Creation of a national IT

ITS as part of the urban environment

At the same time, it is worth noting that the growth of the market is limited by the prevailing competitive conditions, the microelectronic hunger of solution manufacturers, as well as the protracted measures for preparing competitive procedures, says Nikolai Klepikov.

Place of ITS in transport complex management

Ivan Mordanov, Deputy Director for Construction, Operation and Development of Intelligent Transport Systems "Shvabe - Moscow," adds that during work in the regions, the company has repeatedly encountered a situation where an IT product created for transport tasks should be integrated with the city's digital transformation system or housing and communal services system, and at this stage the process is slowed down due to the lack of an open data exchange function for the selected IT solution. In this scenario, the customer may not fully solve the task, losing a fairly significant part of the data, which means that he risks missing those opportunities that allow him to make management decisions as efficiently as possible.

The expert points to two reasons for this state of affairs. First, all ITS users from among the city services should understand that ITS is a common product that is used not only by the direct customer. ITS is a state tool that works with all third-party resources, including residents who want to participate in improving the life of the city, notes Ivan Mordanov.

Secondly, complex systems of the IT scale need to be chosen with an eye to the future, that is, to realize that the system that the region chooses today, it will operate in 10-15 years. This means that as the urban environment develops, the range of tasks to be solved will expand, and user expectations from the functionality of the system will grow. Ivan Mordanov recommends in this regard: the function of open data exchange should be embedded by default in the selected IT solution, then integration with related industry solutions in the future will not result in problems.

As for the IT sector on the main roads, according to Nikolai Klepikov, it is waiting for the implementation of new landmark projects after the completion of construction and the successful launch of the Central Ring Road, M-11. If we talk about the demand for technologies and their priority, now, the expert believes, the main market players are solving the problem of ensuring the priority needs of urban agglomerations with tools for monitoring and managing traffic, public transport and road maintenance. And only in the second stage it is planned to implement elements for ensuring the tasks of centralized collection, processing, validation and analysis of data of the entire transport complex, which implement the functions of predictive analytics and management of the transport complex based on dynamic modeling scenarios.

As soon as both stages of implementation are implemented in large transport networks, IT will be in demand in the segments of integrated logistics and industry, but already in the form of purchased services that allow you to receive or provide transport services much more efficiently, "says Nikolai Klepikov.

Transformation is not about the presence of a digital laboratory, an integrator in the perimeter or a department implementing digital projects. Moreover, transformation is not even about technology, transformation is about culture in the company, first of all. It is impossible or at least extremely ineffective to impose digital tools and digital processes without starting to change corporate habits and customs.

In other words, we are talking about the digital maturity of the entire conglomerate of city customers, on which digital initiatives for the integration of transport and the urban environment are superimposed.

In this part, a smart service for urban management is interesting, which at the end of last year was presented by the Roselectronics holding, which is part of the Rostec state corporation. The platform implementing the service consolidates data from information systems of all city services and in real time displays traffic congestion, repair and construction work, the environmental situation, as well as analyzes data from resource supplying organizations and management companies, photos and videos obtained using space and aerial photography.

Based on the collected information, digital models of urban infrastructure are created in the graphical interface. One of the modules of the system - "Public Transport" - forms an interactive map with the routes and stops of the city, reflects the road situation, reports on the repair work. The platform also allows you to organize a single dispatch center for receiving messages received by various departments of municipalities, resource supplying organizations and management companies from citizens.

Oleg Yevtushenko As the executive director of Rostec said, when developing a smart service, the task was set to simplify the management of the city as much as possible by providing the executive authorities, utilities and citizens with maximum tools for working in the "one window" format. Therefore, the platform was originally created as a highly integrated solution: integration with federal systems,, and POS (Feedback Platforms) Single Public Services Portal GIS HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES EDS is provided. The comprehensive solution includes, in addition to the site, an mobile application Telegramboat administrative panel with the ability to quickly access and monitor data.

Already today, our smart platform allows you to three times reduce the time for executing applications from the population, effectively simulate the development of the urban area, manage all systems and predict the consequences of the proposed changes, "says Oleg Yevtushenko, executive director of Rostec.

According to him, the service is being introduced in Kyshtym and Miass, and other cities of Russia are next in line.

