Main article: Russian economy
Construction
Main article: Construction in Russia
Market segments
High-end residential real estate
Main article: Luxury real estate in Russia
Warehouse real estate
Main article: Warehouse real estate (Russian market)
Office real estate
Main article: Office real estate (Russian market)
Retail real estate
Main article: Commercial real estate (Russian market)
Production real estate
Main article: Production real estate in Russia
Real estate by region
Real estate in Moscow
Main article: Real estate in Moscow
Real estate in Leningrad region
Main article: Real estate (Leningrad region market)
Investments of Russians in foreign real estate
Main article: Investments of Russians in foreign real estate
Digitalization in real estate
Main article: IT in real estate
Sale of real estate for debts at auction
Main article: Sale of real estate for debts at auction
2023
In Russia, a record 35.7 million square meters were commissioned per year. m of non-residential buildings
In 2023, real estate with a total area of 175 million square meters. m, of which 20% fell on non-residential buildings. This was announced on March 28, 2024 by the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation.
In total, 35.7 million square meters were commissioned in 2023. M of non-residential buildings. This is 2.2 million square meters. m (6.2% in percentage terms) more than in 2022, said the Minister of Construction and. HOUSING AND PUBLIC UTILITIES Irek Fayzullin 7.66 million square meters. m. Of these, commercial buildings (21% of the total volume of non-residential real estate), which include buildings of shopping centers and trade enterprises. 18% of non-residential properties commissioned in 2023 are new educational buildings. 5.48 million square meters. m of new buildings are used for industrial production and warehouses, 1.62 million - for facilities. health care
In
 | Maintaining the dynamics of housing construction growth and the commissioning of non-residential premises is facilitated, among other things, by state support measures and programs aimed at infrastructure development. This approach in the complex allows us to form conditions for creating new jobs, developing regional economies by increasing tax revenues to the budget, and therefore improving the quality of life in the country, the minister added. |  |
Most of the new non-residential buildings were commissioned in the Moscow region (4.8 million square meters) and Moscow (3.6 million square meters). In addition, 2.5 million square meters. m of non-residential real estate was launched in the Krasnodar Territory, 1.7 million square meters. m - in St. Petersburg, and in Tatarstan in 2023 appeared 1.5 million square meters. m of new non-residential buildings.
According to Fayzullin, the state is interested in increasing the volume of construction of non-residential real estate. Such objects, in his opinion, affect the balanced development of territories.[1]
Home sales in Russia for the year reached a record 18 trillion rubles
In 2023, about 3.8 million residential premises were sold in Russia for a record 18 trillion rubles, which corresponds to 11% of the country's GDP. This is evidenced by the data of "Дом.РФ," published at the end of February 2024.
According to a study cited by Forbes, approximately 73% of the housing bought by Russians in 2023 came from apartment buildings. In this case, we are talking about 2.78 million real estate objects, of which 1 million are housing purchased at the construction stage. About the same number - 1 million units - sold or built private houses.
In
As the head of the analytical center "Дом.РФ" Mikhail Goldberg noted, the costs of Russians for the purchase of housing in 2022 are comparable to 7% of the cadastral value of the entire housing stock of the country, which is about 261 trillion rubles.
According to the calculations of Дом.РФ analysts, at the end of 2023, citizens spent about 8.1 trillion rubles on new construction, including 6.4 trillion rubles on apartments and 1.7 trillion rubles on private houses. The volume of transactions in the secondary market in 2023 increased by 3.2% compared to 2022, to 9.9 trillion rubles, of which 7.6 trillion rubles - for apartments and 2.3 trillion rubles - for individual houses.
It also follows from the analytical report that in 2023 the share of mortgage transactions with apartments in new buildings increased to 87% against 70% two years earlier. The volume of transactions using preferential mortgages in 2023 increased by 3.2 trillion rubles, to 6.4 trillion rubles. At the expense of own funds and a market mortgage in 2023, housing was bought in the amount of 1.7 trillion rubles.
It is also reported that in 2023, Russians began to take out mortgages for individual housing construction (IZHS) more often, in two years the volume of loans in this segment increased from 32 billion to 537 billion rubles.[2]
Investments in Russian real estate updated the record
In 2023, 833 billion rubles were invested in Russian real estate, which was never the case. The recorded figure is 1.5 times higher than the volume of investments in 2022. Analysts at IBC Real Estate presented such data in January 2024.
