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3D meat printing
Main article: 3D printing of meat
2024
Faux meat banned in Florida
On May 1, 2024, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signed a law banning the sale of artificially grown meat in this state. It is argued that this measure is aimed at protecting farmers and "preserving the integrity of American agriculture."
Artificial meat is a product obtained in laboratory conditions. The process of producing such meat involves taking cell samples from a living animal and then growing them in a special cultivator that simulates conditions in the body. Opponents of the technology say that a certain "world elite" allegedly intends to "force people to eat insects and substitutes for products."
 | Today, Florida is fighting the world's elite plan to force the world to eat meat grown in a petri dish, or insects, to achieve its authoritarian goals, DeSantis said on the day the law was signed. |  |
However, as noted, in fact, artificial meat is not available to most consumers. So, as of the beginning of 2024, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the meat grown in the laboratory of only two companies - Upside Food and Good Meat. Moreover, none of them sells their products in stores by the date under consideration. Artificial meat in 2023 began to be offered at two high-end restaurants - China Chilcano in Washington and Bar Crenn in San Francisco. Subsequently, these establishments also stopped selling cultured meat. In other words, no one in Florida ate such products before the state banned them. Thus, according to The Verge, the ban can be seen as a proactive measure aimed at ensuring that "everything remains as before."[1]
Israel is the first in the world to allow the sale of artificial beef
On January 17, 2024, the Ministry health care Israel announced that the country had approved the sale cultured meat of beef for the first time in the world. The corresponding permission was received by the Israeli startup in the field of food technology. Aleph Farms More. here
2023
Italy banned the production and sale of artificial meat
On November 16, 2023, the Italian parliament finally approved a law prohibiting the production and sale of artificial meat grown in laboratory conditions from animal cells. The new rules also prohibit the use of terms that describe plant-based products as real meat products - like steak.
During the voting, 159 participants in the discussion spoke in favor, 53 against. The document prohibits the use, sale, import and export of food and feed "from cell cultures or tissues obtained from vertebrate animals." Enterprises and companies that violate these requirements may be fined up to €150,000 or closed, and their owners may lose the right to receive state funding for up to three years. The law, according to its authors, will "protect the culinary traditions of the country."
The sale of cultured meat in 2020 was approved by Singapore, and in June 2023 the first such permit was issued in the United States. Italy takes a different stance, opposing artificial meat. Minister of Agriculture Francesco Lollobrigida (Francesco Lollobrigida) supported the new law, expressing the hope that the European Union will follow similar rules. According to him, the ban is necessary to protect the food industry.
At the same time, critics of the rules say that the law not only deprives consumers of choice, but also isolates Italy from investments and additional jobs that the nascent cultured meat industry could potentially provide. In addition, it says that the production of meat without breeding animals will contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and make meat products more accessible to buyers.[2]
In the United States, for the first time allowed the sale of artificial meat
At the end of June 2023, the Ministry agriculture USA gave permission to sell. In artificial meat the United States, a laboratory-grown chicken from Good Meat and will appear. Upside Foods More. here
A new mechanism for creating artificial meat has been developed
On May 11, 2023, American researchers from Tufts University announced the development of a new technology for creating artificial meat, which in the future is expected to significantly increase the production of this product.
Experts note that ordinary muscle stem cells taken from living animals to begin cultivation divide only about 50 times, after which they begin to age and die. This is due to the fact that the terminal regions of chromosomes - the so-called telomeres - can lose DNA. This leads to errors in copying or repairing DNA, loss of genes, and eventually cell death. A new technology proposed by scientists from the United States allows you to bypass these restrictions.
The project participants modified bovine stem cells in such a way that they constantly restore their telomeres, effectively keeping chromosomes "young" and ready for the next cycle of cell division. The researchers then made changes to allow cells to continuously produce a protein that stimulates the critical stage of division. This approach speeds up the whole process and helps cells grow faster.
