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2019/07/12 17:02:01

Africa

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Content

Geology

Topographic relief map of Africa, 2020

Volcanoes

Minerals

The bowels of Africa are rich in natural resources. It is estimated that in 2019 the continent has 60% of the world's reserves of manganese ores, chromium - 48%, titanium - 44.5%, bauxite and gold - 42%, uranium - 19%, oil - 12%, natural gas - 8%.

As of March 2023

In addition, 90% of the world's platinum, 52% of diamonds, 42% of cobalt and 36% of vanadium are mined in Africa.

Minerals on the continent are mined mainly with the help of foreign companies due to the lack of necessary technologies from African countries.

Countries

Main article: Countries of the world

North Africa

East Africa

West Africa

Central Africa

South Africa

Translation of country names from local languages into English, 2019
Translation of country and city names from local languages into English, 2017

Population

Main article: Population of Africa

Economy

Countries' GDP

Countries by GDP size in 2022

Inflation

Data for November 2022,

Currency unions

End of 2019

Transport

Through the efforts of the PRC, a direct trans-African railway connection was opened between the Indian and Atlantic oceans.

On July 30, 2019, the first train between Tanzania and Angola set off on a 4300 km journey.

Telecommunications

2024: Internet penetration rate - 43%

All coastal African countries except Eritrea for 2024 have 1-2 connections to transcontinental fiber optic cables laid along the ocean floor. The average internet penetration rate in African countries today is 43%, compared to 29% in 2016.

At the same time, Africa is still lagging behind global values. Thus, the average global Internet penetration rate is estimated at this time at 68%. The gap between the African countries themselves is also striking: if in Eritrea the average penetration rate is only 7%, then Kenya in - 85%. An analysis of 644 million indexed Google African Internet pages suggests that two-thirds of them are accounted for by only 10 of the 54 countries on the continent REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Nigeria Egypt-,,,,,,,,, and Morocco. And Kenya Tunisia Tanzania all Algeria Mauritius 33 São Tomé and Príncipe of the lowest positions in the world ranking of the Network Readiness Index (NRI) are occupied by African countries.

One of the main problems for the countries of the continent is the high cost of connection. In 2024, the average African must spend 4% of his monthly income to get 1 GB of internet traffic per month (a volume that is barely enough to watch 4 minutes of video per day). It is the high cost of connection, as well as the underdeveloped infrastructure and the fact that most of the continent's inhabitants are limited only to mobile access to the network, that are the main factors hindering the development of the domain industry. According to statistics, ICANN out of 1122 domain registrars accredited by the corporation, Africa is represented only by 12-3 from South Africa, 2 from Morocco and Nigeria and one from,,, and Burundi Ghana Mauritius Senegal Tunisia.

The full text of the study (204 pages, language - English) can be found on the ICANN website.

2023: 4.33 million domains registered

As of November 2023, a little more than 4.33 million domain names are registered in the national domains of African countries. Over 1.4 million more domain names are registered by individuals and legal entities of the African continent in various common top-level domains.

2022: 1.1 million km of above ground fiber optic cables

As of mid-2022, over 1.1 million kilometers of ground-based fiber optic cables had been laid in Africa.

IT market

Oil production

Seaports

In Africa as of October 2019, at least 46 sub-Saharan ports, the Chinese have a financial, construction or military interest. Six of them were visited by Chinese warships. Port investment allows Beijing to increase both trade and military-political influence in Africa.Study text

Trade

2023

Share of Russia and Ukraine in wheat supplies to African countries
Data as of July 2023
Russia doubled fertilizer supplies to Africa

In the period from 2018 to 2023, Russia more than doubled the supply of mineral fertilizers to African countries - from 772 thousand tons to 1.7 million tons. This was announced by the Russian Association of Fertilizer Producers (RAPU) in early August 2024. Read more here

China remains Africa's largest trading partner
Exports and imports of African countries at the end of 2023
Russia's trade with African countries grew by 37% to $24.5 billion

The trade turnover of Russia with African countries increased by 37% in 2023 and amounted to $24.5 billion.

This was announced by Pavel Kalmychek, Director of the Department for the Development of Bilateral Cooperation of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, during a meeting of the Expert Council on Development and Support for Comprehensive Partnership with African Countries.

According to Kalmychek, not only exports, but also imports have increased.

Exports grew in traditional commodity groups: they supplied oil, wheat, and various metals. In turn, mainly fruits, nuts, cocoa were imported from African countries.

"We are interested in diversifying our supply. The basket from African countries can also be expanded with other goods, "said Pavel Kalmychek.

2021: US falls several times behind China on trade with Africa

2018

The most valuable goods exported from African countries; 2018
Africa's largest trading partners, 2018

Power

Electrification

Доступ к электричеству в countries Africa (2019)

Investments

2020: China and UAE lead Africa investment

2016 to 2020

2018: Foreign investment growth by 13% to $32 billion

Contrary to the global downward trend in foreign direct investment, Africa has seen a sharp 13% increase in 2018.

According to the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), from 2017 to 2018, global FDI decreased from $1.5 trillion to $1.3 trillion.

Africa, on the contrary, is becoming a strategic investment center.

Sub-Saharan Africa received $32 billion in foreign direct investment - a 13% increase compared to 2017.

Morocco and Egypt received FDI in the amount of $14 billion - an increase of 7%.

Nigeria performed the worst - a 15% decline.

Consumption

2019: Rice consumption

Rice consumption in African countries, kg per person in 2019

2018: Vegetable consumption

Потребление овощей в countries Africa, kg per capita population in 2018

The richest entrepreneurs

Main article: The richest people in the world

2022

There are 361 thousand millionaires in the country
The richest people in Africa
Data for 2022

2021: Reduction in the number of people with a fortune of more than $30 million

Tourism

ECOWAS

Main article: ECOWAS (ECOWAS)

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional organization established in 1975 to strengthen economic cooperation between West African countries.

