National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Russia

2024

Putin signed a decree on updating the AI development strategy until 2030

Putin signed a decree updating the AI development strategy until 2030. According to the document, about 40 pages of changes and additions are made to the strategy. On February 19, 2024, TAdviser was informed about this by the press service of the State Duma deputy RFAnton Nemkin.

The updated strategy says that "a change in the economic situation, unilateral restrictive measures of unfriendly foreign states and other changes in market conditions that occurred in 2022-2023, identified new challenges for the Russian Federation."

One of the challenges is the "restriction of access to artificial intelligence technologies in connection with unfair competition from unfriendly foreign states."

The updated AI development strategy contains refined principles for the development and use of technology, the observance of which is mandatory. These include the transparency and explainability of AI, as well as non-discriminatory user access to information about algorithms.

The document also says that the annual volume of services provided for the development and implementation of solutions in the field of AI by 2030 should grow to 60 billion rubles. For comparison: the same indicator in 2022 was 12 billion rubles.

In addition, it is planned to increase the number of university graduates in specialties related to artificial intelligence, from 3 thousand to 15.5 thousand people annually.

"The level of confidence of citizens in artificial intelligence technologies in 2030 should grow to at least 80% compared to 55% in 2022," the decree says.

In addition, they intend to increase the share of priority sectors of the economy with high readiness for the introduction of AI from 12% to 95%.

In 2023, the volume of the domestic AI market reached 600 billion rubles, recalled Anton Nemkin, a member of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, Information Technology and Communications.

"This is a positive indicator, despite all the challenges faced by the industry in 2022. First of all, this is a shortage of highly qualified specialists. Let me remind you that, according to the Ministry of Digital Development, the shortage of IT specialists as a whole is estimated at 500-700 thousand people. In addition, this includes existing legislative barriers that impede the development of technology. For example, we need to speed up work on a bill on access to impersonal data, as the President said earlier, "the deputy said.

The updated strategy covers all key challenges, while taking into account both market trends and the needs of the country's citizens, Nemkin emphasized.

"First of all, this concerns the principle of transparency and explainability of the work of AI. So, the user should know not only that the content produced by artificial intelligence is in front of him, but also how exactly he works. In fact, this is an early formation of the foundation not only for the development of technology, but also for leveling all the risks associated with it. The approach is correct in that the strategy is updated depending on the events taking place in the market. The IT industry is developing dynamically, and what is relevant today, tomorrow, will cease to be so. Flexibility in this matter is more important than ever, "the deputy said.

The AI toolkit is universal and can be used in almost all sectors of the country's economy, the deputy emphasized. According to him, this also applies to the social sphere: for example, to medicine or education.

Putin included "Artificial Intelligence" in the national project on data economics

Russia Vladimir Putin The President signed a decree by which he included the federal project "" in the national Artificial intelligence project. " Data economics The corresponding document was published on February 15, 2024.

"To amend the decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated October 10, 2019 No. 490... the following changes... Paragraph 2 shall be supplemented with subparagraph "a1" with the following content... Until July 1, 2024, ensure the inclusion of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" in the national project on the formation of the data economy until 2030, "the presidential decree said.

Vladimir Putin signed a decree by which he included the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" in the national project "Data Economics"

With this document, Putin also introduced about 40 pages of various changes and additions to the AI development strategy.

The federal project for the development of artificial intelligence was approved in 2020, its active implementation began in 2021. Prior to that, it was part of the national program "Digital Economy" and was calculated until 2024.

The federal project "Artificial Intelligence" provides for a package of measures aimed at supporting AI development companies, testing such solutions at Russian enterprises, increasing staffing, developing a science and education system, and forming an infrastructure for the favorable development of domestic artificial intelligence. According to the document, the main areas of implementation of the strategy are:

• increasing the level of provision of the Russian AI technology market with qualified personnel and the level of awareness of the population about possible areas of AI use;
• support for research and development;
• development and development, software including through support for startups and pilot implementations of AI technologies;
• increasing the availability of equipment for working with AI;
• creation of an integrated system of legal regulation in the field of AI;
• high availability and quality of data for AI tasks.

Decree of the President of the Russian Federation On Amending the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 10, 2019 No. 490 "On the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation" and in the National Strategy approved by this decree

Putin gave instructions for the development of generative AI

President RFVladimir Putin gave the government several instructions regarding the development of artificial intelligence in the country, including generative intelligence. The list of instructions was published on the Kremlin website on January 17, 2024.

[Кабмину it is necessary], in order to create breakthrough solutions in the field of artificial intelligence, to submit proposals for additional funding from the federal budget for research and development in the field of generative artificial intelligence, including large generative models, subject to increased co-financing from leading Russian organizations and ensuring that they test the technologies obtained as a result of such research and development, - said in one of the instructions with a deadline of April 30, 2024.]

In addition, until July 1, 2024, the government, when forming the Artificial Intelligence fedproject within the framework of the development of the national Data Economics project, should provide for measures to support the development and introduction of large generative models and technological solutions in the field of artificial intelligence, as well as the creation of infrastructure for their widespread use.

Putin's other assignments include:

• analyze the needs of employers in employees with new skills and competencies, and based on the results of this analysis, amend professional standards and state educational standards;
• develop and implement a set of measures aimed at increasing the computing power of supercomputers located in Russia, and determine specific parameters for increasing these capacities;
• ensure the development of large generative models for their use in key sectors of the economy;
• develop and submit proposals on the interaction of Russian software developers (software) in the field of AI and developers of such software from "friendly" countries;
• include issues related to the formation of ethical standards in the field of AI, balanced regulation and scientific and technical cooperation in this area on the agenda of the BRICS meetings in 2024.^[1]

Six more universities will receive financial support for the development of AI research centers

The Russian government has selected 6 universities, on the basis of which research centers in the field of artificial intelligence will be opened. The Government will receive support from the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Samara University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, Novosibirsk State University, NRNU MEPhI, N.N. I. Lobachevsky, St. Petersburg State University. Financing is provided for by the national project "Digital Economy of Russia." This was announced on January 9, 2024 by the press service of the State Duma deputy RFAnton Nemkin. Read more here.

2023

The Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation will determine industrial data for AI training

On December 28, 2023, it became known what Federation Council he recommended, and To the Ministry of Industry and Trade Ministry of Digital Development Alliance in the field of artificial intelligence to work out a number of initiatives aimed at the development and implementation AI in the industrial sector in. We are talking Russia, in particular, about the rules for using data to train AI models and determine the rights to final solutions.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, ministries and an alliance that includes Sber, Gazprom Neft, Yandex, MTS and VK should prepare amendments to the fourth part of the Civil Code aimed at "regulating the turnover of intellectual activity results created using AI, including in industry." Among other things, it is necessary to determine the criteria for classifying data as industrial. This is necessary so that subsequently such sets of information can be used for training neural networks. Industrial data can include, for example, indicators of technological processes, results of remote sensing of the Earth, information on minerals, data in the field of metallurgy, petrochemistry, etc.

It is expected that the upcoming changes will contribute to the creation of AI technologies that process information and provide the result - text, calculations or analytical information. Mikhail Fokanov, a leading expert at the Zyfra Group of Companies on AI tasks, notes that AI-based technologies are tools that make it easier to create products. And therefore, "it is advisable to establish ownership of a product created by a neural network and assign this right to those who used it to create a product, and, for example, not to those who created the tool itself."

Market participants also point to the need to comply with trade secrets. Thus, data on minerals can be commercial developments that the business does not want to transfer for training AI models.^[2]

Putin instructed to launch training in artificial intelligence for authorities

On November 24, 2023, the president Russia Vladimir Putin instructed to launch training artificial intelligence (AI) for authorities and large companies. According to the head, the states introduction of AI opens a new chapter of the existence of mankind and government agencies should be ready for it.

I ask the government, together with the Alliance (in the field of AI), to form a special educational program on the theory, practice of development and use of artificial intelligence with a special emphasis on large language and generative models. The leaders of the largest companies, federal and regional authorities, universities and the system of secondary vocational education should become listeners of such a program, it is necessary to introduce these tools in the widest possible way, and training should begin in the first quarter of 2024, Putin said at a plenary meeting of a conference on artificial intelligence technologies (quoted by RIA Novosti).

[[Image:840px|thumb|Vladimir Putin

Also in his speech, Putin said that the state will allocate additional funds for the development of AI. The task of the authorities is to create the most comfortable jurisdiction in the world for the development of artificial intelligence. On behalf of the president, the government has prepared a bill on experimental legal regimes in the field of digital innovation. According to the president, the innovation should reduce bureaucratic requirements in the field of new technologies. The bill should go to the State Duma in the near future. Putin asked parliament to promptly approve the document for the law to enter into force in 2024.

Putin noted that Russia should become one of the most comfortable jurisdictions for the development of AI. In recent years, the head of state noted on November 24, 2023, domestic sectors of the economy and social sphere have expanded the use of solutions in the field of AI by 1.5 times.^[3]

Ministry of Education and Science: The task of graduating from universities is 15.5 thousand specialists in artificial intelligence

On November 23, 2023, the deputy head of the Ministry of Education and Science Andrei Omelchuk said that the department had an "ambitious task" to ensure the annual graduation of more than 15.5 thousand artificial intelligence specialists from universities by 2030. To fulfill this task, the ministry, together with other departments, began the development of relevant educational programs. Read more here.

The Ministry of Digital Development will create an AI platform based on GosTech

The Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation should create an AI platform accessible to the authorities based on GosTech. Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin gave the corresponding order to the department following the results of the strategic session on the development of artificial intelligence held on September 26, 2023. The Cabinet of Ministers published a list of instructions on November 22, 2023.

The AI platform of the Ministry of Digital Development must be created by April 1, 2024. In addition, the ministry was instructed to work out the creation of domestic data processing services using artificial intelligence technologies to enrich and mark up the data set by December 20, 2024. It is noted that these instructions were given by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation in order to "increase the level of introduction of artificial intelligence in the sectors of the economy."

According to Mikhail Mishustin, a new federal project will be formed within the framework of the national project "Data Economics" when updating the strategy for the development of artificial intelligence (AI). The Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Digital Development and the Ministry of Economic Development by April 15, 2024 will determine the list of relevant indicators. Other departments were also given instructions regarding the development of artificial intelligence:

• The Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Finance need to provide funding from 2025 for the introduction of solutions with AI in the formation of a new fedproject "Digital Health Services";
• The Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Digital Development and the Ministry of Finance were instructed until February 15, 2024 to work out the issues of preferential joining of new specialized data centers to the power grids and providing them with preferential electricity tariffs;
• The Ministry of Education and Science, the Ministry of Economics, the Ministry of Digital Science and the Russian Ministry of Digital Development, together with specialized research centers, were instructed to form approaches to determine priority areas of scientific research and mechanisms for their support by March 1, 2024.^[4]

The Ministry of Economic Development has released a report on the national strategy for the development of AI. Main thing

On October 26, 2023, Deputy Minister of Economic Development RFMaksim Kolesnikov made a report on the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence. According to him, the document will be approved by the end of 2023.

According to Kolesnikov, within the framework of the strategy, three main challenges have been identified: the development of computing power, scientific schools and the pace of introduction of AI in the sectors of the economy. In accordance with the strategy, the total computing power of Russia should reach 6.2 exaflops by 2030.

The accumulated business costs for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence should amount to about 3.6 trillion rubles, - said the deputy head of the Ministry of Economic Development.

