IT in federal departments of Russia

Digital transformation of public administration (strategic direction)

Main article: Digital transformation of public administration (strategic direction)

Import substitution of software in the public sector

Main article: Import substitution of software in the public sector

Chronology of events

2023

The Accounts Chamber, when checking the GIS for the year, found violations of 14.1 billion rubles

Accounts Chamber Russia Based on the results of the audit of state information systems (GIS) for 2023, it revealed violations totaling 14.1 billion. rubles The report on the results of the control body was presented to the general public on March 28, 2024.

During the audit, 14 control measures were carried out, of which five were carried out as part of the monitoring of budget implementation. As the newspaper notes, special attention was paid to the audit of digital development and state support for entrepreneurship. One of the key objects of verification was GIS "Official website for posting information about state and municipal institutions in the information and telecommunication network" Internet. " The audit revealed imperfection of legislation in the field of information technology.

According to the results of the GIS audit for 2023, the Accounts Chamber revealed violations totaling 14.1 billion rubles

The Accounts Chamber noted the positive experience of the Federal Treasury in developing internal regulatory support for IT activities. Auditors recommended that Ministry of Digital Development consider extending this practice as a model for managing information technology.

During the audit, the interim results of the sectoral set of audit measures aimed at digitalizing public administration were also summed up. The publication notes that the main problem in this area remains the lack of clear criteria for the mandatory classification of information systems as state.

In the field of entrepreneurship support audit, the Accounts Chamber conducted an audit of information systems used to plan, provide and monitor support measures for small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs). The auditors revealed insufficient information support for SMEs and the lack of a unified information system containing consolidated information about the sector.

According to the data presented in the report, the total amount of expenses for information systems in the field of SMEs amounted to 7.077 billion rubles, of which 3.4 billion rubles were allocated to SME Corporation JSC, 1.935 billion rubles - to the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, and 1.742 billion rubles - to the Federal Tax Service of Russia^[1]

Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation recorded an annual reduction in the IT budgets of government bodies by 20%

The budget for the digitalization of federal and regional authorities in Russia for four years (by 2023) is reduced by about 20% annually. Such data at the end of November 2023 was disclosed by the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation.

According to RIA Novosti, referring to the statements of the head of the department Maksut Shadayev, the reduction in the IT budgets of government agencies creates certain difficulties for the entire information technology industry in Russia. The fact is that it is the state that is traditionally one of the main customers in the IT market. According to the minister, "large-scale and ambitious" tasks for digitalization of the authorities have been set. But the decrease in funding creates difficulties.

In fact, we recently considered how our IT budget of federal authorities and regions has changed, in general we saw some kind of magical trend. It seems to me that the financing of both federal authorities and regions has been reduced by 20 percent annually [in four years], "says Shadayev.

It is noted that in 2024 the Ministry of Digital Development will resume the issuance of grants to IT startups and large customers of developments in the relevant area. According to the department's estimates, in 2024, the public sector may increase spending on domestic software by about 3.4 times compared to the period 2019-2021. Thus, the share of state-owned companies' costs for Russian software will amount to about 80% of the total IT market, exceeding 650 billion rubles. Dmitry Sorokin, head of the development department of domestic IT solutions at Softline, notes that in the current geopolitical situation, the highest demand for domestic solutions is observed in the most significant segments for the work of the state apparatus - financial institutions and the fuel and energy complex.^[2]

Digitalization of the public sector: key areas and priorities at the federal level

In Russia, one of the highest indicators of digitalization of the public sector and the availability of electronic services for the population. Many GIS have been implemented in the country, and serious funding is allocated for their support and development. The public sector is one of the growth points of the Russian IT industry: departments and state corporations remain key customers of various IT systems and services despite sanctions and budget cuts.

The most priority digitalization projects of the industry are carried out within the framework of the federal project "Digital Public Administration" of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation." Their implementation is aimed at the digital transformation of the public administration system, which will provide a new level of provision of services necessary to improve the quality of life of citizens and business development.

We are seeing an increase in the number of projects, behind which there are not just KPIs and instructions, but a desire to help solve a particular problem, make life and services better. We are involved in the creation of socially oriented systems and see how the approach to digital interaction between the state and the population, the state and business is changing. For example, digital platforms such as EMIAS, Public services, МСП.РФ constantly improve customer experience, develop on the basis of feedback, make services more accessible and closer, - comments Sergey Kovtun, partner, general director of the integrator Notamedia.

Gradual transition to the use of the Unified Digital Platform "GosTech"

GosTech is a cloud solution for federal and regional authorities - a simple and universal tool for developing state information systems and various services. The platform allows you to increase the quality and speed of creating and implementing digital state services. The solution is based entirely on domestic data centers. GosTech also directly affects the strengthening of Russia's technological sovereignty. Using the platform, developers can sell software to government agencies without participating in tenders.

From April 2023, all new federal GIS should be created on the GosTech platform. For regional GIS, this requirement will begin to operate on January 1, 2024. By order of the Russian Government, Rostelecom was chosen as the only supplier for state contracts for the creation, operation and development of GIS on the platform.

By the end of 2023, 24 federal authorities and 8 regions will be transferred to GosTech, primarily in the field of health care, education, transport, sports and construction. By 2026, at least 100 services and systems should switch to the platform. First of all, those that are being recreated or radically modernized.

Also at GosTech, the Ecology and Nature Management domain is being created, within the framework of which GIS Ecomonitoring, Roshydromet 2.0, Ecokontrol, FSIS of the forest complex and others will be created.

A new public transport monitoring system will also work on the basis of the platform, which will allow organizing the collection of data on passenger transportation according to unified standards. The system will accumulate information about the schedule, routes, the state of the fleet of vehicles and other data.

The introduction of cloud technologies is an important area of ​ ​ digitalization of government agencies. The transition to clouds as the main vector of infrastructure development of state institutions and corporations was determined a few years ago. An important incentive for this was the ability to optimize resources - financial and hardware - by sharing infrastructure. Today, in conditions of a shortage of hardware capacity, this factor is becoming even more significant, "comments Oleg Sazhin, Advisor to the General Director of Content AI.

Operation and development of e-government infrastructure

Digital tools reduce administrative barriers, save citizens time, simplify company registration, obtaining approvals and permits. This direction is one of the key tasks of the Russian Ministry of Digital Development, which is aimed at improving the provision of public services in electronic form.

Remote interaction between the population and the state without personal visits to government agencies and the MPSC is provided by the Federal GIS "Unified Portal of State and Municipal Services."

To interact with citizens and business, collect feedback, not only the capabilities of single platforms are used, but also, for example, chatbots. If the chatbot needs to combine and analyze data from different systems to respond, software robots are connected to them. The integration of RPA with voice modules and AI tools also allows the creation of voice assistants that recognize a user's speech, analyze their responses, and execute commands. Digitalization of relations with the state requires not only the creation of various online services - some kind of "frontend," but also serious work with the "backend" - reaching a new level of maturity of business processes, their automation, digitization of documents, creation of unified databases. This comprehensive work allows us to achieve tangible results in accelerating the work of departments, increasing the availability of services and satisfaction with the quality of their implementation. This means that we will fulfill the transformation plans within the framework of the federal project "Digital Public Administration" of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation," - said Pavel Borchenko, Managing Director of ROBIN, SL Soft.

{{quote 'Thanks to the use of digital technologies, social sectors are becoming more mobile and, as a result, the quality and coverage of the social services provided is increasing. The digitalization of targeted social assistance programs is now becoming the most relevant, especially in the context of the accession of new territories, where the speed of providing support to the population is a priority. Thanks to the automation of the collection of information about citizens using the system of interdepartmental information interaction, the time costs of citizens to collect documents are significantly reduced and the need for physical presence in government agencies disappears. These and other aspects of the digitalization of the support process made it possible to ensure the availability of services as soon as possible, "says Alisa Bakhorina, director of the program of projects for the development of the social sphere of the Russian Federation at the IT developer OTR 2000. }}

Import substitution

With the departure of Western vendors, it became clear that the Russian market needs autonomous domestic IT solutions. But there are areas where it is not possible to replace imported developments overnight, since many Western programs have been developed and adapted to specific tasks and needs of companies for decades. And therefore, there is a need to create solutions that, even with Western components, will be as manageable, predictable and safe as possible, which will help eliminate all kinds of risks.

For example, a project was implemented to create state communication services (Group of company Systematica) - domestic office software for effective and safe interaction of employees of state authorities. It includes a messenger, mail, audio and video calls, a calendar and also a file storage with joint editing of documents. The introduction of such programs is consistent with the import substitution policy and strengthens the technological sovereignty of Russia.

Obviously, at the moment it is difficult to achieve complete import independence. The main problem is the absence of Russian Highend in all segments of iron. There are no Russian super-powerful servers, DSS, switching and other things. You can, of course, import with parallel imports, but it also has its own restrictions - the main thing is that there will be no direct support from the vendor. Another priority is to replace existing information systems and GIS. This direction is in demand not only due to the departure of Western giants Microsoft, Oracle, IBM and others. In FOIVs there were planned upgrades of GIS, for example, modernization of AIS Tax 4. However, the current situation spurred government agencies to a complete transition to domestic similar decisions. Now Russian circulation products, which were previously used in departments, are in great demand, and require significant updates and improvements. As an example, I will give the creation of an intelligent archive, with the ability to build an almost unlimited number of complex reports - this is today a very popular topic in departments. Softline has a pool of business applications on the basis of which you can build a completely import-independent Russian content management ecosystem, - comments Igor Leypi, director of the department for work with state organizations Softline.

In some cases, it is state structures that are a platform for rolling in new technological practices and solutions, which are further widespread among large and medium-sized businesses, and even individual users. Today, such innovations, first of all, include large-scale "Linux," which moves in line with import substitution. Government departments will have to fundamentally rebuild the internal IT infrastructure as soon as possible, abandoning Windows software in favor of the OS and system-wide software on Linux. Of course, this has a significant impact on the Russian market. All the resources of its players are currently aimed at solving this problem, which includes the need to port the existing software, adapt it to new technological environments, and work out the compatibility of products with other solutions that are the same new ones, "says Oleg Sazhin, Advisor to the General Director of Content AI.

According to the expert, the process of a complete transition of the public sector to Linux can take 2-3 years. During this time, Russian vendors will be able to release their own native Linux products with fairly developed functionality, and integrators will gain experience in implementing such solutions.

The next stage of import substitution is due to the fact that Microsoft continues to reduce business volumes in Russia. Now most organizations are engaged in the transition to Russian operating systems, which is of paramount importance, and with them they have to replace most of the user software. This will not affect only those applications that were originally created as cross-platform or can work through a browser, but there are actually few of them in the public sector circuit. Most Russian business application vendors will have to refine their solutions and undergo additional certification in order to meet the requirements of government agencies, - confirms Pavel Borchenko, Managing Director of ROBIN, SL Soft.

