Financing of the national project Digital Economy

Main article: Digital economy of Russia

Program Management Structure

Main article: Who and how manages the development of the digital economy

To manage the program, a complex system of checks and balances has been created from various government bodies.

Regulatory Regulation of the Digital Economy

At the TAdviser IT Government Day conference, held on October 10, 2017, Acting Director of the Department of Public Administration of the Ministry of Economic Development, FPM Malkov spoke about priorities and plans for the development of regulatory regulation of the digital economy. Read more here.

2024: 25.5 billion rubles allocated to support the "Digital Economy of Russia"

About 25.5 billion rubles will be spent on providing organizational, technical, expert, analytical and information support and supporting the implementation of the Digital Economy programs. This became known in mid-May 2024 from the federal project "Digital Public Administration" (TsSU) of the national program "Digital Economy."

As CNews writes with reference to this document, we are talking about the allocation of funds for the period from 2021 to 2030. During this time, support for the Digital Economy should be provided as follows:

• organizational and methodological support for the development and implementation of the national program;
• monitoring the implementation of federal projects, information and analytical support for the activities of the presidium of the government commission on digital development;
• information and communication support and promotion of the implementation of the national program in the media;
• ensuring coordination of digital transformation activities at all levels of government;
• development and updating of the system of indicators of the National Index for the Development of the Digital Economy of Russia.

About 25.5 billion rubles will be spent on the Digital Economy program

In addition, the allocated funds will be used to develop information materials in order to ensure the process of informing and popularizing the digital economy, digital services and services provided through a single portal of state and municipal services, as well as a single digital environment of state Internet resources. Finally, the declared budget includes the costs of creating and performing the functions of the project office for the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" and the Directorate of the National Program.

The publication reminds that initially the functions of the project office of the national program "Digital Economy" were performed by the ANO "Analytical Center under the Government," but subsequently they were transferred to the subordinate Ministry of Digital Science and the Center for Expertise and Coordination of Informatization (CECI).^[1]

2023

Spending on the development of the digital economy in Russia for the year increased by 6% to 5.15 trillion rubles

Spending on the development of the digital economy of Russia in 2022 reached 5.15 trillion rubles against 4.85 trillion rubles a year earlier (an increase of 6%). Such data at the end of January 2024, the Institute for Statistical Research and Knowledge Economics of the Higher School of Economics. The study was prepared jointly with the Ministry of Digital Development of Russia and Rosstat.

By the end of 2023, organizations accounted for about two-thirds of the gross domestic costs of developing the digital economy in Russia. The latter increased the cost of creating, distributing and using digital technologies and related products and services by 8.5% compared to 2022 - up to 3.2 trillion rubles. Household costs for the use of digital technologies and related goods and services in 2023 increased by 2.7% and reached 1.95 billion rubles.

Gross domestic expenditures on the development of the digital economy in relation to Russia's GDP in 2023 decreased to 3.4% from 3.6% in 2022. In the business and public sector segment, the share decreased from 2.2% to 2.1%, and household spending on the use of digital technologies and related goods and services in relation to the country's GDP decreased from 1.4% to 1.3%.

According to the authors of the study, in 2023, companies in Russia intensified efforts to create and implement new digital solutions, almost doubling the cost of research and development in the field of digital technologies. A high annual increase was observed in spending on digital content (+ 46.5% compared to 2022) and software (+ 8.5%).

The population most significantly increased spending on the purchase of audiovisual equipment (+ 18.8% in 2023 compared to 2022), repair of digital devices and payment for communication services (+ 4.6% each). Citizens' expenses for the purchase of computer equipment decreased by almost a quarter.

Digital Economics Brief Statistical Compendium

In the budget of the national project "Digital Economy" for the year did not master 5.8 billion rubles

The national program Digital Economy of the Russian Federation"" at the end of 2023 was implemented by 95.8%. Of the allocated 138.1 billion rubles , 132.3 billion rubles were spent. Thus, approximately 5.8 billion rubles remained undeveloped. The corresponding figures are given in a report Ministry of Finance of the Russian federation published on January 17, 2024.

Within the framework of the Digital Economy program, eight federal projects were implemented in 2023. Of these, three are fully implemented: "Regulatory regulation of the digital environment," "Digital technologies" and "Development of the human resources potential of the IT industry." 13.5 million rubles, 17.9 billion rubles and 10.9 billion rubles were allocated for them, respectively.

The largest federal project "Digital Public Administration" was completed by 92.5%: of the 75 billion rubles provided for it, approximately 69.4 billion rubles were spent. The projects "Personnel for the Digital Economy" and "Information Security" are 99.8% worked out. In the first case, out of 3.52 billion rubles, 3.51 billion rubles were spent, in the second - out of 6.92 billion rubles, 6.9 billion rubles were spent. The budget of the federal project "Information Infrastructure" was spent by 99.6% - 16.2 billion rubles from the provided 16.3 billion rubles. In the direction of "Artificial Intelligence" the level of execution was 99%: 7.48 billion rubles out of 7.55 billion rubles.

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko notes that digital transformation is one of the five national development goals of the country until 2030 and significant results have already been achieved on it. Digital maturity at the end of 2023 exceeded 74%. All planned socially significant services were transferred online, and IT costs exceeded 540 billion rubles. The number of users of the public services portal has almost doubled and reached 109 million people.^[2]

Reduction in funding by 11 billion rubles

The budget of the national program "Digital Economy" is reduced by 11 billion rubles. This was reported in an explanatory note published at the end of September 2023 to the draft federal budget for 2024 and for the planning period 2025-2026.

According to Interfax with reference to this document, budget allocations within the framework of the Digital Economy are planned in 2024 in the amount of 121.7 billion rubles, which is 8.4% less than laid down in the law on the budget for the three-year period in force by the end of September 2023.

The budgets of federal projects included in the Digital Economy program have also changed. Thus, the costs of the Digital Technologies project for 2024 were reduced by 4.2 billion rubles, to 11.9 billion rubles. In particular, 2.5 billion rubles reduced allocations for the implementation of projects for the development and implementation of Russian IT solutions, supported under the grant programs of the Russian Information Technology Development Fund (RFRIT). In addition, it is reported that the financing of Rostec's development of a system project for the production of telecom equipment for 5G networks and ensuring its serial production will be reduced by 3.5 billion rubles.

Financing of the federal project "Information Infrastructure" was reduced by 1.97 billion rubles - to 10.8 billion rubles. This is due to a decrease in budgetary allocations in a number of areas. In particular, it is planned to cut by 592.1 million rubles allocations for the creation of a digital secure communication infrastructure in government agencies, including for equipping digital subscriber devices.

Financing of the federal project "Information Security" is supposed to be cut by 7% (or 420.8 million rubles) compared to the figures laid down in the current budget - up to 5.6 billion rubles.^[3]

2022: Spending on the Digital Economy will be reduced by 30%

At the end of September 2022, it became known about a reduction in spending on 14 national projects in 2023 by 100 billion rubles - from 2.97 trillion to 2.87 trillion rubles. The largest budget reduction - by 30% to 57 billion rubles is expected under the Digital Economy national project, Vedomosti writes with reference to materials from the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

In 2024, it was proposed to reduce spending on the Digital Economy to 114.86 billion rubles, TASS reports with reference to the materials for the draft federal budget for 2023 and the planning period 2024-2025.

The budget for the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" in 2023 is planned to be reduced by 11.2%, to 6.4 billion rubles compared to the budget of 2022, and by 20.3% in 2024 - to 5.76 billion rubles.

{{quote 'The change in the financial support parameters of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" simultaneously with the general approaches to the formation of the Bill is due to an increase in budgetary allocations to support the development of competitive niche hardware and software systems for artificial intelligence in 2023 by 1,135,3 million rubles, in 2024, by 478.6 million rubles in connection with the redistribution of budget allocations from other measures, - according to the materials for the project. }} The budget for the federal project "Development of the personnel potential of the IT industry" in 2023 is planned to be increased by almost 225%, to 10.9 billion rubles. in comparison with the budget of 2022, and by 347% in 2024 - up to 16.88 billion rubles.

