Czech Republic

Main article: Countries of the world

Climate

Main article: Climate in Europe

Population

Main article: Population of the Czech Republic

Cities

• Prague

Citizenship and residence permit

2019: Number of permits with a residence permit per 1,000 Czech residents

Passport strength

President and Parliament

2023: Petr Pavel's election as Czech president

Army General in Reserve and former Chairman of the NATO Military Committee Petr Pavel won the presidential election in the Czech Republic. This was announced at the end of January 2023 by Czech television. Read more here.

2022: Proportion of women in Parliament

Foreign policy

The Czech Republic is a member of the Three Seas Initiative, aimed at countering Russia.

2022: Release of $0.34 billion in military aid to Ukraine

2018: One party advocates cooperation with Russia

Armed Forces

2024: Agreement to purchase 24 F-35 fighters from the United States by 2031 for about $14 billion

In January 2024, it was announced that the Czech Republic would purchase 24 F-35 fighters from the United States. According to the signed agreement, the first aircraft will arrive in 2031.

The total amount of the transaction is unknown, but is estimated at $14.1 billion. The Czechs planned to issue a contract back in 2023. They will pay for aircraft, pilot training, ammunition and other expenses. Also, the money will be needed to finance the modernization of the ​​Chaslav airbase.

Industrial cooperation is also an integral part of the contract, the agreement on which was concluded by the senior director of the industrial cooperation department Radka Konderlova. There are 11 projects with Lockheed Martin and 3 projects with Pratt & Whitney, in which 13 Czech companies and universities will take part. They will be involved in four areas: component production, research and development, training and maintenance of pilots, as well as repair of the F-35.

At this time To Europe , there is only one F-35 pilot training center in Sardinia, in. Italy

2023

Defense spending - 1.5% of GDP

Delivery of 62 tanks and other heavy equipment to Ukraine

In April 2023, the Czech Republic sent 12 T-72M1 tanks to Ukraine as military assistance, bringing the total number of heavy equipment transferred to 62 units.

Later in November 2023, the list of Czech military equipment transferred to Ukraine from army reserves was declassified.

For a total amount of 6.2 billion Czech crowns (over 250 million euros) from February 24, 2022 to October 9, 2023, Prague transferred:

• 4 helicopters;
• 62 tanks;
• 131 BMP;
• 16 BOP systems;
• 47 armored vehicles;
• 13 self-propelled artillery installations;
• 84,860 shells to artillery pieces;
• 12 missile systems;
• 4900 missiles for MLRS;
• 645 anti-tank guided missiles;
• 8022 grenade launchers;
• 128 mortars;
• 17,400 mortar shells;
• 4.2 million rounds of ammunition for small arms;
• other equipment.

14 Leopard tanks in service

2022: US Helicopter Purchase Plan

At the Marine Corps base USA at Camp Pendleton in August 2022, training began for 20 pilots and technicians of the Czech army in UH-1Y Venom helicopters.

The group arrived at the end of July, but the details became known only now.

In March, the Czech government announced plans to purchase eight UH-1Y Venom multipurpose helicopters and four AH-1Z Viper combat helicopters from the United States. The first deliveries to the Czech Republic will be received in 2023, they will replace the Russian-made Mi-35M (Mi-24VM) combat vehicles.

According to the Czech authorities, twenty qualified specialists will fully ensure the continuation of training at UH-1Y Venom directly in the Czech Republic. Therefore, the Czech army will not send another group of military to the United States.

The training will last about six months and will include theoretical and practical parts. In addition, the pilots have already completed an additional course of the US Army on survival on the water.

Technical staff must return to the Czech Republic before the end of 2022, and pilots and flight technicians will remain in the States until February.

Training on the AH-1Z Viper will take place at the Czech base Nameshte nad Oslava for two years. She will be engaged in the mobile training group Bell Helicopter. A simulation center will also be created on the basis for training ground and flight personnel.

2018: Number of tanks

1999: Joining the NATO military bloc

In 1999, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic, despite the promise of the Russian bloc not to expand to the East, were included in NATO.

Economy

Main article: Czech economy

Health care

Main article: Healthcare in the Czech Republic

Science and Research

2020: More than 100,000 animals are used for scientific purposes

Almost 8 million animals are used for scientific purposes in Europe and half of them are laboratory mice and rats.