Development of the mobile application "State Key"

"State Key" is the main technical solution of a single digital platform for signing and storing documents. The application allows you to obtain an electronic signature certificate and sign electronic documents with it inside the system. According to the results of the second quarter of 2023, more than 2.5 million certificates of enhanced electronic signature were issued using the State Key mobile application, more than 3 million documents were signed.

Access to the service is opened by a confirmed account on "Public services," an electronic signature certificate is created and stored in the application, without installing special software. "State Key" is in demand today both from the population and from business, allowing you to conduct safe transactions, sign the necessary documents and receive public services.

Digital services for voters, referendum participants, candidates and electoral associations, members of election commissions

They allow you to submit applications for voting at the location (Mobile Voter service), participate in remote electronic voting and sign in support of the nomination of a candidate in electronic form.

***

In addition to the obvious changes in the technological vector, experts note changes in the management approach: today government departments are aimed at digitizing all internal and external processes. Now all interaction with the state must take place in electronic form.

Much attention is paid to digitalization associated with key performance indicators. The popular opinion is that a government manager who does not apply metrics in his work is much less effective.

There is a task with a very high priority - to create a single mechanism for mutual exchange data between the executive authorities. On the one hand, the presence of digital processes within each department is the opportunity to receive any type of services as quickly and efficiently and well track their performance, which increases the transparency of state actions for the population and organizations. On the other hand, interaction between departments makes it possible to use unified reference and transactional data to understand how, for example, changes in demographics affect work, transport or how they should affect. This makes it possible to solve more voluminous problems, - said Oleg Hyatsintov, CTO of DIS Group.

There is also a growing demand for decision support systems. Including high-load BI systems for processing large amounts of data. The main trends in analytics are the strengthening of interdepartmental interaction, when data are consolidated from dozens of industry or regional GIS, the growth of requirements for interactivity and data visualization, that is, instead of dry statistics - visual dashboards with an instant response to task parameters, as well as auto-construction of predictive (predictive) models, including using AI. Here, in the framework of decision support, technologies for automating joint work at different levels of government are in demand. For example, creation of automated workstations (AWS), storage systems and access to information and others. The transition from "patchwork" GIS to integrated digital systems continues, - comments Sergey Kovtun, partner, general director of the integrator Notamedia.

Which federal departments are doing well in the field of digital transformation

TAdviser The interviewed experts highlight several government agencies - leaders in digital transformation. This, in particular,,, Federal Treasury,, and Federal Tax Service Social Fund of Russia. MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS Accounts Chamber Central Bank of Russia The link uniting them is Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media.

As one of the import substitution tools in federal departments, RPA is increasingly used. For example, to double-enter or migrate data during a transition from one information system to another.

Thus, robots are effectively used in the Accounts Chamber of Russia. The RPA toolkit in combination with BI analytics allows you to move from sample checks to continuous checks and implement, among others, the check of budget estimates and murals. Robots upload data from the GIS "Electronic Budget" and transfer it to the BI system with which inspectors work, creating their own inspection scenarios using low-code tools. This allows you to identify an order of magnitude more violations than before. After all, robots can analyze tens, or even hundreds of thousands of documents in detail, and identify any errors.

Companies with state participation are the main customers of the ROBIN RPA platform since 2018, and government organizations have begun to be actively interested in software robotization over the past year and a half. This is largely due to the departure of Western vendors from the Russian market and increased information security requirements, "says Pavel Borchenko, Managing Director of ROBIN, SL Soft.

Digitalization of another department - the Federal Treasury is carried out in five areas:

• working with data;
• artificial intelligence;
• clientocentricity,
• import substitution;
• information security.

Over the past few years, the Treasury has introduced a number of advanced solutions in the field of public finance management, for example, the unified treasury account system, carried out import substitution at the Electronic Budget GIIS, carried out control over treasury support, and formed a serious system for monitoring federal projects implemented for state budget funds. All this made it possible to increase the manageability and transparency of government projects.

One of them is the analysis of the checkpoints of measures implemented for national projects. Every day, data with planned points is collected into the data lake, an update is made on the facts of execution. If it is not fixed on time, an "auto incident" is generated. It is received by the responsible performer, who must work it out according to the standard methodology. The experience is planned to be extended to all state programs, and then to subjects.

Also, the Treasury Artificial Intelligence Laboratory has introduced speech recognition technology in the management of dashboards and in contact centers for speech analysis and improving the efficiency of interaction with clients. At the prototype level, forecasting of treasury balances has been developed and is already being implemented. This will help solve the problem of managing them using artificial intelligence algorithms.

By 2025, the department plans to completely transfer the basic components of the GIS FK to an independent technological stack.

As a developer of intelligent information processing products, we are closely following the growth in the use of solutions based on artificial intelligence technologies. Many state structures, including regional ones, introduce AI products into the work of departments in the areas of, health care,, formations transport and public security. pattern recognition Technologies, speech, patterns of industrial and other data are most in demand. Every year neuronets , other methods are being used more and more actively machine learning on the basis of big data, - comments Oleg Sazhin, adviser to the general director of Content AI.

The absolute leader in the field of digitalization, representatives of the IT industry unanimously call the Federal Tax Service of Russia. The Federal Tax Service has gone a long way from completely paper keeping records and queues to electronic reporting, accrual and payment of taxes. Due to automation, the department has increased tax collection, and the process itself for individuals and legal entities has become noticeably easier, not to mention the constant simplification of the process of obtaining services.

The tax office has completely transformed its processes, making them client-oriented, easy. Now everyone can electronically, without leaving home, submit a reporting form, fill out a declaration, check the calculation of taxes, as well as pay them. Separately, it is worth noting the contact center, where without a long wait it is possible to consult and get the necessary information. The Federal Tax Service was one of the first to present its platform nalog.ru and set the level of service that is being studied and scaled on other public services.

The Federal Tax Service introduces artificial intelligence technologies in the provision of public services and in 2023 fully launched the Unified Tax Account project, which simplifies the monthly payment of taxes by businesses several times.

We see changes in tax policy, the ability to track your checks. I also note the implementations in the Accounts Chamber from the point of view of creating a Data driven organization, not just working with data, but making decisions based on them. Another agency that attracts attention is the Central Bank of Russia, which conducts most of its activities related to supervision and the formation of financial policy on the basis of those data from the market of credit institutions, and in this regard, a lot of processes, of course, are already digital, "says Oleg Hyatsintov, technical director of DIS Group.

The merger of the FIU and the FSS into one fund simplified the lives of families with children, pensioners and other recipients of state support. The departments were one of the first to launch a super service to proactively inform citizens about the onset of life events. And also do not stop launching new measures to support low-income families and families with children. These and other services are available to any citizen of Russia on single portal Public services Ministry of Digital Development of Russia.

One of the main trends in the digitalization of the public sector in a rapidly changing geopolitical situation is operational access to information, maximum territorial coverage and, as a result, work with big data. Federal government authorities are not only a "bank of their own data," but also accumulate data from external information providers. Monitoring of the standard of living of the population, fertility, mortality - in general, health indicators, the economic situation of the country, digitalization, etc. Based on the data obtained, predictive management models are being built in these areas and measures to support industries and the population as a whole are being targeted, - notes Alisa Bakhorina, director of the program of projects for the development of the social sphere of the Russian Federation at the IT developer OTR 2000.

Under the auspices of the Ministry of Digital Development of Russia, within the framework of one of the directions of the national goal "Digital Transformation," it became possible not only to transfer a colossal volume of services to electronic form (and this is more than 7,700 regional and over 20,850 municipal services), but also to constantly increase the availability and quality of the Internet.

Thus, the public sector in Russia demonstrates high indicators of technological development. Over the past ten years, a large-scale digital transformation has been made, affecting all departments and institutions, both vertically and horizontally.

The state, with the help of digital technologies, can effectively collect, analyze, use and store information at all levels. This makes it possible to control the quality of work of any government agencies based on accessible and transparent data.

***

The digitalization of public services for the population in Russia today is at a very high level and is one of the best in the world. At the same time, there are many more areas in the public sector that need development and digital transformation. It is necessary to develop and implement IT solutions that ensure the technological sovereignty and security of the country, including information security solutions and developments in the field of AI. The tasks of the development of the "sovereign IT market" will stimulate the growth of investments in the state figure.

57% of civil servants believe that after the imposition of sanctions in Russia, the speed of digitalization has increased

The Polilog agency shared an analytical report on departmental digitalization in Russia with TAdviser on March 28, 2023 . According to the results of the study, more than 70% of state funds have been digitized in federal government agencies. More than 30% of civil servants do not face printed documents at all. 74% of civil servants named the latest legal requirements as the main incentive for digitalization. The key trends in working with data are customer-centric (90%) and GosTech (78%).

Digital data includes many formats: scans, excel, entries in registries and databases, electronic documents signed with a digital signature, etc. Polilog conducted a survey of civil servants to find out which digital formats are used most often, and what is gradually becoming a thing of the past. The study involved 72 civil servants from more than 10 departments.

The amount of data digitized in federal government agencies is uneven. 30% of respondents say that from 90% to 100% of state funds are digitized in their departments. At the same time, in other government agencies, almost 17% of civil servants replied that the volume of digitized data does not exceed 30%.

{{quote 'We see that at the federal level, government agencies, indeed, have practically stopped working with "paper." Even archival data, which for many years accumulated in boxes in separate rooms, was partially digitized - mainly those that have to be accessed often. It is important to understand that the situation with the digitization of data may differ from department to department, and the results of the survey confirm this: there are "leaders," where almost 100% of the data is digitized, and there are those where the indicator does not reach 30%, - commented Lyudmila Bogatyreva, to water. Sciences, Head of the Department of Digital Solutions of the Polilog Agency. }}

{{quote 'Data digitization is an important process on the way of digital transformation of public administration, but, as the survey shows, this process does not lead to a direct intensification of the use of data by civil servants in their activities in making decisions. The increase in the speed of data digitization, in addition to the importance of import substitution, is associated with the objective accumulated potential for digitalization and the use of data from GIS, in other words, with the growing level of digital maturity of departments, - commented on the candidate of sociological sciences, head of the International Laboratory of Digital Transformation in Public Administration of the IGiMU NIU VSHEEuzheniy Styrin. }}

100% of civil servants face scans, excel is in second place, and electronic documents signed with a digital signature are in third place. The least respondents work with records in registers and databases in information systems, as well as with "paper." The survey results showed that more than 70% of respondents practically do not encounter data on paper. However, in some cases, they were replaced not by full-fledged digital data that can be quickly processed and analyzed, but by scans - all respondents work with them.

