Programmer

By mistake, a programmer is sometimes called a system administrator and other IT specialists.

Qualification requirements

2022:66% of developers and programmers do not have a specialized higher education

According to the resume database of the Russian online recruiting platform hh.ru for 2022, 66% (or 170 thousand) of developers and programmers among men do not have specialized higher education, the presence of specialized higher education is found only in every third. Such data from TAdviser on September 26, 2022 were shared by HeadHunter based on the results of a study, in which data from the resume of 813 thousand developers and 2.7 million of all those employed in IT were analyzed. Read more here.

2006: IT qualification requirements created for the "Programmer" profession

In the Russian Federation, in accordance with the decision of the meeting of June 5, 2006 of the IT Council under the Minister of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation, with the organizational support of the Ministry of Information Communications of the Russian Federation and the Association of Computer and Information Technology Enterprises (AP KIT), the project was carried out the purpose of which was to form professional standards for the most popular and demanded professions in the field of IT, describing positions, professional competencies, requirements for educational levels, work experience and certification in accordance with qualification levels.

Financial support and other assistance to the project was provided by leading IT companies IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Yandex, 1C and many others.

As a result of the work, Qualification Requirements (professional standard) in the field of information technology for the profession "Programmer" were created.

Salaries of programmers in Russia

Шаблон:Main 'Salaries of programmers in Russia

Cost of hour of programmer's work

Шаблон:Main 'Cost of programmer's hour

Information System Lifecycle

IT business analysts can take part in the life cycle of IP, which clarify the exact requirements of the customer, architects who develop the structure and functions of IC, mathematicians who formalize the verbal description of IC functions into algorithms, programmers who convert mathematical algorithms into program code, testers who create all kinds of input combinations in order to find errors in the IC, maintenance specialists who acquaint users with the operation of the IC and "on the knees" solve small problems of installing the IC, system administrators who support the functioning of the IC and solve the "technical" problems of users.

It is very common for a programmer to combine the roles of other creators of IP, while giving respect to this profession, he is still called a programmer.

Specialization of programmers

As a specialist, the programmer specializes in a subject area that covers knowledge and skills that one person can master qualitatively. The breadth of the subject area and the quality of skills for the programmer are individual. And they depend on labor experience, intelligence, innate inclinations, willpower, social fence and the situation of vacancies of programmers. Some programmer specializations are listed below.

• 1C Programmer.
• Web developer.
• Delphi programmer.
• Visual Basic programmer.
• Programmer .NET.
• Java programmer.
• C++ programmer.
• Database programmer (SQL, languages ​ ​ working with databases: Visual FoxPro, FoxBase, Dbase, Oracle and others).
• Programmer-tester.
• Programmer (Chief Architect of the project).
• Programmer [of microcontrollers.

At the dawn of the computer industry, the division into applied and system programmers was relevant. If the first created software for end users. Then system programmers created software tools to support applied programmers: operating systems, compilers, standard libraries and drivers.

In-demand skills of programmers

In a constantly changing IT market, working the required number of hours and conscientiously doing your job may not be enough. You need to stand out and be a versatile specialist. In 2017, the most reliable advantage will be for those who have the most demanded knowledge and skills, and also help their employer keep up with the drivers in technology and business that transform many industries. The skills that businesses need from programmers often change: what was in great demand a year ago today can sideline trendy programming languages, tools or platforms. San Francisco-based professional suitability testing firm Triplebyte, using its own analytics platform and data archives, assesses the abilities of thousands of programmers each year and brings them together with employers. Triplebyte CEO and founder Harj Taggar told what qualifications enterprises from programmers need now.

Product developers. Successful product developers are engaged in solving problems that bring maximum business benefits. Engineers are most often driven by the desire to work on the most interesting technical problems, but the process of creating software itself is becoming easier, so it is now more important for companies to think about what solutions the customers of these companies need first of all^[1].

Scaling web systems. The largest software companies are increasingly releasing web applications. They are easy and fast to prototype, but much harder to scale. Companies are looking for such engineers who can take a basic web application and expand it to millions of users. A deep understanding of the database architecture is especially useful here.