As of September 1, 2022, budget expenditures Russia for the implementation of national projects, according to preliminary data, amounted to 1.98 trillion rubles. According information to the Ministry of Finance, the costs of the Digital Economy national project were 30.7% fulfilled by that time^[4]

2021

Project financing was reduced by 1.225 billion rubles.

The Russian government sent to the State Duma bill No. 1258295-7 "On the federal budget for 2022 and for the planning period 2023 and 2024." According to the document, budgetary financing for the implementation of the national project "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" is planned in 2022 in the amount of 210.6 billion rubles, in 2023 - 190.5 billion rubles, in 2024 - 188.8 billion rubles. This became known on October 6, 2021.

The amounts of funding provided for in the bill, in comparison with those approved by law No. 385-FZ ("On the federal budget for 2021 and for the planning period 2022 and 2023"), in 2022 were reduced by 628.6 million rubles, in 2023 - by 582.2 million rubles, in 2024 by 14.6 million rubles. In total, the document provides for a decrease in budget injections for the next three years by 1.225 billion rubles. According to the 385-FZ, for the next three years, 591.255 billion rubles were allocated to finance the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation project. The bill provides for financing in the amount of 590.03 billion rubles.

According to the draft law, the Federal Project "Information Infrastructure" will lose 319.8 million rubles in 2022, and 164.3 million rubles in 2024, namely, the costs are proposed to be reduced for the conversion of the radio frequency spectrum in the interests of the development of 5G/IMT-2020 networks in the Russian Federation.

The federal project state "Digital Management" will receive less than 594 million rubles in total in three years. Basically, it is planned to redistribute funds between project segments. Financing for the introduction of digital technologies and platform solutions in the fields of public administration, priority sectors of the economy and the social sphere for the provision of state and municipal services and services for citizens and businesses in electronic form will decrease in 2022 by 1.596 billion rubles, and in 2023 - by 1.601 billion rubles. Instead, the segment in the federal project "Digital Public Administration" is proposed to send an additional 1.058 billion rubles. in 2022 and 1.063 billion rubles. in 2023 to ensure the development of the Unified Information System in the field of counteracting legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and financing terrorism Federal Financial Monitoring Service based on the creation and development of an intelligent digital technological platform for participants in the national system for combating the legalization of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism at the federal and regional levels. The segment "Providing organizational, technical, expert, analytical and information support and support for the implementation of the national program" Digital Economy of the Russian Federation "will receive 414 million rubles in three years over the plan.

The federal project "Artificial Intelligence" will lose 178.5 million in three years, mainly by cutting the budget for the autonomous non-profit organization "National Priorities" of a popularization campaign to increase confidence in artificial intelligence.

Sergey Levashov, head of the RAMAX Group Business Analytics Center, noted that the development of Digital Economy projects shows the variability in achieving program goals from 50% of implementation in 2019 to a completely satisfactory result for adjusted goals in 2020-2021.

The reduction in costs per billion rubles is within the framework of a statistical error based on budget figures of 210 billion rubles. for 2022. Nevertheless, you need to remember, that initially it was planned to spend 3.5 trillion rubles on the program, including extrabudgetary funding, of which 403 billion were spent until 2021. A significant adjustment of the budget plan took place in 2020 after the arrival of the updated federal government and, accordingly, another head of the Ministry of Digital Development. The correction amounted to 11% of the annual budget of 124 billion rubles. The seized funds were sent to the reserve fund. Conclusion: the state is very attentive to investments under the Digital Economy program, and the reduction in spending speaks of both a fairly high efficiency of resource control and the desire to optimize spending without prejudice to the goals of [5] program, - commented Sergey Levashov[6]

Digital Economy budget executed by 95.8%

The implementation of the federal budget of Russia for the implementation of the national project "Digital Economy" in 2021 amounted to 95.8% of the planned value. Such data on January 18, 2022 were provided by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

According to the department, by January 1, 2022, the spending of the budget of the Russian Federation on all national projects amounted to 2.549 trillion rubles from the planned indicators.

Deputy Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Nikolai Yatselenko said that in the draft budget for 2022-2024, about 600 billion rubles are provided for the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy." The document provides for the financing of the state program "Information Society" in the amount of 342.1 billion rubles in 2022, 321.9 billion rubles in 2023 and 314.6 billion rubles in 2024.

According to Yatselenko, Digital Economy is financed not only from the funds of the Information Society state program, but also from seven other state programs. In particular, these are "Development formations," "Providing affordable and comfortable housing," "Promoting employment," "Economic development and innovative economy," "Industrial development" and others.

According to him, the national project "Digital Economy," according to him, in the draft budget in 2022, 210.7 billion rubles were allocated, in 2023 - 190.5 billion rubles and in 2024 - 188.8 billion rubles.

These funds are enough to fulfill the presidential decree on national goals until 2030 and will achieve the national indicator "digital maturity," said the Deputy Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media.

At the same time, according to the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, published in 2021, federal budget expenditures for the implementation of the Digital Economy in 2020-2023. will amount to 667.2 billion rubles, including 211.3 billion rubles in 2022.^[7]

The government has decided on the costs of the Digital Economy national project in 2022-2024.

As it became known on September 21, 2021, the Government of the Russian Federation plans to allocate 210.7 billion rubles in 2022 for the implementation of the national project "Digital Economy." This is stated in an explanatory note to the draft federal budget for 2022-2024.

According to TASS with reference to this document, the budget allocations for the financial support of the implementation of the Digital Economy project in 2023 and 2024 should amount to 190.53 billion and 188.84 billion rubles, respectively.

11.58 billion rubles will be allocated for the implementation of the federal project "Personnel for the Digital Economy" in 2022, 14.36 billion rubles in 2023, and 18.21 billion rubles in 2024. It is planned to allocate 8.47 billion rubles to finance the Information Security fedproject in 2022, 8.32 billion rubles in 2023, and 6.54 billion rubles in 2024.

The federal project "Digital Technologies" will receive 31.75 billion rubles from the budget in 2022, 26.99 billion rubles in 2023, 20.11 billion rubles in 2024. It is assumed that 110.771 billion rubles will be allocated to finance the federal project "Digital Public Administration" in 2022, 96.01 billion rubles in 2023, and 90.58 billion rubles in 2024.

It also follows from the explanatory note to the bill that 6.41 billion, 5.84 billion and 5.84 billion rubles will be allocated for the federal project "Artificial Intelligence in 2022-2024. respectively.

It is noted that the volumes of budgetary allocations provided for by the bill compared to the volumes, approved by the federal law "On the federal budget for 2021 and for the planning period 2022 and 2023," in 2022 reduced by 628.6 million rubles, in 2023 - by 582.2 million rubles, and in 2024, compared to the volumes provided for by the project passport for 2024, they were reduced by 14.6 million rubles.^[8]

2020

Growth of state investments in federal IT projects by 60%, to 149 billion rubles - InfraOne

In 2020, state investments in federal digitalization projects amounted to 149 billion, rubles which is 60% more than a year earlier. Such a calculation is given in the analytical report InfraOne with reference to the data of the unified portal of the budget system Russia and the federal budget.

The study says that, like social infrastructure, the field of information and communication technologies in 2020 enjoyed increased attention of the authorities. Despite repeated revisions of funding related to the implementation of anti-crisis plans, the state invested significantly more in federal projects related to digitalization in 2020 than in 2019. And companies from this area, on the growth of interest, received almost 380 billion rubles of additional revenue, or more than 10% of the annual revenue, experts calculated.

According to their forecasts, published in early June 2021, in the next 3-year period, budget expenditures on the "figure" will remain high - at the level of 195-230 billion rubles annually - but they will mainly go to support the work of state systems, information security and the creation of a common infrastructure. Therefore, at least until 2025, the industry's need for private investment to implement intersectoral projects (for example, in transport, healthcare or "smart" urban improvement) will continue, according to InfraOne.

