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Key indicators
Population
2023: Population decline of 0.17% to 146.2 million
The permanent population of Russia as of January 1, 2024 amounted to 146.2 million people, which is 0.17%, or 243.8 thousand people, less than a year earlier (excluding the LPR, DPR, Kherson and Zaporozhye regions). This is evidenced by the data that Rosstat published on January 26, 2024.
Judging by the figures of the department, the rate of decline in the population of the Russian Federation has decreased: in 2022, the number of people in the country decreased by 532.6 thousand people.
According to Rosstat materials, the urban population of Russia by the beginning of 2024 totals approximately 109 million 605.7 thousand people, rural - 36 million 597.9 thousand. Rosstat recorded the largest population increase over the year in the Moscow region (+ 59.2 thousand), Moscow (+ 50.5 thousand) and the Tyumen region (+ 41.8%). The largest population decline was observed in the Kemerovo and Nizhny Novgorod regions (-20.2 thousand and -20 thousand, respectively), as well as in the Saratov and Sverdlovsk regions (-19 thousand and -16 thousand).
A significant (more than twice) difference between the size of the reduction in the population of Russia in 2023 and 2022 is caused by a decrease in natural decline and an increase in registered migration growth, says demographer Igor Efremov.
 | Natural population decline in 2023 decreased compared to 2022 due to the fact that in the first three months of 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic made a great contribution to mortality, which ended in Russia by April [2022 ], the expert said in a conversation with RBC. |  |
According to Irina Kalabikhina, Head of the Population Department of the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, the figures of Rosstat for 2023 reflect the successes in reducing mortality. At the same time, "no one will give guarantees of maintaining the [positive] trend in the future - too many factors affect," she added.[1]
2022: Down by 555,332 to 146.4m
As of January 1, 2023, the population Russia is 146 424 729 people against 146 980 051 people a year earlier. This is evidenced by the data Rosstat that was released on February 1, 2023.
Thus, the population of the Russian Federation for the year decreased by 555,332 people. At the same time, the published statistics did not include data on, Donetsk People's Republic (DPR), and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR) Zaporozhskaya Hersonskaya regions. The population is estimated on the basis of the results of the latest population census, to the indicators of which the number of births, deaths and departures is added and subtracted.
The census results become the foundation for assessing the population, and in the intervals between censuses, the resident population is recalculated based on the data of the registry office system on fertility/mortality and migration accounting, explained Mikhail Denisenko, director of the A.G. Vishnevsky Institute of Demography at the Higher School of Economics.
By January 1, 2023, the urban population in Russia is about 109.6 million people, rural - about 36.8 million. Both indicators decreased over the year - by 173,000 and almost 104,000, respectively.
Most people (more than 40 million) live in the Central Federal District, according to Rosstat data. It is followed by the Volga Federal District (more than 28.6 million). 16.6 million Russians live in the Siberian and Southern districts, and 13.6 million in the North-Western Federal District. The population of the Ural Federal District is more than 12 million, and the North Caucasus - more than 10 million.
In total, there are 16 million-plus cities in Russia, including Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Samara, Ufa, Chelyabinsk, etc. In 2022, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm and Voronezh were added to this list. According to Rosstat, more than 13 million people live in Moscow, and almost 5.6 million live in St. Petersburg.[2]
2020
Population decline of 1.1% over 30 years
The population decreased by 0.5 million people, to 146.24 million people, due to the COVID-19 epidemic
According to the data, by Rosstat January 1, 2021, the number of permanent Russia population in decreased by 510 thousand people compared to the same period of the previous year and amounted to 146.24 million people.
The decline was a record over the past 15 years amid the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. An even more rapid decline in the population of the Russian Federation took place in 2005 - then it decreased by 564.5 thousand people.
The population as of January 1, 2021 turned out to be minimal since the beginning of 2014 - then it was 143.7 million people, and after the annexation of Crimea at the beginning of 2015, the figure increased to 146.3 million people (before that, 146.3 million people were in the country for the last time in 2001, and the minimum was reached at the beginning of 2009 - 142.7 million people), notes Interfax"."
According to Rosstat for January-November 2020, mortality in Russia due to the coronavirus pandemic amounted to 14 cases per 1000 people of the population. If the situation has not changed in December, by the end of 2020, mortality will be a record since 2010, when it reached 14.2 cases per 1000 people.
At the end of 2020, the Russian government expected a population decline of 352.5 thousand people. This is ten times more than in 2019. According to government forecasts, in five years the number of residents of the country may decrease by 1.2 million.
According to Rosstat statistics, the urban population of Russia by January 1, 2021 amounted to almost 109.3 million people, rural - about 37 million people.
According to Anatoly Vishnevsky, director of the HSE Institute for Demography, with a declining birth rate, the total population of Russia in conditions of natural population decline can only grow due to migrants. However, without economic growth, even Russia will not be able to achieve the necessary scale of migration, the expert believes.
