Owners
Owners
As of October 2012, the temple complex of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and the territory belong to the city of Moscow. In 2004, by order of the mayor, they were transferred to the management of a non-profit organization - the Foundation of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. The order ordered the fund to conclude an agreement on the joint use of the premises of the temple with the Patriarchal Compound. But by 2012, only 7% of the area was transferred to the courtyard.
Subsidies from Moscow
Subsidies from Moscow "to maintain the state of the temple": from January 2010 to September 2012, the fund received 698.2 million rubles.
In June 2020, the Moscow mayor's office signed another contract for the reconstruction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. The contract value amounted to 927 million rubles.
The contractor, according to the contract concluded on June 17, was the CEN company - the only one to apply for participation in the auction. Previously, she has already received a similar contract for 1.6 billion rubles, its execution is planned by the end of August.
Hall rentals
For 2012, the Foundation of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior can rent temple premises for corporate events:
- hall of church cathedrals - 450,000 rubles. per day,
- conference room - 100,000 rubles[1].
Business activities
Main article: Income of the Russian Orthodox Church
2012
In 2012, in addition to the temple itself, there is a car wash, dining room, dry cleaning and laundry, refectory, tire fitting, car service, paid many shopping stalls, paid underground parking for 305 cars. In most cases, the service seller is the Foundation of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
The annual turnover of the ХХС Fund together with three "daughters" at this time does not exceed 40 million rubles[2].
Vrata LLC and Alexey Vishnyak
For 2012, if you look from Volkhonka, then to the right and left of the temple two shops are visible - souvenir and jewelry. In the first trade is conducted by Vrata-1 LLC, in the second, which is called Larets, - Vrata-2 LLC. In SPARK you can find several more "Gates." These are registered at the address of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior "Gate-3," "Gate-5" (trade in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and perfumes) and "Gate-4" (accounting and audit) and registered at the address of the Church of the Holy Martyr Clement on Pyatnitskaya "Gate-8" (trade in jewelry[1].
In the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and the Church of the Holy Martyr Clement, they did not hear anything about the "Gates": "You were mistaken, this is a temple."
Alexey Vishnyak is the co-owner of all Gates and the general director of almost all (with the exception of one LLC). The popularity of this person was brought in September by Arkady Mamontov's television program "Provocateurs-2." In it, Vishnyak, presented as a former adviser to Boris Berezovsky, made the assumption that Berezovsky could be behind the Pussy Riot action in the church.
In an interview with Dozhd TV channel, Berezovsky recalled that he had known Vishnyak for a long time: he once financed the Orthodox newspaper, which he headed. Then Vishniak met with him in the UK and Israel. Berezovsky says he consulted Vishniak on biblical terminology, particularly when writing a letter to Patriarch Kirill.
Vishnyak in a blog on Echo of Moscow confirmed that he has been closely acquainted with Berezovsky since the 1990s and worked as "his adviser on religious issues." He also said that he runs the Transfiguration public organization.
It was not possible to find in SPARK "Transfiguration," the leader of which Vishnyak would be listed. But there was a Fund for supporting veterans of the traffic police-traffic police, the founder and head of which he is listed. This fund is also registered at the address of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
 | "We represent the views of the wing of clergy influential in the Russian Orthodox Church, who have quite liberal views on the relationship between church and society, and modern-thinking representatives of law enforcement agencies," Vishnyak wrote in his blog on Echo of Moscow. |  |
Berezovsky at Dozhd recalled that Vishnyak, when meeting with him, "all the time spoke about his close ties with Patriarch Kirill<...>, more precisely, with high ranks in the Russian Orthodox Church."