In general, it is planned to invest 194.8 billion rubles in 11 "digital" federal projects in 2021, including 157 billion rubles within the framework of the "Digital Economy." This is a 30% increase in actual spending for these purposes in 2020.

Increased budget investments in the industry are expected in subsequent years: in 2022 and 2023 they should reach 228 billion and 208 billion rubles, respectively. Almost half of these funds - 111 billion rubles and 96.5 billion rubles - are planned for the Digital Public Administration federal project. ^[9]

The budget of the Digital Economy in 2021-2023 will amount to 552 billion rubles.

Financing of the national project "Digital Economy" from the federal budget in 2021-2023 will amount to about 552 billion rubles. This was reported on October 1 by TASS with reference to materials for the draft federal budget for 2021 and the planning period 2022-2023.

According to the document, in 2021, 150.2 billion rubles are planned to finance the Digital Economy national project, in 2022 - 211.1 billion rubles, in 2023 - 190.7 billion rubles.

Thus, the budget of the Digital Economy will be reduced by 117 billion rubles (17.5%) compared to previously approved funding.

The most costly federal project "Digital Economy" in 2021-2023 will be "Digital Public Administration." It is planned to spend 268.7 billion rubles on it. Financing of the federal project "Information Infrastructure" will amount to 126.7 billion rubles, "Digital Technologies" - 80.6 billion rubles.

The project "Personnel for the Digital Economy" in 2021-2023 allocated 39.2 billion rubles, for "Information Security" - 19.85 billion rubles. It is planned to allocate 16.6 billion rubles for the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." "Regulatory regulation of the digital environment" will require funding in the amount of 542 million rubles.

The budget of the Digital Economy in 2021-2023. reduce by 92.1 billion rubles

In mid-September 2020, it became known about the government's decision to reduce spending on the implementation of a number of national programs, including Digital Economy. This follows from the explanatory note to the draft budget for the next three years.

According to TASS, citing the document, the financial support of the Digital Economy is planned to be reduced by 92.2 billion rubles.

The volumes of budgetary allocations provided for in the bill compared to the volumes approved by Law No. 380-FZ in 2021 were reduced by 24,174,5 million rubles, in 2022 - by 35,424,6 million rubles, in 2023 compared to the volumes provided for by the project passport for 2023, reduced by 32,632,5 million rubles, - according to the explanatory note to the draft budget.

According to the document, about 16.5 billion rubles will be allocated to finance the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" within the framework of the national program "Digital Economy" during 2021-2023. The bill for the costs of the Artificial Intelligence project provides for 4.1 billion rubles for 2021, 6.5 billion rubles for 2022, and 5.9 billion rubles for 2023.

In 2021, 2.245 trillion rubles will be allocated for national projects, in 2022 - 2.62 trillion rubles, in 2023 - 2.8 trillion rubles. In addition, in 2021, the authorities will spend 1.5 billion rubles more on information support for national projects than was expected before the plans were adjusted.

As the head of the Ministry of Finance Anton Siluanov said earlier, the reduction in funding for national projects will allow finding funds, in particular, for anti-crisis measures and the fight against the coronavirus COVID-19.

NKR Andrey Piskunov, Managing Director of the Ratings Group of the authorities Agency, noted that reducing spending on national projects in the next couple of years poses a less threat to their effectiveness compared to extending the deadlines for their implementation.^[10]

Ministry of Digital Development decided to increase the budget of Digital Economy to 2 trillion rubles

On September 16, 2020, it became known about the decision of the Ministry of Digital Development to increase the budget of the Digital Economy from 1.6 to almost 2 trillion rubles. The agency sent the corresponding draft passport of the national program to interested organizations. At the same time, it asked to agree on the document immediately on the day of receipt.

As Kommersant writes with reference to a copy of the Digital Economy passport project, it is proposed to increase funding for the program largely due to extrabudgetary sources - from 535 to 929.5 billion rubles. Sources of extrabudgetary funds are not indicated.

According to the proposed passport, funding will be reduced for federal projects "Regulatory Regulation of the Digital Environment" (to 1.4 from 1.6 billion rubles), "Information Infrastructure" (to 744.7 from 772.4 billion rubles), "Personnel for the Digital Economy" (to 135.9 billion from just over 143 billion rubles), "Information Security" (almost twice - to 17.1 from 30.2 billion rubles).

The document was sent to the head of the analytical center under the government Konstantin Kalinin and the general director of the ANO "Digital Economy" Yevgeny Konvoir on behalf of the deputy head of the Ministry of Digital Development of Digital Affairs Yevgeny Kislyakov.

According to IQReserve, a partner and director of Pavel Myasoyedov, one of the main reasons for revising spending within the Digital Economy could be the results of the self-isolation regime due to the outbreak of the coronavirus COVID-19.

The pandemic has shown how important it is for the population to have consistently working and safe services that will allow them to receive the entire range of social services without leaving home, "he explained, adding that during self-isolation, people used digital technologies for issuing benefits, registering the birth of children, obtaining public services. Moreover, the load on such services has increased, Myasoyedov emphasized.[11]

11% funding cut

At the disposal of TAdviser was a letter from the First Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation Tatyana Nesterenko to the head of the Federal Treasury Roman Artyukhin, in which the Ministry of Finance, citing the order of Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, asks to block the budgets of a number of departments for 2020 to be sent to the reserve fund.

The letter is dated April 17, 2020. The total amount of budget limits to be blocked is 55 billion rubles.

Under the national program "Digital Economy," the Ministry of Finance asks to block budgets in the amount of 14.34 billion rubles. This is more than 11% of 124 billion rubles, which make up the total amount of funds that were planned to be spent under the national program in 2020.

What events lost money

Some Digital Economy events were "cut" much more than by the average 10-12%.

In particular, the following are subject to blocking:

• all 1.5 billion rubles planned in 2020 for the introduction of 5G technologies;
• all 348 million rubles to support Russian ICT solutions in foreign markets and 184 out of 200 million pledged to generate demand for advanced Russian technologies, products, services and platform solutions;
• all 220 million state support for ANO "Competence Center for Import Substitution in ICT" Ilya Massukh;
• 214 out of 525 million to popularize digital public services, as well as 738 out of 908 million under the article on the creation of a single digital window for feedback and complaints against officials;
• all 1.5 billion rubles allocated for the digitalization of public services in the field of fire safety and human safety at water bodies;
• all 719.6 million rubles to create and ensure the functioning of the digital platform "Education in the Russian Federation for foreigners";
• all 584.9 million rubles allocated by Rossvyaz for research work on technological improvement and regulatory changes in the field of telecommunications and postal communications;
• 309.8 out of 1 billion to create a national data management system;
• 80.7 out of 146.3 million to determine the need for economic sectors, domestic companies and organizations in expert support for research and development in the areas of "end-to-end" digital technologies in the formation of new products and services;
• 130 out of 255.9 million to ensure coordination of measures for the digital transformation of authorities and the functioning of the competence center for the Digital Public Administration fedproject (on the basis of the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation);
• all 3 billion rubles to ensure the provision of priority mass socially significant state (municipal) services, state and other services in digital form;
• 1.4 out of 3.3 billion to provide coverage of the country's transport infrastructure with communication networks;

Significant amounts in absolute terms are blocked for a number of infrastructure projects:

• 520.3 million out of 2.55 billion planned to ensure the storage and processing of information of government agencies in the state unified cloud platform, as well as 330 million out of 2.2 billion for the introduction of a standard civil servant's workplace in government agencies based on domestic software;
• 973 million out of 9.6 billion to create a wireless network for socially significant objects;
• 957 million out of 19.4 billion for the provision of services for connecting to a data network that provides access to a single data network and/or to the Internet, and for the transfer of data when accessing this network;

What it means for the program

A TAdviser source close to the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications says that a reduction in the Digital Economy by 14 billion rubles is an unhelpful compromise.

When asked whether the Ministry of Finance consulted with the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications when choosing events to be reduced, the interlocutor of TAdviser answered positively.