According to the decree of Russian President Vladimir Putin, by 2030 Russia should ensure sustainable population growth, taking into account migration.[3]
Population reduction by 382 thousand people in 10 months
The population of Russia in January-October 2020 against the background of the COVID-19 epidemic decreased by almost 382,000 people. This is 11 times more than in 2019 - then the figure was about 35,000 people .
At the same time , the government in October 2020 expected that the number by the end of the year would decrease by only 352,000 people. In general, according to the forecast of the Cabinet, the population of Russia will decrease over the next four years and by 2024 will decrease by more than 1.2 million people. Population growth is not planned until 2030.
2019: 146.74 million
The population of Russia decreased in 2019 by 35,600 people, Rosstat said, which is less than in 2018, when it decreased by 99,700 people. According to preliminary data as of January 1, 2020 , there are 146 745 098 people in Russia.
2018: Unchanged population since 1989
2017: 1.9% of the world's population
2015: 146.5 million people (+ 0.9% for the year )
The population of Russia increased by January 1, 2016 by 0.9% in annual terms and amounted to 146 519 800 people, Rosstat reports.
The largest population growth was noted in the Crimean Federal District: by 0.7% to 2 million 327.3 thousand people. In the North Caucasus Federal District, the figure increased by 0.3% to 9 million 717.5 thousand people, in the Central Federal District - by 0.18% to 39.912 million people, in the Southern Federal District - by 0.14% to 14.428 thousand people, in the Ural Federal District - by 0.12% to 12 million 306.1 thousand people.
In the North-West and Siberian federal districts, the population increased by 0.03% and 0.02% to 13 million 850.8 thousand and 19 million 320.6 thousand people, respectively.
The population decreased in the Far Eastern and Volga federal districts: by 0.13% and 0.08% to 6 million 194.5 thousand and 29 million 668.7 thousand, respectively.
2013: 143.3 million
2010: Reduction from 2002 of 2.3 million to 142.8 million
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, two All-Russian population censuses were held in the Russian Federation in 2002 and 2010 in accordance with the Federal Law of 25.01.2002 No. 8-FZ "On the All-Russian Population Census."
Based on official data from Rosreestr, on the administrative borders of the Russian Federation (2011), and the State Statistics Committee, on population censuses in 2002 and 2010. the population in 2010, compared to 2002, decreased by 2,310,195 people. and amounted to 142 856 536 people, Rilos said. The decline occurred in 62 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The worst dynamics were demonstrated by:
- Altai Territory (-7.2%),
- Nizhny Novgorod (-6.1%) and
- Sverdlovsk (-4.2%) region.
Click on the image twice to get the maximum map size
The main reasons for the decline are natural decline and outflow of the population. In 21 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the population has increased. The largest growth was recorded in such subjects with a historically high birth rate as the Republic of Dagestan (+ 13%), as well as in migrationally attractive subjects: Moscow (+ 10.8%) and the Moscow region (+ 7.2%).
1897: 125.6 million people in the Russian Empire
The first and only general census of the population of the Russian Empire was carried out as of February 9 (January 28, old style), 1897. According to its results, the population of the empire amounted to 125.6 million people.
1884: Russia gives US 3rd place in terms of population in countries of the world
From at least 1800 to 1884, Russia ranked third in the world in terms of population after China and India.
Population by region
In 2015, the population is extremely unevenly distributed: about 68.3% of Russians live in the European part of Russia, which makes up 20.82% of the territory.
The population density of European Russia is 27 people/km ², and Asian - 3 people/km ².
Urban population - 74.27% (2017). As of 2014, the population density in Russia was 8.4 people/km ².
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Population decline/growth in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Cities
Census
Main article: Census in Russia
Unified Federal Register of the Population of Russia on the basis of the Registry Office Register (EGR Registry Office)
Main article: The Unified Federal Register of the Population of Russia on the basis of the Registry Office Register (EGR Registry Office)
Fertility and mortality in Russia
Main article: Fertility and mortality in Russia
Demographics (National Project)
Main article: Demography (national project)
Male-to-female ratio
As of January 1, 2019, the female population prevails in most Russian regions. According to Rosstat, women make up 53.77% of the country's population. Representatives of the stronger sex prevail only in one subject of the Russian Federation - in Chukotka - although their advantage is minimal: 50.8% versus 49.2%.
Dating
2021:4% of adults out of wedlock used dating sites
Marriages and divorces
Main article: Marriages and divorces in Russia
Main Article: Prenuptial Agreements
Large families
Main article: Large families in Russia
Children out of wedlock
Adoption of children in Russia
Main article: Adoption of children in Russia
Homeless people
Main article: Homeless people in Russia
Age
Migration
External migration
Main article: Migration from Russia and to Russia
Internal migration
Dominant haplogroup
See also:
National composition
Slavs
Russians
Ukrainians
Jews
Armenians
Crimean Tatars
Main article: Crimean Tatars
Treatment of Other Countries
2022: The number of Russians negative towards the United States at the maximum since 1991 - 71%
The number of Russians who are negative towards the United States has reached its maximum since 1991 (71%). Almost half treat America very badly (47%).
