framework of regulatory legal and technical regulation through the disclosure of technological approaches, as well as the inclusion of protocols in draft international standards. We fully support the activity of the business community in this direction, "said Oleg Bocharov, Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. | |
According to the deputy head of Rosstandart Anton Shalaev, the approved series of standards was the first example of Russian regulatory regulation of the Internet of Things and an important step towards creating a full-fledged ecosystem of digital technologies in the country.[8]
2019
Russian standards of the Internet of Things will become part of the international
Nationally standardized protocols, and Internet of Things (IoT)NB-Fi LoRaWAN RU OpenUNB will be included in the draft international system compatibility standard/. IoTIIoT This decision was made in November 2019 at a meeting of the subcommittee of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Organization for Standardization the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in the field of the Internet of Things, held in. St. Petersburg
As the professor of the Department of Communication Networks and Data Transmission of the St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications named after Prof. M.A. Bonch-Bruevich, head of the Internet of Things Laboratory Ruslan Kirichek, by including its standards in international Russia, the standard shows the whole world that it also develops its own technologies for LPWAN networks at the national level, which can compete with existing technologies and protocols in the world and should be included in international standards on an equal basis with foreign counterparts.
| | It is worth noting that for this type of networks (narrowband wireless communication networks of the Internet of Things), the Ministry of Communications is developing a roadmap that will make it possible to form requirements for the identification of terminal equipment as part of the Internet of Things and industrial Internet of Things systems. Taking into account this specifics, the protocols will require some refinement, - said Ruslan Kirichyok. | |
Note that the LoRaWAN (Low-power Wide-area Network), NB-Fi (Narrow Band Fidelity, wireless data transmission based on narrowband modulation of the radio signal) protocols, along with SigFox (low-speed wireless communication technology of devices in networks with low power consumption) allow you to operate in the unlicensed range of Power-Wide-Wide Infrastructure. At the same time, OpenUNB makes it possible for this infrastructure to work in an unlicensed range. In turn, LPWAN technology allows for energy efficient data transfer over long distances.
Results of the ISO/IEC Subcommittee Meeting in St. Petersburg
According to the RVC on November 28, the meeting of the ISO/IEC subcommittee held in St. Petersburg was its first meeting held in Russia. It was attended by more than 80 international experts from 13 countries of the world - representatives of technology business and scientific and educational organizations, including Siemens, Panasonic, Hitachi, Toshiba, Oracle, Fujitsu, Dell, NIST, Université du Québec, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. The meeting participants, including Russian specialists, worked on 15 international standards in the field of the Internet of things, the industrial Internet of things and related technologies. Experts initiated four new documents, two new technical reports and made serious progress in developing nine more standards.
Among the new standards initiated by the subcommittee:
- "Internet of Things - Information Base for Data Collection and Management of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (u-MIB)"
- "Internet of Things - Interoperability Requirements for IoT-Based Monitoring Systems for Explosive Chemicals (EDC)"
- "Internet of Things - Internet of Things-Based System for Environmental Monitoring"
- "Internet of Things - Universal Trusted Application Programming Interface for Industrial IoT Devices."
Technical reports initiated by the subcommittee were:
- "Internet of Things - An Internet of Things system that describes the dynamics of human social interaction"
- "Internet of Things - A Guide to Applying the Reference Architecture of the Internet of Things to IoT Systems Based on Wearable and Implantable Devices."
During the meeting, the participants also discussed the creation of a typical architecture of the Internet of Things, its security, technology power of attorney, compatibility of relevant standards.
According to Francois Coalier, chairman of the ISO/IEC subcommittee on the Internet of Things, one of his important undertakings was the work on Smart Energy, which started with the participation of the Russian delegation (smart power - approx. TAdviser). In addition, an important result, according to Francois Coalier, was the plans outlined with the participation of Russian specialists in the field of regulation of Digital Agriculture (digital agriculture - approx. TAdviser).