SPARK shows one thing that may be interesting to those who saw Vishnyak's church and law enforcement connections as an opportunity for business. Vishniak establishes firms with the same name but different co-owners. So in "Gate-1" and "Gate-2" initially 51% belonged to the Bashkir entrepreneur Ilshat Niyazov. But these "Gates" do not seem to have led Niyazov to the temple. In May 2009, Vishnyak filed a lawsuit against him in the arbitration court to terminate the contract for the sale and purchase of a stake in Vrat-1 in connection with a "significant violation of the contract." In response, Niyazov contributed 6,120 rubles, which he had to pay for his 51% under a sale and purchase agreement, and told the court that he did not want to argue with Vishnyak over 6,000 rubles, since he "invested significant funds in the company." Vishnyak's lawsuit was denied. In December 2009, he registered "Gate-1" already at the address of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, they in 2012 and sell souvenirs on the territory of the temple. Niyazov has nothing to do with them.
There were also two traffic police funds. And "Gate-8" two, both companies are registered at the address of the Church of the Holy Martyr Clement, both - for the jewelry trade, in both - General Director Vishnyak.
Vedomosti contacted Vishnyak. He asked to call back and stopped coming to the phone.
Jeweler and Felix Komarov
"No one will tell better than Felix Komarov [about this business]," says entrepreneur Veronika Lyudmirskaya, whose share in the Gates, which vary in order, ranges from 6 to 25%.
Russian entrepreneur and American green card holder Felix Komarov told Vedomosti that he invested about $1 million in the business of churches. Now he and his partner, citizen Germany Igor Rabinovich, own half of Gate-2 (the Laretz shop near the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, see photo) and half of Orthodox Jewelry House LLC, which owns a stake in Gate-8.
| | "A year and a half or two ago, I crossed paths with people who are engaged in the temple and this activity, including Vishnyak," Komarov recalls. - Acquaintance happened at a church event. I donated to the temple, gave crosses to the work of Ernst the Unknown. " | |
According to Komarov, he was attracted to this business "not a desire to enrich himself, but charity work":
| | "I met with people, took part in projects that relate to the temple and these" Gates. " One of these projects, let's call it simplified, is jewelry. A kiosk was built at the temple, very culturally, in the style of the temple, everything there was coordinated with the company that designed, with the company that built [the temple], so that there was no dissonance. Items of faith are sold there - crosses, medallions. " | |
Komarov is convinced that this is a good thing.
| | "People buy these items. So it's better to let them buy here. My partners and I are confident that no one will be fooled here, that the samples will be normal. " | |
"Laretz" has been open for about a year, Komarov calls it "a pilot project at the country's main temple." He likes the idea of "Orthodox Jewelry House":
| | "I would like to do this in other cities and at other temples and so that the pricing policy is softer there. If you develop this network as planned, then the volume of jewelry business can amount to several million dollars... I'm just not interested in one shop. But the idea of centralizing all this so that things are approved and consistent with church canons, so that they are tested and that the church is spiritually and financially involved in this - such an idea is interesting to me, "he explains. | |
Komarov's plans are to open "people's pharmacies" at churches, where prices will be "human" (in November 2011, pharmaceutical "Gates-3" and "Gates-5" were registered).
Previously, Komarov was engaged in other business. According to SPARK, for example, he was a co-owner of one of the central casinos in Moscow - the Europa club near Strastnoy Boulevard. The casino was reportedly controlled by reputable entrepreneur Alimzhan Tokhtakhunov.
| | "My life gave more than one sinusoid," Komarov jokes. - In the Soviet Union I was an engineer, then the chief engineer of the project. I made decisions, flew all over the country, worked hard and very interestingly. Then, when everything changed, so did I. " | |
For eight years Komarov lived in America - until 1998.
| | "I came to the US with ideas that I was able to embody with a group of young people," he recalls. "I persuaded them not to just farce, but to supply computers, we did this, and this was the first money I earned there." | |
In the United States, Komarov created a multimillion-dollar business that included a restaurant, nightclub and jewelry workshops.
Komarov says he "owned the Russian World Gallery on 5th Avenue, New York's" museum mile. " And that he is perfectly familiar with Rudy Giuliani (the former mayor of New York), Ernst the Unknown and other famous sculptors and artists.
