ATMs in Russia

ATMs in the world

Main article: ATMs in the world

Hacking ATMs

• Hacking ATMs
• Jackpotting - installation and activation of malware by criminals on an ATM.

ATMs of Russian banks

Sberbank ATMs

• Sberbank ATMs

VTB ATMs

• VTB ATMs

History

2024: Metropolitan company launches conveyor assembly of ATMs

The capital manufacturer SAGA Technologies has launched a conveyor assembly line for ATMs, which will allow the production of over 300 devices per month. On February 29, 2024, the Minister of the Government of Moscow, the head of the Department of Investment and Industrial Policy Vladislav Ovchinsky. Read more here.

2023

Which foreign components are used by Russian-made ATMs

Russian ATMs use South Korean and Chinese validators (devices for recognizing and processing bills), the domestic module is planned for release in 2026. This became known on May 23, 2023.

As a source in the banking market told Kommersant, the inability to set up validators of American ATMs to accept new Bank of Russia bills forces banks to replace with Asian-made devices. According to the interlocutor of the publication, the ATMs of the Russian company Saga use a Korean validator, and the equipment of the Moscow company BFS is Chinese.

Russian ATMs use South Korean and Chinese validators

BFS said that the company was able to organize a full cycle of serial production of ATMs from concept, development of design documentation, unique design, Russian software and to the production of components, assembly and testing of finished devices. The newspaper writes that BFS ATMs run on a Russian-designed processor "Elbrus 8SV" (production technology 28 nm, in the Russian Federation by May 2023 there are no factories capable of producing microelectronics according to this norm).

According to Roman Prokhorov, head of the board of the Financial Innovations Association, it will be problematic to ensure full localization at the first stage, since some of the electronic components will have to be received unofficially. At the same time, Viktor Dostov, chairman of the Association of Electronic Money and Money Transfer Market Participants, believes that the term "localization" in relation to an ATM, Russian or foreign, is always limited - in any case, there are components from different manufacturers.

In our case, this is primarily China and Korea, - he explains.

According to Dostov, the very fact of assembling and using local software is useful, since it can positively affect the price of an ATM, especially if the state supports this direction in terms of taxation and tariffs for customs clearance of components.^[1]

Production of Russian ATMs began

In the Moscow industrial park "Rudnevo" began mass production of Russian ATMs. We are talking about the project of the capital company BFS. Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin wrote about this on May 22, 2023 in his blog. Read more here.

2022

The number of ATMs has been reduced for 3 years in a row

By the beginning of January 2023, there were 179.7 thousand ATMs in Russia against 190.4 thousand units a year earlier. The number of ATMs has been declining in the country for the third year in a row. In addition, the decline by 10.7 thousand in 2022 turned out to be the largest since 2015, when the number of devices decreased by 16.6 thousand units. This is evidenced by the data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, which were published in March 2023.

According to RIA Novosti, citing materials from the regulator, most of all in 2022 ATMs with the function of issuing cash were curtailed - 6.4 thousand, up to 114.3 thousand devices, which was the minimum number of them in 11 years.

In addition, Russians are less and less using cards to withdraw cash - the indicator has been declining for the seventh year in a row. At the end of 2022, the number of such operations amounted to 2.132 billion units against 2.314 billion units for 2021.

The Kommersant newspaper "" notes that by the end of December 2022, relative to the previous three months, the number of ATMs in Russia increased by 1.8 thousand units. Experts interviewed by the publication explain the sudden trend towards an increase in the number of ATMs by the need to modernize the fleet of devices amid the withdrawal of Western manufacturers from the Russian market. The problem surfaced when in mid-2022 the Central Bank announced the introduction of a new 100 banknote in Russia. rubles

As market participants explained, in order to accept new banknotes, banks need to reconfigure ATMs with the function of depositing banknotes. But due to the departure of the leading Western manufacturers of these devices, it became impossible to update their software. The only way out is to replace the devices with Chinese and Korean.

The active supply of ATMs to the annexed territories also played a role. In 2022, Promsvyazbank installed 700 ATMs in new regions of Russia.^[2]

ATM card in Europe

Branches and networks of banks in Europe show the level of development of territories or the level of use of non-cash payments. Data for December 2022

Tinkoff has released the first ATM of its own production

On December 27, 2022, Tinkoff presented an ATM of its own production - "One." As noted in the bank, which is the first ATM, which is not only designed, but also assembled in Russia using domestic equipment and components. Read more here.

