Main article: Education in Russia
Unified State Exam (Unified State Exam)
Main article: Unified State Exam (Unified State Exam)
Digitalization of education
Main article: Digitalization of schools in Russia
Jammers in schools
Main article: Jammers in schools and universities
History
2023
The number of private school students in Russia has doubled since 2016
Since 2016, the number of students in private schools in Russia has doubled, reaching 206 thousand people in 2023. According to the study (published in June 2024) of the Center for Continuing Education EconomicsIPEI RANEPA, the share of private school students from the total number of schoolchildren increased to 1.14%.
According to Vedomosti, the increase in the number of students in private schools is associated with the high quality of education, which is the main factor in choosing an educational institution for 61% of parents surveyed. The survey was conducted in May 2023 in the Ivanovo region, Krasnodar and Stavropol territories among parents of kindergarten pupils and school students attending private educational organizations.
According to the study, private schools attract parents not only in regions with a high level of socio-economic development, such as Moscow, St. Petersburg and Tatarstan, but also in less prosperous regions, including Dagestan, Chechnya and the Jewish Autonomous Region. For 52% of parents, an important factor is the creation of a comfortable environment for students, and for 40% - the use of modern technologies and teaching methods.
As the study notes, the convenience of a private school plays an insignificant role in choosing an educational institution - this factor turned out to be important only for 27% of parents. Parental satisfaction with private schools is very high, with more than 60% of parents believing the conditions of study are in line with their expectations, and 34% saying conditions have even exceeded their expectations.
Alexey Tishchenko, a leading researcher at the Center for the Economics of Continuing Education, IPEI RANEPA, explains that private schools in Russia have proven themselves better than private universities. The main reason for the choice of private schools is the comfort for students and their parents, as well as the orientation towards high educational results. "Most parents are not ready to abandon paid classes for children when the financial situation of the family worsens," he stressed.[1]
60% of Russian schoolchildren went to colleges in a year
In 2023, 1.2 million people entered colleges and technical schools, which is a quarter more than in 2019, when a record number of 9th and 11th grade graduates came to colleges - 906 thousand people. Such data in mid-May 2024 were cited by the First Deputy Minister of Education of the Russian Federation Alexander Bugaev, speaking at one of the conferences on education in the modern economy. According to him, more than 60% of 9th graders in 2023 decided to continue their studies at colleges.
Alexander Bugaev also said that 1.2 million people who entered colleges throughout Russia in 2023 exceed undergraduate enrollment in all universities over the same period.
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The fact that more than 60% of 9th grade students in 2023 chose college education was also said by Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova in early October 2023. Then she noted that 3.7 million students study in 3.5 thousand colleges, to whom almost 500 professions and specialties are available in the fields of industry, construction, agriculture, social sphere, the field of arts, information technology. Almost 200 thousand teachers worked in colleges of the Russian Federation. According to Golikova's forecasts, by 2028, the vocational education system will provide more than 1 million specialists in priority industries for production.
In May 2023, the SuperJob portal conducted a survey that showed that 29% of parents will send their children after 9th grade to school or college. This is the maximum figure for 11 years of observation. At the same time, most often the choice of graduates fell on aichi specialties - every fourth respondent named them. Every ninth child was going to study as a nurse, nurse or paramedic, in 8% - as a lawyer. Another 7% each reported plans for children to receive the specialty of a teacher, builder, auto mechanic and qualified worker.[2]
Purchases of security services in Russian schools for the year decreased by 19%
In 2023, Russian educational institutions placed approximately 16 thousand public procurement for protection services with a total value of 62.8 billion rubles. For comparison, in 2022, the total volume of such contracts was estimated at 77.5 billion rubles. Thus, purchases on an annualized basis decreased by about 19%. The corresponding figures are given in the study of the Tenderplan search and analytical system for managing tenders, the results of which were published on February 13, 2024. Read more here.