As specified in the department, the strategy defines the tasks of the development of artificial intelligence in Russia, which include:

• Support for scientific research in order to ensure the advanced development of artificial intelligence;
• Development and development of software that uses artificial intelligence technologies;
• Improving the availability and quality of data required for the development of artificial intelligence technologies;
• Increasing the availability of hardware necessary to solve problems in the field of artificial intelligence;
• Increasing the level of provision of the Russian market for artificial intelligence technologies with qualified personnel and the level of awareness of the population about possible areas of use of such technologies;
• Creation of a comprehensive system for regulating public relations arising in connection with the development and use of artificial intelligence technologies.

On behalf of the president, the national strategy provides for a system of obligations. In particular, the introduction of AI technologies will become a condition for obtaining federal state support. And state-owned companies will have to provide for the use of AI in their digital transformation strategies.^[5]

Ministry of Education and Science and Ministry of Digital Development launch a scientific and technical program in fundamental mathematics and AI

The Ministry of Education and Science and Ministry of Digital Development are launching a scientific and technical program on fundamental mathematics and artificial intelligence. In mid-October 2023, the Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation Valery Falkov spoke about this project, designed to improve the interconnection of developments in the fields of mathematics and neural networks.

According to him, the first priority in the field of fundamental mathematics is the theoretical problems of machine learning and distributed learning of large models. In addition, in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to develop competencies in terms of applied research on the construction of large language models, the study of heterogeneous computing platforms, photon and neuromorphic processors and others, Falkov added.

According to TASS, citing a presentation conducted by the head of the Ministry of Education and Science at one of the technological forums, in the period from 2017 to 2023. 12 regional mathematical centers were created in the Russian Federation, they spent about 1.4 billion rubles of budget funds. In addition, as Falkov noted, three NTI competence centers for artificial intelligence, four world-class mathematical scientific centers and six AI research centers were created. The total amount of budget funds allocated for these purposes amounted to 9.9 billion rubles.

Valery Falkov drew attention to the fact that every year the race for leadership in the development and use of AI is intensifying in the world. Our country has good positions, but there are also scarce areas.

IT is a unique area. In recent years, the situation with scientific publications has become more and more difficult for us. This does not suggest that we do not have them. But the rules of the game are harsh and not set by us. Having talent, results and reflecting them and recognizing them are two different things. We believe that in the development of science and artificial intelligence we have a competitive advantage associated with the presence of a historically strong mathematical school, - said the Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in mid-October 2023.[6]

The Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation will create the state platform of development of AI

In mid-October 2023, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation recommended that the Ministry of Digital Development create a state platform for the development of artificial intelligence. The project is proposed to be implemented at the expense of budgetary funds as part of the update of the National AI Development Strategy until 2030.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, it is about providing domestic developers with access to computing resources and specialized data sets on the basis of which AI models can be trained. The initiative will help in the development of the relevant industry in Russia, and will also help accelerate the introduction of neural networks and machine learning tools in various fields.

Russian developers who do not have sufficient resources should have access to state data to create artificial intelligence technologies, "said Artem Sheikin, Deputy Chairman of the Council for the Development of the Digital Economy under the Federation Council.

The formation state of an AI development platform is relevant in light of the current geopolitical situation, due to which many foreign companies stopped supplying computing equipment to the Russian Federation and blocked the ability for Russian customers to use the cloud infrastructure. At the same time, market participants say, to create a state platform for the development of AI, significant resources will be required: equipment (s) servers , storage systems environments, virtualizations specialized ON and tools, means of safe access, etc. According to the estimates of the director of business development "" (Develonica included in the Group of Companies), Softline Romana Smirnova the cost of creating a platform even without taking into account equipment costs can range from 5 to 20 billion. In this case, rubles it is with the supply of hardware components that the main problems may arise. Intelligence^[7]

In Russia, another 1.2 billion rubles are allocated to support the AI industry

The Prime Minister Mishustin signed an order to allocate an additional 1.2 billion rubles to support developments related to. artificial intelligence Of these, over 800 million rubles are provided for grants to small enterprises - developers of products and services based on artificial intelligence. They will be able to use the funds to implement their decisions, the press service of the Cabinet of Ministers said on October 9, 2023.

Another 250 million rubles will go to the formation and updating of data sets in demand in commercial circulation, as well as the infrastructure for access to them. Funding is also provided for the start of the second wave of research centers in the field of artificial intelligence. For these purposes, the order provides for a little more than 100 million rubles.

Mikhail Mishustin announced the decision to allocate funds at a meeting with deputy prime ministers on October 9, 2023. At it, the head of government noted that the development of the artificial intelligence industry creates additional opportunities for launching new promising domestic solutions, which is especially important for achieving technological independence. According to Mishustin, the indicator of the introduction of AI in the sectors of the Russian economy is about 20%, the financial sector remains the leader, where 95% of companies already use such technologies.

Earlier Russia Vladimir Putin , by December 25, 2023, the president instructed the government, together with state corporations and state organizations, to adjust their digital transformation strategies for the accelerated introduction of AI technologies into the work of these companies. The head states instructed to pay special attention to "the need for them to conduct research on optimizing algorithms machine learning and computing processes, including those related to the development of large language models and technologies of generative artificial intelligence."

Government of the Russian Federation Order of October 5, 2023 No. 2715-r

Grants, benefits, attraction of foreign scientists. At the session, the update of the AI development strategy was discussed with Mishustin

On September 26, 2023, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin at the Coordination Center held a strategic session on the development of artificial intelligence (AI)^[8] He recalled that earlier the president instructed to update the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence until 2030.

We need to make changes that provide, among other things, the implementation of a set of measures aimed at the widespread introduction of such technologies in the sectors of the economy and social sphere and in the system of public administration, - said Mishustin.

The growth of computing power, the launch of venture capital financing at the middle stage of project implementation, the removal of regulatory barriers as far as possible and the strengthening of international cooperation should all further ensure the implementation of the strategy.

Now it is important to determine the basic scenarios for supporting AI in Russia, which are the basis of the updated strategy, and, in general, consider the entire possible range of measures necessary to achieve the tasks set by the president in this area, Mishustin noted.

In total, 5.2 billion rubles are provided for the development of AI from federal funds for next year, Mikhail Mishustin reported.

The next very important area is the development of scientific institutions engaged in such technologies. Today there are more than 60 of them in the country. In the year before last, six leading centers were selected, more than 5 billion rubles were allocated for their research. Also in 2023, at least six more organizations are to be identified that will receive grants from the state. They will be able to implement demanded projects for priority sectors of the economy.

At the same time, it is necessary to form conditions not only for the generation of promising solutions, but also for their testing and further launch on the market, the Prime Minister emphasized.

In Russia, regulatory and ethical regulation of the artificial intelligence market is one of the most progressive in the world. We have launched eight experimental legal regimes. Two - in the field of medicine. And six more - in the field of highly automated vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles. This allows you to test new technologies in practice, see how applicable they are, and, based on the results, form an effective legislative framework, "Mishustin said.

According to Mishustin, now the indicator of the introduction of AI in the sectors of the economy reaches about 20%. The leaders are the financial sector, where 95% of enterprises use such technologies.

During the strategic session, relevant departments also proposed a number of measures for the development of AI technologies. For example, the Minister of Economic Development Maxim Reshetnikov identified three key tasks: increasing computing power, providing the industry with personnel, increasing the pace of AI implementation in industries^[9].

To provide the industry with computing power and infrastructure, we propose to launch a preferential loan at the investment stage for the purchase of components for supercomputers. When moving to the operational phase, it is possible to reduce the financial burden on the business by accelerating depreciation on equipment, - said Maxim Reshetnikov.

The Minister noted that when gaining access to computing power, specialists will be able to create at least 3 general and 10 sectoral large fundamental models.

And for the staffing of the industry, Reshetnikov proposed to focus on supporting research centers. Increase the efficiency of budgetary expenditures on science. To encourage graduate students with scholarships, to attract the best world scientists from abroad.

To balance supply and demand, we propose to subsidize the costs of introducing AI to the business. And also allocate grants to refine standard solutions of vendors for the request of specific industries. It is necessary to expand the use of artificial intelligence in the public administration system, the minister added.

To support the venture market, the Ministry of Economic Development proposes to use system-wide measures to support the stratification "Take-off - from a startup to an IPO," which is being implemented under the leadership of First Deputy Prime Minister Andrei Belousov, and supplement them. In particular, allow individuals to participate in investment partnerships, reduce the tax burden of the bottom of investors, take into account unsuccessful investments when calculating taxes, and make the assessment of the financial result portfolio.

The adjustment of the regulatory framework is also being discussed. Some development issues are proposed to be resolved within the framework of the AI Code of Ethics. About 270 organizations have joined the AI Code of Ethics. Of these, about two dozen are foreign. The document establishes that the main priority of the development of such technologies is the protection of the interests and rights of people and each individual person.

The Ministry of Economic Development proposes to solve part of the issues on the development of AI under state control. The minister outlined the extremely important task of sharing responsibility for the use of AI technology between the user and the developer.

All created digital solutions Maxim Reshetnikov proposed to promote friendly states to the markets. According to him, bilateral negotiations are already underway with the friendly states of the EAEU, SCO, BRICS on the promotion of technologies.

The meeting was also attended by Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Maksut Shadayev, Minister of Science and Higher Education Valery Falkov, President, Chairman of the Board of Sberbank German Gref, Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade Vasily Shpak, representatives of relevant executive bodies, industry and educational institutions.

Putin outlined measures to support domestic artificial intelligence developers

On July 19, 2023, Russian President Vladimir Putin, at a meeting with members of the Russian government, outlined measures to support domestic developments in the field of artificial intelligence:

• It is important to provide state support for research centers in the field of artificial intelligence until 2030. The federal budget for 2024-2026 should include funds to finance such centers.
• It is necessary to expand the coverage of companies with government participation that use or plan to use artificial intelligence mechanisms in their work.
• A key element of artificial intelligence is the processing of large amounts of data. Information that concerns our citizens must be impersonal and reliably protected. Taking into account these requirements, it is necessary to organize access to data from market participants.
• Experimental legal regimes in the field of digital innovation have been launched in Russia. It is necessary to further simplify access to such regimes at the legislative level, as well as introduce liability insurance for possible damage caused when using artificial intelligence.
• It is necessary to include requirements for the mandatory use of artificial intelligence for companies that plan to receive subsidies from the federal budget.
• The most important issue is the training of specialists who work with digital technologies. An updated educational module of the artificial intelligence system has already been sent to all universities in the country. It is necessary to declare it mandatory.

Oleg Matveychev, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, Information Technology and Communications, noted the importance of the instructions of the Russian President to support AI developers. According to him, the introduction of AI is becoming the most important factor in the development of the Russian Federation.^[10]

The Ministry of Economic Development allowed the use of AI to assess the investment attractiveness of the regions

On July 19, 2023, it became known that the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation intends to use artificial intelligence to assess the investment attractiveness of Russian regions.

According to the Vedomosti newspaper, we are talking about the use of neural networks "in addition to the current data analysis mechanisms." This combined approach is expected to take into account more different indicators and exclude the subjectivity of the authors. In particular, if the compiler of the rating uses the method of expert assessments, there is a risk that subjective judgments will be taken into account. In addition, there is a possibility that rating agencies will manipulate the data in the interests of any entities.

It is assumed that the new method based on neural network technology will solve these problems. In addition, effective analysis of a large number of different indicators will improve the accuracy of estimates. As part of this initiative, it is proposed to train AI in two stages. At the first, it is necessary to collect information, weeding out deliberately false, unreliable or having significant deviations, and form a database. The second phase provides for the actual training of the neural network, taking into account the requirements for data processing.