Speaking with TAdviser, Nikita Utkin, chairman of the Cyber Physical Systems shopping center, noted that in the direction of Smart Energy, the subcommittee pays significant attention to the creation of typical (reference) architectures and regulation.
| | The work is based on already approved international standards, for example - "ISO/IEC 30101:2014 Information technologies. Sensor networks. Sensor network and its interfaces for the intelligent system of power systems, "and on the standards being developed, in particular on" ISO/IEC NP 30144 Information technologies. The architecture of the sensor network system for electrical substations, "Nikita Utkin informed. | |
Regarding the work of the subcommittee on Digital Agriculture, he noted that issues in this area had already been raised before the meeting - when creating standards for compatibility, power of attorney, IoT platforms, as well as analyzing engineering Use Cases.
| | During the meeting, work was initiated on a report on trends in the field of the Internet of things and agriculture. Based on the results of work with him, it may be decided to initiate new draft international standards or make additions to existing or developed standards, - said Nikita Utkin. | |
Important for the development of the Russian standardization system by the decision of the meeting, as indicated in the RVC, was the inclusion of nationally standardized protocols of the Internet of Things NB-Fi, LoRaWAN RU and OpenUNB in the draft international standard for the industrial Internet of Things "ISO/IEC 30162 Internet of Things - Requirements and compatibility model for devices in industrial IoT systems."
This event, according to Nikita Utkin, showed that even solutions presented in the form of national standards can be integrated into international standards and continue their development and distribution.
Importance of inclusion of Russian Internet of Things standards draft international standard
According to Ruslan Kirichyok, the protocols designated as included in the draft international standard are in fact not yet standardized, but are under consideration as preliminary standards (PNST).
| | The deadline for considering preliminary standards is three years, and during this time they can be processed taking into account application practice and finally approved, "said Ruslan Kirichyok. | |
Vladimir Shaporov, head of the Telecommunications Solutions Development Center of Technoserv Group, drew TAdiser's attention to the fact that the national specifications LoRaWAN RU are an adaptation of the international open specifications LoRaWAN for Russia. The NB-Fi and OpenUNB protocols, according to the expert, are domestic developments for the transmission of IoT data in ultra-narrowband communication networks (UNB) using LPWAN technology.
| | Thus, the inclusion of LoRaWAN RU specifications in the draft ISO/IEC 30162 standard will allow leading manufacturers, including Russian, to produce equipment for the network and devices, fully standardized for Russia, as well as increase the level of its compatibility. The inclusion of the NB-Fi and OpenUNB protocols in the draft ISO/IEC 30162 standard will make these specifications open. True, this may require their revision after discussion in international working groups. In addition, manufacturers will have the opportunity to produce equipment according to these specifications and, thereby, expand ecosystems for them. Without this, it is impossible to widely use new technologies, - said Vladimir Shaporov. | |
According to Sergey Monin, an expert in the field of solutions for the industrial Internet of Things (Internet of Things) of Softline Group of Companies, the inclusion of Russian protocols in the draft international standard is undoubtedly beneficial for solution manufacturers working on these protocols. It is beneficial because these manufacturers will be able to offer their solutions not only in Russia, but also abroad. So far, according to Sergei Monin, these enterprises are known mainly in Russia and that, only in not very large market niches. If their solutions become the standard, then they will be easier to promote in Europe, Asia and other regions.
| | However, for the part of Russian companies that are guided by international protocols now, the fact of including "new" protocols in the standards will become an insignificant event. Developers of solutions of this kind are guided by the market. Their position is that as soon as the number of devices running on new protocols becomes at least a little significant, they will instantly support them, "Sergei Monin informed. | |
According to Andrey Kanaev, Director of Business Development at Perenio in Eastern Europe, the inclusion of Russian protocols in the draft international standard is a significant leap forward in terms of harmonizing Russian standards with international ones. Thanks to this, as the expert noted, the products produced in Russia will not meet barriers in the European market, since the requirements become the same everywhere.
| | Another effect is that the legislation does not stand still. In particular, changes are constantly being made to standards and regulations in accordance with the development of new technologies. This simplifies the process of certification of new products, since there are already all standards and test methods, laboratories are accredited, which means that new products enter the consumer market faster, "said Andrei Kanaev. | |
At the same time, he pointed out that the Internet of things industry has tremendous growth potential in Russia. The same way the market will develop further depends on the adoption of uniform rules of the game on it. In turn, the emergence of generally accepted international standards will facilitate the interaction of various market participants, including customers and suppliers of technological solutions. Thus, the inclusion of Russian protocols in the draft international standard, according to Andrei Kanaev, can be a good incentive for the creation and development in Russia of a full-fledged market for the Internet of things and related digital technologies and will provide Russian companies with easier access to foreign markets.