Creation of a national network of ITS on public roads

The creation of intelligent road infrastructure and highly automated transport is proceeding at an active pace in our country. Connected and automated vehicles are already being tested on public roads. However, for the transition from the testing stage to commercial use, it is necessary that new services and systems are compatible both within the Russian Federation and when crossing the borders of the Russian Federation. The formation of a national network of intelligent transport systems will solve this difficult task at the system level.

The national network of intelligent transport systems on public roads is a geographically distributed system consisting of interconnected elements of information and technological, organizational, methodological, personnel, regulatory, legal and regulatory-technical nature, combining the existing and created according to the same rules intelligent transport systems into a single network with optimized topology and a single development plan.

This network should also take into account the emergence of new types of mobility, up to, unmanned vehicles which has already begun to be tested on public roads, and Russia the issues of cross-border digital transparency of cars and transported goods.

Source: Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, March, 2020

Source: the concept of introducing intelligent transport systems in urban agglomerations, "Rosavtodor»

The concept of creating and functioning of the national network of ITS on public roads has already been developed and will soon be adopted.

The prerequisite for this was the accumulated experience in creating ITS in the regions. We see both a positive experience and a negative one. We can highlight various approaches to building ITS and various practices, - says Anton Zhuravlev, President of the Digital Era of Transport Association. - Having accumulated all this knowledge, having an understanding that the further development of ITS should be carried out at the system level, it became necessary to create a conceptual document that would describe key approaches, principles of building intelligent transport systems in our country.

Of course, the expert emphasizes, we are talking about the fact that the national network of ITS in its composition will have regional, integrated intelligent transport systems and the upper-level federal platform of ITS, which will ensure the seamless nature of such systems, will allow them to be connected with each other, and most importantly, ensure the unity of the principles of their creation, functioning and operation.

At the same time, Anton Zhuravlev emphasizes that the creation of a national network of ITS is not at all the creation of any one huge federal center for collecting information from transport infrastructure, managing from the center.

Not at all. The key task of the national network of ITS at the level of the federal center is to collect from regional IT exactly the information that is necessary for the federal center in terms of analytical awareness, in understanding socio-economic processes based on transport demand and transportation, both passengers and cargo, and further formations of forecast transport models and the development of transport infrastructure in general, - says Anton Zhuravlev.

In other words, the goal of the federal platform is not to manage traffic lights from Moscow in any city in our country, but to take over only the layer of information that will allow at the upper level to form a holistic picture of the development of transport infrastructure and transport in general. And the operational management of the IT of the specifically taken agglomeration remains with the region itself, - he explains.

Structure of ITS national network

In the structure of the national network of intelligent transport systems, two components can be distinguished: technological and supporting segments.

The providing segment contains four elements:

• Regulatory regulation of ITS all-sphere.
• Competence center in the field of ITS.
• Test areas of ITS.
• Personnel support in the field of ITS.

In the technological segment of the national IT network, four elements are also distinguished:

• Federal platform of the national network of ITS.
• Intelligent transport systems.
• Communication environment of the national network of ITS.
• Ensuring information security and reliability of functioning of the national network of ITS and its process elements.

Federal platform of the national network of ITS (FP ITS)

ITS FP is a digital platform implemented as an open hardware and software environment that ensures the integration of technological elements of the national IT network, their data, services and resources into a single network model and acts as an intelligent core of distributed control processes, guaranteeing architectural unity and compatibility (interoperability) of technological elements of the national IT network.

The main tasks solved using the federal platform of the national network include, in particular:

• formation of a unified information and semantic environment, unification of access interfaces, compatibility of technological elements of the national network of ITS by interaction formats;
• cooperation and coordination of the information and technological interaction in real time by the IT of federal public roads and ITS of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, through the territory of which federal public roads pass;
• creation of conditions for development and support of basic digital services - system, application and access services - for support of network communication environment, solution of application problems in terms of statistical and analytical processing of information and organization of external information interaction.

Basic functionality of ITS FP includes:

• information support for making strategic management decisions in the road transport sphere at the level of the Russian Federation through analytical processing of data received from ITS included in the national network of ITS;
• formation of consolidated statistical reporting and calculation of forecast indicators of functioning and development of the road transport complex of the Russian Federation in terms of development and efficiency of intelligent road transport infrastructure;
• provision of interdepartmental and interstate information and telecommunication interaction of the national network of ITS at the level of the federal platform of the national network of ITS and at the level of ITS, which are part of the national network of ITS.