Cut what was convenient to cut, the rest will be redistributed, he noted

In the future, according to the interlocutor of TAdviser, the program will change greatly for all federal projects. In the Digital Technologies project, for example, state-owned companies that have not yet been in the project passport will appear as responsible.

According to new federal projects - on artificial intelligence and digitalization of regions - the sources of financing are still incomprehensible, the source added.

Whether to expect a greater reduction in the costs of the national program, the source found it difficult to say, but noted that with an increase in the amount of blocked funds, there may be problems with key performance indicators that will have to be changed.

2019

50% of the planned results of the Digital Economy have not been achieved

Of the planned 64 results under the national Digital Economy program in 2019, only 36 or 56% were achieved. This is stated in the report of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.

Cash execution of expenses for Digital Economy at the end of 2019 amounted to 73.3% (73.8 billion rubles). Among the reasons for this low indicator, the Accounts Chamber named the new version of the national program, which was approved six months after its implementation in 2019, numerous changes to the program, as well as the redistribution of expenses between the results of federal projects (in 2019, 33 requests for changing the program and 54 requests for changing federal projects were approved). In addition, the untimely adoption of regulatory legal acts (entailed the later conclusion of agreements), the duration of procurement procedures and, as a result, the later conclusion of government contracts by customers, influenced.

Due to the low cash execution of expenses on the Digital Economy, the Ministry of Communications and the Rossvyaz subordinate to it, Roskomnadzor and Rospechat spent only 77.1% of the funds allocated from the federal budget.

The Accounts Chamber also revealed a lag in the implementation of the state program "Information Society." The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications allocated 240 billion rubles for the implementation of this project in 2019. Of these, the department spent 218.4 billion rubles (91%). Of the 74 targets, 12 were not met.

During the audit, the Accounts Chamber drew attention to a significant increase in receivables for expenses of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications and Rossvyaz. So, for the ministry, it grew more than 3.6 times over the year and amounted to 13.5 billion rubles. The reason is a significant increase in advance payments for government contracts, as well as an increase in the remaining subsidies that the department provided in 2019 to budgetary institutions and other legal entities.^[12]

Budget execution for the first nine months - at the level of 12.3%

On November 11, 2019, it became known that according to the results of the first nine months of 2019, the level of execution of federal budget expenditures for the national program "Digital Economy" was 12.3%. This follows from the report of the Accounts Chamber on budget execution for the specified period. Taking into account the fact that in 2019 108 billion rubles were allocated for this national program, by September 2019 only 13.3 billion rubles were spent.

Among the national programs, "Digital Economy" ranks 13th in this indicator, that is, the last place. According to the results of the first half of 2019, she was also in last place in this ranking.

The average level of execution of expenses for all national programs is 52.1%. This is 10.8 percentage points below the average level of execution of federal budget expenditures, which reaches 62.9%.

Press Secretary of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Yevgeny Novikov said that the low level of budget execution of the Digital Economy is explained by its complex management system. According to Novikov, the specifics of the national program involve making many changes.

Their approval is delayed due to the complex management system of the national program: its equal participant is a business represented by ANO "Digital Economy." But not a single decision in this area is made without business participation, noted Novikov Evgeny

According to Novikov, 13.3 billion rubles. - this is the amount for which state contracts were concluded and agreements for subsidies were signed. He said that as of the end of October 2019, the accounted obligations under the national program increased to 49.5 billion rubles (45.8% of the budget). State contracts have been concluded for this amount and agreements on subsidies for the implementation of the national program have already reached the level of 45.8%, that is, 49.5 billion rubles. According to estimates by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, at the end of November 2019, the execution of the Digital Economy budget will amount to 75 billion rubles, and at the end of December 103.5 billion rubles. At the end of the year, 95.7%^[13] will be contracted^[14].

Delays in budget development

Reduction in funding for the Digital Economy program by more than 2 times - up to 1.6 trillion rubles

On February 11, 2019, it became known that Government it published materials from the Presidential Council Russia for Strategic Development and National Projects dedicated to 12 national projects. Among others, a brief help on the national program "" has been published.Digital economy

According to the certificate, the total expenses of this program for the period 2018-2024. will amount to 1.634 trillion rubles. Of this amount, 1.1 trillion rubles. will have to allocate the federal budget, and 534 million rubles. should be taken from extrabudgetary sources. The indicated amount of expenses is more than half the amount that was included in the last version of the program (3.54 trillion rubles)

Including significantly reduced spending on the federal project "Digital Technologies and Projects" - up to 451.8 billion rubles. (reduction by more than three times) - and on the federal project "Digital Public Administration" - up to 235.7 billion rubles (reduction by more than four times).

Expenses in the amount of 865 million rubles were excluded from the federal project "Digital Public Administration." Apparently, these are the costs of informatization of state authorities already included in the federal budget. And the expenses of the federal project "Digital Technologists and Projects" decreased by 1.04 trillion rubles. - apparently, due to extrabudgetary funding. In total, expenses on both federal projects decreased by 1.87 trillion rubles.

Expenses for other federal projects remained at the level included in the previous version of the national program. 772 billion rubles will be spent on Information Infrastructure, 143 billion rubles on Personnel for the Digital Economy, 30 billion rubles on Information Security, and 1.7 billion rubles on regulatory regulation of the digital environment. Digital^[15].

2018

403 billion rubles allocated for the implementation of the Digital Economy program in 2019-2021.

As it became known on November 23, 2018 in the budget for the next three years, which the State Duma approved in the third reading, about 403 billion rubles were allocated for the implementation of the Digital Economy national program in 2019-2021. Of these, about 108 billion rubles. will be spent in 2019, a little more than 123 billion rubles. - in 2020, and almost 172 billion rubles. - in 2021. This is evidenced by the appendices to the budget law posted on the website of the legislative support system (SOD).

If we talk separately about the six directions that make up the national program, the funds were distributed as follows. About 152 billion rubles will be spent on information infrastructure. for three years, for digital public administration - just over 101 billion rubles, for digital technologies and projects - 88.5 billion rubles, for personnel for the digital economy - more than 46 billion rubles, for information security - more than 15 billion rubles, for regulatory regulation of the digital environment - 794 million rubles.

If we talk specifically about the next 2019, then the budget provides for such expenses in these six areas. About 41.7 billion rubles will be spent on information infrastructure, 29.2 billion rubles for digital public administration, 21.5 billion rubles for digital technologies and projects, 10.5 billion rubles for personnel for the digital economy, 4.8 billion rubles for information security, 265 million rubles for regulatory regulation of the digital environment.

As for 2020-2021, the following amounts have been determined in the budget for the implementation of the directions of the national program. 48 billion rubles. and 62 billion rubles. respectively, for digital public administration - 31 billion rubles. and 41 billion rubles, for digital technologies and projects - 25.5 billion rubles. and 41,6 billion rubles, for personnel for the digital economy - 13.3 billion rubles. and 22,4 billion rubles, for information security - 5.6 billion rubles. and 4,9 billion rubles, for regulatory regulation of the digital environment - 265 million rubles each.

In the direction of "Information Infrastructure" to provide coverage of transport infrastructure facilities with communication networks with the possibility of wireless voice and data transmission in 2019-2021. 500 million rubles, 2.8 billion rubles. and 4.4 billion rubles. respectively. In the same direction, 234 million rubles, 500 million rubles were reserved for joining the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug to the unified telecommunication network of Russia. And 4 billion rubles. in year.

As part of the Digital Public Administration direction, 153.4 million rubles are provided for providing information, analytical and expert-analytical support in the field of control and supervisory activities. Per year. 2019-2021 million rubles, 510.5 million rubles were reserved for the creation of a national data management system in 502.8 and 509.8 million rubles. respectively.

The direction "Personnel for the Digital Economy" includes such an event as holding thematic shifts in seasonal camps for schoolchildren in the advanced areas of discrete mathematics, computer science, digital technologies, for which in the next three years it is planned to allocate more than 470 million rubles. annually.

