Import substitution of information systems in the Federal Treasury
The article describes the approaches of the Federal Treasury to import substitution of foreign software in its information systems.
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Main article: Information technologies in the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation
2022
In the matter of import substitution, GIS are decomposed into components, and a number of these components still remain in the spotlight. About this at TAdviser SummIT in November 2022, the Alexander Albychev deputy head of the Treasury told. Russia But in general, the department is quite dynamically going on the process of import substitution from the point of view, ON including the basic one. software The Treasury is already approaching the completion of this project, and in 2023-2024. expects to reach 100 percent.
2019
In April 2019, the Federal Treasury, at the request of TAdviser, spoke about the approach to import substitution of software in numerous information systems.
The policy import substitution software was adopted Russian state more than three years ago - with the creation Domestic Software Registry and further adoption of import substitution plans in. state bodies
The results of work on the implementation of these large-scale plans were almost invisible in the first two years. There is a perception that IT companies do not risk investing in developments based on Russian solutions and solutions based on the use of freely distributed, and ON the authorities do not have enough perseverance in consistently achieving their goals. As a result, it is fundamentally impossible to abandon the products of the world's largest players, who actually divided the Russian market for decades. However, in 2018, it became clear that Russian software developers had already done a lot. Information about the transfer of this or that Russian software to import-substituted software stacks became regular, Russian companies began to take on the support of solutions with, the open source demand for IT specialists with specialized competencies in this area increased.
The Federal Treasury is traditionally the leader in the number of information systems operated by several subsystems of GIIS "Electronic Budget of GIIS," GIS "State and Municipal Payments," state automated system "Management," "Unified Information System in the Field of Procurement," "Remote Financial Document Management System." The maintenance and development of information systems of the Federal Treasury is complicated by a wide range of technologies used, since IPs were developed at different times and independently of each other, with a significant discrepancy in the understanding of changing functional requirements by different task managers and different performers.
Most of the information systems of the Federal Treasury are built on the technologies of foreign vendors, and the volume of work on import substitution in these IS is large. On the one hand, this imposes high obligations on the Treasury, on the other hand, it gives much more opportunities to accumulate competencies regarding other departments: to rely on the best practices for unifying technologies and approaches to design, to compare at a detailed level the advantages and disadvantages of various architectural proposals proposed for many systems, and on this basis to develop balanced, effective, reliable and economical solutions.
The Federal Treasury has defined the principles of forming a stack of technologies for import substitution of software of all information systems, together with external experts, an optimal stack has been formed for the near future and large-scale upgrades of information systems have begun.
By the end of 2019, it is planned to completely transfer GIS GMP and state automated system "Management" to import-substituted unified technologies.
Modernization of the remaining information systems of the Federal Treasury is planned to be carried out in stages. This policy is aimed at achieving several important goals. Firstly, the modernization of the technologies used, including work on replacing foreign software products with products from Russian manufacturers, is carried out not as an end in itself, but in the context of the continuous development of the functionality of information systems. Secondly, the experience gained during work carried out on several information systems for a fairly long time is of high value, and will be scaled up in further work on other information systems. This will reduce the risks of longer projects and the risks of possible additional costs, as well as the costs of developing and maintaining systems.
Replacing the technologies used requires a mandatory modernization of the architecture of information systems. For example, where one of the most powerful DBMS well-known brands copes with the tasks under high load, as a rule, it is necessary to use several horizontally scaled and externally controlled, servers PostgreSQL storage binary data in separate specialized storages and additional controlled caching of the processed data.
Import substitution processes for information systems that interact with others and can use protocols of proprietary foreign products should be strictly coordinated with processes in related systems. In particular, in the GIS "Electronic Budget," such IEs include the integration support subsystem and the information security support subsystem. Planning coordinated work on different subsystems, under different contracts, sometimes performed by different contractors, requires a strategic approach and a high degree of management organization. Integration and security subsystems are common points of failure for all functional subsystems and require increased attention both when choosing solutions, which should be carefully weighted, and when testing the selected solution.
