Satellite Internet in Russia
Main article: Satellite Internet in Russia
2024
The first Russian mobile satellite communication terminal is presented
On October 8, 2024, the JSC GLONASS presented the first Russian wearable mobile satellite communication terminal. A prototype device with unique dimensions and characteristics was demonstrated in. St. Petersburg More here
The Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation asks to reduce the volume of reporting on ICC projects without state funding
On October 8, 2024, it became known that the head of the Satellite Communications Industrial Competence Center (ICC) and the general director of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Cosmic Communications (GPKS) Alexei Volin sent a letter to the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation with a proposal to reduce the volume of reporting on ICC projects without state financing. It is assumed that this will contribute to an increase in the number of promising projects in key sectors of the economy. Read more here
The Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation presented the requirements for the use of subscriber satellite stations. Manufacturers will spend 0.5 billion rubles on their implementation
On September 10, 2024, the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation announced the requirements for the use of subscriber stations of mobile satellite radio communication systems using spacecraft in low orbits. Manufacturers will spend about 488 million rubles on their implementation.
It is noted that in the case of using low-orbit satellite systems on the unified telecommunication network of the Russian Federation, the parameters of which do not meet the mandatory requirements for subscriber stations, there are risks of disruption of network functioning. In order to prevent possible failures, the Ministry of Digital Development introduces new mandatory technical requirements. During operation of subscriber stations, the following shall be provided:
· Protection of subscriber and signal traffic in the radio channel between the subscriber station and the gateway station using encryption (cryptographic) means of telecommunication systems and complexes;
· Using a unique International Mobile Station Equipment Identifier (IMEI) including a sample code and a subscriber station serial number;
· Performing procedures for initiating and terminating calls, establishing, maintaining and disconnecting connections with subscriber stations and user equipment (terminal equipment) of a public communication network using switching equipment of mobile satellite radio networks;
· Stability of the established connection without interruptions in the transmission mode and in the reception mode of information during the movements of subscriber stations within the coverage area of mobile satellite radio networks.
Subscriber stations shall maintain the established operating parameters under climatic impacts (temperature changes) and vibration. In the case of wearable stations, operability shall be maintained after falling from a height of 1 m.[1]
The Federal Air Transport Agency told how they will use satellites to control drones
transport Rosaviatsia In July 2024, the Federal Air Agency announced the prospect of using satellites to control unmanned aerial vehicles () in the UAV Russian Federation. The agency sees potential in the synergy of satellite and radio communications for effective flight control. drones More. here
Development of Russia's first mobile satellite communications
In June 2024, it became known that GLONASS JSC developed the first mobile satellite communication system in Russia. Alexey Raikevich, CEO of the company, stressed that the new solution is a unique technology that can significantly change the satellite communications market in the country. Read more here.
Roscosmos allocated frequencies to create a mobile satellite network based on Gonets devices
The State Commission on Radio Frequencies (GKRCH) in early June 2024 approved the allocation of frequencies to Roscosmos in the 1.9-2.2 GHz bands for the deployment of a multifunctional personal satellite communications and data transmission system (MSPSS) based on the Gonets-M spacecraft. As follows from the minutes of the last meeting of the commission, the state corporation received permission to use the specified ranges for "BRK-C/S space stations and AT-H, AT-HK and AT-PT-S subscriber earth stations (wearable), AT-B and AT-BK (transported) and AT-ST (stationary)." Read more here.
The number of vacancies in the field of satellite communications in Russia increased by 1768% to 65.2 thousand.
The number of vacancies in the field of satellite communications in Russia in the first five months of 2024 increased by 1768%, which is a significant increase against the background of the general dynamics in telecommunications. This data was provided on June 7, 2024 by analysts at HeadHunter.
According to the study, the number of vacancies in the field of satellite communications, including companies engaged in satellite navigation, television and communications, increased to 65.2 thousand in the period from January to May 2024. For comparison, in 2023 this figure was only 13.4 thousand vacancies, which also represented an increase of 74% compared to the previous year.