However, the authors of the work emphasize, muscle stem cells are not the final product ready for consumption. The fact is that cells must go not only through the stages of division and growth, but also maturation. Scientists say that the resulting structures divide very quickly, and therefore they may need more time to fully mature. At the same time, it is emphasized that such cells are absolutely safe for consumption: during storage or preparation, the growth process completely stops, and the cells themselves turn into an inert material similar to ordinary meat.[3]
2022
Materials for 3D printing of artificial meat began to be created from agricultural waste
On December 15, 2022, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU), founded by Xi'an Jiaotong University China in and Liverpool University in, Great Britain announced the creation of special inks for agricultural 3D printing waste that could make cultured meat more affordable. More. here
In the United States approved the first meat grown in a test tube
In mid-November 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued the first approval to release lab-grown meat. Read more here.
2021
Leonardo DiCaprio's investment in faux meat producers
At the end of September 2021, Leonardo DiCaprio announced an investment in artificial meat producers Mosa Meat and Aleph Farms. The actor and environmentalist will sit on the advisory boards of the companies. Read more here.
Artificial meat market by 2026 will amount to about $8.1 billion
The pandemic coronavirus and related restrictions have only exacerbated the problem of global hunger. As it became known on July 23, 2021, tens of millions of people are on the verge of hunger. death The situation is complicated by a sharp rise in the cost of food around the world - food prices recently exceeded a ten-year high. Artificial meat could be a help in this situation. Plant burgers are already sold in stores and are included in restaurant menus, but artificial substitutes cannot seriously squeeze out traditional meat yet: high prices, low popularity and dubious environmental friendliness interfere.
Already on the cusp of starvation are the people of Yemen, South Sudan and northern Nigeria. However, the problem is also relevant for Afghanistan, Syria, Lebanon and Haiti. A total of 34 million people stand "one step away from starvation."
Moreover, the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic are only aggravated against the backdrop of natural disasters, climate change and problems in agriculture. All this threatens the world with an unprecedented lack of food. The number of people starving to death has grown sixfold in the past year. Mortality from this cause has already exceeded COVID-19. As of July 2021, a critical lack of food worldwide affects 155 million people, up 20 million from a year earlier. Moreover, in the coming decades, the problem of hunger will continue to worsen - global inflation and supply chain problems have led to a record increase in food prices since 2011.
In such a situation, humanity needs to look for alternative sources of food, artificial meat can come to the rescue. Moreover, eliminating meat will help solve two problems at once: hunger and environmental pollution, because animal husbandry accounts for about 14.5 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions - most of all. transport planets
Artificial meat appeared on the menu of world fast food chains several years ago. Its main producers are Impossible Foods and Beyond Meat. For July 2021, meat from plant components is gaining great popularity. The artificial meat market is growing at an annual rate of 8.4 percent, according to Allied Market Research; by 2026, it will amount to about $8.1 billion. Euromonitor estimates the market for meat substitutes to be $2.5 billion by 2023. At this rate, 10 percent of the world's meat in the next 10 years will be artificial.
Nemyas producers are attracting hundreds of millions of investments and breaking IPO records. For example, the American Beyond Meat raised $550 million from investors, including billionaire Bill Gates, actor Leonardo DiCaprio and former McDonald's CEO Don Thompson. Shares placed at $25 apiece more than doubled in price in a day, and the company's capitalization thus reached $3.4 billion (for 2019). As of July 2021, it is $9.49 billion. The firm stopped short of dwelling on beef cutlets and learned how to produce environmentally friendly chicken, sausages and sausage. Initially, branded meat was supplied to supermarkets, and later to fast food chains (T.G.I. Fridays, Carl's Jr., Target, Bareburger, Del Taco and KFC). Beyond Meat accounts for 13 percent of the U.S. plant-based meat market at the end of July 2021 .