As RBC writes with reference to the materials of IBC Real Estate, the dynamics of growth in real estate investments in the Russian Federation in 2023 turned out to be the highest since 2016, when the increase reached 93%.
The rapid rise of the market in 2023 is due to a number of factors, including the sale of "captured" and iconic objects for the market, says Mikael Ghazaryan, member of the board of directors, head of the capital markets and investments department at IBC Real Estate. According to him, the third part of the total investment was formed by four largest transactions - the sale of a portfolio of 14 MEGA shopping and entertainment centers, a portfolio of land plots of MIC, Metropolis shopping and entertainment center and Columbus shopping and entertainment center. At the same time, 30% of the total investment (254 billion rubles) was transactions on the sale of Russian assets by foreign owners, Ghazaryan added.
The leader in terms of investment in 2023 was retail real estate - it accounted for 39% of the total investment. In total, 325 billion rubles were invested in the segment, which was almost seven times higher than in 2022 - 47 billion rubles. The residential segment with a 32% investment share took second place in the past year, the volume of investments amounted to 263 billion rubles and 19% exceeded the same indicator in 2022.
The top three also included office real estate with an investment share of 16% (136 billion rubles). Investments in offices in 2023 increased by 39% compared with 2022. The fourth place was shared by warehouse real estate and hotel real estate, in which 53 billion and 54 billion rubles were invested in 2023, respectively.[3]
A sharp rise in the cost of renting a home
The average rental price for one-room apartments in the 18 largest regional markets of Russia in 2023 amounted to 27 thousand rubles per month, two-room apartments - 39.5 thousand rubles, which is 25.8% and 24% more than in the previous year. This is evidenced by the data of "Cian-Analytics," published in early January 2024.
The sharp increase in the cost of rented housing is associated with a shortage of supply due to insufficient rates of housing launch on the market, the preservation of the trend for moving the population to large cities, the return of relocants and the development of tourism. It is expected that in the near future the situation in the rental housing market will not change, writes Kommersant in the issue of January 8, 2024.
According to analysts of the Etazhi company, in large cities at the end of December 2023 , the cost of renting a one-room apartment for a month averaged 25.2 thousand rubles, and a two-room apartment - 30.6 thousand rubles. Data "Cian.ru. Analysts "even higher - 27 thousand rubles a month for one-room and 39.5 thousand rubles for two-room apartments.
The most pronounced increase in the average cost of renting one-room apartments occurred in Perm, Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod and St. Petersburg. In Moscow, the average cost of renting a one-room apartment was 54.2 thousand rubles, a two-room apartment - 98.2 thousand rubles.
According to the head of Cian.ru.Analytiki Aleksei Popov, the population continues to concentrate in the largest agglomerations, where more and more apartments are required due to a change in demographic behavior. Children used to leave their parents, later give birth to their first child, more often they live alone, he said.
Olga Pavlinova, director of the Floors rental department, calls the development of the short-term rental housing market another factor due to the growth of domestic tourist flow: some of the apartments left the long-term exposition - they began to be rented to tourists.[4]
Half of fraudulent real estate transactions are made in Russia using Internet technologies
Half of fraudulent real estate transactions are made in Russia using digital technologies. Such data in March 2023, the managing partner of Metrium, Nadezhda Korkka. Read more here.
The portfolio of commercial real estate of foreigners in Russia with an estimated 800 billion rubles
Foreigners did not receive up to 50 billion rubles from the sale of real estate in Russia due to a forced discount. The remaining commercial real estate portfolio for March 2023 is estimated without discounts at 800 billion rubles.
2022
Record investments in commercial real estate in Russia
In 2022, investments in commercial real estate in Russia reached 487.2 billion rubles, which is 21% more than a year earlier. The result recorded by analysts NF Group turned out to be a record for the market.