{{quote "One of the key stages of the information system implementation is the recognition and migration to it of data from excel tables, scans and even" paper "accumulated over many years. From a technical point of view, this is a difficult and slow process that uses various technologies, up to artificial intelligence. In our experience, government agencies are implementing it gradually, expanding the amount of data in registers every year. However, the survey results show that the amount of data obtained by civil servants from table files and scans is still large, although the "paper" has already been completely eradicated. The share of data in state information systems (registers and databases) is directly related to the level and quality of digitalization of processes. For example, the provision of services without civil servants or with their minimal participation is possible only on the basis of high-quality machine-readable information in databases, and not on the basis of scans. Therefore, further digitalization of the authorities will be characterized by an increase in the number of information in registers and databases and a reduction in all other categories of information, - commented Lyudmila Bogatyreva. }}

Data in the form of digital scans are still not machine-readable, therefore their value for a civil servant is slightly lower than if there was access to data elements inside digitized documents. Nevertheless, we note the high level of work of civil servants with data in the form of tables and with data from state information systems, - commented Yevgeny Styrin.

Basically, civil servants receive data through digital communication channels: an electronic document management system (94% of respondents) and various information systems (73% of respondents). Less often - through instant messengers and e-mail: 51% and 50%, respectively.

{{quote 'Systems for providing public services, state functions and electronic document management are the most common IT solutions in government agencies. They are protected from the point of view of information security, almost all employees receive from them the texture necessary for work. However, sometimes employees use instant messengers to exchange data. Data in instant messengers is much less protected than in departmental information systems. You should be aware that as soon as the data enters the external circuit, the risks of their "leakage" immediately multiply increase. That is why from March 1, 2023, officials are prohibited from using foreign messengers. The state cannot guarantee the protection of information that is transmitted through them, - commented Lyudmila Bogatyreva. }}

The main obstacle to full digitization, employees of federal government agencies called the lack of motivation (50% of respondents). Lack of funding prevents the digitalization of data according to 35% of civil servants. In turn, too much data, or the difficulty in distributing responsibility for digitization, scares them weakly - no more than 30% of respondents stated these obstacles.

Speaking about incentives for digitalization, civil servants, first of all, note the legislative requirements (74% of respondents). Other factors (customer-centric nature, improving the quality of work within the department) are secondary, only 39% of civil servants mentioned them. At the same time, more than 90% of respondents called the main trend in the digitization of state data customer centrism. It is followed by GosTech (78%), the provision of services without human participation (57%), artificial intelligence (39%) and low/no-code solutions (21%).

Clientocentric is not the first among the factors that stimulate departmental digitalization, but it is it that is distinguished as the main trend. How can this be explained? The state stimulates a client-centric approach with new legislative requirements: the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia within the framework of the project "State for People," and Ministry of Digital Development Russia within the framework of GosTech. In both of these projects, customer focus takes a key place, but they were launched not so long ago and government agencies have not yet received a full list of instructions within their framework, "commented Lyudmila Bogatyreva.

Important in the survey is the identified connection of client centrism in the provision of public services to citizens and businesses and the digitization of state data. It is important to maintain the joint development of both trends in public administration, since only in this case public administration becomes "smart" and focused on the individual needs of citizens, - commented Yevgeny Styrin.

57% of respondents believe that after the imposition of sanctions, the pace of departmental digitalization not only did not decrease, but also increased.

This is largely due to the fact that government agencies began a policy of import substitution back in 2015, when Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1236 was issued, which established a ban on the admission of foreign software for state and municipal needs. As a result, by 2022, government agencies approached more prepared and found themselves in a less vulnerable position when foreign vendors left Russia. After a year, it can already be stated that the departure of foreign IT companies did not have a negative impact on the speed of departmental digitalization, "commented Lyudmila Bogatyreva.

2022

Money for gadgets for civil servants will go to infrastructure development

Ministry of Digital Development September 2, 2022 announced that it would direct budgetary funds to the development of computing infrastructure for state systems - one of the priority areas in the field of state digital transformation. Earlier, the funds were planned to be directed to smartphones for civil servants. At the same time, public sector employees do not experience a shortage of mobile devices, and the issue of communications security has been resolved, among other things, by reliable protection of the communication infrastructure itself.

Reallocation of budget funds is a standard procedure provided for more efficient budget spending. The plans are adjusted annually and allow you to update the directions of funding.

Import substitution at the beginning of September 2022 is one of the most important priorities of the state: industrial competence centers have been created to replace foreign industry digital products and solutions, work is underway with vendors and developers to develop system-wide and application software. In this regard, the transition to the Russian operational system, domestic software and equipment is the consistent work of the Ministry of Digital Development on the way to import independence.

The Ministry of Digital Development has developed criteria for classifying IT systems as state

At the end of August 2022, the Ministry of Digital Development presented the criteria for classifying IT systems as state ones developed by the department. The document was developed, among other things, taking into account the report of the Accounts Chamber, which states that the legislation of the Russian Federation does not regulate the criteria for the mandatory classification of information systems as GIS.

According to Interfax with reference to the bill developed by the Ministry of Digital Development (amends the federal law "On Information, Information Technologies and Information Protection"), GIS is proposed to include all systems created to exercise the powers of government agencies, or to ensure the exchange of information between government agencies, or to collect and process information received by authorities and organizations providing public services, as well as to carry out other functions established by federal and regional legislation.

The document distinguishes between federal and regional GIS. Federal GIS is proposed to include InformSystems created on the basis of federal laws, acts of the president and the government, legal acts of federal departments. Regional GIS can be created on the basis of regional laws, acts of heads of subjects and senior executive authorities the subject, as well as on the basis of legal acts of regional departments.

In addition, the project provides for the transfer of authority to the government to determine the cases and procedure for suspending activities and financing the creation and operation of GIS if violations of requirements for information systems are identified.

At the end of August 2022, the Accounts Chamber in its report proposed to extend the uniform GIS criteria to all government agencies and other state organizations by February 28, 2023, as well as to create a single state information resource, which will indicate complete and reliable information about the functions, services, powers of all government agencies and state organizations.^[3]

The Accounts Chamber criticized the "patchwork" of the IT landscape in public administration and "departmental wells"

The Accounts Chamber assessed the current state of federal state information systems in terms of the prospects for digitalization of public administration. According to the report on the results of this assessment, which TAdviser got acquainted with on August 29, auditors identified many problems associated with the fragmentation of state information systems. The latter was formed as a result of the historical development of the IT landscape along the path of "patchwork" automation.

Based on the results of the analysis of data obtained during the inventory of IT resources, 630 federal state information systems (FSIS) and 512 other information systems (IS) were identified in federal government agencies and their summations. That is, on average, one government agency accounts for about 9 FSIS and 8 other IPs that automate its activities. The largest number of FSIS was detected in Rosstat, Rospatent, Ministry of Digital Development, Rosreestr, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Economic Development (37, 35, 35, 34, 33, 30 systems, respectively).

In addition, auditors point to systems that should be unified objects of legal regulation, but are divided into separate systems as independent accounting objects and IT resource inventory objects, which have only part of the name in common.

The total total cost of ownership of systems classified as FSIS is 296.1 billion rubles, the Accounts Chamber estimates.

The auditors in their report note that the state information systems (GIS) describing the services, functions and powers of the Federal Tax Institutions and state extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation contain mutually contradictory and incomplete data. This leads to the impossibility of reliable assessment of the degree (quality) of digitalization of processes and tasks of public administration. And this, in turn, entails impossibility:

• identification, including using automation tools and data analysis methods, of similar or duplicate powers/functions in the total scope established for these bodies by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
• comprehensive assessment of the completeness and quality of digitalization of processes and tasks of public administration in these bodies.

The mutual technological and architectural disunity of GIS, including within individual departments, accumulated as a result of many years of "patchwork" automation of them, is expressed in the following: in the creation and continuation of the development of FGIS in the form of non-standard, separate application solutions in the absence of uniform criteria for the choice of technologies and architecture established at the legislative level when planning the creation and development of GIS. It is currently:

• does not allow to optimize annual costs for operation of all existing GIS;
• makes it much more difficult to synchronize plans for the development of interconnected GIS;
• is the reason for the increased complexity and labor costs of integration between GIS and other systems at the level of technologies, interfaces and performance parameters.

In addition, due to the formed isolation and fragmentation of state data stored in the FSIS, as well as the lack of connectivity of the compositions and structures of such data, their direct involvement in the adoption of management decisions, including at the level of the government of the Russian Federation, is not ensured.

The auditors note that, at the same time, the decisions of the Russian government accompanying the project for the implementation of the GosTech platform do not have the task of directly optimizing the composition of existing disparate GIS within a certain time frame. They are limited to the development and approval by the heads of the digital transformation in FOYV of plans-schedules for the transfer of GIS to GosTech and leave the authority to make decisions on the feasibility/inexpediency of transferring existing GIS to GosTech at the level of each individual department.

At the same time, mechanisms providing for a unified approach to making decisions on the advisability of transferring each of the existing FSIS to GosTech, as well as decisions on the merger of individual federal GIS into unified platform solutions created on this platform, have not yet been formed. This, the auditors indicate, as a result, will not eliminate the problems associated with the accumulated "patchwork" - i.e., the continuation of the development of existing GIS in the form of "departmental wells." And the latter in the Accounts Chamber is associated, among other things, with the peculiarities of thinking:

Narrow (departmental or sectoral) thinking in relation to data and their real value acts as a deterrent to the transformation of public administration. The current practice of "departmental wells," primarily restrictions of a regulatory nature, within the framework of which the work of state bodies and the results of their activities in the form of formed data are departmental-centric and concentrated around individual state bodies and (or) sectors of socio-economic activity, already does not allow talking about the potential of mutual exchange of information and the subsequent increase in the efficiency of management decisions.

Vladimir Rakhmanov, the first deputy director of Gostech, is confident that the domain approach approved by the Presidium of the Legal Commission on Digital Development, the use of IT to improve the quality of life and business conditions will help eliminate the "patchwork."

This approach is aimed at the integrated design of information systems and services of entire industries without departmental restrictions. The design analyzes the existing landscape of information systems of executive authorities, its technological maturity and the possibility of using domains in the target architecture, "he explained to TAdviser.

Now, together with the responsible departments, domains are being designed: "Healthcare," "Construction," "Ecology" and "Sport." The description of all domains will make it possible to fully determine the possibilities of reusing existing systems or services of the GosTech EDS.

It is within the framework of domain design that the feasibility of transferring the existing state GIS information systems to the GosTech ECP, as well as the possibility of their merger, is determined, "added Vladimir Rakhmanov.

The Ministry of Digital Development will establish new rules for internal IT developments

The Ministry of Digital Development will establish new rules for internal IT developments. This became known on June 17, 2022.

Large players in the Russian digital markets will limit the cost of software development to 30-40%, said the head of the Ministry of Digital Development Maksut Shadayev. According to him, this measure will allow restoring the bias in the IT labor market and "transferring" part of the funds to the commercial market.

For several years in a row, we hear that large players, state corporations, banks with state participation of tens of thousands take developers, - Shadayev explained the initiative of the Ministry of Digital Development. - They have such resources, such brands and such advantages that it creates a distortion in the market.