Participation in Open Source projects. As the volume of code freely available on sites like GitHub grows, companies are increasingly interested in applicants who have participated in open projects in the past or put their own code into the public domain. Such actions testify to their working enthusiasm and favorably distinguish them from other applicants.

Training in online courses. Engineers who have completed self-training courses on sites such as Coursera for Business or Udacity show curiosity and a desire to move forward. However, engineers should not impersonate experts in any field just because they have taken one online course.

Mobile software development: iOS and Android. In any company, the issue of developing a mobile strategy is becoming more and more acute. This has increased the demand for mobile application programmers, especially for iOS and Android. Engineers who have something to brag about in this regard, even if we are talking about personal projects, will be much more in demand.

Technical communication skills. There is a huge demand for people with good technical communication skills, as the ability to explain something intelligibly increases the overall productivity of the entire department. This does not mean that a person should be just friendly and confident. This means that he can clearly and clearly convey complex ideas to colleagues.

Practical code-writing skills. Companies do not need engineers who only talk about what the code should be - they need those who will demonstrate that they themselves can write it. Because of this, the procedure for conducting technical interviews has changed. More and more companies prefer to give the applicant a laptop instead of standard interviews at the board and ask him to compile something in a couple of hours.

Programmer management. Strictly speaking, this is not a technical skill, but as companies grow, they need engineers who can stimulate their colleagues to work faster and better. There is a great demand for engineers who do not miss the opportunity to train novice programmers and lead their team.

Programmer's tools

• IDE is an integrated development environment, notable examples of which are Delphi and Visual Basic, which are studied in universities of the Russian Federation.
• SDK and DDK are a software development tool.
• DDK is a driver development tool.
• A compiler that translates source code understandable to the programmer into a machine language understandable to the CPU or virtual machine, or an interpreter that executes the program code itself.
• Debugger, also called debugger. The debugger participates in the search for errors, demonstrating in detail the change in time in the properties of the computer, such as various variables, stack, memory, processor registers, and the CPU state word.
• A linker that collects compiled files and static libraries into an executable file whose structure is understandable to the operating system.

See also - Application Development Tools

Job satisfaction

2018:72% of young IT professionals ready to return to Russia after working abroad

According to the survey "The labor market through the eyes of young IT specialists" conducted by the international personnel agency Kelly Services Si-I-Es (Kelly) in March-April 2018, young IT specialists are interested in gaining international work experience - those among respondents 65%, but at the same time the overwhelming majority of them (72%) plan to return to Russia, having worked abroad.

In total, 502 respondents from the field of information technology took part in the survey. 91% of respondents received basic education in Russia and only 9% - basic or additional education abroad. Most of the respondents are employees under the age of 28 (87%) with higher education (82%). More than half of respondents (58%) have experience of work from three years, 28% - without experience. 31% is engaged in software development, 24% - IT support, 11% - software testing, 11% - project management, etc.

According to Kelly Services, most employers (54%) consider IT specialists the most in demand in the labor market. For their part, young IT professionals have high demands on the first employer. So, 76% of them believe that in the first place of work should not be delayed for longer than 3 years. 13% even believe that it is worth working at the first job for no more than a year, and only 11% are ready to work for more than three years.

At the same time, in the first year of work from the employer, the majority of respondents are waiting for the induction program (68%), specialized trainings (58%), the help of a personal mentor (46%), etc.

Fig. 1. Your expectations from the employer in the first year of work?

Listing the mandatory components of the social package, young employees allocate VHI (31%), food costs (19%) and trainings for employees (16%).

Fig. 2. What must be included in the social package without fail?

As for income, at the current place of work for a third of young IT specialists, it does not exceed 50 thousand rubles (33%), 39% earn from 50 to 100 thousand rubles another 18% - from 100 to 150 thousand rubles. Only 8% receive a salary above 150 thousand rubles, according to the Kelly Services report.

When switching to a new job, the majority of respondents expect an increase of 20% (35% of respondents) and 30% (29% of respondents). 15% of specialists are waiting for a salary increase of two times or more, 11% agree to an increase of 10%, and 10% are ready to go to an interesting job with the same salary.