The main driver of investment demand was Russian investors who bought assets of foreign companies leaving the country. As expected, the share of foreign capital has become the smallest since the beginning of market observation and amounted to 3.3% of the total investment.
| | After February 2022, foreign companies that own a large volume of assets in the Russian Federation gradually decided to leave the Russian market and further sell their assets. Thus, high-quality, and sometimes "trophy" assets that were previously unavailable for purchase appeared in the proposal, the study notes. | |
According to the NF Group, the share of investments in finished commercial real estate has significantly increased: if in 2021 they accounted for 36% of the invested funds, and others were invested in development sites, then by the end of 2022 the figure increased to 55%. The share of development sites amounted to 45% against 64% a year earlier. In addition to Moscow developers who continue to increase the land fund, regional developers acquiring sites in Moscow and St. Petersburg made a significant contribution to the total.
The largest volume of investments in 2022 fell on the office segment - 22% against 12% a year earlier. In absolute terms, this market has grown from 50 to 108 billion rubles. In second place in terms of the volume of transactions was the warehouse and industrial segment - 17% against 16% in 2021, 84.6 billion rubles. Retail real estate provided only 8% of transactions, which is equivalent to 40.7 billion rubles.
69% of all transactions fell on the Moscow market. For comparison, the share of the capital in 2021 was estimated at 67%. Another 22% (against 29% a year earlier) provided transactions in the St. Petersburg market. The share of regions in the overall structure of transactions increased over the year from 4% to 10%.[5]
Record real estate investments - 0.5 trillion rubles, of which 45% are housing
Investments in Russian real estate in 2022 amounted to almost half a trillion rubles - this is a maximum of 20 years. The leader in investments was residential real estate - it accounted for 45%.
Half of real estate transactions in Russia were carried out by proxy
In 2022, 50% of transactions for the sale of housing in the secondary market throughout Russia were carried out through a notarial power of attorney. This is evidenced by the data of the investment company "Flip."
As Kommersant writes with reference to these statistics, the indicator has become a record in the entire history of market observations: according to analysts, in 2021 there were no more than 20% of proxy transactions, in 2020 - 15%, in 2019 - 8%, in 2018 - 5%.
In general, 3.9 million transactions were concluded in the secondary market in 2022, which is 7% less year-on-year. Most of all fell on Moscow, Moscow region and Krasnodar Territory.
The increase in the number of sales of apartments by proxy in the capital and the region was recorded after the announcement of partial mobilization, said Elena Mishchenko, head of the city real estate department at NDV Supermarket Real Estate. According to her, until September 2022, the share did not exceed 5%, and by the end of the year it reached 20%. Before leaving Russia, some owners made donations to relatives for their apartments, and then they were sold.
The newspaper's publication notes that when selling real estate by proxy, the price decreases by at least 10%, and 50% of Russians fear such transactions and refuse them due to potential risks. Buyers are frightened by the possibility of making a mistake in the contract, which is difficult to fix without the owner and, of course, they are afraid of facing fraud.
Proxy transactions are taken more closely by banks, and insurers often give waivers when it comes to mortgage transaction insurance.
Flip CEO Yevgeny Shavnev believes that in 2023 the share of proxy transactions will remain at the same level. According to him, new objects will go on sale, whose owners are not located in Russia and have already been able to decide on the place of stay in the near future.[6]
2021
Sales in new buildings in Russia for the year increased by 17% - Rosstat
According to Rosstat, published on February 11, 2022, in 2021, the department registered 898.6 thousand equity agreements (DDUs) in housing construction, which is 17% more than a year earlier, when the number of transactions was measured 763.8 thousand.
The head of the apparatus of the National Association of Housing Developers Kirill Kholopik, commenting on the statistics of Rosstat, noted that the sales of new buildings in Russia in 2021 updated the record, which has been held since 2014.
| | The number of sales of housing under construction is the most important indicator determining the state of the housing construction industry. The stability of financing for construction and subsequent commissioning depends on sales, "he said. | |
According to Rosstat's calculations, most of the DDU was concluded in Moscow - 144 thousand, Moscow region - 116.3 thousand, St. Petersburg - 75.8 thousand, Krasnodar Territory - 70.7 thousand.
