Blood test

Main article: Human blood

Blood glucose monitoring

Main article: Blood glucose monitoring systems

Error risks

Incorrect determination of the boundaries between serum fractions in the tube

In 2023, at the stage of preliminary preparation of the material, after centrifugation - separation of serum into fractions, aliquoting is carried out, that is, liquid is poured from the primary tube into several. In this case, the pipette for taking blood directly for analysis must be immersed at different depths, depending on the level of boundaries between the fractions. Often, at this stage, due to the human factor, errors arise that significantly reduce the quality of research. Poor quality laboratory testing in addition to the need to re-draw blood can lead to an incorrect diagnosis.

Scientists of NUST MISIS together with colleagues from BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov and NITSEM named after N.F. Gamalei are developing a robotic system based on machine vision, which, during the preparation of the material for blood analysis, will automatically determine the level of boundaries between serum fractions in the test tube. The development of scientists will speed up laboratory research and reduce the likelihood of errors. They plan to continue the research in order to organize the control of interacting robots, one of which must take a test tube with biomaterial from the tripod, move it to the work zone, wait for the plasma to be taken and install the test tube in the other tripod. The second robot must take plasma, dispense it in small tubes, get rid of the replaceable tip and install a new one. At all stages, where it is necessary to accurately position the robot over an object whose location is not known in advance, it is assumed to use machine vision.

2024: First Russian hematological analyzer put into clinical practice

On February 1, 2024, it became known about the commissioning of the Yenisei automatic hematological analyzer. The equipment began to be used in the laboratory diagnostics department of the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (SOKB No. 1). Read more here.

2023

A blood test has been developed showing which organs in a person will fail first

On December 6, 2023, American researchers from Stanford University announced the development of a new technology to predict organ failure during aging of the human body. The method is based on a blood test.

It is estimated that about one in five relatively healthy adults aged 50 years and older have at least one organ aging at a significantly accelerated rate. Thus, it is more likely that this particular organ will cause serious health problems. With information at their disposal about the rate of aging of individual structures, doctors will be able to prescribe the necessary therapy in advance to prevent diseases - long before clinical symptoms appear.

A blood test has been developed that predicts organ failure

As part of the study, experts estimated levels of almost 5,000 proteins in the blood of approximately 1,400 healthy people aged 20 to 90 years. Next, 858 proteins were identified that reliably predict the biological age of 11 key organs or systems: heart, adipose tissue, lung, immune system, kidney, liver, muscle, pancreas, brain, vascular system and intestine.

It turned out that in 18.4% of people aged 50 years and older, at least one organ aged much faster than others. Scientists have found that such people are at increased risk of the disease of this particular organ over the next 15 years. Moreover, about 1 in 60 people in the study had two organs that aged faster than the rest. Experts emphasize that the risk of mortality in this group is 6.5 times higher than in people without any intensely aging organs. It has also been established that in people with accelerated heart aging, but initially not showing active disease or clinically abnormal biomarkers, the risk of heart failure is 2.5 times higher than in people with a normally aging heart.^[1]

A device for collecting blood from a finger outside medical institutions came out

On December 7, 2023, healthcare science and technology company Babson Diagnostics unveiled a device called BetterWay for taking blood from a finger outside medical facilities. The system is said to allow blood testing of non-specialists in convenient places without compromising the quality, accuracy and set of tests. Read more here.

Genetic pathologies in the fetus are now detected by a blood test - you no longer need to pierce the mother's womb

On November 22, 2023, American specialists from Massachusetts General Hospital and the Broad Institute announced the development of a new non-invasive method for testing pregnant women to detect genetic pathologies in the fetus. To conduct the test, it is enough to take a blood sample - it is not necessary to pierce the mother's womb. Read more here.

Russian device for automatic collection of venous blood released

July 20, 2023 The First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University) announced the development of an AutoHem apparatus for the automatic collection of venous blood. Read more here.

A device connected to a smartphone for measuring potassium in blood at home has been released

On May 31, 2023, CardioRenal France Tenor blood the company based in announced an advanced system for measuring potassium at home. More. here

The blood test of a pregnant woman can now assess the risks of autism in a child

In mid-April 2023, scientists from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health developed a technology in which a pregnant woman's blood test can assess the risks of autism in a child. Read more here.

Test developed for a thousand tests of one drop of blood

In mid-January 2023, American researchers from the Stanford University School of Medicine spoke about the development of technology to obtain comprehensive information about the patient's health based on a blood drop test.

The project is led by Michael Snyder, head of the Department of Genetics. It is noted that usually at least 10 ml of samples are required for a comprehensive blood test, which makes frequent fences burdensome and uncomfortable for patients. Because of this, repeated tests can be delayed for months. At the same time, taking a small amount of blood from the finger will increase the frequency of tests, which will help medical workers to timely identify deviations from the norm that indicate the possible development of certain diseases. But research suggests that existing technologies, such as the dry spot method, allow a limited number of blood molecules to be analyzed and have problems reproducing results.

Test developed for a thousand tests of one drop of blood

Experts from Stanford University tried to bypass these restrictions. Scientists monitored the metabolic and immune responses of the body after eating. At the same time, thousands of changes at the molecular level were quantified, which were recorded in a particular person for one week. It is said that a blood sample with a volume of only 10 µL is enough to conduct such an analysis using a specialized Mitra device.

Snyder formed two companies to commercialize the study's findings. One of them, Rhythm, is working by March 2023 to find markers for the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of COVID-19, as well as chronic fatigue syndromes. Another start-up, Iollo, is preparing to bring a consumer test to market for more than 500 metabolites.^[2]

Abbott Releases First Laboratory System That Evaluates Traumatic Brain Injuries by Blood Test in 18 Minutes

On March 7, 2023, Abbott unveiled, according to the developers, the world's first laboratory system to quickly detect concussion from a blood test. Read more here.

Presented a simple and inexpensive device that finds tumor cells in the blood

In late February 2023, researchers at the University of Technology in Sydney unveiled the Static Droplet Microfluidic device to detect tumours with a blood test. Read more here.

2022

New high-precision test diagnoses liver cancer by blood test

In mid-November 2022, artificial intelligence blood testing technology developed and used by Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center researchers to successfully detect cancer now identifies more than 80% of cases. Read more here.

In Ufa, launched the production of consumables for blood analyzers for 50 million rubles

At the end of May 2022, the Astra Research and Production Center (SPC) launched a production line for the production of plastic consumables for blood clotting analyzers in the BashInvest industrial park in Ufa. About 50 million rubles were invested in this joint project with the Ordamed group (it purchased machines and equipment for the production of medical devices). Read more here.

Portable blood ammonia detection device released in minutes

In early March 2022, Aza Technology introduced a device for rapid monitoring of ammonia. It was created in conjunction with Stanford University and Stanford Hospital to detect hyperammonemia. Read more here.

2021: A device for self-sampling of blood has been released. It is attached to the shoulder

In December 2021, it became known about the release of Tasso OnDemand devices, which can collect blood without the need to visit a doctor. For the commercial implementation of the project, the manufacturer attracted $100 million in investments. Read more here.

Notes