The general growth of vacancies in the field of telecommunications also showed a significant increase - by 162%, to 274 thousand vacancies from January to May 2024. In particular, in mobile communications, the number of vacancies increased by 121%, in fixed communications - by 49%, and in fiber optic communications - by 118%.
HeadHunter analysts noted that despite the high demand for specialists in the field of satellite communications, the growth of salaries in the industry was much less impressive. In January - May 2024, the median salary increased by only 13% and amounted to 67 thousand rubles. Most vacancies are offered in the range from 45 thousand to 85 thousand rubles, which leads to significant staff turnover.
According to Ruslan Permyakov, Deputy Director of the NTI Competence Center, the increase in the number of vacancies in the satellite segment is due to the active interest of the state and preparations for the launch of federal programs, as well as the expansion of investments in the industry. He also noted that the total number of specialists in this area is still small, which also contributes to a high increase in the number of vacancies.
Sergey Pekhterev, a shareholder of KAI Internet, associates the explosive growth of vacancies with the start of large projects such as Sphere, Express RA, Skif, Marathon and Gonets M1, as well as the Dawn project from Bureau 1440. He stressed that the median salary of 67 thousand rubles is low for technical specialists.[2]
A software and hardware complex has been created in Russia to protect against attacks on communication satellites
In Russia, a software and hardware complex was created to protect against external attacks on communication satellites. About this development in the state-owned company "Space Communication" told in April 2024. Read more here.
2023
The Ministry of Digital Development will ensure the protection of satellite television signals in Russia
At the end of August 2023, it became known that the Ministry of Digital Development is look for a solution to ensure reliable protection of satellite television signals in Russia. This is necessary to prevent translation spoofing.
According to the Vedomosti newspaper, the attackers have repeatedly falsified the TV signal of satellite channels broadcast on the territory of the Russian Federation. For this, high-power antennas are used. One of the most notable incidents occurred on February 28, 2023: then a false message about an air alarm appeared on the air of the TNT4, Saturday and 2x2 holding Gazprom-Media Entertainment Television (GPM RTV). It turned out that the broadcast substitution occurred due to the interception of the signal from the Yamal-402 satellite, owned by the Gazprom Space Systems holding (part of the Gazprom group. This device broadcasts at 55 degrees east longitude.
Experts explain that TV satellites, in fact, work as a mirror: they receive a signal of a certain power from the Earth and broadcast it to the entire coverage area. If attackers give their own, more powerful signal, it can drown out legal broadcasting and spread to the coverage area of the spacecraft.
Attacks on TV channels can be implemented in various ways. For example, attackers can exploit vulnerabilities in programs that are used to broadcast a signal, or carry out attacks on transmitting network devices. It is noted that the Ministry of Digital Development is discussing possible ways to protect broadcasts with the largest satellite television operators providing services on the Russian market. The problem of satellite signal substitution forces companies to constantly make certain technical changes in the settings of their equipment, which creates additional difficulties.
To protect satellite TV channels, it is proposed to use intrusion detection systems (IDS), multifactor authentication and enhanced security monitoring tools. However, solving the issue will require simplifying legal procedures and switching to domestic software.[3]
Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation creates a satellite communication system with 900 devices, integration with 5G and 6G
Russia will deploy a hybrid satellite communication system, which will include hundreds of spacecraft in non-geostationary orbit (NGSO). This is stated in the project strategies for the development of the communications industry of the Russian Federation for the period until 2035, which was published Ministry of Digital Development in mid-August 2023.
The document notes that one of the most significant trends in the technological and market development of the communication sphere is the emergence of multi-satellite NGSO groups. Globally, the NGSO-based satellite broadband Internet access market is growing at a faster pace. According to forecasts, in terms of traffic volume, such platforms will overtake geostationary satellite systems (GSO) in 2030, and by 2035 they will show a twofold increase in the total size of transmitted data (compared to GSO).
It is assumed that as part of the development of the NGSO infrastructure, Russia will launch 622 satellites into space by 2030, and by 2035 their number will reach 924. In parallel, it is planned to develop the concept of hybrid orbital-ground networks. Such platforms implement cellular communication standards on a satellite radio interface, providing data transmission between a spacecraft and a mobile terminal, for example, a smartphone. It is planned to integrate the NGSO system with terrestrial networks of 5G and 6G standards.