The idea with plant meat was also picked up by other producers. For example, Silicon Valley's Impossible Foods made a bet on GMOs: the main ingredients are isolated from wheat and potatoes, and then generously flavored with a "sauce" from genetically modified soybeans, which is responsible for taste. The company named attracting meat lovers as its main goal, rather than seeking to feed vegetarians to help reduce the negative environmental impact of beef.
The firm is preparing to go public and hopes to raise at least $10 billion in the IPO. Impossible Foods initially positioned its meat as a high-end meal that can only be tasted in restaurants. But the rate did not play, and the company had to reconsider its priorities, prices were reduced, and meat was sold in simpler establishments.
Another manufacturer is Memphis Meats. The firm does not produce artificial meat, poultry and fish products like competitors, but grows real animal meat in laboratories. Investors have already invested more than $180 million in Memphis Meats - among them billionaire Richard Branson and the same Bill Gates.
Israel's Future Meat has opened the world's first cultivated meat factory. The company is capable of producing 500 kilograms of chicken, pork and lamb every day, which is equivalent to about 5 thousand burgers, in the future they plan to establish beef production. The company grows meat from animal cells in bioreactors. According to the firm, during the production of cultivated meat, 80 percent less greenhouse gases are emitted, 99 percent less land is used and 96 percent less fresh water than in traditional meat production.
The production of traditional meat causes serious damage to the environment. In to data Ministry of Agriculture the United States, more than a thousand liters of water are needed to produce one pound of beef (0.45 kilograms). In addition, raising livestock for meat and milk depletes agricultural land. About three percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions come from methane released by cows. Although artificial meat producers declare that "non-meat" cutlets do not require so much water and are generally more environmentally friendly, in fact this may not be the case at all.
Scientists in Oscford questioned the environmental benefits of meat substitutes and concluded that growing meat in laboratories could even exacerbate global warming. The production of artificial meat requires energy, for the production of which fossil fuels are mostly still used. If the meat factories of the future work on oil and coal, then the long-term consequences for the climate will be worse than from traditional animal husbandry. In other words, everything rests on the need to develop green power.
Moreover, so far none of the startups for growing meat in a test tube has begun large-scale commercial production, so it is impossible to assess their real contribution to climate change. In any case, a rapid transition to green power is not expected, so this will most likely not help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from artificial meat production.
The safety of finished products also raises many questions. In particular, Impossible Foods is criticized because of the main ingredient in plant-based meat - "heme," which gives its products a "taste of meat." Farmers considered the evidence of the safety of the product unconvincing and sued the firm, but the court sided with it.
"Gem" distinguishes Impossible Foods from competitors like Beyond Meat, which say they do not use GMOs. In the product, it acts as a flavor and dye at the same time, which gives a reddish color and a metallic taste due to the content of iron. Natural heme can be obtained from blood and muscle fibers, namely hemoglobin and myoglobin. Moreover, independent testing of heme for safety for feeding people was not carried out - all studies were done by Impossible Foods itself.
Artificial meat came to Russia in 2019, the founder of the White Rabbit Family holding Boris Zarkov is called the initiator of the appearance of the product in restaurants. Beyond Meat was the first to come to the country. For July 2021, artificial meat is sold in retail chains of various price categories: from "ABC of Taste" to "Crossroads."
The choice of products is still small: cutlets for burgers for 1299 rubles for two pieces and sausages, which cost 1599 rubles for 4 pieces, and a finished burger weighing a little more than a kilogram will cost 4698 rubles.
| | I don't understand at all why artificial meat is needed as such. They say this will help save cows and gobies. Well, in this case, it is also necessary to protect sheep, ducks, and chickens, so that without discrimination, - said Arkady Novikov. | |
He is sure that artificial meat, if it becomes widespread in Russia, is not soon.
Gleb Marach, executive director of the 354 restaurant group of companies, considered that it would be difficult for Nemyas in Russia.