Kelly Services also found out which job format is most attractive to job seekers. Half of the respondents (49%) prefer work in the office, but with a flexible schedule. 26% are ready to agree to office work, but with the possibility of free visits on any day, 18% agree to office work on a strict schedule and only 7% consider the possibility of completely remote employment. At the same time, the vast majority prefer a permanent labor contract (85%) and only 4% are ready to work on freelance.

As respondents expressed interest in gaining experience abroad, Kelly Services suggested that any foreign country in which they would prefer to work should be indicated. The vast majority chose the United States, followed by Germany, Great Britain, Canada, Czech Republic, Spain, etc.

The majority of respondents have sufficient knowledge of English to improve their knowledge of IT in English: more than half (55%) have it at the intermediate level, 27% - advanced.

As reasons for building an international career, most IT professionals cited valuable experience in another country/international team (82%), higher salaries (73%) and interesting career opportunities (60%).

Fig.3 Why would you like to work abroad?

Meanwhile, 20% of respondents want to leave for personal reasons, while 12% are for political reasons, 4% are not satisfied with the climate, and another 4% are planning a further change of residence.

2011: Programmers No. 2 in terms of satisfaction with their profession in Russia

In January 2011, the research center of the recruiting portal Superjob found out which professions among Russians are most satisfied with their work. According to the center, when choosing a profession, not only high wages play a significant role for Russians, but also the desire for implementation in a certain area, to which "the soul lies."

As it turned out, the most successful in this regard are architects. According to 64% of modern architects, unequivocally satisfied with what they are doing, most of all in the once chosen profession they are impressed by the possibility of realizing creative potential and decent earnings.

Programmers (61%) turned out to be the second most satisfied with their profession, the main priorities of which are also adequate remuneration and sincere interest in work. Read more here.

Sports programming

Main article: Sports programming

Subculture of programmers

Slang and Jargon

Among programmers, you can hear rich computer jargon, which arises from the need to often use complex words. You can also hear from programmers "rapist" or "Zionist," "asthmatic," "makrushnik" - more specific jargon that is incomprehensible to other IT specialists. The words given mean "C programmer," "assembler programmer" and "macro assembler programmer," respectively.

A hacker is called both a talented programmer (the original meaning of the word) and a computer cracker. In society, sometimes a hacker is called any keen IT specialist. Which can be perceived as an error or another load of the meaning of the word hacker.

Jokes about programmers

There are also many jokes about programmers that ridicule their isolation from life realities, a theoretical and strictly logical mindset (the image of a programmer largely inherits the image of a physicist).

Programmer vacancies

2020: The most popular jobs for programmers named

The personnel agency COWES on September 15, 2020 shared TAdviser with statistics on internal sources over the past 2.5 years and on one of the most popular vacancies of programmers.

Statistics on the number of vacancies in Moscow (based on internal sources of the personnel agency KAUS)

As can be seen from the presented graph, the market in Moscow is quite stable, with the exception of the last half of the year. It grows a lot, then falls a lot. At the same time, from the international statistics of Stack Overflow it is clear that the demand for developers in the world is growing. Languages ​ ​ such as Python, JavaScript are in the top of international ratings. While in Moscow, indicators are falling. From which we can conclude that this is an internal temporary feature of the market in Moscow, associated with the economic situation in Russia.

Programmer C# (.NET). With the exception of the last 6 months, the C# developers have a stable demand.

Java programmer. The demand for Java developers is characterized as stable, even despite the crisis conditions of the market. Which is not surprising, since demand has been going on for more than one year and finding developers seems like a difficult task.

Python programmer. The programming language, although not young, is popular, as well as an extensive community. It is easy to learn and widely applicable in, education making it very popular and maintaining its annual growth.

PHP programmer. The language remains stable growth, with the exception of the last 6 months, despite the fact that about 90% of the Internet is written on it. As you can see from the graph, it was also influenced by the structural circumstances of the market.