Hybrid networks are expected to provide high-speed communication with low delays throughout Russia, including the Arctic zone. It talks about the high mobility of subscribers, as well as the possibility of controlling drones in real time with an extensive territory of control.
The Ministry of Digital Development assumes that in the period from 2031 to 2035, the equipment of the LTE standard and earlier generations will be completely replaced by domestic solutions. In the same time frame, it is planned to deploy 5G networks in all cities with a population of 100 thousand people or more, as well as the beginning of commercial operation of 6G networks.[4]
The Ministry of Digital Development will prohibit all operators from purchasing satellite access services from foreign companies
On July 19, 2023, it became known that Ministry of Digital Development was discussing a new project with the government, according to which operators would be prohibited from purchasing satellite Internet access services from foreign companies.
According to the Kommersant newspaper, the initiative is dictated by the need to develop the Russian satellite industry. According to the Ministry of Digital Development, by 2030, the degradation of the domestic satellite constellation of communications, Internet access and broadcasting is possible. In particular, out of 12 satellites of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Space Communications," seven devices will work out their lifetime. This will entail extremely negative consequences. Among them are named failures in the operation of the system of presidential, government and special satellite communications, federal digital television, inaccessibility of communication in a significant part of the Arctic zone of Russia, the dominance of a foreign satellite constellation, the inability to meet the needs of the country's economy with modern communication services, etc.
The Ministry of Digital Development proposes several measures that are expected to stimulate the development of the satellite communications industry in Russia. One of them is an increase in the tariffs of the GPKS (FSUE Cosmic Communications) by 2.5 times. In addition, the purchase of satellite Internet access services from foreign operators will be prohibited.
 | The requirement should apply to both state-owned companies and private ones. For the stable operation of the Internet and TV, our providers must work through our domestic devices, the Ministry of Digital Development said. |  |
However, the development of the domestic satellite grouping of communications was complicated in the light of the formed geopolitical situation. The fact is that sanctions impede the supply to Russia of key foreign equipment and components for the creation of domestic communication satellites, which previously amounted to more than 80% in such spacecraft[5]
2022:5% market growth
The volume of the Russian satellite communication market in terms of the number of small base stations in 2022 increased by 5% compared to 2021 and amounted to 150 thousand units. Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin cited such figures on November 7, 2023 during a stratification for the development of the telecommunications industry.
The head of the Cabinet recalled that in October 2023, Russian President Vladimir Putin set the task of significantly expanding the availability of key space services for citizens, businesses, authorities at all levels. Such technologies, according to Mishustin, open the way for more effective development of territories, are needed when launching transport and logistics corridors. Their introduction will help stimulate promising industries such as robotics, data economics and unmanned vehicles, he said.
In his speech at the stratification on the development of the communications industry, Mikhail Mishustin pointed out the need to accelerate the creation of a domestic low-orbit satellite constellation and update existing communication and broadcasting satellites in geostationary orbit. The Prime Minister stressed the urgency of modernizing the current infrastructure and building new networks using domestic technologies and equipment, including in the field of space communications.
The strategy for the development of the communications industry by 2035 should be approved in the near future, and the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation, together with interested departments, will prepare an action plan for its implementation. This is stated in the commentary of Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko following the results of the strategic session on the development of the communications industry, which took place on November 7, 2023. As the deputy head of the government recalled, the preparation of the document was carried out by the government on behalf of Russian President Vladimir Putin, preparing a strategy for the entire industry together with Russian companies, specialized experts, associations.[6]
Notes
- ↑ On approval of the Requirements for the use of subscriber stations of mobile satellite radio communication systems using low-orbit communication spacecraft
- ↑ Vacancies enter orbit
- ↑ The Ministry of Digital Development will protect the satellite TV signal
- ↑ Draft strategy for the development of the communications industry of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2035
- ↑ Borders go into space
- ↑ Mikhail Mishustin held a strategic session on the development of the communications industry
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