Within the framework of the same direction, about 1.8 billion rubles are provided for the development and dissemination of the best experience in the field of digital skills formation in 2019 and 2020, and 2.7 billion rubles in 2021. 250 million rubles have been reserved for the provision of grants to individuals for the implementation of projects in the field of the digital economy. Annually. It is planned to spend 309 million rubles on the replication of the best practices for the development of digital literacy of schoolchildren on the basis of Russian schools abroad. In 2019 and 340 million rubles. - in 2021. The amount for 2020 is not in the appendix to the budget law.

In the direction of "Information Security," 150 million rubles were reserved to bring the level of security of critical information infrastructure facilities to those established by law. In 2020 and 100 million rubles. in 2021. The value for 2019 is not indicated. The creation and operation of the Public Communication Network Monitoring and Management Center, as well as the creation, operation and development of a public communication network monitoring and management information system is provided for in 2019-2021. 597 million rubles, 699 million rubles. and 546 million rubles. respectively.

To ensure the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of individuals, businesses and the state from threats to information security in the digital economy, it is planned to allocate 834 million rubles, 454 million rubles. and 409 million rubles. in year. Creating conditions for global competitiveness in the field of export of domestic developments and technologies for ensuring information security will cost 104 million rubles, 119 million rubles. and 139 million rubles. in year.

State support for the autonomous non-profit organization "Competence Center for Import Substitution in the Field of Information and Communication Technologies" will amount to 34.7 million rubles. annually.

In the direction of "Digital Technologies and Projects" for the implementation of a set of measures to support the development and implementation by Russian organizations of technologies, products, services and platform solutions in order to increase the availability of Russian software and hardware systems for the digital transformation of priority sectors of the economy and social sphere in 2019-2021. 2 billion rubles are provided annually. annually.

2.1 billion rubles, 2.8 billion rubles were reserved for the development and implementation of road maps for the development of promising "end-to-end" digital technologies. And 6 billion rubles. per year. State support for leading companies in the development of products, services and platform solutions based on "end-to-end" digital technologies will cost the budget 3 billion rubles, 2.5 billion rubles. and 5.5 billion rubles. in year.

Support for projects to transform priority sectors of the economy and social sphere based on the introduction of domestic products, services and platform solutions created on the basis of "end-to-end" digital technologies will amount to 11.7 billion rubles in 2019-2021. rub., 15.7 billion rubles. and 25.6 billion rubles. in year.

In September 2018, the head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Konstantin Noskov reported that the budget of the Digital Economy national program in 2019-2024. will amount to 2.16 trillion rubles. At the end of 2017, the former head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Nikolai Nikiforov said that the required amount of funding for the program would be 520 billion rubles.

In early August 2018, RBC wrote with reference to the draft document of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications that the budget of the Digital Economy until 2024 could exceed 3.5 trillion rubles. By that time, Nikolai Nikiforov no longer held the post of head of the ministry - Konstantin Noskov became the Minister of Communications and Digital Development.

The curator of the digitalization of the Russian economy Maxim Akimov said that about 1 trillion rubles will be allocated from the budget for the Digital Economy. for five years. In early September 2018, he repeated his words, specifying that we are talking about a little more than 1 trillion rubles. for the implementation of the program until 2024^[16].

How is 1 trillion rubles allocated to the digital economy by the government of the Russian Federation

On October 16, 2018, the head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Konstantin Noskov presented the final version of the Digital Economy national project.

Its main task is to make a breakthrough in improving the quality of life, modernizing the economy, public administration, infrastructure based on the use of digital technologies, Noskov said. The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications calls this the only chance for Russia to become a global world leader in economic development. By 2024, Russia will strive for leadership in the field of mathematical education, export of ICT products, availability of mobile Internet, and develop scientific potential in the field of the digital economy.

Federal budget expenditures on the Digital Economy national project until 2024 will amount to 1 trillion 80 billion rubles. This funding is planned to be allocated in addition to the ICT expenditures of federal departments, which each year amount to 110-120 billion rubles.

The new trillion will be distributed between the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Economic Development, as shown in the slide below. In 2019, about 95 billion rubles will be allocated through the Ministry of Digital Development. Further, there will be an increase in years - 120 billion, 150 billion, 250 billion, and so on, Konstantin Noskov explained earlier in an interview with TAdviser.

In addition to federal investments, it is planned to attract funding for projects in the field of digitalization from business and regional authorities.

We are working to provide the business with various options for investment projects that they can invest in for consideration. We will talk about infrastructure and data centers, - said Noskov in an interview with TAdviser. - These can be projects on microelectronics, because we will increase the demand, for example, for sensors for the Internet of Things. We will look for such projects and offer them to businessmen. Or just name the areas where we see explosive demand

The federal budget found an additional trillion for the national program "Digital Economy"

According to Vedomosti, the passport of the draft national program "Digital Economy," approved by the government in September 2018, assumes costs of 3.5 trillion rubles, of which 2 trillion rubles. for 2018-2024. must spend the federal budget.

820 billion rubles. federal funds, i.e. about 117 billion rubles. per year, previously were planned for the informatization of government agencies.

The informatization of government agencies means the organization of jobs for employees of ministries and departments, ensuring their communication, the development of their own IT systems and support for state information systems (GIS), Ilya Massukh, director of the competence center for import substitution in the IT sphere, explained to Vedomosti.

Earlier it was planned that the amount of federal funds allocated for the program will amount to about 1.15 trillion rubles.

Now we are laying about 2 trillion. 1.08 trillion are additional budget funds, and we expect at least the same amount from extrabudgetary sources, - said Konstantin Noskov, head of the Ministry of Digital Development.

The expenses planned for the national program relate only to the federal budget and extrabudgetary sources, but do not include regional expenses.

Cost plan of RUB 2.6 trillion for the period 2018-2024 Cost table

Below is the calculation of the costs of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation," in accordance with the project submitted by the Ministry of Digital Science to the government in August 2018.

Financial support for the implementation of the national program

No. N/n	Name of the federal project and sources of financing	Amount of financial support by years of sale (million rubles)							Total (million rubles)
		2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1.	Federal Project "Regulatory Regulation of the Digital Environment," including:	220	290	300	250	250		250	1,850
1.1.	Federal Budget	220	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	1 720
1.2.	budgets of state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
1.3.	consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1.4.	extra-budgetary sources	-	40	40	50	-	-	-	130
2	Federal Project "Personnel for the Digital Economy," including:	439	10,533	22,056	32,434	23,196	24,322	30,650	143,631
2.1.	Federal Budget	439	10,163	20,481	29,899	23,196	24,322	30,650	139,151
2.2.	budgets of state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
2.3.	consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2.4.	extra-budgetary sources	-	370	1 575	2 535	-	-	4480
3.	Federal Project "Digital Technologies and Projects," including:	1,496	17 501	18 156	22 870	25 950	29 800	14 700	130 473
3.1.	Federal Budget	1 137	16 710	17 617	22 210	25 250	29 250	14 250	126 424
3.2.	budgets of state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
3.3.	consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
3.4.	extrabudgetary sources	359	791	539	660	700	550	450	4,049
4.	Federal Project "Information Infrastructure," including:	-	173 289	526 948	381 504	354 872	353 529	342 394	2 132 536
4.1.	Federal Budget	445	78,073	117 824	131 204	104 872	103 529	92 394	628 341
4.2.	budgets of state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
4.3.	consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
4.4.	extrabudgetary sources	-	95 216	409 124	250 300	250 000	250 000	250 000	1 504 640
5.	Federal Project "Information Security," including:	364	7,403	9,533	9,315	1,050	979	773	29,417
5.1.	Federal Budget	364	4,815	5,569	4,781	1,050	979	773	18 331
5.2.	budgets of state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
5.3.	consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
5.4.	extrabudgetary sources	-	2,588	3,964	4,534	-	-	-	11,086
6.	Federal Project "Digital State," including:	4,762	26,188	43,966	47,484	38,293	37,600	39,554	237,847
6.1.	Federal Budget	4762	26,188	43,966	47,484	38,293	37,600	39,554	237 847
6.2.	budgets of state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
6.3.	consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
6.4.	extrabudgetary sources	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total for the national project at the expense of all sources, including:		7 726	235 204	620 949	493 907	443 611	446 480	428 321	2 676 198
Federal Budget		7 367	136 199	205 707	235 828	192 911	195 930	177 871	1 151 813
budgets of state extrabudgetary funds of the Russian Federation		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-|-
consolidated budgets of constituent entities of the Russian Federation		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
extrabudgetary sources		359	99 005	415 242	| 250 700 | | 250 550	| 1 524 385

Spending on the digital economy in Russia was estimated at 1.2 trillion rubles

On August 21, 2018, a new estimate of spending on the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy" was named. 1.2 trillion rubles can be allocated from the federal budget, which will be spent over five years - from 2019 to 2024, Vedomosti writes with reference to materials for the meeting with Russian Deputy Finance Minister Andrei Ivanov.