JavaScript programmer. On the modern Internet, no self-respecting company can do without the complex and beautiful functionality of web pages. Accordingly, the demand for front-end developers is steadily growing, although it is influenced by the current state of the market.

In connection with the spread of the coronavirus, the pressure and burden on IT specialists, heads of IT departments has increased. In many ways, IT departments have addressed the problems of surviving a business in a crisis. Specialists are forced to accelerate projects for the implementation of digital technologies, establish remote work channels for a large number of employees, manage the network, and maintain security. Companies were forced to adapt to existing realities, launch digital services, applications. IT specialists had to implement large projects as soon as possible: without the possibility of long-term planning, comprehensive concept testing.

Other problems that employees in the IT field had to face (and often in remote mode of work):

• uncontrolled peak bursts of traffic on websites and in applications;
• Expanding customer self-service and digital sales capabilities
• Maintain the average time to recover from a failure.

The consequences of the pandemic for the labor market in IT include:

• perception of IT departments in organizations as more significant;
• inflow of investments in technology, training and development of IT specialists;
• IT specialists began to perform tasks that they did not have to deal with before;
• preserved increased load;
• Growing demand for software developers
• growing demand for experts on, Big Data the need for VRAR organizers/-translations - theaters, concert halls and show business will need specialists who can digitize content.

The review is based on data a fresh 2020 Stack Overflow Developer Survey. In 2020, about 65,000 people took the survey. Such a representative sample allows you to better understand trends in IT.

Types of developers (according to the 2020 Stack Overflow Developer Survey)

About 55% of respondents consider themselves full-stack developers and about 20% of respondents - developers of mobile applications. The most common combinations include server, interface, and full-stack developers.

Highly correlated pairs:

• database administrator and system administrator,
• DevOps specialist and site reliability engineer,
• academic researcher and scientist,
• as well as the designer and developer of the front-end.

Most popular and frequently used programming languages: (according to the 2020 Stack Overflow Developer Survey)

For the 8th year in a row, JavaScript has retained leadership as the most commonly used programming language. Moving down the list, you can also see a moderate increase for TypeScript and a decrease in the popularity of the C language. The rating of Ruby, which entered the top 10 of this list in 2017, decreased in 2020. Its place was taken by more modern technologies - Go and Kotlin.

Web Frameworks: (According to the 2020 Stack Overflow Developer Survey)

Focusing exclusively on web frameworks, you can see that jQuery is still the leader, but gradually gives way to React.js and Angular every year. Some consolidation can be traced as more than 35% of respondents use jQuery, React, a version of Angular (combining Angular, which represents Angular 2 + and Angular.js) or a variation of ASP.NET (ASP.NET or ASP.NET Core).

Employment: (According to the 2020 Stack Overflow Developer Survey)

More than 79% of developers work at least part-time. Approximately 12% of all respondents say they are students.

Technology Correlation: (According to the 2020 Stack Overflow Developer Survey)

The technologies have been combined into several separate "ecosystems," which tend to be used by the same developers. This scheme demonstrates which technologies are most closely related to each other.

As in 2019, a large cluster of web development technologies is visible, connected via SQL to Microsoft technologies, as well as a cluster of operating technologies connected to the Python ecosystem network via Linux.

According to the results of the analysis of the labor market in the IT industry, experts of the personnel agency "KAUS-IT" compiled a rating of the most popular and most difficult to close.

The top 5 most popular positions in IT in 2020:

• Java programmer
• Programmer 1C
• JavaScript programmer
• C# Programmer (.NET)
• PHP programmer

The top 5 most difficult to close areas in the IT industry in 2020:

• Android programmer (mobile development)
• Java programmer
• C# Programmer (.NET)
• Swift Programmer (ObC)
• JavaScript programmer

See also

• Application Development Tools - Product and Project Catalog
• Programmer
• Programmer's Day
• Programmer cemeteries. Why not all IT people want to work for corporations
• Site developers (contacts of programmers)
• HackerRank Programmer Rating
• Cost of hour of programmer's work
• Salaries of programmers in Russia
• Impostor syndrome in IT