You can't just say to corporations: "Don't do this," because for them IT is a competitive factor, "said the head of the Ministry of Digital Development. - Therefore, we made such a difficult decision - limitation of insors-development. Otherwise, we get wells that collect all specialists and all technologies.

Moderator Sergei Zverev called this an option for the development of competition in Russia, in which other services can arise around huge digital ecosystems.

The Ministry of Digital Development also interested in creating internal competition in Russian digital markets, Shadayev assured. The department is afraid that the departure of international competitors will weaken small companies and further strengthen the established digital giants. From this point of view, the measure proposed by the Ministry of Digital Science will be a way to maintain healthy competition in domestic digital markets^[4].

Lobbying and GR in the Russian IT market. Who, how and why is doing this? TAdviser Overview

The state in Russia has paid a lot of attention to the IT sector in recent years, and the IT industry, in turn, is one of the most active and consolidated when it comes to promoting its interests in the authorities. In April 2022, TAdviser prepared a detailed review of Government Relations (GR) practices in the Russian IT industry. It contains information on how GR functions are organized in IT companies, who have the strongest GRs in the market, examples of the most successful lobbying stories and much more. Read more here.

Dmitry Chernyshenko: A single document management space will appear in Russia - GosEDO

A project has been launched in Russia to form a unified information space in the field of state-electronic document management - GosEDO. This was stated by Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Dmitry Chernyshenko. The operator of the GIS GosEDO is the Ministry of Digital Development of Russia, and the development of the system is carried out by the FGAU NII Voskhod, according to a statement from the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 29, 2022. Read more here.

2021

Shadayev: IT budgets of state bodies and state-owned companies should double at least in the next four years

Spending on IT in government agencies and state-owned companies should double [1] in the next four years, said Minister of Digital Development Maksut Shadayev, answering questions from the IT industry during TAdviser SummIT on November 23, 2021.

One of the national goals is to quadruple spending on Russian solutions by 2030. Obviously, we will not be able to implement this in the current budgets, - said the minister. - We understand the competition for the resource that prices are rising, including for custom development. And we also understand that the budgets of both government agencies and state-owned companies should double at least in the next four years. Not everyone has this opportunity, but at least the position of the ministry is as follows. Given that we have not reached a high level of digital maturity in many areas, it is simply irrational to remain in current spending figures. Even if all current expenses are directed to Russian solutions, we are unlikely to advance in terms of digital maturity, and this is also one of the country's national development goals. Therefore, our position is that IT spending in the public sector should grow, and our requirement that this growth be at least two times

The full text and video of Maksut Shadayev's speech on TAdviser SummIT - here.

FTS, Ministry of Emergency Situations and Rosstat named leaders in the introduction of artificial intelligence

On November 12, 2021, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation named Russian departments that have advanced better than others in their artificial intelligence (AI) projects.

We also have leaders in terms of already introducing artificial intelligence into our workflow. Here we have, of course, the Federal Tax Service, - said Deputy Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation Vladislav Fedulov.

According to him, the Federal Tax Service has at its disposal large amounts of data for analysis. The service uses artificial intelligence, they grow and train it, Fedulov emphasized.

He also included the Ministry of Emergency Situations and Rosstat in the top three leaders of departments for the introduction of artificial intelligence. The first uses machine analysis to determine the likely foci of forest fires, and in Rosstat, using AI, indices and relationships will be built.

The Ministry of Emergency Situations planned to use artificial intelligence to analyze images: find flooding, flooding, destruction, road accidents and other dangerous situations on satellite images and orthophotograms.

Earlier it was reported that the Federal Tax Service uses artificial intelligence to introduce a voice assistant for consultations, as well as to create classifiers on newly received issues and product names.

At the same time, not all state departments are ready to introduce artificial intelligence and need it, Fedulov believes. Moreover, by November 2021, not all federal authorities and their territorial divisions are provided with high-quality connection to, other to the Internet basic processes for digitalization have not passed everywhere.

In August 2021, three leaders were named among the federal executive bodies for digital transformation following the results of the first half of 2021 - the Federal Accreditation Service, the Federal Tax Service and the Ministry of Culture.^[5]

The Ministry of Digital Development creates a super application for officials for ₽0,5 billion

At the end of October 2021, it became known about the tender announced by the Ministry of Digital Development to develop a super app for officials. It is planned to spend about 487.7 million rubles on the implementation of the project. Read more here.

As part of the digital transformation of the Ministry of Sports of Russia, a single platform "Physical Culture and Sports" will be created

On February 1, 2021, the Ministry of Sports of Russia informed TAdviser that in accordance with the instructions of the President of the Russian Federation in 2021 it would create a Single Digital Platform GIS "Physical Culture and Sports" (GIS FCiS). Read more here.

Layoffs of heads of state digital transformation began in Russia

the Russian In ministries and departments, the dismissal of the deputy heads of digital transformation (Chief Digital Transformation Officer, CDTO) began. They, as reported TASS with reference to the Deputy Prime Minister, Russia Dmitry Chernyshenko did not cope with the duties assigned to them, and other specialists will be hired in their place. This became known on January 27, 2021.

Ten CDTOs will have to leave their posts, which is more than 16% of their number - there are 62 deputy heads of digital transformation for January 2021. The main reason for the dismissal was the rating of the digital transformation of departments compiled by the Government of Russia and necessary to assess an impressive list of parameters. Among them - the quality of preparation of departmental programs of digital transformation, the implementation of projects in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), etc.

A lot of work was done by colleagues during the year, but unfortunately there are several executives who received low marks on all criteria.... Someone has already left his post, decisions will be made on the rest as soon as possible, "said Dmitry Chernyshenko. This is a signal for the entire digital industry, which is actively gaining momentum. It is important to remember that ministries and regional authorities should start the digital transformation with themselves, take these issues seriously, given that they are implementing changes in industries across the country, he added.

According to the Russian Deputy Prime Minister, only 18 federal departments have demonstrated high performance in the field of digital transformation. First of all, these are the Ministry of Emergency Situations (Ministry of Emergency Situations), the Federal Tax Service (FTS ), the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Agriculture, as well as Roskomnadzor, Rospatent and Rostekhnadzor.

Less outstanding results were achieved by the Ministry of the Interior MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS (),,, and Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Health Ministry of Construction as well as a number of other departments. The worst indicators of digital transformation are y,, and. Ministry of Natural Resources Rosarkhiv Rosmolodezh Rosmorrechflot

All departments and CDTOs were evaluated for a number of parameters. Among them are the quality and pace of implementation by the deputy heads of the digital transformation of the Government's instructions. The quality of fulfilling budgetary obligations to implement the tasks of digital transformation was also taken into account^[6].

Digital transformation rating of federal ministries created

At the end of January 2021, a rating of the digital transformation of federal ministries was created in Russia, which assesses the quality of preparation of departmental digital transformation programs, the degree of personnel security, successful projects in the field of artificial intelligence, the quality of implementation of government orders by heads of digital transformation (RCT), as well as a number of other indicators. Read more here.

25 federal departments approved digital transformation programs

By January 12, 2021, 25 federal departments approved digital transformation programs. As the D-Russia.ru portal notes, some of the published documents are carelessly scanned, there are inverted tables and a blurred font. Read more here.

2020

HSE proposes to dismiss 11% of officials through digitalization of public administration

In December 2020, the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) presented a report with proposals for a large-scale digital transformation of public administration.

As RBC writes with reference to this document, the introduction of IT systems into public administration should be accompanied by a general reduction in routine operations, which by December 2020 in federal ministries and departments reach an average of about 30%. HSE experts propose to free up to 28% of full-time units (that is, up to 6799) relative to their maximum number (24,505), taking into account the reduction in vacancies. According to the authors of the study, in the central offices of 52 federal authorities, it is possible to "relatively painlessly release" up to 11% of working civil servants - about 2267 out of 19,973 actually employed.

The HSE is confident that the digitalization of public administration and the reduction of routine operations in the state apparatus themselves provide "smoothing" of verticalization in it, and the "staff" structures provided with data are able to "cover any performers, reach each control object."

According to the authors of the report, the released civil servants should strengthen the profile and analytical functions in the central offices of ministries and departments. The historically established number of federal authorities does not meet its real need, the researchers note.

The government is vital "not a proportional reduction of federal executive bodies by an arbitrarily established amount (5%, 10% or 20%), but bringing the number of employees in line with the actually implemented functions and powers, established goals and final results of activities, as well as creating a sustainable mechanism for maintaining optimal numbers, taking into account new qualification requirements," the report said.^[7]

Ministry of Digital Development presented a list of AI projects of ministries and departments

As it became known on December 16, 2020, Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation prepared a list of AI solutions that will be implemented in Russian departments in 2023-2024. Read more here.

Deputy Prime Minister Chernyshenko instructed all ministries and departments to form data sets for AI

In December 2020, Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed all 62 ministries and departments to form data sets for artificial intelligence. The Deputy Prime Minister spoke about this at a meeting of Russian President Vladimir Putin with members of the Russian Government. Read more here.

Mishustin launched an inventory of GIS

December 12, 2020 Government of the Russian Federation announced the launch of an inventory of state IT systems and resources. This process, launched on behalf of the president, Russia Vladimir Putin is designed to help assess and optimize infrastructure costs, ensure its compliance with information protection requirements, establish registration and accounting, the press service of the Cabinet of Ministers reports.

The inventory will be held in all federal and regional state departments, their subordinate institutions and enterprises, in state extrabudgetary funds. In each inventory institution, a specially appointed commissioner will be responsible for this work.

To conduct the inventory, it is planned to use the state information system for coordinating informatization (FGIS KI). Departments will upload information about the IT resources used to it, including data on the fulfillment of information protection requirements and on the registration of rights to use components that are objects of intellectual property.

According to the instruction signed by Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, the Ministry of Digital Development is entrusted with the formation and coordination of the work of an interdepartmental working group of representatives of this department, as well as the Ministry of Finance, the Accounts Chamber, the Federal Service for Technical and Export Control (FSTEC), etc., which will have to approve the list and composition of inventory data for the FGIS KI.

Ministry of Digital Development will have to submit to the Government of the Russian Federation in early April 2020 a draft report to the President on the result of the inventory, as well as proposals for additional regulatory measures in the acquisition, use and accounting of IT resources.

According to the plan, on December 15, 2020, the Ministry of Digital Development must send notifications to government agencies about the inventory of IT resources; by December 25, government agencies must appoint officials authorized to conduct an inventory of systems.^[8]

The Ministry of Digital Development asked for compatibility of IT systems of ministries and departments with domestic software

As it became known on November 26, 2020, the Association of Software Developers () ARPP "Domestic Software" sent Ministry of Digital Development Maksutu Shadayev a letter to the head, in which it asks the department to oblige state structures to implement the compatibility of its state information systems () GIS with the domestic one. ON

According to the executive director of ARPP Renat Lashin, about 120 GIS work correctly only in the environment of the Internet Explorer (IE) browser, support for which Microsoft will complete in August 2021. The Microsoft Edge web browser that replaces IE does not provide many systems.