In fact, to train AI, you need to digitize the experience of the authors of investment attractiveness assessments. However, the difficulty lies precisely in the lack of such information. If the database contains a small number of examples or the examples do not have sufficient quality, the neural network will not be able to generate estimates of the required accuracy. On the other hand, over time, AI will be able to improve itself by improving the results generated. In any case, experts say, for a reliable assessment, it is important to process a massive amount of data that reflects a system of internal and external factors, trends and risks affecting investment processes.^[11]

Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Economic Development to create an operational headquarters for artificial intelligence

On July 7, 2023, it became known that Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Economic Development to organize an operational headquarters for artificial intelligence (AI). Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation entrusted the functions of the head of staff to Deputy Minister of Economic Development Maxim Kolesnikov.

According to TASS, citing the press service of Dmitry Chernyshenko's apparatus, the Deputy Prime Minister also instructed the Ministry of Digital Development to include in the rating of the effectiveness of those responsible for digital transformation in the regions criteria related to the introduction of artificial intelligence.

I will keep movement control in the ranking under special control. I ask the leaders of the regions responsible for digital transformation to complete the development of strategies for the introduction of artificial intelligence by September 1 [2023], "Chernyshenko said.

In turn, Deputy Minister of Economic Development Kolesnikov, quoted by the deputy chairman of the government, recalled that on behalf of Dmitry Chernyshenko, the Ministry of Economic Development, together with the National Center for the Development of Artificial Intelligence, had previously assessed the completeness and quality of prepared strategies for digital transformation of regions in order to take into account the priorities of the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence.

The assessment showed that the regions do not pay enough attention to the formation of conditions for the effective introduction of artificial intelligence. We are ready to assist in finalizing strategies for fulfilling the president's instructions, "said Maxim Kolesnikov.

The press service of the Ministry of Economic Development added TASS that, as necessary, all interested departments will be involved in the work of the AI headquarters.^[12]

Ministry of Digital Development creates a data depersonalization center for AI training

At the end of June 2023 Ministry of Digital Development Russia , it announced the formation of a specialized center for the depersonalization of personal data of citizens within its information system. It is planned that such information will then be used to train models. artificial intelligence More. here

Ministry of Industry and Trade creates ANO to support AI projects

On June 26, 2023, it became known about the decision of the Ministry of Industry and Trade to finance projects in the field of introducing artificial intelligence technologies in the industrial sector. To do this, a special autonomous non-profit organization (ANO) is being created. Read more here.

The Ministry of Economic Development will oblige companies to use AI to obtain benefits

The use of artificial intelligence in Russia will become one of the conditions for access to state support in agriculture, industry, transport and tourism. The interest of the country's authorities in the technology is that its use on the market will increase labor productivity in the Russian Federation, thereby helping to solve the problem of personnel shortages. This became known in mid-June 2023.

The head of the Ministry of Economy Maxim Reshetnikov said that the Russian government intends to oblige companies to use AI when receiving industry support measures. This was done in accordance with the instructions of Russian President Vladimir Putin in order to link the provision of subsidies from the country's federal budget with the obligation of their recipients to use modern technologies. Reshetnikov added that in terms of industries, as of June 2023, business is already introducing AI, but there are also areas where this is necessary, but not yet happening.

The head of the Ministry of Digital Science Maksut Shadayev said that AI will be introduced into public administration, and the greatest potential for AI technology lies in the fields of health care and education in Russia. From 2023, companies in Russia can reduce income tax payments when purchasing AI solutions. These expenses are taken into account when determining the tax base with an increased coefficient (1.5 of actual costs). However, according to Shadayev, the benefit for June 2023 did not become popular in the Russian Federation due to the fact that almost no one took advantage of it.

According to Kommersant, as of June 19, 2023, the main obstacle to the introduction of AI is the amendments to the law "On Personal Data," regulating the circulation of impersonal information necessary for this process, which are necessary for machine learning.

According to the estimates of the National Center for the Development of AI under the Government of Russia for 2022, the leaders in the introduction of AI technologies are the financial sector, information and communication technologies and telecom. About 53% of organizations from these industries already use AI technologies in their activities. A number of industries are conservative in terms of digitalization, for example, the construction industry and housing and communal services. In these areas, the indicators of the introduction of AI solutions are still low, but the potential for technological development there is quite serious.^[13]

Legal regulation of AI in Russia: what issues the state solves first of all, so as not to be on the sidelines of technology development

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, more and more questions arise in the field of regulation of this area. Lev Gershanok, director of the legal department of the Ministry of Economic Development, the department responsible for the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" and the formation of a regulatory framework in this area, spoke at an industry conference on May 11, 2023 about which of them are the most relevant, and what work in the field of regulation is underway.

Personal data for AI - balance of private and public interests

Lev Gershanok says that the Ministry of Economic Development considers AI first of all as an object of investment: it is a technology in which money can be invested and developed. Today we are actually at such a stage when we will either give these technologies the opportunity to capitalize and develop the economy, or remain on the sidelines of development.

The department believes that one of the key current problems in the regulatory framework is the issue of data turnover. AI does not live without databases, training, access to information systems, and today the legislative norms providing for the turnover of personal data do not allow the widespread use of Big Data technologies for training and development of AI. Therefore, the main task, like removing barriers, is to adjust the legislation to ensure the possibility of data circulation.

It is necessary to ensure a balance of interests, because personal data must also be treated with trepidation and understand that this is a certain balance of protecting private and public interests. Therefore, we are now working with the Ministry of Digital Development, the State Duma, and the Federation Council on these issues. Today, the State Duma has a number of initiatives proposing to amend the law on personal data and the law on information. There are already instructions from the president on this matter, so we are moving towards creating conditions for the circulation of impersonal data, "says Lev Gershanok.

The Ministry of Economic Development, in particular, is in favor of introducing a procedure such as "data sanitation," which, in fact, allows you to transform databases with signs of personal data into secure ones that can be used to develop AI. Sanitized data is information modified in such a way that it is impossible to determine its belonging to a specific person.

There are other issues that need to be resolved. For example, liability issues. Now we do not understand who is responsible for the harm that AI has caused, given the fact that technology is self-learning, and at various stages of its development it is taught not only by those who create it. This issue is also in the works, the representative of the Ministry of Economic Development notes.

Experimental legal regimes on applications

Relevant in the field of AI are "legal sandboxes." This is a tool that has already been introduced into legislation, and which allows you to remove certain norms and form the necessary regulation from the current legal regulation, justifying the need. At the theory level, this is called "capsule law" theory.

The advantages are obvious: the time for preparing the regulatory framework is reduced, it is possible to check and test the technology not immediately throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation, but on the territory of individual entities.

Experimental legal regimes apply, for example, Yandex in the field of unmanned technologies, in medicine - developers of medical assistants with AI. The Ministry of Economic Development is ready to form experimental legal regimes at the request of developers for a specific situation, for the development of a specific technology.

Works Created by AI: How to Protect Copyrights

As opportunities evolve, AI takes on a new complex legal aspect - how to guard works created using AI. There is no single solution yet, Dmitry Travnikov, head of the department for organizing the provision of public services of Rospatent, noted at an industry conference on May 11 . Obviously, an object of intellectual property is always an object created as a result of creative work by the author. But in the case of AI, there is no creativity in its traditional sense, and it is difficult to treat AI as an author, to grant him some rights. This would mean giving it legal personality and in some ways recognizing AI as equal to man.

There are other approaches related to the fact that a work created by AI can be protected as an object of related rights. There are suggestions that the product created by AI can be protected by indirect security mechanisms: that is, it is recognized that operations with the product will actually use AI. In this sense, the legal protection of such a product is equated with the legal protection of AI itself.

Of course, these decisions are not devoid of shortcomings, the representative of the Ministry of Economic Development admits. Mechanisms of related rights cannot protect technical solutions. Plus, intellectual property is highly harmonized and strongly based on international agreements. In addition, the protection of intellectual property objects is territorial in nature: the invention, as a rule, is protected in the country where the patent was issued by the body to which it was issued.

This means that if we make a decision on some new regime, and this regime will not be worked out in the world, then this object will not be able to be guarded anywhere except with us, explains Dmitry Travnikov. Accordingly, it is unlikely that it will be possible to enter international markets with it. Therefore, all these issues should be discussed at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), and there the discussions are, as a rule, rather protracted, because there are many countries, and there is a confrontation between countries with different levels of intellectual property development.

There is an understanding that changing the legislation on intellectual property is necessary, that it is necessary to establish some rules regarding the protection of objects created by AI. Otherwise, the lack of regulation can become a demotivating factor: someone will not develop, because he will understand that his developments will not be protected, and someone will go into alternative ways of protection in the form of preserving the commercial secret regime.

Current legal barriers: examples from Yandex

Yandex AI Technology Development Director Alexander Krainov at an industry conference on May 11 shared examples of existing current barriers from the point of view of developers. One of the stories is about FSTEC and export control. There are export control rules written many years ago, where at one time they wrote everything that in theory can relate to dual-use technologies. Before transferring the technology "outside," it passes export control, and if it is associated, for example, with computer vision or text analysis, it ends up in dual-use technologies.

And if I put something in open access - in open source - do I put it outside? Actually, yes. That is, theoretically, without violating the law, we cannot even put anything into open access without an approval procedure. Moreover, the coordination procedure, on the one hand, is quite simple, and on the other hand, it cannot be instant, it takes some months, "says Alexander Krainov.

And in the conditions of a tough international market, when against the background of geopolitics, technologies produced in Russia are already more difficult to "break through," the provision of securities to departments also creates additional difficulties.

The most interesting thing here is that we do not have such technologies that are unique before that no one in the world can reproduce them. We have technologies when we are several months ahead of what is happening in the world, but this gap is small, - said Yandex, director of AI technology development.

At the same time, he added, the FSTEC understands the existing problem, but there is still an inheritance that needs to be changed. Another barrier is that there are technologies for which small local legal sandboxes are not suitable. For example, in medicine. If you collect a sufficient number - several thousand pairs of cases when a person did not have glaucoma at first, and then it was discovered, then the task of predicting it from early images is very easy for computer vision. Early diagnosis of glaucoma can allow a person to remain sighted for the rest of their life. But to teach the model for such a task, you need to collect data from virtually the whole country, and maybe from several countries. Then they will be enough for dataset.

There are cases when we simply have little such data. By collecting them locally, you can make a big mistake, because computer vision algorithms are very sensitive to the device on which the picture is taken. But medicine is a highly regulated, sensitive area, so there is an unresolved barrier to large-scale data collection in this area, said Alexander Krainov.

The implementation of a new roadmap in the field of artificial intelligence has begun in Russia

In mid-January 2023, the Government of the Russian Federation agreed with business a roadmap for the development of artificial intelligence. The agreement was signed by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, Chairman of the Board of Sberbank German Gref, General Director of UK RDIF Kirill Dmitriev, General Director of ANO Platform NTI Dmitry Peskov.

The implementation of the activities of the Artificial Intelligence roadmap involves obtaining practically significant results of the world and leading level in the high-tech field of development of AI technologies, as well as products and services with their use. The document includes 65 AI products that will be developed by key AI development partners.

According to Dmitry Chernyshenko, by mid-January 2023, more than 52% of large organizations in the country are introducing artificial intelligence in their activities in the Russian Federation. According to the developers of the roadmap, the contribution of this area to Russia's GDP by 2025 may reach up to 2%. As part of the roadmap, the effectiveness of AI solutions will be assessed by increasing the volume of the Russian AI technology market - by 2030 it should be at least 20 billion rubles, that is, it will increase at least twice, the Deputy Prime Minister said.