According to newspaper sources, the draft costs for the digital economy are intermediate - it provides money only for 2019-2021. According to the meeting participant, after agreement with the Ministry of Finance, significant changes can be made to the project.

Most investments - 627.9 billion rubles - will be required to create an information infrastructure: communication networks, data centers, the introduction of new data platforms. On digital technologies for civil servants can spend 233.1 billion rubles, on training officials and business - 138.9 billion rubles, on information security - 18 billion rubles, on improving the Russian legal system - 1.5 billion rubles.

Ilya Massukh, director of the competence center for import substitution in the IT sphere, doubts that 18 billion rubles will be enough to finance IT security. In his opinion, these costs should be at least 20% of the cost of creating infrastructure. Massuch hopes that spending will increase in the preparation of the federal budget.

According to Vedomosti, sources of extrabudgetary funding will still be looking. The program compilers should decide how to use public-private partnerships, change legislation, etc.

By August 20, 2018, as a representative of the Ministry of Economic Development told the publication, funding for the program is being discussed. He did not give the rest of the details of these negotiations. Earlier, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Maxim Akimov, as the newspaper recalls, said that the digital economy program could require about 1 trillion rubles in five years.^[17]

The budget of the Digital Economy program is estimated at 3.5 trillion rubles

On August 7, 2018, the preliminary budget of the national program "Digital Economy" became known  - more than 3.5 trillion rubles until 2024. Most of the money will go to infrastructure development, digitalization of public services and health care.

The publication RBC from the draft document, which (Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media responsible for the implementation of the program) should be submitted to the government on August 15 , 2018, learned about the costs of the Digital Economy.

According to one of the program developers, the budget was ready in June. At the same time, it can be adjusted by the time it is submitted to the government. In this regard, the amount of 3.5 trillion rubles can both grow and decrease.

The most expensive area of ​ ​ the Digital Economy will be the Information Infrastructure project , within which it is planned to create a global satellite system to cover the entire planet with wireless Internet access , as well as develop fifth-generation mobile networks (5G)  and the Internet of Things. Expenses, according to preliminary calculations, will amount to 993 billion rubles, of which 688 billion rubles will need to be attracted from the federal budget.

For the implementation of the project "Digital State," which will subsequently be renamed "Digital State Administration"; the transfer of public services and public administration to digital format, 621 billion rubles will be required, the direction should be fully financed from the federal budget.

In addition, the Digital Project Support Ecosystem project, which aims to create financial support for digital technology developers, will require 465 billion rubles, Digital Technologies and Projects - 195 billion rubles, Personnel for the Digital Economy - 134 billion rubles, Information Security - 25 billion. Also, about 1 billion rubles are planned to be spent on finalizing the regulatory framework for the development of the digital economy.^[18]

The government allocated 3 billion rubles for the development of the digital economy

At the end of March 2018, Dmitry Medvedev signed a decree on the allocation of budgetary allocations in the amount of 3.04 billion rubles from the government reserve fund to finance priority measures in a number of areas of the Digital Economy program. They are intended, in particular, for events within the framework of the directions "Information Infrastructure," "Formation of Research Competencies and Technological Groundwork" and "Information Security."

Of this amount, the largest allocations were allocated through the Ministry of Communications: 1.604 billion rubles for the development of information infrastructure and 350 million rubles as subsidies for the implementation of a number of activities of the "Center for Import Substitution Competencies in the ICT Sector." The latter - according to the action plan of the "Information Security" direction.

In the direction of information security, 13.6 million rubles will also be received by the Ministry of Industry and Trade.

To form research competencies and technological reserves assigned to Rosatom, 505 million rubles are allocated.

In the direction of information infrastructure, 399.6 million rubles will be allocated to Rosreestr, 15.5 million rubles - to the Ministry of Economic Development, 15 million rubles - to the Ministry of Transport and 3 million rubles - to the FSB of Russia.

The allocation of 134 million rubles is intended for the Office of the President as subsidies to the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation.

2017

Planned cybersecurity funding

Estimate of expenses from the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications - 520 billion rubles

On December 18, 2017, the head Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Nikolay Nikiforov said that the implementation of the Digital Economy program may require more than half a trillion rubles.

In general, today such decisions have not been made, and they will be separately considered as part of the subsequent budget planning cycle. The approved action plan as a whole requests about 520 billion rubles of funding, of which about 150 billion is budgetary financing, Nikiforov told reporters following a meeting with Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev.

According to Nikiforov, serious extrabudgetary financing is also planned - more than 300 billion rubles, which will be provided by the largest companies in the industry. The minister added that the implementation of the Digital Economy program, which is generally designed until 2024, can be started in January 2018.

During the meeting, the Prime Minister approved four action plans. The first of them concerns regulatory regulation, the second - technological and research groundwork. The third plan affects infrastructure, the fourth - information security issues. Dmitry Medvedev instructed to complete work on a plan of measures related to personnel in January 2018.^[19]

As Vedomosti writes with reference to a representative of Rostelecom, if Nikiforov's calculations are correct, the most expensive event of the Digital Economy may be the creation of an information infrastructure. The total costs under the approved Information Infrastructure roadmap will amount to 436.6 billion rubles.

Almost 70% of the funds - 299 billion rubles - are proposed to be spent on the creation of a constellation of communication satellites covering the whole world. It is planned that it will be fully funded from extrabudgetary sources, the newspaper reports, referring to the project plan.^[20]

The creation of the country's digital infrastructure was estimated at almost half a trillion rubles

The creation of digital infrastructure within the framework of the state program "Digital Economy" in the next three years will cost 427 billion rubles. Only 98.6 billion will be required from the budget for these purposes, and the bulk will be from extrabudgetary sources. Such calculations were made by Rostelecom, which prepared an action plan for the Digital Infrastructure program, Vedomosti writes in November.

The developers of the document propose to direct the bulk of the funds to the creation of a constellation of communication satellites with global coverage. Funding is expected to be fully allocated from extrabudgetary sources. The budget, in turn, will have to allocate 53.6 billion rubles to connect remote settlements, social institutions and government agencies to the Internet.

The plan also proposes to create digital infrastructure platforms that consolidate a database of satellite images and geographical maps of Russia, a database of biometric data of citizens, etc.

Rostelecom explained that the calculations are based on completed and concluded state contracts, as well as expert assessments. However, the plan has not yet been considered by the government and will be finalized.

Which areas of the digital economy are underfunded. Opinions

At the end of 2016, Communications Minister Nikolai Nikiforov spoke about the lack of IT budgets of federal government agencies for the development of the digital economy. TAdviser found out which areas, according to domestic IT experts, are underfunded, and in which there are reserves for redistribution in favor of underfunded ones.

Andrey Burin, head of the department for work with the public sector, the company "Force-Center Development" (GC "Force"), believes that in some areas the provided amount of financing is really insufficient.

This applies, first of all, to the humanitarian sphere - research and development, training and education in the field of high technologies. Moreover, the development of these areas should take into account not only the best world practices, but also the experience of an excellent domestic school, which gave an excellent basic education, - the expert of the Force Development Center told TAdviser.