Most GIS works correctly only in Explorer - it is possible to log in, windows open normally, an electronic signature is recorded and data is transmitted. If the operator begins to work with GIS from under another browser, then the functions are completely unavailable due to the impossibility of entering, - explained Lashin (quoted by Kommersant).

He noted that most GIS were created for the most common products - Microsoft Office and IE. It will stop updating its support for this browser and become vulnerable to cyber attacks, the expert added.

GIS was created using proprietary technologies of foreign developers, which are partially outdated and are not currently supported, Dmitry Komissarov, general director of New Cloud Technologies, confirmed to Rossiyskaya Gazeta. Most IT systems of ministries and departments require users to install Windows, he stressed.

A Kommersant source in the government recognized the problem of integrating GIS with foreign browsers, but considers it uncritical. Modern IT systems are capable of working under browsers based on the Chromium engine (for example, Chrome, Opera), while maintaining the correct display of data at the level of 90-95%, add the interlocutors of the publication in companies developing GIS.^[9]

Creation of a register of ready-made solutions in the field of artificial intelligence for federal departments

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Digital Development to create a register of ready-made solutions in the field of artificial intelligence for implementation in federal departments. This was announced on November 12, 2020 by the press service of the Cabinet. Read more here. Read more here.

IT-Business ask for access to GIS and is willing to pay for it

In October 2020, the Big Data Association (ABD; it includes Yandex, Mail.Ru Group, Sberbank, Gazprombank, Tinkoff Bank, Qiwi, MTS, MegaFon, VimpelCom, Rostelecom, etc.) asked the government to develop a roadmap for the development of electronic interaction between the state and business. Among other things, ICT companies want to integrate their ecosystems with state information systems (GIS), including on a paid basis.

According to Kommersant, ABD participants are asking the government to facilitate business access to GIS, information resources and registers, which will allow integrating, for example, a portal of public services with ecosystems of large companies, as well as solve regulatory problems related to the use of data from GIS.

By October 2020, such access is difficult due to regulatory problems - officials, for example, at the municipal level, often refuse to provide business with up-to-date data from Rosreestr or information on the movement of public transport. Sometimes at the same time, said Levan Shalamberidze, head of the Yandex business development project service, government agencies want free access to the company's commercial products in exchange for data.

In addition, the association asks the government to take into account the opinion of business when changing in the processes of providing electronic public services. ABD proposes to establish cooperation based on SLA (Quality Level Agreement).

The Ministry of Digital Development is thinking about creating a "state data factory" with which business can access GIS. The information that the authorities have can be very useful for business, says Sergey Kudryashov, partner of the Deloitte risk management department.^[10]

The Ministry of Digital Engineering will coordinate the terms of reference for GIS more expensive than 100 million rubles

In mid-October 2020, a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On Amending the Requirements for the Procedure for the Creation, Development, Commissioning, Operation and Decommissioning of State Information Systems and Further Storage of Information Contained in Their Databases" appeared on the official Internet portal of legal information.

One of the provisions of the document concerns approvals from the Ministry of Digital Development of technical assignments for state IT systems of federal authorities. The requirement applies to projects with estimated funding of 100 million rubles.

According to the resolution, approval is carried out for compliance with the state policy in the field of IT, as well as a unified technical policy approved by the presidium of the government commission on digital development, the use of information technologies to improve the quality of life and the conditions for doing business.

The explanatory note to the draft resolution says that changes in the requirements for the procedure for creating, developing, putting into operation, operating and decommissioning GIS and further storing the information contained in their databases are provided for in terms of introducing the stage of conceptual architectural design of the system and establishing conditions for prohibiting the launch of GIS without proper registration of rights to use its components.

The authors of the document also explained that the draft resolution proposes to determine that the concept of the state information system is part of the technical documentation for the system and contains a justification for the options for building the system, conditions and measures for its creation, on the basis of which a decision is made on the need and feasibility of creating a system, requirements to it are formed, as well as the unified context and interrelation of the results of the implementation of requirements to the system at subsequent stages of its life cycle, including when developing a technical assignment for the system.^[11]

The Accounts Chamber named the leading IT spending departments for 6 years

On October 12, 2020, Russian leadership departments in information technology costs for 6 years became known. The data is published on the portal-aggregator "State Spending" of the Accounts Chamber.

According to the Prime agency with reference to this site, the Federal Tax Service had the largest IT expenses since 2014 - 81.31 billion rubles. In second place is the Pension Fund of Russia - 73.34 billion rubles, in third - Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation (63.38 billion rubles). The top 5 departments in terms of IT costs also included the Ministry of Internal Affairs (59.29 billion rubles) and the Treasury (59.1 billion rubles).

It is noted that out of 93 government agencies, five of these departments had the most significant spending. At the same time, the share of expenses on information technologies in the budget of the Federal Tax Service amounted to 8.82%, the FIU - 0.16%, the Ministry of Digital Development of Digital Industry - 46.24%, the Ministry of Internal Affairs - 0.97%, the Treasury - 22.9%.

The Federal Tariff Service (only 20 million rubles), Spetsstroy (10 million rubles) and FSTEC, in the column of which is "0," spent the least on digitalization since 2014, according to the table.

Rosstat became the leader in the share of information technology costs in the budget with a share of 23.54% in January-July 2020. The top five in terms of the share of expenses also included Rosobrnadzor with expenses in the amount of 21.56% of the budget, Rospatent - 10.11%, Rosprirodnadzor - 9.51% and Rosfinmonitoring with a share of 8.41%.

The Accounts Chamber itself in 2020 took 33rd place in the ranking with expenses in the amount of 0.33 billion rubles, and the sixth place in terms of the share of expenses in the total budget with a share of 6.35%.

To prepare the rating, portal analysts studied the spending of 93 ministries and departments. Moreover, they took into account not only direct official expenses, but also the volume of subsidies directed to subordinate organizations for digitalization.^[12]

New approaches to the coordination of state informatization, the emergence of departmental programs of digital transformation (VCPT)

On October 8, 2020, it fell to become a special day for the state IT sector in Russia. On this day, the 10-year history of one of the longest-playing regulatory documents in the field of state informatization - the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 24.05.2010 No. 365 "On the coordination of measures for the use of information and communication technologies in the activities of state bodies" - has almost ended. Read more here.

Putin approved the provision on the procedure for organizing experiments in personnel work

At the end of August 2020, the president Russia Vladimir Putin signed a decree approving the procedure for organizing experiments on the application of new approaches to organizing the state federal civil service and ensuring the activities of federal state civil servants. More. here

State IT systems have allocated a separate item of federal budget expenditures to improve management efficiency

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications has prepared proposals for separate accounting of expenses for state information systems (GIS). The subordinate institution of the ministry, the Center for Expertise and Coordination of Informatization (CECI), also participated in the development of the proposals. This was reported by the Ministry of Communications on July 29, 2020.

The prepared changes are taken into account in the draft guidelines for the distribution of budget allocations of the federal budget developed by the Ministry of Finance, which will be used in the planning and implementation of the federal budget of 2021-2023. According to the recommendations, budget financing of state information systems will be allocated to a separate expenditure code.

From 2021, government agencies will provide information on two spending codes:

• 242 "Procurement of goods, works, services in the field of information and communication technologies";

• 246 "Procurement of goods, works, services for the purpose of creation, development, operation and decommissioning of state information systems."

All GIS costs will be allocated to code 246. These will also include the cost of information systems designed to automate or provide information support for the provision of public services.

The expense code 242 was introduced at the initiative of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications and included in the budget classification in 2011. All ICT expenses were allocated to it.

FSBI "CECI," as an expert organization under the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, will provide methodological support for the integration of a new type of expenses into the system of coordination and accounting with the ICT sector of state bodies. In the near future, we will issue appropriate explanations, training materials for government agencies, supplement, if necessary, the federal state information system for coordinating informatization (FGIS KI) with the necessary functionality, - said I.O. Director of the FGBU CECI Yakov Tebenkov.

The introduction of a separate accounting for information systems implemented by order of state authorities is a systematic measure that will improve the management of key IT assets of the state, including planning and accounting for the costs of creation and operation, accounting for intellectual rights and entering into the register of federal property, - said Vasily Slushkin, director of the department for the development of architecture and coordination of informatization of the Ministry of Communications .

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications carries out separate accounting of expenses for information systems and components of information and telecommunication infrastructure operated by government agencies at the expense of the federal budget and the budgets of state extrabudgetary funds. The accounting procedure is based on the provisions of the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, issued on June 26, 2012, "On the federal state information system for accounting for information systems created and purchased at the expense of the federal budget and the budgets of state extrabudgetary funds."

"Digital special forces": IT skills for 174 thousand civil servants

In July 2020, it became known about the size of the "digital special forces" being created - managers who will be engaged in the modernization of the entire public administration system through the introduction of technologies and the digitalization of all aspects of life. It is expected that 2024 thousand civil servants, including senior managers, will receive the relevant IT competencies by 174.

Training within the framework of the national program "Digital Economy" is carried out by the Center for Training Leaders of Digital Transformation, created on the basis of the Higher School of Public Administration of the RANEPA under the auspices of the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Economic Development.

• In 2019, 13,490 civil servants received training from the "digital special forces." In 2020, 9775 officials will be added to them, including:
• 50 deputy federal ministers and deputy heads of federal services;
• 2000 managers and participants of project offices for digital development from all regions;
• 3127 state and municipal employees in the regions;
• 4598 people - in a remote format.

In 2019 , Deputy Prime Minister Victoria Abramchenko, Minister of Health Mikhail Murashko and Deputy Head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Maxim Parshin received training in data management, digital transformation and public administration . 

In 2020, in the context of the increased COVID-19 importance of electronic services in a pandemic and the acceleration of digital processes, a separate area of ​ ​ work will be the preparation of anti-crisis leaders CDO (Chief Data Officer) and teams of the digital economy (CLICK) within the framework of the federal project "Personnel for the Digital Economy." Training on data-based management programs will become design and acceleration: 500 teams will form projects, 50 of which will be implemented in regional authorities and large companies and corporations.^[13]

How to create a digital transformation unit in the face of a terrible shortage of personnel. Recommendations for CDOs in the Public Sector

The training center for heads of digital transformation of the Higher School of Economics of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration has completed a study (download PDF), which describes the experience of restructuring the organizational structure of departments and the work of digital transformation teams in the public administration system. To do this, the center's specialists studied the experience of digital transformation of Russian and foreign government bodies.

The research materials are intended for managers, personnel services of federal executive bodies, which will have to form a digital transformation unit within the department.

After analyzing the successful experience of other countries and the cases of Russian state organizations, the authors of the work revealed patterns and general problems, and also formed recommendations for creating and improving the organizational and staff structure of the division responsible for digital transformation.