At the same time, the demand in the secondary real estate market for 2021 increased by 14.5%: 4.2 million sales contracts were registered, while for 2020 - almost 3.7 million, follows from the statistics of Rosreestr. Such transactions in 2021 were most often concluded in the Moscow region (273.3 thousand), Krasnodar Territory (271.5 thousand), Moscow (171 thousand), Sverdlovsk region (155 thousand) and in the Republic of Tatarstan (135.3 thousand).
According to experts interviewed by RBC, one of the main motives for buying an apartment in a new building is the ability to purchase housing at a lower price at the start of sales compared to the finished one. However, with the transition to escrow accounts, the cost of housing at the initial stage of construction became comparable to ready-made projects, which can be settled immediately. In the case of buying a new building at the pit stage, it will take two to three years to wait for the completion of the house.[7]
Investments in commercial real estate in Russia increased by 52%
In 2021, more than 390 billion rubles were invested in commercial real estate in Russia (a record figure), which is 52% more than a year earlier, and 49% higher than the result of 2019, when there was no COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. Such data analysts Knight Frank released at the end of January 2022.
| | The year in the commercial real estate market in Russia was marked by an increase in the activity of users and developers in both the office and warehouse segments. The continued growth in demand and the strengthening of the deficit state of the market influenced the increase in investor interest in objects. The general positive state of the market and optimistic expectations from its further development have become the main drivers for achieving high investment volumes, the study says, an excerpt from which is provided by RIA Real Estate. | |
The largest share of investments - 65% - in 2021 fell on development sites. According to analysts, the continuing high demand for housing and the active absorption of land available for construction create a kind of excitement around liquid land plots, which are becoming less and less.
By the end of 2021, 14% of investments were directed to warehouse and logistics real estate facilities, 13% to offices, and 6% to retail facilities. Most of the funds were spent on real estate in Moscow (67%), 29% was directed to the purchase of objects in St. Petersburg, 4% - on objects in other regions of Russia.
The share of foreign investors in 2021 again decreased and reached a minimum level of 3% during the observation period, which is 3 percentage points. lower than in 2020. The share of investment companies and private investors also decreased to 23% against 36% at the end of 2020. At the same time, an increase in the share and further strengthening of this type of buyers as management companies of mutual funds are noticeable.[8]
Residential property price rises at resorts higher than national average
The rise in prices for residential real estate in resort regions turned out to be much higher than the national average. So, if secondary housing in Russia in 2021, according to SRG estimates, has risen in price by 22.34%, then in the Krasnodar Territory, Crimea and the Kaliningrad Region the growth was two to three times more. The absolute leader was Gelendzhik, where the average cost of secondary real estate for the year increased by 92.6%, to 196.8 thousand rubles. for 1 sq. m. Novorossiysk (by 76.4%, up to 120.9 thousand rubles) and Anapa (by 65.9%, up to 114.1 thousand rubles) follow.
In these cities, those who wanted real estate by the sea, but could not buy it in Sochi, began to buy apartments, analysts explain. Buyers of resort apartments traditionally flock there, but by the end of 2021, average prices in Sochi increased by 45.7%, to 246 thousand per 1 sq. m, approaching Moscow.
Investments in Russian real estate turned out to be a record since 2013
Investments in Russian real estate at the end of 2021 turned out to be a record in eight years - $5.4 billion. Compared to 2020, investments increased by 30%, according to JLL data released in mid-January 2022. CBRE estimated investor spending on Russian commercial real estate and housing construction sites at $5.3 billion in 2021.
The main growth in investments in 2021 was provided by the St. Petersburg market. According to JLL, the increase here was 2.6 times, to $1.8 billion. In Moscow, investments grew by 8%, to $3.3 billion. In the regions, investment activity decreased by 25% year-on-year, to about $300 million.
In a conversation with Kommersant, Vladislav Fadeev, head of research at JLL, noted that the increase in investment in St. Petersburg is due to an increase in interest in land for residential projects. According to him, earlier developers bought out mainly small plots, and in 2021 they focused on large-scale sites. In addition, the cost of land in St. Petersburg over the year increased by 60-70%, which also affected the volume of investments, the expert adds.
According to Alexei Novikov, managing partner of Knight Frank & CIS, the most interesting segment for investment was residential areas. He calculated that in 2021 67.8% of the volume of transactions in the country fell on the acquisition of plots, while a year earlier this figure was 48.8%. This trend is associated with high demand for housing in new buildings, Novikov explained.