Economies of Africa

Weapons purchases

2018: Russia is Africa's biggest arms exporter

From 2000 to 2018, the countries of the Black Continent purchase weapons mainly from Russia.

Over the past five years, Algeria holds the status of the main importer of Russian (and not only) weapons: 56% of total African imports fell on this country, while most countries had these purchases insignificant.

The main importers of Russian weapons are also: Angola, Nigeria Sudan Cameroon and Senegal. In addition, the volume of supplies to Egypt over the past five years amounted to 46%.

International politics

Cooperation with Russia

Main article: Cooperation between Russia and Africa

Military bases of other countries

As of September 2019

Crime

Prisons

2022: Minimum age for children to be jailed

Data for 2022

2018: Number of prisoners per 100 thousand citizens

World Prison Brief data for 2018

Terrorism

Active military groups in Africa. January 2020

Energy carriers

Energy consumption per capita

and
Energy consumption per capita, including electricity, transport heating in 2019-2020

Gasoline price

World Gasoline Price Map as of February 12, 2018

Health care

Main article: Health care in Africa

Hunger

Percentage starving of the total population. 2019 Unconditional Leader - DRC

Education

Percentage of people who can read

Data for 2019

Literacy rate

The average literacy rate in countries around the world is about 69%. Data at the end of 2018

MEDIA

2022: The highest-earning YouTube channels in Africa

As of the end of 2022

Culture

Languages

As of 2019, a third of the languages ​ ​ of all mankind are distributed in Africa.

As a rule, all these languages ​ ​ differ in the most complex grammatical structure. And it is a mistake to think that if people have not achieved high technical development, then their language is primitive. On the contrary, the most dizzying grammatical turns are found in the languages ​ ​ of the peoples of Africa, Siberia and Australia.

Ethnolinguistic groups in Africa

Perhaps the main distinguishing feature of many languages ​ ​ of Africa is the presence on average of 10-15, or even 25 nominal classes or genera, and, accordingly, the same number of pronouns, and not as in Russian "he," "she," "it." But behind this classification are very interesting principles. For example, there are no genera in Swahili - nouns are divided into 8 nominal classes, such as: animate, round, abstract, long, very large objects, as well as animal names.

Nouns belonging to the same class have the same prefix. For example, if you see a noun starting with ki, then know that we are talking about a small object, a very small animal or a baby, that is, about what you can raise with your hands.

Religion

At the end of 2018

Cinema

Nollywood

Main article: Nollywood (Nollywood)

Sport

African Games

2022: The most popular sport is football

The most popular sport in the countries of the world as of June 2022

Startups in Africa

Main article: Startups in Africa

History

2023: A new wave of coups to free France from oppression

1960: Wave of liberation from colonialism

Crocodile Magazine No. 25 (1603) of September 10, 1960, dedicated to the Year of Africa

File:Крокодил, 1960 , № 25.pdf

Quote: The map of Africa is redrawn and redrawn before our eyes. But not everyone yet.

There are still splinters. France clung to Algeria and Somalia. Spain cannot fall off the Sahara and Rio Muni in any way. The Portuguese bitten Guinea, Angola and Mozambique with a stranglehold. Belgian youths seized on Katanga, and at the same time do not release Rwanda-Urundi.

There is nothing to say about England. From Gambia to Bechuanaland and Kenya to Sierra Leone, the ominous word "business" still whistles over the savannas and jungle.

In general, it's too early to indulge in careless glee...

1940: British East African Colonies

Main article: British Colonies of East Africa

1914: Political map of Africa before World War I

Map of Africa in 1914

1880: Political Map of Africa

Map of Africa in 1880

1819: Political map of Africa

Political map of Africa in 1819

Transatlantic slave trade

The transatlantic slave trade is considered one of the gross violations of human rights in history. It is the largest act of deportation of the population, with more than 17 million people displaced within 400 years.

From where African slaves were taken out

Before Alexander the Great

Reconstruction of the map of Africa before the arrival of colonizers from the Middle East and from Europe (before 350 BC)

Calendar

Какой день считается первым в неделе в countries of the world, 2022

Flora

Forest cover

Map of tree heights in the forest cover of Africa, 2018

The Great Green Wall

Plants

Fauna

Lions

Lions in Africa and Asia. Earlier in the historical period (red) and in 2018 (blue)

Cheetahs

At the beginning of 2020, only 7,100 cheetahs remained in the wild, and almost all of them live in Africa.

As of January 2020, India wants to buy African cheetahs from Namibia.

The country's Supreme Court allowed animals from Africa to be brought into suitable habitat, as the Asian cheetah became extinct in India back in the 1950s.

Zebras

Once upon a time, these beautiful animals lived all over Africa. In the northern part of the continent, they were exterminated in ancient times (like lions, for example). For 2019, zebras are not endangered, but their range is rapidly declining. So, already during the 21st century, zebras did not become in Angola, Lesotho and Burundi (flags in the picture).

In 2018, most of the 660 thousand striped lived in South Africa, Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya. The range of zebras is relatively stable in 12 countries, and in 4 they are at risk of extinction (DR Congo, Rwanda, Mozambique, Swaziland).

Whalers

The kitoglav is a large bird from the order of stork, which lives in 2019 in the tropical swamps of East Africa, including in South Sudan.

The height of the adult is about 1.2 m, the wingspan reaches 2.3 m. Despite its impressive growth, the kitoglav weighs mainly up to 7 kg.

Pangolins

African civet

African civet is a mammal from the family of viverra order of predators. In captivity, African civets are kept only in cages, fed meat and especially birds. If the civet is caught young, it soon becomes tame.