As successful overseas examples, researchers looked at Denmark, Australia and the UK: in these countries, administrative processes and procedures went through multilevel changes. As a result, the digital transformation was successful, a high level of citizens' confidence in state digital services was achieved, safe storage and use of data was ensured. In addition, the effectiveness of organizations has increased due to the introduction of modern management tools, according to the Center for Training Leaders of Digital Transformation of the Higher School of Economics of the RANEPA.

In Russia, with the beginning of the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy," deputy leaders for digital transformation first appeared in federal departments; On February 1, 2020, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin instructed that the heads of the FOIV should appoint deputies responsible for the digital transformation of departments.

The study examines the experience of organizational structures for managing digital transformation in the Federal Treasury, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Construction, and the Federal Antimonopoly Service. Based on the experience, typical difficulties of organizing the work of the divisions responsible for digital transformation in FNIVs were highlighted.

The researchers divided these difficulties into three groups:

• personnel difficulties (shortage of specialists in the market, lack of motivation for the development of professional competencies in the field of digital development among civil servants, lack of IT specialists in the staff and systematic training in new digital technologies, management methods of existing employees);
• regulatory and financial restrictions (staffing does not meet the needs of the authority in IT support, low level of payment for specialist performers, lack of employees with competencies in developing technical documents for government agencies);
• problems related to a haphazard approach to digital project management (employees participate in 5 − 10 projects in parallel, IT department resources are spent on solving the tasks of industry departments, conflicts of interest, lack of automation in project management, etc.).

If the developers of state digital services and products simply perform separate tasks, and changes in processes within the department do not occur, there is inevitably a "digitalization of chaos," that is, the translation of ineffective and even unnecessary processes into digital figures, "said Maria Shklyaruk, academic director of the Center for Training Leaders of Digital Transformation. - At the same time, the quality of digital products is affected by a number of factors that are not obvious at first glance: including these are industry and functional features of the state authority, the number of subordinate organizations and other aspects.

In this sense, it is useful for leaders who are implementing transformational projects today to study not only the experience of other countries, but also the experience of Russian organizations that have already made steps and certain conclusions on the path of digital transformation, says Shklyaruk.

Forming the optimal organizational structure of the digital transformation division and creating successful teams of digital projects is a truly difficult management task, the authors of the study emphasize. It will have to be solved by the head responsible for digital transformation, together with the personnel service.

The lack of highly qualified IT specialists in the authorities leads to the fact that it is either impossible to fulfill transformational tasks and ensure the implementation of digital projects, or it is necessary to find additional, including financial, resources for organizing work with the involvement of specialists in outsourcing.

According to the authors of the study, based on the analysis of the situation, we can conclude that the problem of a shortage of highly qualified personnel in the IT sector in the authorities will not lose its relevance in the next decade and will only worsen given the intensive development and the emergence of new IT.

Given the relevance of this problem, at the end of the document, the authors provide the main steps to develop the personnel ecosystem in the field of digital transformation in the organization.

Center for Training Leaders of Digital Transformation presented recommendations for remote work for civil servants

The Center for Training Leaders of Digital Transformation of the Higher School of Economics of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration has published^[14] of ^[15], recommendations for civil servants working in remote access mode. Read more here.

Experts of the Accounts Chamber have identified the most open and most closed state IT systems

The Accounts Chamber compiled a GIS rating on the level of availability of information and the quality of data in them, analyzing 50 state systems. Most of them, as follows from the rating, are informational closed. The Accounts Chamber announced its rating on January 26, 2020 as part of the presentation of the analytical report "Assessment of the Openness of State Information Systems in Russia," created by it together with the ANO "Information Culture" and the Center for Advanced Management Decisions. download

The Accounts Chamber will send the prepared report to Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, the Federation Council, the State Duma, as well as the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications. The department was engaged in its creation during the work on the analysis of the openness of the state in Russia. According to the Accounts Chamber, this is just the beginning of work on the analysis of the Federal State Institution, which will continue further within the framework of the events planned for it.

The Accounts Chamber strives for GIS to fully comply with the principles of openness, so that the data in them are available for work and management decisions, and citizens can use them without restrictions, - said the Chairman of the Accounts Chamber Alexei Kudrin.

To be included in the rating, the authors of the report chose 50 state systems with socially significant and potential for disclosure of information. These systems were selected from 876 FSIS existing in Russia, according to the Federal State Information System for the Coordination of Informatization (FSIS KI). Each FGIS was evaluated by experts on 12 attributes characterizing the availability of information about the GIS itself and the quality of open data in it.

By the "openness of GIS" the authors of the report mean the presence of the following characteristics:

• openness and availability of information, including information on the goals of creating GIS, its operator, executable functions, budgets for the creation, development and operation;
• the availability and quality of their open data, which can be used for the purpose of creating public goods (public goods), as well as for commercial or research purposes;
• capabilities and conditions of integration with other GIS in order to receive or transmit information in system-system mode.

Most Open Systems

Only eight GIS ratings fell into the category with a high degree of openness. The rest of the systems were divided into categories with a medium, insignificant and low degree of openness, as well as with complete and almost complete data closure.

Among GIS with a high degree of openness are such systems as:

• Federal State Information System State Catalog of the Museum Fund of Russia;
• State integrated information system of public finance management "Electronic Budget";
• Unified information system in the field of procurement;
• Portal of state and municipal institutions;
• Federal Information Address System;
• A unified Internet portal to promote Russia's cultural heritage and traditions;
• Unified State Register of Cultural Heritage Sites;
• Open data portal of the Ministry of Culture.

GIS operators classified as the highest category, as noted by the authors of the study, are only 4 departments:

• Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation;
• Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation;
• Federal Tax Service;
• Federal Treasury.

Experts attribute the Ministry of Culture of Russia to the absolute leader of the rating among departments, since four of the eight systems in the category with a high degree of openness are GIS of this particular ministry.

The most closed systems

8 GIS also fell into the category with complete and almost complete data closure. We are talking about the following:

• Automated information system for accounting for non-profit and religious organizations;
• Unified state information system in the field; health care
• Legislative support system;
• Automated information system "National Electronic Library";
• Federal state information system of public control in the field of environmental protection and environmental management;
• Electronic database of all cultural property displaced as a result of World War II and located on the territory of the Russian Federation;
• Unified information system for personnel management of the state civil service of the Russian Federation;
• Unified Federal Information System of Agricultural Land.

Recommendations for operators

In addition to the GIS rating, the authors of the report compiled a "profile" for each of the 50 systems, describing their key advantages and disadvantages in terms of information availability and the quality of open data. The authors also conducted a detailed analysis of five FSIS that fell into different rating groups. For each of them, they formulated "best practices" that can be taken into account by operators of other systems.

Experts also formulated a number of recommendations regarding government data and GIS. They recommend:

• strengthen the emphasis in public policy on the quality of data collected and published by departments, their availability for use by end consumers, primarily business, non-profit organizations (NPOs), the media, and representatives of civil society;
• develop and establish in the legislation a clear definition of the term "state information system," separating this concept from other types of information systems, in particular the sites of state authorities;
• consolidate mandatory requirements for data disclosure in GIS, including provisions on them, terms of reference for the development of current and creation of new systems;
• Strengthen compliance with data disclosure requirements, as well as accountability of agencies in case of non-compliance;
• create a single resource for public monitoring of government spending on IT and GIS;
• disclose the information of the informatization coordination system in the public domain and in the format of open data, and not only in the form of a list of information systems;
• finalize the budget classification system in order to unambiguously identify budget expenditures for informatization objects, regardless of the level of implementation of such expenditures.

GIS Accounting Difficulties

Speaking about the peculiarities of Russian GIS, the authors of the reports note that most of the federal systems - for example, the portal of state and municipal institutions, the portal of legal information - do not even have publicly available information about why and how they were created. Moreover, a significant amount of online resources and systems created by the government and other authorities, on the contrary, does not have GIS status.

It is difficult to determine the exact number of FSIS themselves due to the lack of a clear definition of GIS - the relevant NPAs indicate only indirect criteria for classifying the information system as GIS, as well as the poor quality of data publicly posted about them. In this regard, government spending on GIS is opaque, experts say.

The number of regional GIS, in their opinion, is also quite difficult to determine due to the poor quality of registers in many regions of Russia: they are not updated for several years or contain information only about the largest GIS. In addition, in 17 regions, GIS registers are not publicly available in principle.

Nevertheless, if we rely on data from regional registers with high quality information filling, which, as a rule, contain from 90 to 180 GIS, the total number of regional GIS is about 8-12 thousand, the authors of the report report.

They also draw attention to the lack of a single resource that takes into account the spending of departments on the creation, development and operation of GIS in full, as well as the fact that financing of such expenses can take place under different items of the state budget. In addition, experts associate the opacity of GIS costs with the low quality of open information published on the portals of the FSIS KI and GIIS "Electronic Budget."

The informatization coordination system, designed to perform, among other things, the function of the register of information systems available in Russia, according to them, does not take into account GIS created and operated in budgetary institutions, does not publish detailed information on GIS budgets and information on the actual implementation of these budgets. The existing regulatory requirements in the field of state information reporting also do not allow taking into account a number of GIS costs formally carried out by departments outside of IT costs.

The structure of budget expenditures related to GIS is heterogeneous: the costs of GIS, DPC and e-government infrastructure (IEP) are separately allocated, which makes it difficult to calculate real budget costs for GIS, the compilers of the report note.

The total costs of IT at the federal level in 2017-2019, according to their estimates, ranged from 100 to 130 billion rubles per year. At the same time, the share of GIS expenses in 2017-2019 amounted to 50-60% of IT budgets (60-75 billion rubles), including taking into account the costs of data centers and IEDs.

The processes of functioning of GIS, according to the authors of the report, are associated with the adoption and coordination of relevant legal acts and technical tasks on the part of state customers. In connection with the adopted regulatory standards, in their opinion, these processes can be seriously delayed, which leads to constant technical corrections of logging and difficulties in their operation.

For example, the long-term implementation of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of its functions as a state customer in terms of the development of NPAs establishing requirements for the state information system of housing and communal services (GIS housing and communal services) led to multiple modifications of GIS after its commissioning. In this regard, there were technical difficulties in entering data into GIS by information suppliers, as well as the very placement of information in GIS housing and communal services did not always occur in full, - inform the compilers of the report

Why do IT specialists go to the public sector, where salaries are up to 30% lower than the market. TAdviser Discussion

What are the new requirements and to which employees are the processes of informatization of government agencies? During the discussion discussion "Personnel of the Digital Economy," which unfolded at the TAdviser Government Day conference on March 11, many listeners were told new depths of the issue that they may not have even suspected. More details - in the article "Why IT shniki go to the public sector, where salaries are up to 30% lower than the market."

Three ministries transfer employees to remote work in connection with coronavirus

On March 17, 2020, RBC announced that the Ministry of Economic Development, the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Communications, who moved to the government complex in Moscow City, intend to transfer their employees to remote work. Read more here.