Russian banks continue to turn off their ATMs in thousands

In Russia, the situation with the availability of ATMs is rapidly deteriorating. They are disappearing across the country. The Bank of Russia paid close attention to the current situation, saying that in terms of the number of ATMs, Russia rolled back almost 12 years ago. This became known 7 days = December 2022.

According to to data the Central Bank, there are no more ATMs in Russia as of December 2022 than in 2011. They number within 178.22 thousand, moreover, these are statistics as of October 1, 2022. The Central Bank did not provide more relevant data at the time of publication of the material. Given the general trend towards the abandonment banks of ATMs, most likely, in two months their number has decreased slightly.

From January 1 to October 1, 2022 Russia , an increase in the number of cars issuing cash to Russians was never recorded. At the beginning of the year, there were about 190.4 thousand of them, that is, in just nine months their network decreased by about 12 thousand or about 6.5%.

According to sources, in the first half of the year, the share of all transactions with bank cards was only 41.7% due to cash withdrawals, while in 2008 there were 92.6%. They associate this with the fact that you can pay with a card or transfer from account to account through a mobile application even on the market.

However, inverse dependence cannot be ruled out. Due to the lack of an ATM nearby, the Russians are forced to pay everything through the terminal or from the screen. smartphone

On the one hand, the digitalization of payment transactions allows you not to carry cash with you and, for example, not risk losing them. Also, when paying for a card to zero, the likelihood that the seller "accidentally" will incorrectly count the change due to its complete absence decreases.

On the other hand, by exchanging cash for a card or application, Russians may face, for example, a banking payment system failure caused by a technical failure. Then it will not be possible to pay for the goods or service at all. Or there may be no cellular communication at the place of payment, which will also prevent the payment.

In addition, we must not forget that the money on the card, although it belongs to the owner of the account, is actually with the bank. In this case, the money in the account for one reason or another can be blocked or debited by mistake or as a result of fraudulent actions.

Banks almost nine years ago headed for a gradual excommunication of Russians from banknotes, although before that, on the contrary, they sought to facilitate their access to ATMs and cash as much as possible.

The number of ATMs in Russia grew until April 1, 2014, when it reached 237.4 thousand devices. From that moment until December 2022, with the exception of only a few months, ATMs in Russia became smaller and smaller. If we compare the indicators on April 1, 2014 and October 1, 2022, then the country has a shortage of about 59.2 thousand machines for issuing cash.

It follows from this that the search for the desired ATM begins to take longer for Russians than before. Residents of large cities are less concerned, while the disappearance of a pair of ATMs in small settlements can turn into significant difficulties for their residents^[3].

Central Bank presented a "roadmap" for the introduction of domestic ATMs

In September 2022, the Central Bank of Russia presented a roadmap for the creation and implementation of domestic ATMs in the country. As Kommersant writes with reference to this document, testing of such equipment produced by BFS and SAGA will begin in the largest banks in the fall of 2022.

In case of successful tests, serial production of Russian ATMs will be launched, which may enter credit institutions in the first quarter of 2023. It is estimated that the first batch will include several hundred devices.

Central Bank presented a "roadmap" for the introduction of domestic ATMs

According to Alexei Voilukov, vice president of the Association of Banks of Russia (ADB), even after serial batches of ATMs enter the market, their manufacturers will continue localization work, in stages in the next two years. The expert claims that it is technically impossible to create a completely domestic ATM, localized in Russia by 100%.

The source of the newspaper said that it is possible to make a case, a mechanical part of the design of an ATM in the country, but for the most part electronic filling is not produced in Russia and is unlikely to be produced soon.

Dmitry Vishnyakov, an independent expert on the payment card market, believes that there is no need to urgently build Russian production of ATMs at all.

Cash withdrawals are a service that cardholders are increasingly less likely to use, "he explained in a conversation with the newspaper.

According to Vishnyakov, multifunctional devices will be more relevant for Russian banks, which can combine the function of issuing cash with many others and provide citizens with access to financial services from regions with low Internet and mobile penetration.

According to Roman Prokhorov, head of the board of the Financial Innovations Association, the production of ATMs is a fairly high-tech industry, it will not be possible to ensure rapid import substitution in it, so you will have to use existing import opportunities, including "parallel."^[4]

Russian banks switch to Chinese ATMs

On July 11, 2022, it became known about the purchase of Ak Bars Bank ATMs manufactured by the Chinese company GRG. The Russian credit institution will begin installing the purchased equipment in September 2022. Read more here.