The FBI tried to connect Komarov with Vyacheslav Ivankov. The FBI had information that Komarov was allegedly laundering money for Ivankov, according to the court materials, which considered Komarov's claim against one of the American publishers.
| | 'He's never really been a thug. I think that his thieves past is almost a fiction, - said Unknown about Komarov in Igor Svinarenko's book "Our People" and further reasoned: - What is a bandit? Here you need to decide. One Russian person owes me $470,000. I do not know how to put into effect the Russian law in order to return at least half of this money. And a bandit - he can do such a service. " | |
| | "It was such a difficult, unusual time," says Komarov. "For America, then all Russians were bandits. When they came to me for interviews, I said: welcome, what are you interested in - the mafia or art? I spoke about it boldly. An honest person has nothing to fear. And if there are pictures of me with people who associate with crime, that doesn't mean I'm a criminal. I had pictures of me in a gallery in midtown Manhattan with movie stars, like Sylvester Stallone, with Al Pacino, but that doesn't mean I'm an actor. " "I've been going to America three to four times a year for so many years. I have a green card. If there was something - you know different American lists - I would have closed the entrance a long time ago, "Komarov concludes. | |
Exhibition of Icons and Igor Vozyakov
Another person Vishnyak invited to the Cathedral of Christ the Savior is Igor Vozyakov; his relative Dmitry Vozyakov is listed as the owner of Durisoft LLC, which owns 35% in Vrat-4 (accounting and audit).
In the oil business, Vozyakov is known as the manager of Lukoil (he headed the strategic marketing department until 1999), and then as deputy vice president of Transneft (approximately until 2003-2004). "An energetic, enterprising young man," a former colleague recalls Vozyakov.
And in society, Vozyakov is known as a passionate collector and founder of the museum "House of Icons" on Spiridonovka.
| | "The main business and interest in my life has long been the gathering of rare, ancient icons, which are of particular historical and cultural value," Vozyakov told Vedomosti. "When the collection began to number more than 2,000 icons of ancient writing<...>, it was decided to create a museum to transfer its collection to it." | |
Collecting icons and a museum is far from commerce, what does Gate-4 have to do with their accounting? In the fall of 2012, Vishnyak turned to the museum with a proposal to arrange temporary exhibitions in the bypass gallery of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, says Vozyakov. He was interested in this proposal.
| | "Vishnyak and his employees prepared all the necessary papers so that in December we could already open a Christmas exhibition," continues Vozyakov. - Very soon it became clear that our exhibition activity is impossible without his participation. So, we were asked to create a company with which all contractual relations would be maintained: insurance contracts, acceptance agreements for temporary storage, acts of preservation, guarantee of return, etc. This is how the Durisoft company appeared. | |
But things did not go further: it turned out that "the conditions and prospects of museum activities did not meet my expectations," Vozyakov neatly formulates:
| | "I have always been confident<...> that activities like this should not be commercial. As a result of the fact that our points of view diverged<...>, the project did not go beyond the creation of the Durisoft company. Since then, I<...> have not seen Vishnyak<...> Durisoft currently does not operate, has a zero balance sheet and is preparing for liquidation. " | |
2008: Federal Property Management Agency rents parking spaces for 1.2 million rubles
The fund also receives money under government contracts. SPARK shows, for example, that in 2008 the Russian Federal Property Fund rented parking spaces from him for 1.2 million rubles.
History
1988: An initiative group for the reconstruction of the temple is organized
In April 1988, an initiative group was organized in Moscow for the reconstruction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, one of the driving ideas was repentance to the Russian Orthodox Church for the destruction of the monument in the past. The group publicly disseminated information that was not allowed in the official rhetoric of the atheistic USSR.
1969
1966
1965-1966 Author: Tanfel Borisovich Bakman]]
1938
1933
1932
It took almost a year and a half to analyze the wreckage and rubble left after the explosion of the religious building.
1931: Demolition of the temple
On December 5, 1931, two explosions were made, after the first, the domes and upper tiers of the temple were demolished, the skeleton itself resisted.
1930
1925
1925]]
1918: Dismantling of the monument to Alexander III
Dismantling of the monument began on July 17, 1918.
1917
1912: Opening of the monument to Alexander III
1903
1852
Notes
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