In November last [2022], the president instructed to ensure the mass introduction of artificial intelligence as soon as possible. I am sure that the roadmap will become a key tool for truly partnership work between the Government and market leaders on the large-scale introduction of AI technologies, "said Dmitry Chernyshenko, whose words are quoted by the press service of the Cabinet.

Digitalization, including in terms of AI, is going spontaneously, said Sergei Nakvasin, head of the Center for Expertise for the Implementation of the Artificial Intelligence Project. The regions are almost devoid of methodological and personnel support and "act to the touch," he told Kommersant^[14]

2022

The Government of the Russian Federation appointed the Higher School of Economics as the curator of AI implementation projects in the public sector

As it became known in September 2022, the Government of the Russian Federation appointed the Higher School of Economics as the curator of projects for the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the public sector and sectors of the economy. Previously, the Analytical Center under the Government was responsible for this. Read more here.

AI may additionally give 1% to Russia's GDP as early as 2025

According to preliminary estimates of Sberbank, the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in various sectors of the Russian economy may give an additional increase in the country's GDP by 1% as early as 2025. This was announced on August 18, 2022 by the First Deputy Chairman of the Board of Sberbank Alexander Vedyakhin.

According to him, the introduction of AI in key sectors of the economy leads to an increase in such indicators as speed, quality, personalization, economic efficiency by 5-7 times. The foundation for the sectoral introduction of AI in Russia over the three years of the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" has already been laid, and the driving factors for the development of AI, such as personnel, research, regulatory and others, have developed enough. Now the task is to accelerate the transition to widespread and large-scale implementation of AI in key industries, he said.

According to our preliminary calculations, which have yet to be validated and confirmed on specific cases, AI can have the greatest effect in construction, agriculture, manufacturing, and healthcare. Taking into account the specific weight of these industries in the economy, AI will give a minimum of + 1% of GDP in 2025. But I am sure that the effect will be even greater, - said Alexander Vedyakhin First Deputy Chairman of the Management Board of Sberbank.

The financial effect of AI in Sberbank in 2021 amounted to 205 billion rubles, the target for this year is 230-250 billion rubles, said Alexander Vedyakhin, First Deputy Chairman of the Board of Sberbank. This is possible thanks to several thousand developed AI models. There are about 2,200 processes and 450 client paths in Sberbank, and more than 65% of processes and 85% of client paths are already with AI.

As the federal center of competence of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence," Sberbank is ready to share its technological developments and help implement the best AI solutions in various sectors of the economy.

Chernyshenko instructed to create a roadmap for cooperation in the field of AI

In mid-August 2022, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko announced his order to create a roadmap for cooperation in the field of artificial intelligence.

I wanted to announce that at the end of our plenary session there will be a ceremony of signing a memorandum of cooperation between leading research centers, developers, infrastructure organizations. And I ask that those who participate in the signing appear in the government within a month with plans to provide a roadmap that will become a plan for joint activities to develop our cooperation, "said the Deputy Prime Minister during the plenary meeting" Artificial Intelligence. National consolidation in the name of creation "within the framework of the Army 2022 forum, which takes place on August 15-21, 2022.

According to Chernyshenko, according to the analytical center, more than 50% of organizations purchasing AI solutions prefer domestic developments. This allows us to strengthen the technological independence of Russia. For example, in agriculture, 12% of enterprises already use artificial intelligence technologies, 36% plan to introduce them in the near future. In the transport industry, these indicators are 18 and 30%, respectively. In healthcare, AI technologies are used by 16% of organizations, another 34% plan to implement them. About the same ratio in the manufacturing industry.

In conclusion, Dmitry Chernyshenko noted that by 2025, AI technologies will be massively used by state authorities and corporations.

At the same plenary session, the Governor of the Nizhny Novgorod Region Gleb Nikitin noted that the field of artificial intelligence at the beginning of 2022 in the region, both from an expert and a product point of view, was widely represented. Over 1,000 Nizhny Novgorod researchers and developers and about 15 AI companies worked on the international market, releasing more than 80 commercial products in the main areas of AI, he said.^[15]

The Government of the Russian Federation launches the National Center for the Development of Artificial intelligence

In mid-August 2022, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko announced the upcoming launch of the National Center for the Development of Artificial Intelligence under the Government of the Russian Federation. It will start working in September 2022. Read more here.

Mishustin approved 575 million rubles of state subsidies for advanced training of AI specialists

At the end of July 2022, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed a decree subsidizing the advanced training program for specialists involved in the development of artificial intelligence (AI). The corresponding budget in the amount of 575 million rubles for a period of 3 years is laid down in the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" of the national program "Digital Economy."

We are talking about a special one-year program organized by the University of 2035. It starts on September 1, 2022. The training will be held in a remote format. At a training cost of 95-110 thousand rubles per person, the state will co-finance up to 85 thousand rubles. That is, for the program participants themselves, the course will be as budgetary as possible.

Teachers of leading universities of the country will act as lecturers. Students will be able to improve their qualifications in such popular specialties as "Data Analyst," "Data Engineer," "Technical Analyst," "Architect in the field of artificial intelligence," "Data Architect." It is assumed that by 2024 more than 6.4 thousand people will increase their qualifications under the program.

Also, the Government of the Russian Federation will subsidize additional education for schoolchildren in grades 7-11 in areas related to artificial intelligence. 415 million rubles are allocated for these purposes. The program operator will be the presidential foundation "Talent and Success." Remote free classes will acquaint children with the basic concepts of artificial intelligence and the basics of programming. The result of the training should be projects of schoolchildren using AI. The guys who prepared the best works will become participants in the final at the Sirius educational center. It is assumed that at least 100 thousand schoolchildren will become students of the courses in 2022-2024.^[16]

Appointment of Dmitry Chernyshenko as curator of developments in the field of artificial intelligence and quantum computing

At the end of July 2022, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin distributed among the Deputy Prime Ministers during an operational meeting the supervision over the development of various high-tech areas. Dmitry Chernyshenko has been appointed curator of such high-tech areas as artificial intelligence, quantum computing and communication Internet solutions. Read more here.

Mishustin abolished the subcommittee on artificial intelligence

In mid-May 2022, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed a decree approving the disbandment of the subcommittee on artificial intelligence. It lasted about three years, and it appeared after the division of the government commission on digital development, which was headed by the then Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev (by May 2022 - Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of the Russian Federation). Former head of the Ministry of Economy Maxim Oreshkin and President of Sberbank German Gref became co-chairs of the subcommittee .

The Government of the Russian Federation decides to abolish the subcommittee on the development of artificial intelligence of the government commission on digital development, the use of information technologies to improve the quality of life and the conditions for doing business, the document says.

It also says that a number of acts and their individual provisions that concerned the activities of the subcommittee are recognized as invalid.

The draft resolution on the abolition of the subcommittee, we recall, was submitted for discussion in December 2021. The explanatory note said that the subcommittee is being abolished in order to optimize the structure of the commission, in connection with the failure to implement functions since 2019.

The authors of the draft resolution also explained that the main tasks of the subcommittee, determined by the provision on the subcommittee, are carried out by the Artificial Intelligence working group at the Digital Economy Autonomous Non-Profit Organization and the commission's presidium. At the same time, the majority of representatives of organizations included in the subcommittee are also included in the working group and the presidium of the commission.

The task of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" is to create conditions for enterprises and citizens to use products and services based mainly on domestic artificial intelligence technologies that provide a qualitatively new level of performance.^[17]

The Russian government tripled financial support for developers of AI systems

On April 6, 2022, it became known that the Government of the Russian Federation tripled financial support for developers of AI systems. It is expected that by 2024 about 1200 such companies will receive a total of more than 17 billion rubles, including extrabudgetary funds from industrial customers. Earlier, the Cabinet of Ministers approved the allocation of 5.26 billion rubles.

Artificial intelligence Kommersant In April 2022, the Deputy Prime Minister's office spoke about adjusting some of the indicators and indicators of the federal project "until 2024" "taking into account the current agenda for countering sanctions." Dmitry Chernyshenko They noted that in 2022, measures are envisaged to provide grants for the development of AI solutions, their promotion and implementation.

It is also reported that the project will continue financial support for six research centers on artificial intelligence created in 2021 on the basis of Skoltech, Innopolis University, ITMO, HSE, MIPT, Institute of System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Research centers should become growth points for science and technology in the field of AI.

According to the source of the publication on the IT market, by the beginning of April 2022, many projects using artificial intelligence - both state and commercial - were paused, since Western sanctions restrict access to global infrastructure and advanced technologies, for example, repositories of impersonal data for training the neural network.

Matvey Vasenin, technical director of the Doctis telemedicine company, in a conversation with the publication, suggested that investments in AI due to a change in the financial situation will be reduced for many players. In his opinion, the competition between the players will increase, in the context of a decrease in funding, the best developers will gather in independent teams.^[18]

A roadmap for the development of artificial intelligence in the regions of Russia has been developed

In mid-February 2022, it became known about the development in Russia of a roadmap for the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the regions of the country. The authors of the document are representatives of the Ministry of Digital Development, the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the center of expertise for the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" under the Government of the Russian Federation.

As Kommersant writes with reference to this action plan for the introduction of AI in the regions, it includes 17 points, including the development by October 2022 of data sets (a set of data marked up so that neural networks read them) for training AI in various sectors of the economy and providing access to them regional authorities. It also provides for the development of computing resources, the development of mechanisms to stimulate the creation of regional scientific and production consortia for testing AI. By December, the regions should select the best projects in the field of AI, the publication says.

According to the source of the publication, the office of Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko believes that the active participation of regional leaders in the implementation of the measures specified in the roadmap "will give impetus to the development of this vector of digitalization at the level of subjects." At the same time, a high-ranking source of the publication in one of the IT holdings called the "roadmap" "extremely raw."

It is necessary to introduce artificial intelligence that will increase efficiency in solving applied problems, first of all, it is in the regions, said Alexander Vedyakhin, First Deputy Chairman of the Board of Sberbank. According to him, an analysis of international and Russian experience shows that the introduction of AI usually leads to an improvement of five to seven times such indicators as speed, quality, objectivity in industry projects,^[19] said^[20]

2021

The Ministry of Industry and Trade has decided on the criteria for choosing AI projects for state support

As it became known on December 3, 2021, by order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, Tess Technology conducted a study in order to establish priority areas for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The compiled recommendations will become the basis for the distribution of state support in this area.

According to experts, the following projects need to be supported:

• Russian software and hardware complexes in the region computer vision - due to the development of sensors, supplemented virtual reality and (/), ARVR the distribution of mobile phones with built-in cameras, the demand for analytics; biometrics
• the attractiveness of speech recognition and synthesis is due to the proliferation of automatic services, the development of the Internet of Things, voice assistants, chat bots, ensuring access protection using the "voice key," etc.
• Recommendation and intelligent decision support systems are identified as a promising direction due to the breadth of the market segment, increased data availability, easier entry into this segment for specialists. Of the 261 artificial intelligence startups that the authors analyzed, more than half were involved in the development of recommendation and intelligent decision support systems. The total amount of funding for such startups reached $149.87 billion.

The study also examined technologies for natural language processing, automatic training of neural networks and other promising developments. However, by December 2021, these projects have too many restrictions, so little is invested in them. Thus, investments in startups, including the development of computer vision, are estimated at $10.36 billion, natural language processing - at $899.1 million.^[21]

The number of budget places in the field of AI in Russian universities has grown sharply

On November 25, 2021, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko announced an increase in the number of budget places in Russian universities in areas related to the development of artificial intelligence - there were 7,000 more in accordance with the instructions of Russian President Vladimir Putin. Read more here.