At the same time, the tasks solved by the federal platform of the national IT network should not violate the independence and autonomy of the ITs that are part of the national IT network as technological elements, and should not affect their internal structure, functions, as well as confidential data and knowledge generated during work. Therefore, the concept of creating a national IT states that its formation and functioning is carried out on the principles of the unity of information and technological, organizational, methodological, personnel, regulatory, legal and regulatory technical requirements for the national IT network.

Source: ROSDORNII, October, 2021

The digital platform will combine data, services and resources of the national IT network and will act as an intelligent core of distributed transport complex management processes. But first it will be necessary to create, as well as create/finalize regional platforms, - the expert notes.

Intelligent Transport Systems

ITS architecture as part of the process element "Intelligent Transport Systems" shall include the following levels:

• ITS integration platform (with the possibility of implementing a geographically distributed configuration);
• complex subsystems of ITS;
• instrument subsystems of ITS;
• peripheral equipment;
• telecommunication infrastructure;
• solutions, including hardware and software, in terms of information security and fault tolerance of ITS.

The technological element "Intelligent Transport Systems" includes ITS of federal public roads and ITS of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, including ITS of urban agglomerations).

Source: National Telematic Systems Concern

The connection of the regional ITN or ITN of the federal public highway to the national ITN network should be carried out in accordance with the Accession Rules by using a special gateway that ensures the binding of the ITN integration platform to the federal platform of the national ITN network and the communication environment of the national ITN network, taking into account the requirements for information security and compatibility.

Communication environment of the national IT network

The highest requirements in terms of safety, reliability and speed of information transmission are imposed on the characteristics of the communication environment of the IT, which provides data exchange with peripheral equipment and highly automated vehicles (VATS) during its movement. This communication environment must meet other requirements, given the unlimited number of interacting entities and the high traffic load per unit time, which requires the creation of its own high-speed and highly reliable communication environment.

The integrated communication environment of ITS uses services of coordinate-time and navigation support systems, including satellite systems and stations for differential correction of the GNSS GLONASS signal, which transmit telemetric data used in digital services and electronic services provided by ITS.

Potential problems of creating a national network of ITS

In the Russian Federation, there are intelligent transport systems of urban agglomerations, intelligent transport systems of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, intelligent transport systems on federal roads, for the construction and operation of which the Federal Road Agency is responsible, and intelligent transport systems on federal roads, for the construction and operation of which the state company "Russian Highways" is responsible,- he explains. - The creation and development of these systems, as a rule, is carried out autonomously, without any regard for those technologies and approaches that are implemented in the neighboring region or on the section of the federal highway passing through the territory of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

Sometimes it is easier and faster to build your own weather monitoring station than to try to get the necessary information from the same station located nearby, but functioning as part of another IT, "writes Mikhail Belov in his article in the journal" Intelligent Transport Systems of Russia. "

We need to define uniform principles of ITS construction to ensure the subsequent accumulation and integration of all local projects into one information system consisting of various types of blocks. This is a single living organism that should consist of various kinds of subsystems.

Target indicators of ITS efficiency of the agglomeration road network

This happens partly due to methodological and technological misunderstanding by the heads of subjects and technical specialists of the correctness of the introduction of systems in full, qualified operation, - he notes.

The better the concept of creating a national ITS network is developed initially, the less risks there will be later: in terms of integration, and in terms of modernization, both software and "iron," says Andrei Prokhorov, director of the Simetra branch (A + C transproekt LLC) in Moscow.

In his opinion, the main question of the project under consideration is whether within the framework of the document on the national network of ITS or within the framework of other legislative acts, GOSTs, uniform standards for data formats and structures, as well as formats, structures and protocols for data exchange in ITS will be developed.

The issue of standardization in the field of ITS is, indeed, quite acute, - confirms Anton Zhuravlev. - Today, technologies are seriously ahead of the regulatory framework that is in force now. Therefore, a priority program for standardization in the field of ITS until 2026 will soon be adopted, within the framework of which work should be actively carried out on writing a list of standards, GOSTs and other regulatory documents that accompanied, provided and would contribute to the effective implementation of ITS.

At the same time, the President of the Digital Era of Transport Association emphasizes that standardization is, first of all, the issue of introducing ITS in the regions, and not at the national level, because the federal platform and the national ITS network are the result of the unification of all ITSs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Standardization, first of all, should cover the field of instrumental subsystems of peripheral equipment, data transfer systems and data transfer protocol - everything related to instrumental data collection and the use of data transfer protocols, explains Anton Zhuravlev. - From the point of view of the IT infrastructure, it can certainly be from different manufacturers, the main requirement is critically protected. We are not talking about a federal unified IT solution, since it is always expensive, difficult, and it is pointless and inappropriate to create such a colossus in our country.