2020

Decrease in the number of ATMs to 194 thousand units

By the end of 2020, the number of ATMs in Russia amounted to approximately 194 thousand units. This is evidenced by the data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

As RBC writes with reference to the statistics of the regulator, the number of ATMs in Russia, except for almost zero dynamics in 2019, has been declining since 2015. A record figure was registered in 2014 - then there were 222.8 thousand ATMs in the country.

Sberbank, which is the leader in the Russian Federation in terms of the size of the ATM network, in 2020 decreased by 8.4% - from 76.9 thousand to 70.4 thousand. The bank's press service explained that Sberbank abandoned old low-function devices and updated the network with high-tech and productive ATMs with a recycling function.

By the end of 2020, the number of ATMs in Russia amounted to approximately 194 thousand units

VTB in 2020 increased the number of ATMs due to the devices of the attached banks - up to 15 thousand units, a representative of the credit institution told the publication. He clarified that the bank is constantly carrying out measures to optimize and increase the efficiency of the ATM network.

Gazprombank during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic "carefully optimized the network" so as not to limit customers in cash withdrawal and deposit services.

We focused on reducing the cost of rent and maintenance, and not on dismantling devices, "a representative of the credit institution told the publication.

According to him, towards the end of the year, the Gazprombank recorded a recovery in demand for services provided by ATMs, which, in turn, returns the relevance of reasonable network development.

Raiffeisen Bank in 2020 continued to optimize the ATM fleet, replacing outdated devices with more efficient recyclers, said Konstantin Khudyakov, head of the bank's self-service device development group. Post Bank in 2020 did not reduce the number of ATMs and terminals.^[5]

Tinkoff has released the first round ATM

On September 23, 2020, Tinkoff Bank informed TAdviser about the development and commissioning of an ATM model called "Bullet." Read more here.

2019: The function of returning forgotten money appeared in Sberbank ATMs

At the end of December 2019, the function of returning forgotten money appeared at Sberbank ATMs. Thanks to her, according to the credit institution, she was able to reduce the number of cases by 30% when people lost money, forgetting to take it after withdrawing cash. Read more here.

2011: 107,000 ATMs

At the end of the third quarter of 2011, the number of ATMs in the Russian Federation amounted to 107 thousand devices. While maintaining the existing growth rates in the number of ATMs, Russia will reach the level of 148-152 thousand cash dispensers by the end of 2014 (the average increase in the number of ATMs since the beginning of 2008 was 3542 ATMs per quarter).

Let's assess Russia's position on the coverage of automated cash issuance services for such a key indicator as the number of installed ATMs per 1 million inhabitants. By the end of 2011, in the Russian Federation, the value of this indicator was about 780 ATMs/million residents. In terms of ATM density, we are already ahead of countries such as Poland, Holland, Finland, Greece and many other EU countries. If we assess the prospects for the end of 2014, then we will exceed the level of 1000 ATMs/million residents in this indicator, leaving behind the UK, France and Germany. And this is without taking into account the established payment terminals, according to the number of which we have already reached the leading positions in the world. At the same time, the Russian Federation occupies a strong position as an outsider of retail non-cash payments in Europe and the world^[6] the ^[6]

2008: Russia No. 1 in Europe by number of ATMs

By the end of 2008, Retail Banking Research announced that Russia came out on top in Europe in terms of the number of installed ATMs (70.8 thousand), ahead of countries such as Germany, Great Britain, France.

The economic crisis did not cool the ardor of Russian banks in the movement to build up their ATM networks. This was facilitated, among other things, by the aggressive strategy of Sberbank of Russia, which in the summer of 2009 announced its plans to acquire 27 thousand ATMs by the end of 2014, most of which should be equipped with cash receivers.

By the end of 2010, the total number of ATMs in the Russian Federation reached 97 thousand, of which Sberbank accounted for 27,750 devices (29%), and a year earlier - 22,882 (27%) devices.

2000: 4,000 ATMs installed, 13th in Europe

ATMs in the Russian Federation appeared simultaneously with the advent of payment cards. By the end of 2000, 4,000 ATMs were installed in the country, and Russia ranked 13th in Europe in terms of their number.

Notes