The government selected 6 AI projects, which will be issued grants in the amount of up to 1 billion rubles

In early October 2021, the winners of the selection of AI projects became known, which will receive federal grants in the amount of up to 1 billion rubles. They will be able to count on state support:

• Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology;
• Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT);
• Institute for System Programming named after V.P. Ivannikova;
• Innopolis University;
• ITMO National Research University;
• Higher School of Economics (HSE).

The total amount of funds, taking into account extrabudgetary funding, will amount to 7 billion rubles. This is an extremely significant amount of funding even for large universities and scientific organizations, and as a result, this is a great responsibility for the result. These six centers will become reference points for the development of AI technology, - said Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko.

He stressed that the assessment of the projects was carried out with an open mind, active discussion took place until the moment of voting. The main task was to select those applications that have chances for maximum development and will give concrete results, Chernyshenko noted.

A total of 36 organizations took part in the selection. The most popular areas of development of artificial intelligence in the applications were: intersectoral AI and AI technologies for various sectors of the economy, AI for optimizing management decisions, AI for medicine, AI for industry.

According to the deputy head of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade Vladislav Fedulov, who oversees the work of the expert council, which considered applications for participation in the competition, Russia needs centers for creating technologies that would help lead the country into leadership positions. The guarantee that the centers are engaged in the necessary business is their industrial partners: they will invest a total of 1.6 billion rubles in the work of the centers, he added.^[22]

The state distributes money for the development and piloting of domestic AI technologies. How much and where to get

Deputy Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation Vladislav Fedulov on September 6, 2021 summed up the interim results of the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" in terms of measures to support the industry. Until 2024, within the framework of the federal project, it is planned to hold tenders with financial support measured in billions. And the first contests started in the summer of 2021.

So, in July, the Innovation Assistance Fund announced 4 competitions for grant support to developers of AI technologies and open AI libraries. The volume of grants is from 4 to 20 million rubles. By the end of 2021, it is planned that a total of 140 teams will receive grants of 1.2 billion rubles.

All applications are strictly selected. According to Sergei Polyakov, general director of the Innovation Assistance Fund, their organization attracts about 2 thousand experts to the correspondence examination of projects, from which participants in the competition will then be selected. In addition to Russian affiliation, the novelty and effectiveness of solutions, the competence of the team, the prospects for implementation are primarily important, Polyakov says.

The Skolkovo Foundation launched a competition in August to support the testing of AI technologies in the real sector. In this case, the winners of the competition can count on a grant from 20 to 100 million rubles. Piloting of these solutions will be carried out on the basis of the largest Russian enterprises and about 50% of grants will be extra-budgetary funding. Actually, the financing in this competition is intended for enterprises that are going to implement solutions. The key feature of the competition is that it focuses on the first commercial implementation of Russian AI-based solutions. And there is also a tough examination of applications.

There are a lot of crooks, the so-called "grantees," whose main occupation is to receive financial support from different institutions. A complex multi-stage examination is an opportunity to cut off non-targeted recipients of state support, "says Kirill Kayem, Senior Vice President for Innovation of the Skolkovo Foundation.

It is not allowed, for example, that the customer and the contractor are affiliated. In addition, the customer and contractor must be financially sustainable. After that, the applications undergo technical examinations, to which about 800 experts are involved. The product must be in a high stage of technological readiness and must be replicable.

And by the end of August, the acceptance of applications for support of AI research centers, organized by the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation, had already been completed. Selection was carried out in 14 areas. Grants will be issued for a wide range of AI projects - from creating software for analyzing and verifying domestic AI systems to developing solutions for priority sectors of the economy. In October, the selection of six centers will be completed, and by the end of 2021 the amount of support will amount to 900 million rubles.

In addition, in June 2021, a series of hackathons was launched, which are organized by the ANO "Russia is a country of opportunities." By the end of 2021, 10 hackathons should be held. And for a total of 116 hackathons until 2024, financing of 980 million rubles is planned.

In addition to competitions, educational support and financing of standardization work in the field of AI is also planned.

The government is creating a national code of ethics in the field of AI

At the end of August 2021, it became known that the Government of the Russian Federation was creating a national code of ethics in the field of artificial intelligence. The document establishes general principles and standards of behavior that can be guided by actors in the field of artificial intelligence in their activities, and is advisory in nature.

The draft of the National code of ethics in the sphere of artificial intelligence is developed on the Alliance platform in the sphere of artificial intelligence with participation of representatives of the Ministry of Economics, Russian Government Analytical Centre, Sber and other members of association.

According to Andrey Neznamov, Managing Director of the AI Regulation Center of Sber PJSC, the code will regulate the work of regulators, developers, customers, operators, users of artificial intelligence systems (SI), experts and operators of SI and other persons who potentially have the possibility of influencing SI.

When developing the norms of the code, we relied on a humanocentric principle, according to which technologies should contribute to the realization of all potential human capabilities, a risk-oriented principle - any technology should be considered in terms of not only benefits, but also risks to the interests of the person and society, as well as the principles of precaution and responsible attitude. Our task is to make it possible to prevent harm and ensure the safety of developments, "he said.

Neznamov called the key principles of the code of ethics in the field of AI the protection of people's interests and the need to be aware of the responsibility when creating and using AI, which always lies with the person.

According to experts, the principles of ethics should develop as new knowledge, challenges and opportunities emerge. Experts also drew attention to the fact that, unlike the norms of law, the provisions of the code will not have legal significance.^[23]

Criteria for AI projects applying for state support approved

By his order, Minister of Economic Development Maxim Reshetnikov approved the criteria for determining the belonging of projects to projects in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), which will be applied to those who claim subsidies from the Development Fund of the Center for the Development and Commercialization of New Technologies for Pilot Projects for Testing AI Technologies in Priority Industries. The document was published at the end of July 2021.

One of the criteria - project activities should provide for the creation, development or implementation of AI. The latter is defined as a complex of technological solutions that allows imitating a person's cognitive functions, including self-learning and finding solutions without a predetermined algorithm, as well as obtaining results comparable, at least, to the results of human intellectual activity.

The project activities should provide for the creation, development or implementation of at least one of the AI technologies and be aimed at solving the technological problems established by the list in the order in accordance with the national strategy for the development of AI for the period up to 2030. This list includes tasks in the field of computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition and synthesis, intelligent decision support systems, as well as in the development and search for promising methods of artificial intelligence.

And the promising methods of artificial intelligence in the national strategy of AI, on which the criteria are based in the order of the Ministry of Economic Development, include: autonomous problem solving; automatic design of physical objects; automatic machine learning; processing information based on new types of computing systems; interpreted data processing, etc.

And finally, the result of the project should be one of the following results:

1) Creation, development or introduction of new technologies, software or PAC, as well as their scaling, adaptation to new application areas.

2) Creation, development or implementation of a new electronic component base, specially created for the effective implementation of data processing algorithms used in AI technologies. This also includes the development of processors with neuromorphic architecture, memristor elements, as well as specialized graphics and tensor processors.

3) Creation, development or implementation of special tools and solutions for developers of artificial intelligence technologies, including tools for data processing and analysis, creation and application of algorithms, machine learning models, creation of open libraries, test stands.

4) creation and processing of data sets, including collection, cleaning, marking, validation, depersonalization, storage, enrichment, audit, publication and updating of data.

Creation of a center for the implementation of the "Artificial Intelligence" fedproject

In July 2021, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed a decree approving the creation of an expertise center for the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" as part of the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. Read more here.

AI projects in Russia begin to issue grants with a total budget of 7 billion rubles.

On July 15, 2021, a competition was launched in Russia to support projects in the field of artificial intelligence, within the framework of which grants will be issued to universities and scientific organizations.

5.4 billion rubles were allocated for the implementation of this initiative in the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." Another 30% of this amount should be provided by extrabudgetary sources, and the total amount of funding will be about 7 billion rubles.

As noted by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, support will be provided for work in advanced areas of artificial intelligence development. Their list was compiled by an expert council, which included researchers and business representatives. Grants will be issued for a wide range of AI projects - from creating system software for analyzing and verifying domestic systems based on the use of AI technologies to developing solutions for priority industries. 

We expect that the specific results of the competition will contribute to the technological growth of the Russian economy, - he said, adding that in 2021 six AI centers will receive support in the total amount of 900 million rubles.

Dmitry Chernyshenko also drew attention to the importance of ethical aspects of the introduction of artificial intelligence - this topic suggests studying human interaction with AI systems and developing appropriate ethical norms.

The promising industries that were approved included:

• medicine;
• smart city;
• agriculture;
• food production;
• environmental monitoring;
• advanced robotization;
• automation of production processes;
• service area.

It also provides for the development of cross-industry areas - biometrics technologies, natural language analysis, the use of AI to ensure cybersecurity.^[24]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade researched the processors imitating work of a brain

In July 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation announced a tender for a marketing study of "domestic and global industries of hardware and software complexes for the purposes of artificial intelligence." The agency is ready to pay up to 70 million rubles to the winner of the competition. Read more here.

Mishustin approved the rules for issuing grants for AI projects

Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin approved the rules for granting grants in the field of artificial intelligence. The Government of the Russian Federation announced this on July 7, 2021.

We are talking about state support for universities and scientific organizations for the work of research centers in the field of AI. It is assumed that the centers will contribute to the development of the sector: engage in scientific development, participate in the preparation and implementation of advanced educational programs.

According to the press service of the Cabinet, the funds can be used to cover the costs of paying the center's employees, buying software, equipment and components, participating in international scientific conferences, and purchasing the services necessary for the functioning of the center. The size of the grant for one organization in 2021 will be no more than 150.4 million rubles, in subsequent years - up to 250.6 million rubles. It is planned to support at least six research centers until 2024. From 2021 to 2023, 4.1 billion rubles are provided for this support measure.

A special working group will be engaged in the selection of recipients, which will include AI experts and representatives of state bodies. The Ministry of Economic Development was entrusted to form it within 30 days. The Government Analytical Center has been appointed the subsidy operator.

The Government of the Russian Federation expects that the decision made will stimulate the development of AI technologies and their introduction in various industries, will become another incentive for the accelerated digitalization of the Russian economy.

At the end of May 2021, Mikhail Mishustin approved the rules for granting grants for the development of bachelor's and master's educational programs in the Artificial Intelligence profile. Federal universities will be able to receive funding based on the results of a competitive selection conducted by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. It is assumed that with the help of state support, 10 bachelor's and 40 master's programs of training will be created.^[25]

Minek identified criteria for providing subsidies to developers of AI systems

At the end of May 2021, it became known about the order of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, which clarifies the criteria for projects in the field of artificial intelligence applying for state support (5.26 billion rubles were allocated).

As Kommersant writes with reference to this document, subsidies should solve problems in one of five areas:

• computer vision (recognition of objects in ordinary and virtual reality, analysis of the behavior of people, animals and other objects);
• language processing (analysis and classification of statements, conducting a meaningful dialogue with a person by a machine, searching for hidden meanings in texts);
• speech recognition and synthesis (they must verify the authenticity of speech, recognize complex semantic constructs, create means of managing emotions, determine a person's social status);
• intelligent decision support (predictive analytics, human resources management systems through machine learning and monitoring of the psychophysical state of company employees);
• promising AI methods, including machine learning using quantum computing, the synthesis of 3D objects and human avatars.

As explained in the Ministry of Economy to the publication, the order is necessary due to cases when the authors of the project position them as artificial intelligence, while not having the proper technological core.

With the help of the criteria, a more accurate "landing" of state support measures will be possible - both for large pilot projects for the introduction of AI and for small startups, added Dmitry Chernyshenko to the office of the profile Deputy Prime Minister.