Putin introduced compulsory labor lessons in schools
On December 19, 2023, the president Russia Vladimir Putin signed a law introducing compulsory labor lessons in primary and secondary classes. This requirement comes into force on September 1, 2024.
The authors of the changes are State Duma deputies led by Speaker Vyacheslav Volodin. In accordance with the document, labor (technology) lessons should be included in the mandatory part of the curricula of primary and secondary general education.
 | A labor lesson has been returned to schools as a compulsory subject. Labor education is an integral part of the educational process. If from childhood the child instills hard work, then in the future he will be fine, "says Volodin. |  |
The first deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Science and Higher Education, deputy of the United Russia faction, Alexander Mazhuga, noted that in connection with the return of the subject "work" to the mandatory school curriculum, retrofitting of classes and additional training of teachers will be required.
| | We understand that and we will work on it. But it is this subject at school that makes us hardworking, economic, diligent and concentrated. Not to mention the fact that the unity of education and education is the fundamental basis of pedagogy, - said Mazhuga. | |
According to State Duma deputy Sergei Kolunov, the new law "will return the prestige of working specialties." Locksmiths, carpentry, cutting, sewing will appear in schools: these classes "will instill in children not only the skills necessary for adulthood, but will also help create prestige for working specialties, in the medium term solving the problem of personnel shortages."
The new law also assumes that from September 1, 2024, the subject "Fundamentals of Security and Defense of the Motherland" becomes mandatory in Russian schools, into which the Fundamentals of Life Safety have been transformed. It will be taught to middle school students and high school students.[3]
Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation launches a project to develop media literacy among schoolchildren
The Ministry of Education of Russia has launched a project to develop media literacy for schoolchildren. The younger generation will be taught how to separate truth from fakes, where to find reliable sources, how to work with information. This was announced on November 28, 2023 by the press service of the State Duma deputy RFAnton Nemkin.
{{quote 'We launched a large-scale project to develop the media literacy of schoolchildren - the ability to find and use reliable sources, including on the Internet, as well as news information, - said Deputy Minister of Education of the Russian Federation Anastasia Zyryanova at a press conference in Moscow. }}
As of November 2023, media classes are already open in,,,, and the To Moscow St. Petersburg Tyumen Kaluzhskaya Ulyanovsk regions Stavropol Territory, republic. Tyva Donetsk People's Republic
The Digital Russia project of the United Russia party also highlights cyber literacy training for Russians of different ages as one of the priority areas of work, said Anton Nemkin, a member of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, Information Technology and Communications, federal coordinator of the Digital Russia party project. {{quote 'When there are more and more threats on the network every day, it is necessary to educate citizens from a young age how to deal with these threats. The amount of fake information on the network is growing exponentially, and it often becomes very difficult to distinguish the real from the unreal today. But it is also possible to teach this. I am glad that the federal ministry was actively involved in this work, - said the deputy. }}
| | For their part, they are ready to provide an asset of digital volunteers in those regions where specialists will be lacking. As part of the Digital Volunteering project, they received high-quality training from employees of partner companies, which means that we can be calm for the result. At the same time, do not forget that older people also need cyber literacy skills. We will continue to work in this direction, - concluded the parliamentarian. | |
The first system in Russia has been developed that "sniffs" the smell of electronic cigarettes and vapes. It will be installed in schools
At the end of November 2023, researchers from St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (GUAP) announced the development of the first system in Russia that is capable of detecting the smell of electronic cigarettes and vapes in the premises. The device is planned to be used in schools and universities in order to reduce the number of smokers. Read more here.
Russian schoolchildren from September will begin to teach the basics of the use of UAVs
From September 1, 2023, Russian schoolchildren will begin to study the basics of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in primary military training classes. This was announced on July 21, 2023 by the Deputy Chairman of the Council for the Development of the Digital Economy under the Federation Council (Federation Council), Senator Artem Sheikin. Read more here.