Technical Director of PSS. Software "Igor Trofimov drew the attention of TAdviser to the fact that standardization at the level of the state standard allows you to focus the vector of technological development.
| | A single standard in the future reduces the time for the development and implementation of IoT solutions. At the same time, standardization is equally important for both hardware manufacturers and software developers and implementers. But we must not forget that any standard is a limitation. That is why, in the issue of standardization, it is important to maintain a balance of restrictions and the benefits that they allow them to gain by preventing the slowdown in the development of the industry due to standardization, "Igor Trofimov told TAdviser. | |
Underwriters Laboratories
Underwriters Laboratories (UL), a standardization and certification company in the field of safety, proposed its Internet of Things device security standard in 2019.
With permanent missions in 46 countries and more than a hundred services, UL is one of the most respected structures in its field. It has developed safety standards for many different industries, including ecology, construction, industrial equipment, electrical and electronic products, etc.
UL recently published its Internet of Things Security Rating, which assesses "critical security factors for smart products," which records the presence or absence of known vulnerabilities and the resistance of devices to the most typical methods of cyber attacks.
| | "Most hacks are due to weaknesses and known vulnerabilities," UL said in a publication. - As a manufacturer, you should strive to get rid of them and adhere to proven security methods. Only recently have states taken up the security regulation of IoT devices, but they still believe that the initiative should come from the security industry. " | |
NB-IoT Low-Power and Wide-Area Standard, LPWA
From the point of view of versatility, NB-IoT is the most suitable LPWA solution for enterprises in various industries, with which utility meters, monitoring sensors, object tracking systems and a lot of other devices can be connected to the operator's network. Read more here.
NB-Fi (Narrow Band Fidelity) Standard
The Internet Internet of Things (Internet of Things) IoT NB-Fi (Narrow Band Fidelity) is based on a completely Russian technology that allows you to create wireless data exchange networks between many modems, on the one hand, and many base stations, on the other hand.
Development of the Internet of Things in Russia
One of the main trends in the field of the Internet of Things in Russia is the monitoring systems for the effectiveness of the use of core assets. For industry - these are machines, for retail - first of all, trading equipment, for logistics - vehicles and warehouse equipment. Read more here.
Definition of the Internet of Things, its application and development in the world
At the first, not too deep acquaintance with IoT [2], the general idea of the Internet of things and its prospects seemed very attractive. But after several years, with a closer analysis of this topic, certain doubts arose, not least caused by the monstrous marketing hype accompanying IoT. Read more here.
Technical Committee 194 "Cyber-Physical Systems"
Technical Committee 194 "Cyber-Physical Systems" was created on the basis of RVC in 2017. The collegial body acts as a platform for the development of the digital economy and NTI by developing digital technology standards for new promising markets: "Internet of Things," "Big Data," "Smart Cities," "Smart Production." Read more here.
Notes
- ↑ MTS has developed GOST for the Internet of Things
- ↑ " An international standard has been approved, including the principles of Internet of Things power of attorney developed in Russia
- ↑ Satellite Internet of Things has gained the standard
- ↑ Russia approved the standard of the communication protocol for the Internet of Things
- ↑ Satellite Internet of Things will switch to the standard
- ↑ The Ministry of Industry and Trade announced the approval of the first international standard on the Internet of Things
- ↑ Technical Committee "Cyber-Physical Systems" and "Kaspersky Lab" proposed standards for the safe Internet of Things
- ↑ Rosstandart approved the fundamental standards of the Internet of Things
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