It is hoped that thanks to the innovation, budget money for the development of AI will be "spent more wisely than now," Karen Ghazaryan, general director of the Institute for Internet Research, told the newspaper. According to him, the draft order "looks surprisingly sane."^[26]

Mishustin approved 5.26 billion rubles of subsidies to companies for the introduction of AI

The Government of the Russian Federation approved the rules for supporting business projects in the implementation of pilot projects for the introduction of artificial intelligence in various sectors of the economy. The press service of the Cabinet of Ministers announced this on May 23, 2021.

The Prime Minister signed Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 21, 2021 No. 767, according to which companies implementing AI systems will be able to count on total subsidies in the amount of 5.26 billion rubles. The program will be valid until 2024. The rules for granting subsidies were approved within the framework of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence."

Subsidies can be directed to the purchase of software and equipment, payment for the services of programmers, rental of office premises, maintenance of workplaces and other purposes. It is recorded that the size of the grant per recipient should not exceed 100 million rubles, - says the government website.

The money will be distributed on a competitive basis. In addition, the government plans to subsidize the development of projects in the field of artificial intelligence for schoolchildren and students and finance specialized additional education. Until 2024, the authorities will allocate 1.23 billion rubles for these purposes.

The best initiatives will receive expert and mentoring support, which, among other things, will allow teams to prepare their projects for launch. The document also provides for the financing of services for specialized additional education, thanks to which thousands of Russians will be able to obtain certificates for passing special training programs on AI.

The Cabinet hopes that the decisions made will help expand the practical use of AI, stimulate the digital transformation of the economy, which means that they will become a driver of the country's socio-economic development.^[27]

The Ministry of Digital Development will create a big data state operator

On May 18, 2021, it became known about Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation 's plans to create a big data state operator. Its services are expected to be paid for companies. Read more here.

The Ministry of Digital Development proposed new AI projects

At the end of April 2021, it became known about the proposal of the Ministry of Digital Development to expand the introduction of artificial intelligence in Russia. In particular, the department pointed to the need to use digital assistants in educational and medical institutions and launch AI farms that would provide recommendations for growing and predicting yields.

These ideas, as Kommersant writes, the Ministry of Digital Development outlined in a document that was sent to the government apparatus for inclusion in the Strategy for Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation until 2030.

The ministry also proposes to develop a smart geologist and use artificial intelligence to search for environmental pollution and choose IT companies that claim state support.

According to the source of the publication, the proposals will Ministry of Digital Development be considered by the Ministry of Economy, which leads the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." Some of the new initiatives may be included in this project, but the issue of their financing remains open: the budget for the implementation of ideas can be allocated from departmental digital transformation programs or from a federal project. The costs of the latter in 2021-2024 are estimated at 31.5 billion rubles, of which 24.6 billion rubles will be allocated from the budget, follows from the information on the website of the Ministry of Economy, the publication says.

Pavel Gontarev, Managing Director of Mail.ru Digital Technologies, is confident in the benefits of artificial intelligence: it can lead to an increase in the quality of education, medical services, and more accurate forecasting of yields. In the face of difficulties in providing personnel in remote and sparsely populated areas, the introduction of AI technologies could provide the necessary level of educational, medical and other services, said Sergey Vikharev, director of technology practice at KPMG in Russia and the CIS, in a conversation with Kommersant^[28]

AI developers in Russia will be able to count on subsidies of 3 billion rubles

In April 2021, it became known about the initiative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade to allocate subsidies to Russian developers of artificial intelligence technologies. Support for such projects will be carried out within the framework of the state program for the development of the radio-electronic industry and the national program "Digital Economy."

As Kommersant writes with reference to the draft government decree prepared by the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the maximum annual subsidy for one project should not exceed 500 million rubles. At the same time, the period of its implementation is no more than six years, that is, the developer as a whole will be able to receive up to 3 billion rubles. The recipient of the subsidy will have to invest his funds in the amount of at least 30% of the project cost.

The result needed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade is the creation by the recipients of subsidies of competitive hardware and software systems for AI in such areas as medicine, pattern and speech recognition or the creation of security systems, the head of the department Denis Manturov told the newspaper. He noted that the recipient of the subsidy undertakes to implement the developed solutions in an amount that exceeds the amount of the subsidy by at least twice.

The source of the newspaper is confident that the main contenders for subsidies will be two companies - the developer of the Elvis microcircuit and the Module research and production center. The latter specializes in technologies in the field of image recognition, as well as the creation of computing modules for the development of deep neural networks.

As the interlocutor of the publication noted, earlier money for development work was allocated as part of tenders, the conditions of which were spelled out for a specific contractor. Now market participants expect that the mechanism for allocating subsidies for the competition will be more transparent.^[29]

The Russian government has allocated 1.4 billion rubles for grants for AI startups

The Russian government has allocated 1.4 billion rubles to support startups engaged in artificial intelligence technologies. The press service of the Cabinet of Ministers announced this on March 29, 2021. Read more here.

How federal authorities will be transformed with the help of AI

February 15, 2021 CNews spoke about how AI 13 departments will be transformed with the help:,,,,,,,,,,,,, and Ministry of Justice Ministry of Construction Rosmolodezh Roszdravnadzor FMBA Federal Accreditation Service. Rosnedra MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS Federal Registration Service Rosmorrechflot Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East Specific Rosstat Rospotrebnadzor plans for the digital transformation of individual federal authorities (FOIV) using technology (AI) are contained in the artificial intelligence federal project "Artificial Intelligence," which is part of the national program "." For each Digital economy of Russia department, an industry set of data sets is also indicated, which must be formed and made open.

Thus, the following AI solutions will be introduced into the activities of the Ministry of Justice: an intellectual legal assistant, an intellectual system for examining regulatory legal acts, a specialized bank of data on materials recognized by courts as extremist, an intellectual system for monitoring law enforcement.

In the Ministry of Construction, on the basis of artificial intelligence, document management services will appear, remote certification for the right to prepare conclusions of the examination of design documentation and the results of engineering surveys, state examination of design documentation and the results of engineering surveys using predictive analytics. Marking and indexing of the design documentation provided by the applicants, the results of engineering surveys, as well as metadata for state expertise should be provided.

Rosmolodezh will introduce an information system that promotes the self-realization of young citizens by developing personal development plans, informing about the possibilities and measures of state support, accumulating information about the possibilities of self-realization of young people through automatic data collection, as well as AI algorithms. The organization will have access to an impersonal set of data based on a digital trace of users from the department's information systems and statistical information collected by Rosmolodezh.

As part of the digital transformation of Roszdravnadzor, a digital platform for interaction of citizens will be created, built on artificial intelligence. It will help to conduct a natural dialogue in text (sites, instant messengers, mobile applications) and voice (open question in IVR) service channels. It will be possible to form automatic answers to free-form questions of Russians related to the observance of their rights in the field of health protection.

A digital intelligent platform should also appear to support the activities of experts in conducting an examination of the quality, effectiveness and safety of a medical device. The stack of technologies used will include logical artificial intelligence, optical text recognition and robotization of workflows. It is planned to form a database of expertise in areas of activity with a variable structure based on an adaptive information unified representation of data and rules.

Another planned activity is the processing of the documentation provided by the applicants for new medical devices and the results of examinations conducted in 2010-2020. An array of data for the development of AI technology in terms of expertise of the quality, effectiveness and safety of medical devices should also be formed.

It is planned to introduce domestic AI products and domestic medical equipment with AI for research, as well as for clinical trials, into the activities of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency (FMBA). A single shell should appear that allows the use of AI systems and products in health information systems, including in the implementation of state functions and the provision of state services by federal executive bodies.

Collection, processing, storage and provision of access to medical data sets should be ensured. Including on the basis of a single digital platform, images should be marked (attributed), which will contribute to the development of a single database of medical data for the creation of domestic AI products and the medical equipment necessary for their implementation.

As part of the digital transformation of Rosaccreditation, an AI system will be created to verify the compliance of evidence that served as the basis for issuing a certificate of conformity (registration of a declaration of compliance) with the requirements of legislation on technical regulation. It is planned to ensure the collection, processing, storage and provision of access to the following sets of data: data set of information on test protocols, data set of compliance certificates, data set of compliance declarations, data set of accreditation areas, data set of regulatory reference information, data set of registers FSIS (Federal State Information System of Rosaccreditation).

As part of digitalization, Rosnedra will create a digital assistant to the subsoil user as part of the Rosnedra website and the personal account of the subsoil user. It will provide oral and written interaction with applicants when applying for the provision of public services and the implementation of government functions of Rosnedra. Also, in the production cycle of acceptance and verification of incoming information from federal and territorial funds, a tool for checking state and geological reports of subsoil users based on AI technologies will be built. Also, using technologies for supporting decision-making based on artificial intelligence and neural network analysis, the collection, processing, storage and provision of access to machine-readable data sets of geological information necessary for making management decisions should be provided.

As part of the digital transformation of the activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD), it is planned to implement pilot projects to identify signs of serial (interconnected) crimes and to determine individual anatomical signs of a person obtained from biological material from the crime scenes. It is planned to form data sets of crimes and offenses, as well as other appeals of citizens and data sets of biological material from the crime scenes.

As part of the digital transformation of Rosreestr, it is planned to introduce AI solutions to analyze the quality of Rosreestr's business processes and predict risks, for predictive real estate price analytics, to search for and indicate presumably erroneous/incomplete details. It is also planned to create a data set containing archived documents.

As part of the digital transformation of Rosmorrechflot, it is planned to use an artificial intelligence and machine learning model in organizing ship traffic control in areas of operation of the Ship Traffic Control System (VMS). It is planned to ensure the collection, processing, storage and provision of access to industry data sets, including the passage of ships in the areas of operation of the VTS, taking into account their types, weather and navigation conditions and other parameters necessary to ensure safe navigation. Based on this data, as well as using information on shipping in a given region, the system will carry out its own self-study, and will subsequently be able to organize the provision of intellectual support to SUDAN operators (pilots) to make recommendations to navigators in order to ensure safe navigation. Data sets will be available and can be provided to developers taking into account the restrictions established by Russian law.

As part of the digital transformation Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East , the following AI solutions will be introduced into activities: a system for analyzing the state of demographic and socio-economic development of the Far East and the Arctic; information system for determining the need for professional personnel to ensure the socio-economic development of the subjects of the federation that are part of the Far Eastern Federal District (ANO "Agency for the Development of Human Capital in the Far East and the Arctic"); information system for the management of the forest complex of the Far East. Collection, processing, storage and provision of access to industry data sets, which include investment performance indicators, shall be provided (projects), development,, industries trade service sectors,, and, health care sciences formations the labor market, socio-demographic situation, indicators of development agriculture and nature management, indicators of ensuring public safety and integrated safety of the subjects of the federation, personnel need, staffing, forest plots, a set of data on the state of forest plots, fire fighting, taxations, a set of data on electronic auctions.

As part of the digital transformation of Rosstat, AI solutions for working with cash registers will be introduced, including automatic recognition of checks for cash registers, with subsequent correlation with Rosstat data, as well as real-time monitoring of the consumer basket, in sections from the municipality to the whole country. A solution will also be introduced that provides automatic recognition and classification of citizens' appeals entering the Rosstat electronic document management system. Collection, processing, storage and provision of access to data sets, including region, type, payment, goods, average cost, shall be provided.

As part of the digital transformation of Rospotrebnadzor, the service of the department for working with citizens' appeals will be improved by introducing AI technologies to automate preliminary consultations ("online chat bot"), the process of processing requests (online and offline) and preparing answers. The work of the unified hotline of Rospotrebnadzor will also be improved by introducing AI technologies (speech recognition, semantic analysis, machine learning) to recognize requests and generate responses (automatically by analyzing and selecting the corresponding scripts). In addition, it is planned to develop a software platform for designing epidemiological models and forecasts of the spread of infections, including the creation, in addition to agent, of stochastic and deterministic predictive models for the development of epidemics (SIR, SIRE, etc.)^[30].