Culture

2020: 33.7 museums per million residents

Music

2016:120 Metal Bands

1644: Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Bieber was born

• Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Bieber (1644-1704). Listen to Andrei Reshetin's disc "Stronger than Death."

Languages

2016:21% of the population speaks no foreign language

Religion

2022

30.5% of the population believes in life after death

11% of the population attends divine services at least once a month

2021:7% of the population say religion is important in their lives

2018: Atheists are the largest religious group

2016: Proportion of believing population

Education

Literacy rate

MEDIA

2022:59% of the population watch TV every day

Crime

2021: Number of intentional murders

and

Prisons

2022: The minimum age for children to be jailed is 15

2018: Number of prisoners

History

2022: Aid to Ukraine during Russia's special operation

In December 2022, training of Ukrainian servicemen began at the Libava training ground in the Czech Republic. The decision by the Czech authorities was made very quickly. Not least because Prague hopes for compensation for the $42 million that Czech taxpayers will have to spend on training the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Training of Ukrainian soldiers will affect mechanized units and special professions. By the end of 2023, it is planned to hold five four-week sessions, each of which will be attended by up to 800 Ukrainian troops.

Military intelligence will conduct control over the exercises, and military police officers will be present at the training ground.

The only party in parliament that opposed this mission was Freedom and Direct Democracy (Svoboda a přímá demokracie, LDS). Its deputies said that the priority of the current Czech government is the support of Ukraine and Ukrainians, as well as the continuation of the military conflict.

2003: EU accession referendum

Main article: European Union (EU, EU)

1939: Occupation by Germany

Main article: World War II

On March 14, 1939, Hitler summoned Czechoslovak President Emil Gaha to Berlin and invited him to accept a German protectorate. Gaha agreed to this, and the German army entered the country, practically without any resistance. The only attempt at an organized armed rebuff was made by the company of captain Karel Pavlik in the city of Mistek.

1938: Partition of Czechoslovakia under the Munich Collusion

The Munich Agreement of 1938 (also called the Munich Agreement) between, Germany, and Britain, France Italy drawn up Munich on September 29, 1938 and signed on the night of September 29-30 of that year by Reich Chancellor Germany Adolf Hitler, Prime Minister Great Britain Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister France Eduard Daladier and Prime Minister Benito Italy Mussolini. The agreement stipulated that Czechoslovakia would liberate and cede the Sudetenland to Germany within 10 days.

Under pressure from Poland and Hungary, annexes were added to the Munich agreement requiring Czechoslovakia to resolve territorial disputes with these countries as soon as possible. Representatives of the Czechoslovak delegation Hubert Masarzyk and Vojtech Mastny were present, but were not invited to discuss the terms of the agreement, and only signed the finished document. On the morning of September 30, Czechoslovak President Benes accepted the terms of this agreement, without the consent of the National Assembly.

On October 1, German troops crossed the border of Czechoslovakia and by October 10 occupied the entire territory of the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia.

On the same day, Czechoslovakia accepted Poland's ultimatum to cede to it the Cieszyn region, which was occupied by Polish troops on October 2.

Shortly after the signing of the Munich Agreement on November 2, 1938, the First Vienna Arbitration took place, which separated from Czechoslovakia in favor of Hungary, the territory in southern Slovakia and southern Subcarpathian Rus, and to Poland the territory of Czechoslovakia in the north.

In March 1939, the First Slovak Republic was proclaimed, and shortly after the creation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Germany completely took control of the remaining Czech territories.

The Munich Agreement is considered the culmination of the British-French policy of appeasement. The war in Europe that Hitler wanted to provoke was averted. Great Britain and France made it clear to the Czechoslovak government that if Germany's demands were rejected, no help should be expected. To avoid war, Czechoslovakia accepted the terms of the agreement. Because of the circumstances, the agreement is also called Munich collusion.

1915

1700

Main article: 1700

1618

1240: As part of the Holy Roman Empire

The empire throughout its history (962-1806) remained a decentralized entity with a complex feudal hierarchical structure, uniting several hundred territorial-state entities. At the head of the empire was the emperor. The imperial title was not hereditary, but was awarded following the election of the electors by the college. The power of the emperor was never absolute and was limited to the highest aristocracy of Germany, and from the end of the 15th century - the Reichstag, representing the interests of the main classes of the empire.

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Sport

2022: The most popular sport is football

Calendar

Notes