Expected results and immediate prospects

In terms of technology, the national IT network should provide systemic support for the development, implementation and widespread use of ITS technologies in the Russian Federation, the formation of a vector of their further development, optimization of the terms and resources necessary to achieve the current level of maturity in this area. This will be achieved, among other things, on the basis of:

• establishment of uniform requirements harmonized with international requirements for the intelligent transport system as a technological element of the national network of ITS;
• ability to create ITS by using standard and "cloud" solutions placed on the resources of the federal ITS platform;
• using the computing and technological resource of the federal platform of the national network of ITS in order to ensure fault tolerance, redundancy and interchangeability of computing and technological capacities and individual components of any IT that is part of the national network of ITS;
• ensuring seamless integration of all elements of the national network of ITS and their interoperability at the interstate level.

The next step towards the development of intelligent transport systems, according to Mikhail Belov, will be the creation of cooperative intelligent transport systems that are not limited only to the task of managing traffic flows: they include components such as a dynamic digital traffic map and a highly automated vehicle itself. In turn, the interaction between the intelligent transport system and the VATS significantly increases road safety, since it helps the driver to make the right decision and adapt to the road transport situation. However, such a step involves significant work to standardize the interfaces of interaction between the IT and the on-board device of the car.

In the conditions of the formation of inherently autonomous ITs in each of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it seems almost impossible to provide comfortable use of intelligent road infrastructure services, says Mikhail Belov.

In fact, there are only two ways out of this situation: either put the decision burden on the end user - the owner or driver of the vehicle (but this is an ineffective and unsafe solution) or ensure that intelligent transport systems are interoperable at the level of public policy implementation. The second path has already been chosen, for example, by the EU countries, and Russia needs to move on to active actions to create a national network of intelligent transport systems, I am sure the deputy head of the department of intelligent transport systems of FAU ROSDORNII.

Regulation of ITS

Since the introduction of ITS is underway simultaneously throughout the country, we hope that in the near future the methodological recommendations of Rosavtodor will be corrected, taking into account the mistakes made at the first stages, says Alexander Semkin. - It is already obvious that it is necessary to make it easier to interpret the concepts of certain subsystems, since in fact, many of them work only in a single bundle. And separating them leads to duplication of functions, redundancy and unnecessary difficulties in the implementation of projects directly "on the ground."

This will increase the efficiency and quality of transport services for Russian citizens. And the same incentive is the main content of the next stage of the development of the ITS complex.

All ITS market participants are waiting for the development and adoption of GOSTs, since their absence generates technical "chaos" when implementing projects: now the technical aspects can be interpreted very ambiguously, and this is wrong. We believe that restoring order in this area is a priority task for the regulator, - believes Alexander Semkin.

Despite the progressive movement forward, until recently, the development of ITS in Russia was hindered by a significant factor - an extremely low level of provision with standards, standards, methodological recommendations, which experts have repeatedly pointed out. The current GOSTs were developed almost 10 years ago, therefore they require a radical revision, including due to the development of technologies.

Our work to update the problem of standardization of intelligent transport systems has borne fruit, and the process has finally moved off the ground: a priority program for standardization of ITS until 2026 has been developed.

The key feature of Russia's work on the regulatory framework in this area is its public discussion with the expert community, so we can safely say that the composition and quality of these documents will be high, since they have passed through a sieve of opinions of regions and business, emphasizes Anton Zhuravlev.

2022 is the year of the expected completion of a number of large IT projects launched in 2020 with a three-year summer implementation cycle. Of course, the fundamental driver of ITS development will be the development of the federal project "System-wide measures for the development of roads" of the national project "Safe and high-quality roads." The restraining factors will continue to be: limited microelectronic component base, personnel and regulatory insufficiency (lack of availability of the proper level of regulatory and technical documentation on ITS elements), as well as a lack of competent technical specialists on the side of customers and operators of ITS systems.

With the regulatory and technical framework, I believe, we can expect progress, taking into account the fact of the direct order of the President of the Russian Federation by the end of the year to work out the standards for the availability of infrastructure for new technologies of the Internet of Things, unmanned vehicles, as well as the availability of an industry promising standardization program in the field of ITS for the period until 2026.

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