Minek estimated subsidies for the development of AI at 16.5 billion rubles

On January 15, 2021, it became known about the draft government resolutions on subsidies for the development of artificial intelligence developed by the Ministry of Economic Development. The department proposes to allocate a total of more than 16.5 billion rubles for these events.

According to the publication D-Russia.ru with reference to the relevant documents published on the federal portal of draft regulatory legal acts, financing for the development of AI will be carried out from the budget and from other sources.

One of the draft resolutions is called "On the approval of the rules for granting a subsidy to a non-profit organization, the Foundation for the Development of a Center for the Development and Commercialization of New Technologies in order to support pilot projects for testing artificial intelligence technologies in priority industries." It is proposed to allocate 736.8 million rubles for 2021, 1.8 billion rubles for 2022 and 1.4 billion rubles for 2023.

Another document is aimed at establishing requirements for the provision from the federal budget of a subsidy to the autonomous non-profit organization "Russia - Country of Opportunities," which performs the functions of an operator for conducting AI hackathons to solve business and social problems, including on the basis of state data sets, including the direction of "strong AI," as well as lectures on AI topics. Here the costs for three years are estimated at almost 500 million rubles.

The Ministry of Economic Development also presented a draft resolution aimed at establishing requirements for the provision of subsidies from the federal budget to the autonomous non-profit organization "National Priorities."

The most expensive project presented is "On the approval of the Rules for the provision of subsidies from the federal budget to the federal state budgetary institution" Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Forms of Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere "for the implementation of grant support for small enterprises for the development, use and commercialization of products, services and (or) solutions using artificial intelligence technologies, developers of open libraries in the field of artificial intelligence, acceleration of projects using artificial intelligence. " Budget financing is provided for the implementation of this event: for 2021 - 1.4 billion rubles, for 2022 - 1.9 billion rubles, for 2023 - 1.8 billion rubles^[31]

Putin instructed to adopt laws on the use of artificial intelligence by May 1

In early January 2021, the president Russia Vladimir Putin instructed to adopt laws on large-scale application artificial intelligence in the country by May 1. We are talking about federal laws under which it will be possible to introduce experimental regimes in certain industries to expand the use of AI.

In addition, by May 1, the Cabinet of Ministers will have to take measures (including tax) to stimulate investments related to the introduction of domestic software and hardware systems created on the basis of artificial intelligence technologies.

In addition, the Government of the Russian Federation was instructed to ensure the introduction of amendments to the legislation providing (subject to the protection of personal data) developers of AI solutions to access data sets contained in state information systems, as well as the possibility of using such data by these organizations. As indicated in the instruction, which should be carried out by July 1, this is necessary "in order to accelerate the creation of domestic software and hardware systems based on artificial intelligence technologies."

Another order of Putin is related to the updating, in accordance with the requirements of the labor market, of educational programs of higher education in specialties and areas of training related to the development and development of artificial intelligence.

During the conference on January 4, 2021, Vladimir Putin spoke about the need to introduce a bill in the first quarter of 2021 that would open up competitive access for neural network developers to large data, including state arrays of this data. According to the president, this data "is a real breeding ground for the development of artificial intelligence technologies in a number of areas." Putin then noted that artificial intelligence has already saturated all spheres of human life and has become an assistant that opens up new horizons.^[32]

2020

Standardization of the AI sphere starts in Russia

On December 23, 2020, it became known about the approval of the standardization program for the field of artificial intelligence in Russia for the period 2021-2024. The document was signed by Deputy Minister of Economic Development of Russia Oksana Tarasenko and Deputy Head of Rosstandart Anton Shalaev.

According to the press service of Rosstandart, the goal of the program is to overcome existing regulatory and technical obstacles in the implementation of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" in Russia. Within four years, it is planned to develop standards that will regulate the safety of artificial intelligence systems for people and the environment. Standardization will affect the introduction of AI in various areas of human activity, such as transport, medicine, education, construction, etc.

We need to be confident that the introduction of AI will take place not only quickly and transparently, but also safely for society and the environment as a whole. We are also working to simplify the integration of artificial intelligence systems into the existing information infrastructure, - said Deputy Minister of Economic Development Oksana Tarasenko.

The program includes the development of 217 documents and is designed for 4 years. According to Tarasenko, the government will continue to discuss issues with the expert community in order to update the program in accordance with the new proposals.

It is noted that the program does not establish restrictions on the methods of hardware and software implementation of artificial intelligence, the methods, models, algorithms and options for using intelligent technologies to solve various applied problems.

The standardization program in the priority area "Artificial Intelligence," in the development of which more than 50 organizations took part, was the first, approved jointly with the Ministry of Economic Development.^[33]

Sberbank will pay 2/3 of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence"

Financing of the federal project on artificial intelligence () AI will amount to 86.5 billion, rubles of which 24.6 billion rubles are budget funds, 6.9 billion rubles - money from extrabudgetary sources, and 55 billion rubles - funds. Sberbank This was announced in December by the Deputy Prime Minister during a Dmitry Chernyshenko meeting of the President Russia Vladimir Putin with members of the government.

Dear Vladimir Vladimirovich, you instructed the government to develop and approve the federal project "Artificial Intelligence," the corresponding fedproekt has been approved, it is part of the national project "Digital Economy" and it is just ensuring the implementation of these AI agreements<…> between the government and leading companies, - said Chernyshenko, adding that Sberbank is seriously increasing computing capacity for work.

According to TASS, the Information Agency of Russia, for 2021-2023, 16.6 billion rubles were budgeted for the implementation of the new federal project "Artificial Intelligence."

Those interviewed by ComNews agreed that 55 billion rubles is a small amount for Sberbank, and the project of the credit institution is profitable. According to Albert Bertyakov, a specialist in the field of state IT, Sberbank is not only a "place of storage of modest deposits of the population," but also a huge (and most importantly, very profitable) business structure with state participation. 14-15 billion rubles a year for the state AI Sberbank will pull without problems, he is sure.

Sberbank is actively storming the Internet, and, of course, co-investing in this project will give a huge leap in the development of its business. Therefore, this move as a contribution to the future is quite natural, - says Anton Rogachevsky, senior lecturer at the Faculty of Banking at Synergy University.[34][35]

Creation of a register of ready-made solutions in the field of artificial intelligence for federal departments

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Digital Development to create a register of ready-made solutions in the field of artificial intelligence for implementation in federal departments. This was announced on November 12, 2020 by the press service of the Cabinet. Read more here.

The center "Artificial Intelligence in Industry" will appear in St. Petersburg

In early November 2020, the Governor of St. Petersburg, Alexander Beglov, signed a decree on the creation of the scientific and educational center "| Artificial Intelligence in Industry" in the city, which will develop and introduce AI technologies for the needs of the Russian economy. Read more here.

Ministry of Digital Development, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergencies, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Agriculture presented projects for the use of AI in departments

On October 3, 2020, the heads of the Ministry of Digital Development Transformation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergencies, Rosmolodezh, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of MHIF, the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Agriculture presented projects for the use of artificial intelligence in their federal authorities.

Thus, the EMERCOM of Russia demonstrated an AI system for detecting thermal anomalies, predicting water levels and recognizing infrastructure and destruction in the pictures.

The Ministry of Health took initiatives to create a personal intelligent digital medical "concierge service," a smart second opinion service, speech filling of medical documents and intelligent processing of information from wearable devices.

The presentation of AI projects took place as part of the second strategic session on artificial intelligence for leaders of the digital transformation of sixty-two federal executive bodies. The event was attended by the Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Maksut Shadayev, as well as representatives of manufacturers of electronic products and companies involved in the introduction of AI technologies.

According to Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, the presented projects will be included in departmental digital transformation programs and will receive clear indicators of efficiency measurement.

On the part of the government, we will create conditions for the maximum penetration of modern technologies into the activities of all departments and priority industries and the social sphere, "he stressed.

Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Industry and Trade to present current Russian microelectronics solutions for the implementation of projects in the field of artificial intelligence.

As noted on the website of the Cabinet of Ministers, large state and private companies are involved in the development of AI in Russia: the government and Sberbank entered into an agreement of intent, providing for the development of a roadmap for the implementation of solutions in the field of AI. And Yandex, Mail.ru Group, Sberbank, MTS, Gazprom Neft, RDIF and other companies have formed an alliance for artificial intelligence.^[36]

The main initiatives, numbers and the full text of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence"

At the disposal of TAdviser was the passport of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" (AI), approved on August 27, 2020 by the government commission on digital development (download). As of early September, the approved document was not published in open sources. TAdviser reviewed the project and provides a brief overview of its key indicators.

The total amount of funding for a federal project with implementation dates from January 2021 to December 2024 is 36.3 billion rubles. 29.4 billion rubles will be allocated from the federal budget: 22.5 billion rubles - from the funds of the national program "Digital Economy," 6.9 billion rubles - from the funds of the state program "Development of the electronic and radio-electronic industry."

The approved financing of the project was significantly reduced compared to the initially proposed amount: it was originally planned that it would amount to 124.8 billion rubles. True, subsequently the project budget may be increased, since funding for a number of its activities has not yet been approved. We are talking, for example, about the following events:

• the introduction of AI to control the targeted use of land and predict yields;
• decoding by Rosselkhoznadzor using AI images from space to reduce the number of violations of land legislation (overgrowth and pollution of territories, illegal development of quarries, etc.);
• introducing AI into medical organizations to predict the patient's condition based on available data, provide early diagnosis of diseases, optimize an individual treatment plan, voice filling of medical documentation, etc.

Due to the lack of funding for these events, the project was not agreed upon by a number of departments - the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Rosselkhoznadzor, follows from the materials to the absentee presidium of the legal commission, which TAdviser got acquainted with.

The main items of expenses in the project are indicated:

• Grant support for small enterprises for the development, use and commercialization of products, services and/or solutions using artificial intelligence technologies, as well as developers of open libraries in the field of AI and acceleration of projects using AI (18.2 billion rubles);
• Increasing the availability of hardware necessary to solve problems in the field of AI (6.9 billion rubles);
• Increasing the level of staffing of the Russian AI technology market (2.2 billion rubles);
• Popularization and development of the community (1.3 billion rubles);
• Creation of a comprehensive system for regulating public relations arising in connection with the development and use of AI technologies (242 million rubles);
• Implementation of AI solutions in the sectors of the economy and increasing the availability and quality of data necessary for the development of AI technologies (the amount of funding is not specified).

The federal project is aimed at solving the following problems:

• development and development of software that uses artificial intelligence technologies;
• supporting scientific research for advanced development of AI;
• increasing the level of personnel support for the Russian AI technology market;
• increased availability of hardware necessary for solving problems in the field of AI;
• creation of an integrated system for regulating public relations arising in connection with the development and use of AI technologies;
• community promotion and development;
• implementation of AI solutions in the sectors of the economy and increasing the availability and quality of data necessary for the development of AI technologies.

The following indicators are defined as indicators that the federal project should achieve by 2024:

• 90 publications of Russian specialists at level A AI conferences per year;
• 100% of FNAIs that have approved changes to departmental digital transformation programs and implement measures to implement AI and prepare data sets;
• 4241 AI specialists trained in higher and additional education programs per year;
• a twofold increase in the AI community;
• 1199 AI development companies that received state support within the framework of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence";
• satisfaction with working conditions in Russia of citizens interested in the development of AI technologies (the value is not indicated).