List of "digital special forces" revealed: 50 officials responsible for digital transformation of federal bodies

On March 12, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin met with 50 officials responsible for the digital transformation (CDTO) of federal bodies and explained what the government expects from them. This was the first meeting of this kind, and the list of persons selected to be responsible for digital transformation, following the meeting, was first published on the government website (download). In the government, they are called deputy leaders, but in fact, some of them do not yet occupy these positions or are at all candidates for relevant posts in ministries and departments.

For example, the former deputy head of Roskomnadzor Maxim Ksenzov claims to be responsible for digital transformation in the Ministry of Culture, and the deputy head of the Moscow Department of Education Tatyana Vasilyeva - to a post in the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

Former deputy governor of the Kursk region Maxim Beskhmelnitsyn, just two months ago appointed deputy head of the IT department of the government, may become deputy head of the Ministry of Justice. Andrei Dydykin, Deputy Director of the Department for the Development of Industry of Socially Significant Goods of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, claims a digital position in the Federal Medical and Biological Agency.

Former director in the direction of "Personnel for the Digital Economy" ANO "Digital Economy" Andrei Selsky notes to the Ministry of Sports, Chairman of the Forestry Committee of the Moscow Region Ivan Sovetov goes to the Federal Forestry Agency.

Evgeny Petrov, Advisor to the Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology, is a candidate for the Federal Agency for Subsoil Use.

Among those holding the posts of "digital" deputy heads of federal ministries and departments, the meeting was attended by the deputy head of the Federal Treasury Alexander Albychev, Deputy Minister of Health Pavel Pugachev, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Pension Fund Vadim Akkuzin, Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Protection Alexey Sklyar, Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Environmental, Anatoly Geller, Head of the Information Technology Department of the FSSPNatalia Zvyagina, Deputy Minister of Transport Alexei Semenov, Deputy Head of the FTSDenis Tereshchenko.

Mishustin noted that the digital transformation of state power at all levels is now of particular importance, and special people are needed to solve large-scale problems, with special skills and special experience - "if you like, the digital special forces of the government." Therefore, the requirements for deputy leaders for the digital transformation of federal government agencies are also special, Mishustin emphasized.

It will not only fulfill its duties, taking into account the peculiarities of a particular industry, but will introduce new methods and forms of work at the federal level, even if they are unusual for performers, and in fact prove the advantages of digital technologies to their leaders, colleagues and citizens of Russia.

Most of you have already gone through a pretty tough selection. You've been tested. In any case, I know, all of you are professionals with a capital letter, people who have gone through a large number of projects in the field of digitalization. And we associate great expectations with your future work, - said the Prime Minister.

Federal directors for digital transformation will have the authority to change, re-engineer all workflows within ministries and departments, including transferring them to online services for the population and moving to data management, which today come in real time, Mikhail Mishustin explained.

In the near future, according to the Prime Minister, a typical departmental digital transformation program will be developed, designed for three years. It should include indicators against which it will be possible to assess the results of the implementation of information technologies. And each of the federal CDTOs will be responsible for their implementation in their area, have appropriate indicators, KPIs. The necessary financial resources are provided for within the framework of the Digital Economy national program.

Colleagues, you have to work with maximum efficiency, literally in 24/7 mode. We will need leadership qualities, the ability to work in a team, professional knowledge, modern management skills, because much more will have to be learned, "Mishustin said and suggested organizing training for federal CDTOs based on the RANEPA.

According to Mikhail Mishustin, the federal CDTO will be supported by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko and curator, Minister of Digital Development Maksut Shadayev. Chernyshenko, who was also present at the meeting, stressed that in the selection process, the directors have already undertaken certain obligations - to carry out digital transformation in the form of concrete results by the end of the year, each in its own direction.

We will meet with you at the beginning, probably on a weekly basis. In order for there to be a quick start, you have to do it. Then we will meet, maybe less often, - said Chernyshenko.

Participants of the meeting of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation M.V. Mishustin with deputy heads of federal executive bodies responsible for digital transformation

1. Abramova Elena Viktorovna - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for State Reserves
2. Akinshin Yuri Alekseevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Nature Management
3. Akkuzin Vadim Viktorovich - Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation
4. Albychev Alexander Sergeevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Treasury
5. Beskhmelnitsyn Maxim Mikhailovich - Deputy Director of the former Department of Information Technologies and Communications [[Government of the Russian Federation 'Government
6. of the Russian Federation]], candidate (Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation)

# Oleg Bocharov - Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation

1. Budarin Andrey Vladimirovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Tax Service
2. Vasiliev Denis Aleksandrovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Labor and Employment
3. Vasilyeva Tatyana Viktorovna - candidate (Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation)
4. Gatagova Olga Anatolyevna - Deputy Minister of Agriculture of the Russian Federation
5. Geller Anatoly Yakovlevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision
6. Gurov Grigory Alexandrovich - Head of the Department of Youth Projects and Programs of the Federal Agency for Youth Affairs
7. Dzhioev Zakhary Tengizovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for Sea and River Transport
8. Dotsenko Alexey Viktorovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Antimonopoly Service
9. Dydykin Andrey Valerievich - candidate (Federal Medical and Biological Agency)
10. Zvyagina Natalia Vladimirovna - Head of the Information Technology Department of the Federal Bailiff Service
11. Zubov Yuri Sergeyevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Intellectual Property
12. Ivanov Alexander Olegovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for Railway Transport
13. Ivanov Evgeny Sergeyevich - Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
14. Kachanov Oleg Yuryevich - Director of the Department of Digital Transformation Projects Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation

# Kozlov Alexander Sergeyevich - Deputy Minister of Construction and Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation

1. Ksenzov Maxim Yuryevich - Deputy Director of the former Department of Project Activities of the Government of the Russian Federation, candidate (Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation)
2. Mikholap Sergey Alexandrovich - Assistant to the Head of the Federal Service for the Regulation of the Alcohol Market
3. Mishin Mikhail Nikolaevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for Nationalities
4. Narukavnikov Alexander Vyacheslavovich - Deputy Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
5. Naumov Oleg Vladimirovich - State Secretary - Deputy Head of the Federal Archival Agency
6. Naumova Tatyana Vladimirovna - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications
7. Nichiporuk Viktor Mikhailovich - Deputy Director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Information and Analytical Center of the Russian Emergencies Ministry" of the Ministry for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Management
8. Ostapenko Grigory Alexandrovich - Head of the Information Technology Department of the Federal State Statistics Service
9. Pavlyukov Dmitry Yuryevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Supervision in Healthcare

# Panova Elena Vasilievna - Deputy Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation

1. Petrov Evgeny Ignatievich - Advisor to the Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, candidate (Federal Agency for Subsoil Use)
2. Pridankin Andrey Borisovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for State Property Management
3. Pugachev Pavel Sergeevich - Deputy Minister of Health of the Russian Federation
4. Radkova Natalia Vladimirovna - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring
5. Rebriy Alexander Valerievich - Director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Center for Geodesy, Cartography and Spatial Data Infrastructure" of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography
6. Andrei Konstantinovich Selsky - candidate (Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation)
7. Semenov Alexey Konstantinovich - Deputy Minister of Transport of the Russian Federation
8. Sklyar Alexey Valentinovich - Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation
9. Skrypnik Nazariy Viktorovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Accreditation Service
10. Smolensky Vyacheslav Yuryevich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare
11. Councilors Ivan Vasilievich - candidate (Federal Forestry Agency)
12. Sologub Natalia Aleksandrovna - Deputy Head of the Federal Agency for Water Resources
13. Tereshchenko Denis Viktorovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Customs Service
14. Tikhonov Anatoly Vladimirovich Vladimirovich - Deputy Minister of power of the Russian Federation
15. Chernyakova Elena Evgenievna - Director of the Department of Information Technologies in the field of state and municipal finance management and information support of the budget process of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation (the day after the publication of the list, she was appointed chairman of the MHIF)
16. Chenin Alexander Lvovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of Communications, Information Technologies and Mass Media
17. Chukhnova Evgenia Leonidovna - Head of the Department of International Cooperation of the Federal Agency for Tourism
18. Shulika Vitaly Dmitrievich - Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
19. Yadrov Dmitry Viktorovich - Deputy Head of the Federal Air Transport Agency

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications has developed requirements for directors for the digitalization of federal departments and will test them before appointments

As it became known to TAdviser in early February 2020, the Ministry of Communications sent to federal departments, agencies and services requirements for candidates for the post of deputy head of the federal executive body responsible for digital transformation (Chief Digital Transformation Officer, CDTO), as well as guidelines for testing their management skills.

The document is intended for a total of 55 organizations. It turned out to be at the disposal of TAdviser (download).

The document is sent in accordance with the instructions of the new head of government Mikhail Mishustin of February 1. It prescribes within a week to provide for the introduction of the position of deputy head of the federal body responsible for digital transformation in the Federal Investment Fund, or to assign such powers to the current deputy head of the Federal Investment Fund.

The decree also provides that a specialized structural unit should be created in each department, which would ensure the activities of such a deputy head. These functions, however, can be assigned to an existing department, follows from the document.

Mishustin set aside a short period for the development of requirements for the CDTO of federal authorities - three days.

The requirements for candidates for the CDTO position were formed on the basis of the competence model of the digital transformation team developed by the Center for Training Leaders of Digital Transformation of the RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, taking into account international and Russian experience with the participation of the expert community, as well as the profile of the role of the head of digital transformation.

In accordance with the competency model, requirements for personal and professional competencies are distinguished. Personal include:

• Focus on results
• Clientocentric
• Communicativity
• Emotional intelligence
• Creativity
• Criticality

And professional competency requirements include knowledge in areas such as:

• Digital development (implies not only knowledge in the field of "numbers," but also political, economic trends in the world and Russia)
• Organizational culture
• Management tools
• Data

• Digital technologies (knowledge of standards and methodologies for designing and building an organizational architecture, experience in building and developing an organization based on an architectural approach, experience in managing IT systems, knowledge in the field of information security)

• IT infrastructure (knowledge of standards and regulatory documents governing the life cycle of IT systems and products, the ability to build the technological policy of the organization and the stack solution, have experience in managing the technical architecture of computing systems)

The methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications provide that testing the management skills of a candidate for the CDTO position should be carried out through their department. So, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications offers for this an employee of the Federal Military Institution, hiring CDTO, to send them an application in a special form.

According to the idea of ​ ​ the department, the assessment of competencies will be carried out by highly qualified experts in three stages. The first two are testing management potential and assessing competencies and experience in the field of digital development. And the pinnacle of this process should be a meeting with the Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media.

For the meeting with the Minister, the candidate is advised to carefully prepare and determine, formulate key performance indicators and results of work that are planned to be achieved in the CDTO position in the FOIV. Based on the results of the assessment, points will be awarded to the candidate for each competence.

The requirements for the level of manifestation of competencies in the letter of the Ministry of Communications are given in the form of a diagram.