Putin instructed to return drawing to schools
President RFVladimir Putin instructed the government to introduce a training course "Drawing" in schools in engineering classes from 2024. The corresponding document was published on the Kremlin website on June 6, 2023.
| | To ensure, starting from the 2024/25 academic year, the development of the basics of drawing by persons studying in the educational programs of basic general education, as well as the study of the training course "Drawing" at the level of secondary general education by persons studying in the technological (engineering) profile, - the text of the order says, which the Government of the Russian Federation must fulfill by August 1, 2023. | |
This and other decisions were included in the list of measures necessary to "strengthen the personnel potential of industry." Drawing disappeared from the school curriculum as a separate subject in 2019, and before that, it was optional for several years.
On April 4, 2023, the Governor of the Tula Region Alexei Dyumin in Tula, at a meeting of the Presidium of the State Council on the development of industry, proposed returning drawing to school. According to him, everyone asks for this: "chemistry, metallurgy," defense industry, "engineers, designers, technologists, even teachers of technical universities."
| | This is the beginning of the basics of engineering knowledge... It is clear that now there is a lot of software that draws, twists, creates and everything like that in 3D, but this is not my opinion - they say designers, young engineers, technologists of all directions of all industries: please return drawing to school education, - said Dyumin. | |
The State Duma Education Committee appealed to the Minister of Education of the RFUergey Kravtsov with a request to consider the possibility of returning drawing to the school educational program. In turn, Kravtsov in 2023 said that drawing did not leave school education, at a certain point it was excluded from the list of individual subjects, but it remained within the framework of the subject "Technology."[4]
The Cabinet of Ministers allocated 1 billion rubles for free travel in Russia for schoolchildren
In February 2023, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed an order that allocated about 1 billion rubles for a tourist program for schoolchildren. Read more here.
2022
There are more churches in Russia than schools
As of the end of 2022 Russia , there were approximately 39.9 thousand schools. For comparison, a year earlier this figure was 40.3 thousand. At the same time, the number of churches in 2022 reached 41.9 thousand. In addition, there are approximately 7.5 thousand mosques in the Russian Federation. Thus, there are more temples in Russia than schools. The corresponding statistics, based on Rosstat the data and, ROC were released in mid-February 2024.
It is noted that after the collapse of the Soviet Union, there were about 69.7 thousand schools in the country. Since then, their number has been steadily decreasing: by the end of 2022, it decreased by about 30 thousand. The decline occurs primarily due to rural schools, as reported by Novye Izvestia. If there are 30 children or less left in school, it is allowed to "optimize," that is, make it a branch of a larger educational institution. In addition, in case of "shortage" of students, the school is allowed to close - this is most often what happens.
| | The decline and extinction of villages began in the 90s at the same time as the reduction and enlargement of rural schools. The network of rural settlements was reduced, schools were closed accordingly, "said Yuri Krupnov, chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Institute of Demography. | |
At the same time, there is a sharp decrease in the number of school teachers in Russia. According to statistics from the Ministry of Education, in 2023, the maximum number of teachers in 7 years quit - 193.5 thousand. This figure does not include managers and support staff - clerks, secretaries and librarians. Taking into account them, the total number of those who quit in 2023 amounted to 316.3 thousand people. The majority of employees - approximately 93% - left of their own free will. Moreover, as noted, more often primary school teachers leave schools.[5]
Russia adopted a law on a unified program in schools
On September 14, 2022, the State Duma adopted in the second and third (final) readings a law providing for the introduction of unified general education programs in schools and the powers of the Ministry of Education on state orders of textbooks and manuals for educational institutions.
For elementary school, the document proposes to approve unified basic programs in the Russian language, reading and the world around them. In the average, programs on the Russian language and literature, history, social studies, geography and life safety will become mandatory for application in the event of the final adoption of the law.