Separately, he notes the need to translate cultural heritage into digital format - archival documents, historical certificates, library collections, works of art, films, music, which, in general, should significantly increase the availability of this information in educational processes, which currently often proceed remotely.

According to Andrei Burin, the more correct way is not to redistribute funding, but to concentrate efforts on the following areas:

• systematization of achievements in the field of informatization of federal authorities in order to develop uniform requirements for integration processes, information security issues, which should lead to the creation of mechanisms for the reuse of accumulated experience for different categories of customers, as well as mechanisms for assessing the applicability of proprietary or freely distributed software;
• improving efficiency of operation of state information systems by developing standard requirements to the level of provision of the corresponding service, forming a knowledge base, but the most important thing is unconditional observance of the life cycle of creating automated systems, which includes design, development, testing, implementation and replication processes.

According to Evgeny Kuchik, CEO of BOSS. Human resources systems, "the digital economy requires significantly larger investments than is being done now and for this purpose IT budgets of federal government agencies are clearly insufficient. There are no reserves for the redistribution of funding by and large, he said.

Yuri Mazurov, head of the commercial directorate of the Asteros group, says that given the general economic situation in the country, it would be rash to assume that any budget areas are now not experiencing financial problems.

Against this background, the underfunding of the development of the digital economy, which was mentioned by the Minister of Communications Nikolai Nikiforov, probably takes place, but such an assessment is fair in relation to other areas in the structure of the country's economy, primarily socially significant, Mazurov said.

As for the items of expenditure within the program for the transition to the digital economy, here, in his opinion, the areas related to information storage of data are "underfunded" with ensuring their information security. Also, due to ascetic financing, biometric identification systems are poorly developed, little attention is paid to the introduction of a single data bus, on the basis of which it is possible to repeatedly expand the existing list of public services to citizens, he says.

Mikhail Alekseev, Senior Vice President of Maykor, General Director of CRT Service (part of Maykor), believes that the volumes of existing IT budgets of federal ministries and departments are currently insufficient for the successful development of the digital economy. However, it is impossible to talk about the underfunding of specific areas today - rather, the general deficit of financing in the IT of federal government agencies is visible.

Thus, in the absence of a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of allocating funds for the maintenance of outdated equipment, the established procedures for developing and approving budgets do not always allow government agencies to make a choice in favor of introducing innovative solutions. At the same time, it is obvious that the departments providing a full and clear justification of the need for the requested budgets are provided with funds, he notes.

Vladimir Andreev, president of Docsvision, also agrees that the IT budgets of federal government agencies are insufficient for the development of the digital economy.

Of course it is. As far as we know, no one has allocated any additional budgets to replace imported office software to federal government agencies. However, it is not possible to solve this problem within the specified time frame and within the existing IT budgets. In addition to purchasing new domestic software, it is necessary to finance projects for the migration of accumulated data calculated by terabytes from old software to new. There are no internal reserves in IT budgets, because no one has canceled the tasks related to the development of electronic public services, he says.

Andrei Bogomolov, senior vice president of Technoserv, recalls that according to the estimates of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia, the implementation of the Digital Economy program will require 100 billion rubles annually by 2025. These costs include infrastructure upgrades - communications networks and data centers.

As you know, the total IT budget of the federal authorities in 2016 amounted to about 106 billion rubles, but if you carefully look at the list of directions of the Digital Economy program, we can conclude that not all directions lie in the area of ​ ​ responsibility of the federal authorities directly. The ecosystem of the digital economy should not be created solely through funding from the federal budget. Regional and sectoral projects should definitely be co-financed from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, sectoral state programs and extrabudgetary sources of funding, he said.

At the same time, in his opinion, projects related to the creation and modernization of information infrastructure (communication networks, data centers, digital platforms, information security) can and should be implemented on the basis of venture investment mechanisms and PPPs. Digital infrastructure objects can be created and operated by large companies (including state-owned companies and state-owned corporations), such as Sberbank of Russia, Rostelecom, Rostec State Corporation, Rosatom State Corporation, FSUE Russian Post, Yandex, Mail.Ru Group, Kaspersky Lab (Kaspersky), InfoWatch, system integrators.

For example, Rostelecom recently announced that the operator has been investing more than 300 billion rubles in the Russian digital economy for 5 years. This is normal world practice - data centers, 5G and LPWA networks in many countries are created by private companies. Socially significant digital services will be provided free of charge, and in order to recoup their investments, private partners will be able to monetize additional services and datasets created on the basis of digital service platforms, he continues.

According to Bogomolov, it is advisable to redistribute the released funds towards the creation of sectoral digital platforms, the creation of open pilot platforms in key sectors of the economy, with the active involvement of future consumers of digital technologies (here the experience of creating an Central Bank of the Russian Federation ecosystem "" Masterchain Russian National Blockchain Network- "digital sandbox" for testing blockchain technology by participants in the financial market is indicative). This will not only speed up the process of introducing digital technologies, but also receive operational feedback communication from future consumers at the stage of prototyping. It is known that one of the first government agencies for digital transformation has already been chosen by Federal Registration Service Attorney General's Office the Russian Federation.

It is important to competently coordinate financing, because many events of the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation program, one way or another, intersect with the launched NTI projects, which, as you know, are also financed from the federal budget. In 2017, the Government of the Russian Federation will allocate 8.5 billion rubles for them, and in 2018 the financing base for NTI projects will amount to 13.2 billion rubles. In addition, there are such financing tools as, Innovation Fund - Foundation for the Development of Small Forms of Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere,, ASYA,, RVC,, Skolkovo Foundation, IIDF- WEB Innovations Rusnano RDIF REC concludes the vice president of Technoserv.

Tagir Yapparov, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the AiTi Group of Companies, says that over the past three years, departmental budgets for IT have not grown due to the difficult economic situation that the country faced in 2014. Therefore, the bulk of the IT budgets of departments were directed to support and develop "old" systems created earlier.

At the same time, one cannot but say that new topics such as analytics, big data, blockchain, artificial intelligence are not discussed as promising for federal departments. Now there is an active professional discussion, the topic of which is the digital transformation of public administration, the development of approaches, methodology, specific solutions for these problems. For example, we are now discussing with federal departments such topics as: unstructured data analytics using machine learning methods, "digitalization of law," data ontology and many others, some of them are already being implemented in specific projects. I think that within the framework of the Digital Economy program, additional funds will be allocated for these innovative topics, "he says.

Vladimir Kokhan, Commercial Director of Digital Design, believes that in order to transition to the digital economy, there is a great need for R&D financing in order to determine priority ways to develop information technologies in specific government agencies, as well as determine ways to achieve the goals of the "digital economy."

At the same time, according to him, many areas of informatization are perceived and financed as service, without realizing the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the work of the authority as a whole due to the development, for example, of external and internal portals, documentation management systems, including their development to industry, control over the execution of orders and project management, audit automation systems, communication systems.

Noticeable budget funds can be released as a result of savings after the first wave of import substitution is carried out. We hope that the released funds will go to real steps towards the transition to the digital economy, he notes.

According to Vladimir Sizykh, Marketing Director of RDTECH, the Digitalization program clearly shows that regulation of the legal field is primarily required.

After a transparent coordinate system is built, the IT community will quickly be able to help find the necessary solutions to execute the program, he believes.

Viktor Serebryakov, vice president of the Lanit group of companies, believes that serious reforms and legislative changes are needed to stimulate the development of the digital economy. It is in this part that the state should help the market.

In the end, some kind of fund for the implementation of the program is likely to appear. The question is from which sources this fund will be filled, "he says.

Russian software developers offered support for 30 billion

The draft action plan of the Digital Economy program under the Information Security section provides for a set of measures to support domestic software developers (software) and assess appropriate funding. The document was developed by the Center for Competence in this area, created on the basis of Sberbank, Russian^[21] were ^[22]

Although this proposal runs under the Information Security section, it covers support for software developers of various types, not just security programs.