For assessment, it is supposed to conclude a special agreement with the candidate. The letter of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications specifies that the evaluators do not make personnel decisions.

Officials responsible for digitalization will appear in Russian departments

In early February 2020, it became known about the instructions of Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, which states the need for deputy leaders to appear in the federal executive bodies who will be responsible for digital transformation.

As Vedomosti writes with reference to a person who got acquainted with the document, it is addressed to all 55 ministries, services and agencies.

It follows from the letter that the departments will either need to introduce a new position of deputy for digitalization, or assign these duties to one of the current deputies. It will be necessary to coordinate the candidacy with the relevant deputy prime minister. His name is not indicated, but Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko was appointed curator of the Digital Economy national program in the government in January 2020.

The text of the order also states that within a week, units should appear in each federal executive body that will ensure the work of such an official, or it is necessary to assign these functions to one of the existing ones. In the next two weeks, all ministries and departments must submit proposals to the Ministry of Communications on the priority tasks of new units, which they must fulfill in two stages: by April 15, 2020 and by the end of the year, respectively.

The requirements for deputies for digital transformation, as well as methodological recommendations for testing their management skills, were to be developed by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications.

Mikhail Mishustin, speaking at the Digital Almaty forum in Alma-Ata at the end of January 2020, said that digital transformation requires a rethink of the role of the state and the organization of the work of authorities. He also stressed that Russia has breakthrough technologies for the implementation of the most daring tasks in the field of digitalization.^[16]

FSTEC recommended government agencies to transfer their systems from Windows 7 to newer versions

On January 22, 2020, TAdviser became aware that FSTEC published a special information message regarding the termination of support for the Windows 7 operating system; government agencies and other organizations that continue to use this system as of January 2020 are recommended to switch to more recent versions of Windows before June 1, 2020. Read more here.

2019

The Accounts Chamber reported "abnormal" jumps in IT spending of ministries

On November 18, 2020, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation announced the identification of many "abnormal" indicators in the IT expenses of ministries and departments for 2019.

According to RIA Novosti, citing an expert note from the joint venture, the Ministry of Education and Science in 2014-2018 spent an average of 120-140 million rubles on information technology. At the same time, the IT budgets created on the basis of this department of the Ministry of Education and the new Ministry of Education and Science, which inherited and divided the IT infrastructure of their predecessor, exceeded 1.1 billion and 550 million rubles in 2019. In total, this is 11-12 times more than the old ministry, the joint venture noted.

Rosalkogolregulirovanie increased the IT budget in 2019 to 790 million rubles. (from 150-200 million in 2016-2018), but still spent more, about 800 million. Rosgvardia increased its IT budget in 2019 by more than 1.5 times, to 4.5 billion rubles, having spent 93%. Rosrezerv, which in 2018 planned to spend about 240 million rubles on IT, in reality spent 711 million rubles, after which it returned to the level of 300 million.

IT expenses in 2019 rapidly increased in the Ministry of Economy, the Prosecutor General's Office and the Ministry of Internal Affairs - 4, 3 and 1.5 times to 1.7, 8.5 and 10 billion rubles, respectively.

What spent its almost 10 billion rubles. the law enforcement agency, in addition to the sensational billion-dollar purchases of PCs, is asked in the Accounts Chamber.

It is noted that this fact may become an incentive for special research. The Accounts Chamber emphasizes that the growth of information technology budgets is ahead of the growth rate of total budget volumes.

In addition, the control department calculated for each authority the ratio of subsidies that go to subordinate institutions to the total volume of IT budgets. The analysis showed that this figure is growing every year, and by 2019 it reached 11% of the total amount of funds for informatization.^[17][18]

How to organize data exchange in a digital state? Discussion on TAdviser IT Government DAY

The question of organizing the exchange of data in the state is not just relevant, but, one might say, burning. There is no ready answer to it anywhere in the world yet. What is the main "pain" gosstuktur in relation to public funds? How is this "pain" seen from a business point of view? The article "How to organize data exchange in a digital state?" contains details about how TAdviser public sector they tried to add a single "puzzle" of the digital cycle on the site and business data. state

Priority IT initiatives of federal government agencies

In 2019, several key IT areas are in the priority of federal government agencies. These are, in particular, the state unified cloud platform, a single digital circuit in healthcare, super services, IT import substitution processes, as well as initiatives related to big data processing. Read more here.

2016: Priority areas of informatization of federal authorities

The Government of the Russian Federation by resolution of May 5, 2016 No. 392 approved a list of priority areas for the use and development of information and communication technologies in the activities of federal executive bodies and management bodies of state extrabudgetary funds:

1. The use of information and communication technologies to optimize procedures and improve the quality of#.D0.93.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B0_.D0.9C.D0.B8.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.84.D1.80.D1.8B_.D0.9D.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B6.D0.B8.D0.BB_.D0.9C.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.B2.D1.83_.D0.BF.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC_.D0.B4.D0.BB.D1.8F_.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.84.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.BE_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.B2.D0.B0 the provision of public services and the performance of government functions, including the use of mechanisms for obtaining information from citizens and organizations in electronic form on the quality of interaction with federal executive bodies and management bodies of state extra-budgetary funds.

2. Use typical information technology services and a single data network, as well as data center systems.

3. Use of Russian information and communication technologies and free software.

4. Protection of information contained in state information systems and ensuring information security when using information and communication technologies in the activities of federal executive bodies and management bodies of state extra-budgetary funds.

5. Improving the quality and accessibility of government information resources, including in the form of open data.

The development of methodological recommendations on the formation by federal executive bodies of a system of target indicators and their corresponding informatization indicators in the listed priority areas was entrusted to Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media the Russian Federation.

Unified technology architecture and other digital breakthrough conditions

According to the plan of the Ministry of Communications and the Research Institute "Voskhod," in 2020 the main state IT architect should appear in Russia, which will unify the methods and tools for creating state digital platforms and IT systems. The first discussion of the concept involving the development of a single IT architecture and the appointment of an architect showed that it would be difficult to implement these ideas in practice (more).

Development of uniform IT architecture of authorities - one of conditions of digital break, the Minister of Telecom and Mass Communications Noskov said in May, 2019 (is more detailed). Other conditions are to bring the legislation on public procurement in line with the modern practice of developing InformSystems for efficiency and flexibility, as well as the creation of a specialized competence center.

Structure of IT costs of federal authorities

Usually, speaking of the informatization of government agencies and the funds spent on this, it is clearly or implicitly implied that a significant part of IT budgets are spent on the creation, development and operation of key state information systems (GIS) used by departments to exercise their powers and provide public services.

At the very least, this is the picture, if you attend several conferences on the problems and prospects of ICT in the public sector. Representatives of both customers (government agencies) and performers (integrators) speaking at such events usually talk about large projects, the Information Society program, and other federal programs providing for the construction of IT systems of a national scale.

But in reality, the IT budgets of departments are almost always divided into two unequal parts - innovative (development budget) and life-supporting (current spending budget). And if "on average in the hospital" the ratio of development budgets and current expenses is at a more or less stable level of 30/70, then in some departments life support consumes 90% of the budget.

The ability to constantly spend funds on innovative projects has only a very narrow circle of "IT champions," which includes no more than 20-25 federal departments. At the same time, departments with the largest IT budgets and current expenses under the most routine items (ensuring the operation of personal computers, maintaining and repairing copying and multiplying equipment, etc.) often reach values ​ ​ of hundreds of millions of rubles, and sometimes exceeds the mark of a billion rubles.

Federal authorities Digital Transformation Budgets 2021-2026

TAdviser has prepared a new version of the ranking of federal authorities in terms of spending on digital transformation. The leaders in spending in 2024 were Ministry of Digital Development, the Federal Tax Service and the Social Fund of Russia. Read more here

Ranking of federal IT budgets in 2018-2019

The ranking presents information on the planned and actual IT expenditures of federal authorities for 2019 and compares them with the data of 2018. Read more here

Analysis of IT budgets in 2018

The total volume of IT budgets in 2018 of all OGVs is 122.215 billion rubles. The top 20 OGVs practically did not change in composition compared to 2017 - only the Foreign Ministry fell out of this list, whose IT budget in 2018 did not reach the "line of billionaires" - departments whose budgets exceed 1 billion rubles. Read more here.

Analysis of IT budgets in 2017

According to the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, the total amount of funds included in the plans for the informatization of federal government agencies in 2016 amounted to 109.6 billion rubles. The total development budget (that is, the amount of funds spent on the creation, development or modernization of information systems and components of the information and telecommunication infrastructure of departments) reached 33.8 billion rubles (31.8%). Read more here.

Analysis of IT budgets in 2016

In 2016, according state agencies to preliminary data, the volume of federal spending on informatization and communications will amount to 106.2 billion, rubles which is 8.3% more than in 2015. As the coordination of informatization plans of departments Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media numbers can be adjusted. 70% of the funds are spent on the operation of the created infrastructure, 30% - on development projects. Read more here.

Centralization of equipment procurement

2019: Officials in Russia limited budget spending on phones and laptops

At the end of October 2019, it is known about limiting the cost of gadgets that are bought by officials for budget money for work needs. The draft of the relevant government decree was published on the federal portal of draft regulations.

For federal officials, a mobile phone should cost no more than 15 thousand rubles, a tablet - no more than 60 thousand rubles, a laptop - no more than 100 thousand rubles. At the same time, it is also impossible to spend more than 4 thousand rubles a month on communication.

For advisers and assistants, these amounts will amount to 10, 50 and 80 thousand rubles, respectively. They can spend 2 thousand rubles a month on communication.

Also , 75 thousand rubles will be set as the maximum amount for the purchase of a stationary computer along with a monitor, operating system, software and antivirus.

The restrictions do not apply to the heads of federal agencies, as well as deputy heads of federal services and agencies, where the price limit is not set.

According to the authors of the project, until now there were no restrictions on the purchase of phones and computers by civil servants at the expense of the budget, so officials purchased expensive devices that they use at work.

This created "conditions for the purchase of goods with unreasonably overestimated consumer properties and the provision of individual devices to employees for whom the presence of such devices is unnecessary within the framework of their official duties," said the Ministry of Finance, which took the initiative to establish limits on communications and devices.

The explanatory note also states that federal government agencies have "wide autonomy in the formation and approval of price standards and the amount of goods." 

In this regard, the Ministry of Finance proposed to establish standards for categories and groups of positions of the federal state civil service.^[19]

Centralizing Software Procurement

Budget Accounting Software

In June 2018, government decree No. 658 was issued on centralized purchases of office software, as well as software for maintaining budget accounting and software in the field of information security. The document determined the Federal Treasury responsible for centralized procurement of software for budget accounting for federal executive bodies (FNIV), the activities of which are managed by the government of the Russian Federation, and state institutions subordinate to them. Read more here.

Office software and information security solutions

According to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the authority to purchase office software and information security solutions for federal executive bodies, which are managed by the Government of the Russian Federation, is assigned to the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media. Read more here.

Notes