{{quote 'The adoption of the law will increase the availability of quality education for children, regardless of their place of residence, - said State Duma Speaker Vyacheslav Volodin. }} The bill also introduces a mandatory federal work program for education and a federal calendar plan for educational work.
The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation will develop and approve the FOOP. According to the draft amendments, FOOPs must be approved by March 1, 2023, and schools must switch to their implementation by September 1, 2023. At the same time, the bill retains the right for schools to develop their own educational programs, but their content and planned results "should not be lower than the corresponding content and planned results of federal basic educational programs," the authors of the initiative indicate.
In addition, to implement unified educational programs, it is proposed to establish a new procedure for developing textbooks. Thus, the state order for the development of textbooks and teaching aids will be carried out by the Ministry of Education. The agency will also approve the author's team of textbooks, and the exclusive rights to them will belong to the Russian Federation.[6]
2021
Ministry of Education: 76% of school teachers have a salary below the minimum wage
About 76% of Russian teachers have a salary below the minimum wage (minimum wage). This was reported on February 9, 2022 by the Ministry of Education, summing up the results of 2021.
According to the presentation of the department at a meeting of the Federation Council Committee on Science, Education and Culture, in 2021 the average salary of a teacher throughout Russia was 45,832 rubles with a minimum wage of 12.8 thousand rubles, TASS reports.
The Ministry of Education notes that in the regions various approaches are applied to the remuneration of teachers, which is why there is "an opacity in the calculation of allowances and the principles of accounting for various payments." At the same time, it is indicated that in some regions, the implementation of the "May decrees" of the president on the salaries of public sector workers is achieved by a high load.
According to the chairman of the committee, Lilia Gumerova, no more than 70% of the regions follow the recommendations according to which the base rate should be 70% of the teacher's salary.
According to Rosstat for the first three months of 2021, the regions with the lowest average salaries of teachers are Ingushetia (23,835 rubles), Karachay-Cherkessia (25,816 rubles), Kabardino-Balkaria (25,831 rubles), Chechnya (25,856 rubles), North Ossetia (27,283 rubles), Tambov region (27,902 rubles), Dagestan (28,317 rubles), Ivanovo region (28,336 rubles).
From September 1, 2022 to July 2023, it is planned to test uniform requirements for teacher remuneration systems in six regions of the Russian Federation. For this, in 2021, Belgorod, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Yaroslavl, Sakhalin regions and the Republic of Mordovia were chosen. As Maxim Kostenko, Acting Director of the Department of State Policy and Management in the Field of General Education of the Ministry of Education, clarified during his speech, the corresponding draft resolution, which will allow these subjects to move to a new system of remuneration for teachers, is still being discussed.[7]
Introduction of financial literacy from the 1st grade in Russian schools
On July 8, 2021, it became known about the introduction of financial literacy lessons in Russian schools. The corresponding subject will be required for classes one to nine, according to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Read more here.
1997: Issuing salaries to teachers with vodka
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1931
1887:4 foreign languages are studied in gymnasiums
In the XIX century, at least 4 foreign languages were studied in gymnasiums in Russia. Below the certificate of V.I. Ulyanov (Lenin) 1887
In addition to these languages, Lenin learned English, Italian, Polish, Czech and Swedish on his own.
Or, for example, Vladimir Dal. The one who published an explanatory dictionary. The Russian language was not his native language. His pope, the Dane Johann Christian Dahl, knew 8 languages: German, English, French, Russian, Yiddish, Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Mom spoke five languages.
Notes
- ↑ The number of students in private schools has doubled since 2016
- ↑ More than half of Russian schoolchildren go to colleges
- ↑ Putin introduced a mandatory labor lesson in schools
- ↑ List of instructions following the meeting of the Presidium of the State Council
- ↑ Forward, into the past: there are fewer schools in Russia than churches
- ↑ The State Duma adopted a law on unified general education programs
- ↑ The Ministry of Education said that 76% of teachers have a salary lower than the minimum wage
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