Due to the large number of supported information systems and the corresponding scale of work on optimizing their related architecture during import substitution, organizational changes were carried out in the Federal Treasury - groups of system architecture, system analytics, infrastructure architecture were identified. The following processes have become systematic:
- Architectural control at all stages of creation and modernization of information systems;
- Updating and monitoring the basic technology stack and monitoring the further development of information systems within the framework of the specified unification;
- Limiting the customization of basic software in new improvements to information systems to ensure the possibility of guaranteed update and facilitate further support;
- The conversion of information systems to modern technologies and the associated reduction of dependence on the competence of contractors in supporting outdated or underutilized technologies;
- Transfer of information systems from support by contractors to their own support by forces, PKU "Center for ensuring the activities of the Treasury of Russia" which is already accompanied by almost everything; infrastructure DPC
- Analysis of the relevance of business requirements embedded in the implementation of the information system during its creation, and optimization of the architecture for a modern set of requirements, free from accumulated contradictions;
- Analysis of the relevance of requirements for performance and availability of information systems, as well as optimization of the architecture for modern requirements;
- Unification of mechanisms for integrating software products for modern requirements for interaction with a unified data exchange system, approaches to architecture design;
- Development of own competencies in the development and support of software products.
Developments in the approach to architecture as a whole and to the unified software stack, which is preferable for use in import substitution, are reflected in the document "Requirements for system architecture and technologies used in the creation and development of information systems of the Federal Treasury," published on the website of the Federal Treasury.
Separately, it is worth mentioning the transition to import-substituted technologies of services for end users. In addition to the obvious well-known problems with retraining users and support services to work with new interfaces, as well as with large labor costs on the part of system administrators, there are critical issues of compatibility OS with hardware and basic software. For example, the transition from the most common foreign OS to the OS of Russian vendors in the Federal Treasury, due to the large number of jobs, should be as automated as possible in order to reduce the time and resources required to replace the OS, system, base and application software. For each replaced product, the workstation analyzes its relevance, the possibility of using as is or the availability of a version for the domestic OS, the presence of analogues of the product in the absence of such an opportunity. In addition, the methods of using this software on time schemes with planning of the developer's work on import substitution of the client part of this product are analyzed. Due to the impossibility of a simultaneous transition to domestic operating systems when migrating a user from the current domain to a domain built on domestic technologies, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of sequential switching of users from one domain to another. If the products do not have analogues working under, terminal Linux access to these products under the OS required by them is organized as a temporary solution.
A special direction in import substitution of workplaces is to ensure safety requirements in a confidential circuit. These requirements have been updated, then it is necessary to find ways to implement them, as well as optimize the existing ecosystem to build a landscape of security systems based on domestic products.
A separate problem in the process of import substitution of information systems in the Federal Treasury is the active use of business instruments, analogues of which are explicitly absent in the Register of Domestic Software. This, for example, is the business component of the stack of a large foreign brand, which performs the tasks of end-to-end controls and the formation of accounting records for all movements of public funds. Plans to replace such software cannot be formed for March 2019, it takes time to analyze both those present in the Product Register for at least partial implementation of the necessary functionality and information received from Russian vendors about their ongoing promising developments.
Cooperation between the Federal Treasury and IT developers is mutually beneficial. The Treasury has formed its own competence, which gives architects of IT companies an additional opportunity to get acquainted with the experience of colleagues and the latest global approaches. The rapid development of software products on which import substitution is based constantly changes the current ideas about preferred solutions. Modern technologies used are tested by practice on a large number of high-load systems of the Federal Treasury, which increases the interest of potential users in these technological solutions and provides an additional incentive for their further development.
The Federal Treasury, like other state bodies of the Russian Federation, is one of the pioneers in global software import substitution plans. The accumulation of positive experience will inevitably lead to the fact that projects for the transition to Russian software will become typical, with low risks and costs. Participating in such projects, developers receive state support, as well as the opportunity to create modern technologies, improve the quality of their products, the level of specialists and create additional jobs. Together with the possibility of abandoning high costs of using proprietary software of foreign leaders, the use of import-substituted technologies has a high development potential in close connection with the development of Russian developers and integrators.
See also
- Information technologies in the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation
- Review: Import substitution of information technology in Russia
- Import substitution of information technologies in Russia
- Import substitution of software in the public sector
- Plan for the transition of government agencies to Russian software
- Article on the regulation of public procurement of domestic software
Treasury IT Projects
{{# ITProj: Federal Treasury of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation}}
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