{{quote 'Russian people are used to eating real meat. If a person came to a restaurant and is ready to pay 3,000-4,000 rubles for high-quality beef or even more for delicious meat, for example, wagyu, then he would like to eat real beef, and not its surrogate, albeit environmentally futuristic, - said Gleb Marach. }}
But consumers did not share their opinions. According to the audit company Deloitte Consulting, about 47 percent of Russian residents aged 16 to 40 are ready to eat plant-based meat. In 2020, Russians ate artificial meat for 2.6 billion rubles, only 0.7 percent of European consumption. This is negligible compared to the natural meat market, which was valued at $2 trillion in 2019.
| | The audience's interest in plant meat is quite stable, there is no sharp increase in demand yet. New players continue to appear, a young and dynamic market, but so far very small, - admitted Dmitry Ilyukevich, category manager of the ABC of Taste network. | |
In Russia, their own brands of artificial meat have also appeared. The Efko company, for example, took up the development of such products; 4 billion rubles were invested in production. The sales market in Russia is very deep, and investments should pay off, hoped Efko Innovation CEO Andrei Zyuzin. The manufacturer promises that the product will taste the same as its natural counterparts. The company has large-scale plans: by 2022, it plans to produce up to 40 thousand tons of artificial meat and cover about 0.4 percent of meat production in Russia. The issue of prices remains unresolved, and the project can pay off in a few years, but on condition that the supply of "Nemyas" is set up in restaurants.
There are other players on the Russian market who produce or develop meat analogues. One of them is 3D Bioprinting Solutions. The company cooperates with the KFC network. Together, they began working on bioprinting technology that would produce chicken meat using a 3D bioprinter, using chicken cells and plant material - with almost no involvement in the animals' process.
| | Since these products are not competitive for beef for price, rather it may be more a tribute to fashion and the overall desire for sustainable food. We are witnessing a turning point in the development of the consumer market in the world, - commented Marat Ibragimov, senior analyst at Gazprombank. | |
| | If such products at a price are commensurate with meat and are available in Pyaterochki near the house, then they will be bought. Impossible Foods and Beyond Meat are striving for this in America - they are striving to reduce the price as much as possible, "says Alexei Ivanov, coordinator of the plant-based food promotion project" Eat Better. " | |
However, the import price of artificial meat is still too high - three thousand rubles per kilogram, which corresponds to the cost of premium beef or lamb.
Plant-based meat can replace ordinary meat, not only for ethical reasons, but also for religious reasons. In Russia, where there are almost 60 million Orthodox Christians, this is especially true, because during fasts many do not eat meat. The market definitely has prospects, but it is not yet possible to predict when it will fully reveal its potential. The high price, dubious environmental effect and other biases so far only interfere with the rapid development of the industry, which, however, does not prevent millions of dollars from being invested in it[4]
70 cell meat companies. Investment boom
The financing of startups engaged in the production of meat in the first half of 2021 exceeded last year's investment.
By June 2021, there are more than 70 cell meat companies in the world, and according to forecasts of Kearney consultants, by 2040 this industry will account for up to 35% of the global meat market of 1.8 trillion. dollars
The world's first cultivated meat factory opened in Israel
At the end of June 2021, the world's first factory for the production of meat grown in laboratory conditions was opened in Israel. The owners claim the new facility is capable of providing meat for up to 5,000 burgers without slaughtering livestock daily. Read more here.
Redefine Meat raises $29 million to sell artificial steak 3D printers
In early March 2021, startup Redefine Meat, which uses industrial 3D printing to create artificial steaks, raised $29 million in a Series A funding round led by venture capital firms Happiness Capital and Hanaco Ventures. They were joined by CPT Capital, Losa Group and Singapore venture capital firm K3 Ventures. Read more here.
2020: Singapore first in the world to approve the sale of artificial meat
In early December 2020, Singapore was the first in the world to approve the sale of artificial meat. Eat Just received the appropriate permission from the Republic's Food Agency. Read more here.
See also
Notes
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