ILM partner Andrei Lukashev called housing construction the most profitable business on the market - there is up to 35% profitability and high liquidity. For example, investments in offices bring investors an average of up to 11.5% per annum, in logistics complexes - up to 11.75%, in retail facilities - up to 12%.[9]
In the top ten countries of the world in terms of the growth rate of real estate prices
Structure of the apartment fund by the number of rooms
2020
Residential property price rise 14.0%
How prices for new buildings changed
2019
Daily rental of apartments banned in Russia
In November 2019, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev signed a decree banning the provision of hotel services in residential premises of apartment buildings. The document, published on the official Internet portal of legal information, should actually entail the liquidation of the institute of daily rental housing, outlawing services like Airbnb.
According to the decree of the representative office, it is prohibited to use residential premises for the provision of hotel services, industrial enterprises, as well as missionary activities, unless otherwise provided by the law "On freedom of conscience and religious associations."
At the same time, residents of the apartment are legally allowed to use residential premises for professional and individual entrepreneurial activities, if this does not violate the rights of other citizens and the requirements that the residential premises must meet.
The first deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Housing Policy and Housing and Communal Services Sergei Pakhomov explained that the head of government signed a decree because the regulations bring in line with the law on hostels, which entered into force on October 1, 2019. Pakhomov added that hotel services involve a number of requirements - linen, cleaning and mandatory registration of guests with the Federal Migration Service (FMS), and rental housing is a civil law relationship.
According to Alena Enova, head of the League of Small Hotels, Hostels and Tourist Housing in St. Petersburg, the owners of hostels and mini-hotels in Moscow and St. Petersburg bypass the ban on conducting activities in residential buildings, re-registering their objects in apartments with daily or long-term rent under a hiring agreement, formally - without providing hotel [10]"
Price dynamics for one-room apartments in Russian cities
The State Duma supported the sale of apartments via the Internet
On September 18, 2019, it became known that the State Duma Committee on the Financial Market approved a bill allowing real estate transactions to be carried out remotely.
The initiative assumes that the buyer and seller of the apartment do not have to meet with each other, so they can be in different cities. The parties to the transaction will only need to contact a notary who will check the documents, explain the legal consequences of the transaction and testify to the intention to sell and buy real estate.
Further, the notary, who works with the real estate purchaser, will send electronic documents for registration of ownership to Rosreestr. Confirmation will be ready after one business day.
According to Rossiyskaya Gazeta, the procedure for preparing for the deal will remain the same, and the certificate of the contract will be held online, through a specially developed secure communication channel for notaries.
The new format may turn out to be convenient for those who left their hometown long ago, and the apartment remained in ownership, or for those who inherited housing in another region. By September 2019, in order to resolve legal issues with real estate, you must either go directly to the place, or issue a power of attorney for one of the locals.
Performing notarial actions remotely is one of the stages of creating a secure environment for electronic transactions. This is one of the goals of the Digital Economy national project. So, on August 13, 2019, a law came into force regulating the procedure for applying a digital signature when conducting transactions. Because of him, it became impossible to apply for registration of the transfer of ownership remotely. A transaction with a digital signature can be carried out only with the written consent of the property owner.[11]
Notes
- ↑ Irek Fayzullin: 35.7 million square meters were commissioned in Russia in 2023. M of non-residential buildings
- ↑ Russians spent 18 trillion rubles on the purchase or construction of housing in 2023
- ↑ Real estate investments in 2023 broke a new record. What will happen next
- ↑ Tenants dismantled apartments
- ↑ Investments in commercial real estate of the Russian Federation set a historical record
- ↑ Signed - and from the shoulders housing Left citizens sold apartments by power of attorney
- ↑ Sales in new buildings in Russia in 2021 increased by 17%
- ↑ Investments in commercial real estate in Russia in 2021 set a record
- ↑ Here the city will be touched
- ↑ services. http:/ /publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201911110015 Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 07.11.2019 No. 1417 "On Amending the Rules for the Use of Residential Premises
- ↑ The law will allow through a notary to remotely issue an apartment
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