According to CNews estimates, it is proposed to allocate 29.63 billion rubles for various measures to support software developers in 2018-2020. Of this amount, 11.65 billion rubles. it is proposed to take from the federal budget, 17.98 billion rubles. - from extrabudgetary sources (funds of state funds).

The proposed measures can be roughly divided into three directions. The first of them is the creation of mechanisms to stimulate the development of domestic software. For these purposes, it is planned to allocate 21.5 billion rubles, including 5 billion rubles. it is proposed to take from the federal budget, 16.5 billion rubles. - from extrabudgetary sources.

IIDF Will Validate Software Developers

One of the proposed measures is that the Internet Initiatives Development Fund (IIDF) will spend 900 million rubles. on the acceleration of the development teams of domestic software (funding will be taken from extrabudgetary sources). IIDF is already engaged in acceleration (training, support, nurturing) of teams-developers of Internet projects, this model is proposed to be used for teams of software developers.

The accelerator will have to finance the project for the development of software for the benefit of the digital economy and carry out its mentoring support within three to six months. The condition for support will be the entry of the IIDF into the authorized capital of the startup. This should contribute to the development and commercialization of the development of relevant projects. After the specified period, the accelerator will have to sell a stake in the project to its founders or third-party investors, ensuring profit.

Grants from the Bortnik Foundation

Another area of ​ ​ support is the allocation of grants to small innovative enterprises for the development and commercialization of domestic software. For these purposes, the Innovation Assistance Fund (Bortnik Fund) is proposed to spend 6.5 billion rubles, of which 5 billion rubles. will be taken from the federal budget, the remaining 1.5 billion rubles. - from extrabudgetary sources.

Grants will be allocated on a competitive basis, the size of one grant will be up to 20 million rubles. The authors of the document believe that grant support for small innovative enterprises will contribute not only to solving individual problems, but also to commercializing developments.

It is proposed to allocate 4.5 billion rubles for co-investment and investment programs in the authorized capital of developers of domestic software from extrabudgetary sources. These funds will be provided by VEB and its subsidiary, VEB-Innovations.

A similar amount, also from extrabudgetary sources, is planned to be used to create venture capital funds to finance software development. This event is proposed to be entrusted to the Russian Venture Company (RVC).

It is proposed to send 2.5 billion rubles from extrabudgetary sources to concessional lending (lending with reduced interest rates) of software developers. This will be done by the Industrial Development Fund (FRP). To this end, the necessary amendments will be made to the charter of the FRP.

Support of Russian software abroad and in new markets

Another 1.3 billion rubles. from extrabudgetary sources it is planned to allocate to support innovative domestic software developments focused on new markets. This event will be carried out by the Development Fund of the Center for the Development and Commercialization of New Technologies (Skolkovo Foundation).

As part of this event, it is planned to provide domestic software developers with support infrastructure: consulting support, services in the field of intellectual property, access to the necessary equipment. It is also supposed to provide tax and other benefits.

It is proposed to allocate 1.3 billion rubles from extrabudgetary sources to support export-oriented software developers. We are talking about such measures as insurance support for exports, assistance in entering new markets, the development of an export financing system provided by insurance coverage and insurance of short-term receivables of a foreign buyer.

Stimulating the use of domestic software

The second direction of support for domestic software developers is to stimulate the use of their developments. For these purposes, it is proposed to allocate 2.48 billion rubles, including 1 billion rubles. from the federal budget.

Within this area, it is planned to develop measures to stimulate the use of domestic software by industrial enterprises. For these purposes, the Ministry of Industry and Trade is invited to allocate 1 billion rubles from the federal budget. One of the proposed measures is to subsidize the interest rate on loans issued to industrial enterprises for the purchase and implementation of domestic software.

The Russian Export Center (REC) is invited to spend 1.3 billion rubles from extrabudgetary sources on the implementation of mechanisms to stimulate the use of software abroad. REC will provide financial (lending, insurance, bank guarantees) and non-financial services to exporters, help overcome barriers and remove "systemic" restrictions to stimulate the use of domestic software abroad.

The Skolkovo Foundation will spend 180 million rubles. from extrabudgetary sources to familiarize large companies with domestic software. In particular, he will assist in the refinement of the existing software for the needs of the customer.

VEB will finance the digital economy

On August 24, 2017, it became known that digital economy projects would be financed with the help of Vnesheconombank (VEB). The Russian government instructed the Ministry of Economy, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Communications to work out the relevant mechanisms, according to the website of the Cabinet.^[23]

According to the report, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev instructed "to develop proposals for the volume and mechanisms of financing by Vnesheconombank of high-tech and innovative projects, including those implemented under the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation program, and to ensure the consideration of these proposals at a meeting of the Supervisory Board of Vnesheconombank."

It is also reported that from September 1, 2017, all proposals made by the executive authorities and state extrabudgetary funds on the development of the digital economy and the creation of information systems in the fields of public administration and socio-economic development will be considered within the framework of the management system for the implementation of the Digital Economy program.

According to Medvedev, we are talking not only about financing the program, but also about eliminating administrative barriers to its implementation.

For business to come to the "figure," you need to think about what financial support to it to provide, tax regimes to create, administrative barriers to eliminate. Legislation should not constrain entrepreneurial activity and scientific thought. It must adapt, and here the limits of its expansion are quite serious. They are limited only to direct violation of the law or issues related to national security, - said the head of government at a meeting on the implementation of the Digital Economy program, which took place on August 15, 2017.

The proposals of the ministries will be considered at a meeting of the Supervisory Board of Vnesheconombank, which is scheduled for October.

Nikiforov: Building a digital economy will require 100 billion rubles a year

The current estimate of annual costs within the framework of the operational plan of the Digital Economy program, which is to be developed and approved, is about 100 billion rubles, said in July 2017, Minister of Communications and Mass Communications Nikolai Nikiforov^[24].

He added that a significant part of these funds is already contained in federal budget expenditures, but additional allocation of money will be partially required, Interfax quoted the minister as saying. This will require a fundamentally different model for managing the implementation and financial support of the program.

Earlier, after analyzing the IT budgets of federal government agencies, TAdviser estimated their total spending on informatization in 2016 at a little more than 100 million rubles (read more).

Nikiforov also asked to approve the Digital Economy program as a whole and instruct the government to approve it.

The Minister of Communications proposes to start the implementation of the Digital Economy program from such areas as health care, public administration and a "smart city."

What tools do we propose to achieve further implementation of a specific result? The first areas where we believe it is necessary to apply these approaches should be health care, public administration and a "smart city," he said, speaking at a meeting of the Presidential Council for Strategic Development and Priority Projects.

Nikiforov explained that these areas were chosen because there is the highest role of the state, as well as social significance. However, the program is not limited to these areas, changes are planned in other industries, which will gradually expand.

The Digital Economy program itself is not an operational document, it is a fixation of our goals for 2024, to which we must immediately begin to strive to move. And we will move towards them within the framework of an operational document, the so-called sliding three-year plan, "he explained.

In his opinion, this document should be approved by the government and clarified annually.

2016

Nikiforov: IT budgets of Russian government agencies are insufficient

On December 14, 2016, Minister of Communications Nikolai Nikiforov announced the lack of IT budgets of federal government agencies for the development of the digital economy.

We are instructed to prepare a comprehensive program for the development of the digital economy in Russia, as well as continue to develop the infrastructure that will become the foundation of the digital economy in our country. We are talking about a comprehensive strategy, within the framework of which the question of the sufficiency of state spending on informatization will be raised, "he said. - Currently, the expenses at the level of federal executive bodies in our country relative to the total federal budget expenditures are much less than in the leading countries of the world - they barely exceed half a percent

According to TAdviser estimates, the IT budget of Russian federal government agencies (about 100 billion rubles - see more) is 0.6% of the total expenditures of the federal budget of Russia (16.1 trillion rubles). For comparison, in the United States this ratio is at the level of 2.2% - the IT budget is $80 billion, and the total budget is $3.68 trillion.

Notes