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The Center for Quantum Technologies of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov creates quantum computers on two platforms - linearly optical and on neutral atoms in optical traps.
The quantum processor based on neutral atoms is a quantum register of single rubidium atoms captured in an array of optical tweezers. This technology makes it possible to create two-dimensional arrays of atoms with controlled interaction that can be used as physical qubits. This technology allows you to create two-dimensional and three-dimensional ordered structures of more than 36 single rubidium atoms. Each atom plays the role of a physical qubit; sublayers of ultrafine splitting of the ground state are used to encode logical states. Individual addressing is possible using auxiliary optical tweezers. Advantages of this solution: the tunable structure of the quantum register, the ability to create three-dimensional structures, flexible configuration and the ability to programmatically switch between "digital" and "analog" modes of operation.
The linearly optical quantum chip is based on encoding information into quantum states of single photons. Multiphoton states are then converted using a programmable linear optical interferometer and detected at the output using single photon counters. The dimension of the logical state space in such a system can be very large, which allows you to realize computational superiority over classical computers in a number of problems. The advantages of this platform are the low error rate and state decoherence of photons, the large dimension of the state space, the possibility of integral execution of most system components.
History
2026: Vulnerability Study of Quantum Key Distribution Systems
Specialists of the engineering and quantum laboratory of SFB Lab LLC (part of the InfoTeCS Group of Companies), together with the Center for Quantum Technologies of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, analyzed the vulnerability of quantum key distribution systems (KRK) using the widespread Decoy State protocol. InfoTeCS announced this on January 26, 2026. [1]Подробнее #.2A_.D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.86.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D1.8B_.C2.AB.D0.98.D0.BD.D1.84.D0.BE.D0.A2.D0.B5.D0.9A.D0.A1.C2.BB_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D1.83.D1.8F.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BC_.D0.BA.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.BE_.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BA.D0.BB.D1.8E.D1.87.D0.B5.D0.B9 здесь.
2025
Building a 72-qubit quantum computer
In December 2025, scientists from the Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University presented a prototype of a 72 quantum computer qubit based on neutral rubidium atoms. The development became the third Russian system to overcome the 70 qubit milestone.
Ekaterina Solntseva, director of quantum technologies at Rosatom, said that the achievement confirms the systemic development of the domestic quantum project. She emphasized the importance of a step towards improving the reliability of the operations performed. Solntseva also noted that the low error rate when performing quantum logic operations is a critical factor for increasing computer performance.
72-qubit
A feature of the new prototype was its architecture. The head of the quantum computing sector of the Center for Quantum Technologies, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov Stanislav Straupe explained that the computer registers of the machine are divided into three functional zones. One is for computing, and the other two are for long-term storage of quantum states and reading the received information.
Straupe noted that achieving a scale of several hundred high-quality qubits with high accuracy of operations by 2030 will allow the implementation of logical operations with error correction. According to him, this will open the possibility of launching unique algorithms, the solution of which is not available for classic computers.
According to TASS, experiments have shown that the prototype performs two-cube logical operations with an accuracy of 94%. This reliability indicator allows a wide range of practical studies to be carried out on the system. Dean of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University Vladimir Belokurov added that both leading specialists of the university and young scientists, graduate students and students participate in the development and testing of a quantum computer.[1]
Optical reflectometry of the RCC system in a wide spectral range
Specialists of the engineering and quantum laboratory LLC "SFB Lab" (part of the InfoTeCS Group of Companies) and the Center for Quantum Technologies of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov presented an experimental installation that made it possible to produce optical reflectometry of the quantum key distribution system (KRK) in a wide spectral range. InfoTeCS announced this on August 21, 2025. Read more here.
2024: Developing a quantum computing chip that has no analogues in the world
On May 30, 2024, it became known that Russian specialists from the Center for Quantum Technologies (CCT) of the Physics Department of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov developed a large-scale eight-channel programmable interferometer for quantum computing. It is stated that as of the specified date, the product has no analogues in the world.
The project, according to TASS, was told by the head of the laboratory of quantum light engineering at South Ural State University (SUSU), scientific director of the Central Committee of Moscow State SUSU Sergei Kulik. Russian researchers have manufactured one of the world's largest programmable multi-field interferometers for quantum systems using femtosecond laser printing technology.
As Kulik notes, quanta, that is, light, play the role of electrical signals in quantum computing. Special chips are used to process them. In the case of non-programmable products, they must be changed for each new step of the algorithm. The CCT of Moscow State University has developed and manufactured a programmable optical interferometer that eliminates this drawback: the moves of waveguides can be "reflagged" on the fly, doing this in relatively short periods of time - in hundredths of a second. Thus, the organization of quantum computing is significantly simplified.
According to Kulik, separate quantum computing platforms are produced on bulky installations that resemble classic computers of the 1950s and 60s in scale. Such calculations are an important tool for solving complex problems in various fields, including chemistry, biology and materials science. SUSU, as noted, will use a new domestic interferometer as part of projects based on its laboratory of quantum light engineering.[2]
Notes
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