2018: Low levels of anti-Semitism
Languages
2021: Census reveals 5 disappeared languages
According to the results of the population census conducted in Russia in 2021, five disappeared languages and one asleep were identified. In general, since the beginning of the 20th century, 15 languages have disappeared in the Russian Federation. This is stated in a study by the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the results of which were published on February 6, 2024.
This census showed that there are 155 living languages in Russia. At the same time, the respondents, answering the question of what languages they speak, indicated five languages that linguists attribute to the disappeared: these are Aleut, Kerek, Ainu, Sirenik and Yugsky. Another language - Oroch - received the status of a asleep.
The disappeared include languages in which no one speaks at the time of the survey. According to the authors of the study, census respondents indicate such languages as their mother tongue or language of possession, as a rule, due to the fact that this is the language of their nationality - for example, Kerek, Sirenik and South. In turn, fallen asleep are considered languages that have speakers who remember something (for example, individual words or a song), or people who partially learned such languages as an adult. During the survey, 43 people indicated that they speak Oroch, which belongs to the Tunguso-Manchu languages. Its last active carrier died in 2008.
Among 155 living languages in the Russian Federation, according to the census results, the most common in terms of possession are Russian (it was indicated by 134.3 million people), English (5.07 million), Tatar (3.26 million), Chechen (1.49 million) and Bashkir (1.09 million). Among the native languages in the first place is Russian - 111.5 million people, after which there are Tatar (4.07 million), Chechen (1.64 million), Bashkir (1.32 million) and Avar (0.91 million). By use in everyday life, the top five included Russian (132.3 million), Tatar (2.92 million), English (1.6 million), Chechen (1.46 million) and Bashkir (0.94 million).[4]
Share of the population who does not speak Russian
Dialects of the Russian language
Incomes of the population
- Billionaires in Russia
- Poverty in Russia
- Real cash incomes of the population of Russia
- Salaries in Russia
- Deposits of individuals in Russia
- Unified database on property and accounts of Russians
Consumer values
Main article: Consumer values
Physical activity of the population
Main article: Physical activity of the population in Russia
Growth
2022: Russian growth increases
For about 100 years, the average growth of a Russian has increased by almost 10 cm, and Russians - by almost 12 cm. This is evidenced by the data of an extensive database of anthropometric signs of the inhabitants of the planet, disclosed at the end of April 2023.
It is reported that the growth of the average man in Russia, born in 1896, in adulthood was approximately 167 cm. In 1996, this value reached 176.6 cm. Thus, during the century, the average growth of representatives of the stronger sex in the Russian Federation rose by 9.6 cm. At the same time, women had a greater difference: their average height increased from 153.6 to 165.3 cm, that is, by 11.7 cm.
According to the collected indicators, Russians are higher than the average inhabitants of the Earth (the study considers about 200 regions on the territory of the planet). In particular, men with a height of 176.6 cm occupy 49th place in the world and 31st position in Europe. Russian women with an average height of 164.5 cm were in 43rd place in the world and 27th in Europe.
From a regional point of view, the highest Russians live in the North-West of the country, in particular, in the Pskov, Leningrad, Murmansk regions, as well as in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories. The average growth of men in the 18-45 age group here exceeds 178 cm, women - 165 cm. This picture is explained by two key factors - the genetic characteristics of the population and lifestyle.
At the same time, the lowest Russians live Republic of Tuve in the Siberian Federal District: the average growth of men in this region is 169.5 cm, women - 159 cm. In addition, low Russians live in Altai and in, Yakutia where the average man is less than 173 cm tall, a woman - less than 161 cm. A total of 2-3 cm higher residents of Udmurtia, Mari El and Chuvashia.
The study also says that globally, the tallest people live in Europe. So, in the Netherlands, Estonia, Denmark and Iceland, the average height of a 19-year-old boy exceeds 180 cm, girls - 168 cm[5]
Obesity
Main article: Obesity
Haircut on the body of men
Digital literacy in Russia
Main article: Digital literacy in Russia
Life expectancy
Main article: Life expectancy in Russia
Diasporas in countries of the world
See also
Notes
- ↑ Rosstat revealed how the number of Russians has changed in 2023
- ↑ The population of Russia for the year decreased by 556 thousand people
- ↑ For the first time in 15 years, the population of the Russian Federation decreased by more than 0.5 million
- ↑ Five extinct languages and one asleep have been identified in Russia
- ↑ How the average growth of Russians changed
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