Among the results to be achieved are:

• 569 small enterprises for the development, application and commercialization of products, services and/or solutions using artificial intelligence technologies supported by grant funding;
• 70% of updated federal state educational standards for general and professional education, taking into account recommendations for the development of educational programs in related specialties that take into account AI competencies;
• creation in 2021 of a collective use center (CCP) with equipment and software in the field of development of hardware and software systems - test racks, verification tools, engineering software, etc., and activities in the center since 2022 of at least 10 companies per year for the development and testing of these complexes for AI purposes;
• at least 20 medical devices, medical information systems and services using AI technologies introduced in more than 60% of medical organizations of state and municipal ownership forms.

The main risks of the project implementation are indicated:

• Slow adoption of necessary regulations;

The current rules governing the procedure for the development and approval of basic regulatory documents governing the use of digital technologies lead to the fact that the development and approval of any type of regulatory legal acts takes a very long time, the materials say.

• Resistance of existing control structures;

One of the key factors in the success of any transformation process is its support both at the level of senior management and middle management. Analysis of the reasons for the failures of many large projects indicates that it is the layer of medium-sized management, be it authorities or business structures, that is the most "viscous" for passing new ideas, the materials say.

• Sabotage of ordinary personnel and management;

According to surveys conducted by experts, in addition to fear of losing their jobs, people are distrustful of innovations, fear an increase in workloads and, at the same time, a possible increase in responsibility for their actions, the materials say.

• Lack of funding;

The amount of funding established in the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" is insufficient to achieve the goals determined by the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence for the period up to 2030, the materials note.

Recall that by 2021, a plan for the implementation of the National Strategy of Artificial Intelligence for the period up to 2030 should be developed and approved.

State support in the amount of 12 billion rubles for small IT companies

On September 1, 2020, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin announced the allocation of 12 billion rubles by the authorities to support small IT companies engaged in projects in the field of artificial intelligence. These state support measures are designed for four years and are aimed at 1200 startups.

An appropriate program for the development of artificial intelligence for four years has been adopted, but the most important thing is that there are special grants that will be allocated for the development of small startups and companies that are already in large numbers in our information technology market for four years, - said the Prime Minister at a meeting with young scientists and entrepreneurs in Krasnodar.

According to Mishustin, "this is a fairly good, confident support program" for small companies working in the field of artificial intelligence. He recalled that the strategy for the development of artificial intelligence in the Russian Federation was initiated by President Vladimir Putin, who previously stated that "today the development of artificial intelligence is a matter of state security and survival."

The head of the cabinet added that artificial intelligence will affect many areas of the country's life - both the defense capability and the development of the economy.^[37]

The Presidium of the Legal Commission for Digital Development approved the federal project "Artificial Intelligence"

On August 27, 2020, the Presidium of the Government Commission on Digital Development, headed by the Deputy Prime Minister, Dmitry Chernyshenko approved the federal project Artificial intelligence"." The final version reflected six tasks set by the president Russia Vladimir Putin in the national development strategy: artificial intelligence

• support for scientific research;
• creation of an integrated system of legal regulation, development and development of software;
• Improving data availability and quality
• Increase hardware availability
• increase in the provision of qualified personnel;
• raising awareness among the population.

The project is divided into several main blocks. The Ministry of Economic Development is responsible for coordinating measures for the development of the artificial intelligence ecosystem. The Ministry of Communications coordinates the implementation of AI and the formation of data sets. The block for the development of domestic hardware complexes and chips is assigned to the Ministry of Industry and Trade.

It is noted that the result of the project will be the creation of a comprehensive system for regulating public relations: informing the plan for the development and adoption of regulations and standards for the development of artificial intelligence technologies.

As reported on the website of the Ministry of Economic Development, great attention is paid to the development of research centers in the field of "strong" artificial intelligence, trusted systems, computer vision, speech synthesis and recognition, as well as ethical aspects of the use of AI technologies.

A significant share of the project consists of measures to support software companies and develop the developer ecosystem. In particular, grant support for small enterprises, the creation of open libraries and a series of hackathons with the participation of leading market players is provided, - said Deputy Minister of Economic Development Oksana Tarasenko.[38]

Published Russian concept of AI regulation, more detailed than European

On August 26, the official Internet portal of legal information posted the concept of regulating AI and robotics technologies approved by the government until 2024 (download in PDF format). It was created within the framework of the federal project "Regulatory Regulation of the Digital Environment" of the national program "Digital Economy."

The document was developed by the Ministry of Economic Development together with the Digital Economy ANO, the Skolkovo Foundation, Sberbank, MTS, the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation, the National Association of Robotics Market Participants, the Center for Strategic Research, Yandex, VK (formerly Mail.ru Group) and representatives of other organizations.

The concept defines the main approaches to the transformation of the regulatory system in Russia for the development of AI technologies and robotics in various spheres of the economy, while, as the developers say, in compliance with the rights of citizens and ensuring the safety of the individual, society and the state.

Sberbank says that the document puts the center of attention of the human regulator, its rights, interests, security and well-being: "Unlike a number of foreign initiatives, the document does not even raise the question of giving robots or AI carriers any rights." The development of technologies should always be for the benefit of citizens and remain under full human control, Sberbank said in a statement ^[39] for the ^[40]

Among the analogues of the Russian concept, one can name only the "White Book on Artificial Intelligence - a European Approach to Excellence and Trust," adopted by the European Commission in 2020. But even in comparison with it, our document turned out to be more detailed - it takes into account a significantly larger number of aspects of the development of AI and RT, - said Andrey Neznamov, executive director of the Data Research Center for State Bodies of Sberbank, co-developer of the concept.

The creators of the document expect that regulation in the field of AI should contribute to accelerating economic growth and competitiveness of the national economy, improving the well-being and quality of life of citizens, ensuring national security and law and order, and achieving Russia's leading positions in the world in the field of AI.

The concept consists of 5 sense blocks:

• general provisions (objectives of the concept, objectives and objectives of regulation, principles of regulation and problems, as well as directions of regulation);
• industry-wide issues: data circulation, legal responsibility in the case of the use of AI and RT systems, export of AI and RT systems, insurance institutions, security (including information), terms and definitions in the field of AI and RT, development of international documents in the field of AI and RT;
• industry directions for improving the regulation of the use of AI and RT technologies, such as medicine, industry, transport, state and municipal administration, urban planning, space activities and financial legislation;
• regulatory measures to financially stimulate the development of the industry, including the mechanism of public-private partnership;
• mechanisms for the implementation of the concept, contributing to the creation of a comfortable regulatory environment for the development of AI and RT.

The concept calls the main tasks of regulating the spheres of AI and robotics:

• creation of mechanisms for simplified introduction of products using AI and RT technologies;
• establishment of legal responsibility when using AI and RT systems, development of insurance institutions;
• improving the data circulation regime;
• establishment of a national system of technical regulation and conformity assessment;
• development of a set of measures to stimulate the development of technologies.

The concept determines that the development of AI technologies and robotics should be based on basic ethical norms and provide for the priority of the safety and well-being of a person, the protection of his "fundamental rights and freedoms." What the authors mean by basic ethical norms, fundamental rights and freedoms in the document, however, does not stand for.

Given the priority of a person, the document provides for a path for the development of technologies that would exclude the so-called uprising of machines: there should be a ban on causing harm to a person on the initiative of AI systems and robotics.

As a general rule, it is necessary to limit the development, circulation and use of artificial intelligence and robotics systems capable of purposefully causing harm to humans on their own initiative, the concept says.

The most significant issues of the use of AI systems and robotics in the context of civil law, the authors of the document call issues of civil liability for harm caused by such systems. The real level of development of these technologies does not imply drastic changes in the regulation of the institution of legal responsibility, but it requires gradual refinement of its individual elements, the concept developers believe.

Further elaboration of the mechanisms of grazhdansko­pravovoy, criminal and administrative responsibility in the event of harm to AI and robotics systems with a high degree of autonomy is required when making decisions, including in terms of determining the persons who will be responsible for their actions.

Improvements are also required, if necessary, to mechanisms of guilt-free civil liability, as well as the possibility of using methods to compensate for the harm caused by the actions of AI systems and robotics. These can be, for example, liability insurance, the creation of compensation funds, etc.

The increase in the amount of available data and the development of ICT infrastructure for access to data are one of the main factors in the development of AI technologies, the authors of the concept state. Taking into account the task of improving the availability and quality of data, adaptation of the legislation of the Russian Federation is required.

And it is necessary to expand the practice of disclosing data contained in the information resources of public sector bodies and organizations, as well as in information resources created to implement the powers of government agencies (state data). A regulatory expansion of the list and types of open specified data is required for their use by developers in the field of AI and the consolidation of the relevant powers of government agencies.

A separate item highlights the need to develop and clarify terms and definitions in the field of AI and robotics. The lack of an unambiguous understanding of the content of the terms "artificial intelligence," "robot," "smart robot," "robotics," "intelligent agent" leads to terminological problems in the formation of regulation.

The nine pages of the document describe industry directions for improving the regulation of the use of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies. Such areas as health protection of citizens, public administration, transport, urban planning activities, etc., are affected here.

The topic of technology export is also touched upon in the concept. In order to develop Russian developments of AI and robotics, it is necessary to form a favorable regime for their export, the creators of the document note. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid the formation of a "double circuit" of regulation, in which Russian developers will be forced to invest in the development of such products separately for the Russian market and international markets.

The consequence of the implementation of the concept should be the development and adoption by 2024 of regulatory legal acts in the field of artificial intelligence and robotics, creating a comfortable regulatory environment for their development, the authors of the document write.

Each department in the Russian Federation was forced to create road maps for the introduction of AI

At the end of August 2020, it became known that each department in Russia will have to create road maps for the introduction of artificial intelligence. AI events will be included in national and federal projects, departmental programs of digital transformation, said Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, whose words are quoted on the website of the Cabinet.

It also states that the development of plans for relevant measures will be carried out by the leaders of the digital transformation (RCT) of federal executive bodies.

Chernyshenko said that the government will provide measures to support domestic technologies and stimulate the introduction of AI in companies. In particular, we are talking about financing pilot implementations of domestic solutions and supporting startups in the early stages.

At the same time, health care, agriculture, transport and industry will be considered as priority areas.

Dmitry Chernyshenko took part in a strategic session on artificial intelligence for leaders of the digital transformation of federal executive bodies. The session was held on the site of the Sberbank Corporate University, the head of the Ministry of Communications Maksut Shadayev and the President of Sberbank German Gref also participated in it. During the event, civil servants were trained in the possibilities of using AI technologies, and after training they will begin to develop road maps for the implementation of such solutions in the activities of their departments and priority industries and the social sphere.

By the end of August 2020, the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" is undergoing the final stage of approval. It will become the basis of the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence, which Russia adopted in 2019.^[41]

The Government of the Russian Federation approved the concept of regulating artificial intelligence

On August 24, 2020, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin announced the approval by the Government of the Russian Federation of the concept of regulating artificial intelligence and robotics (RT) until 2024.

According to Mishustin, the document defines the principles on the basis of which regulatory activities will be improved in the future in order to create favorable conditions for the development of artificial intelligence and robotics and exclude existing barriers in medicine, space and other areas.

The use of modern solutions will bring industries to a new, higher level... It is important that all innovations will be adopted taking into account the fact that artificial intelligence and robotics technologies should be safe for people and work exclusively for human well-being, this is a key position of the concept, - said the Prime Minister at an operational meeting with his deputies, which took place on August 24, 2020.

Mishustin adding that financial incentives and several support measures are provided for developers of AI and robotic technologies. It is planned to strengthen these initiatives, as well as develop public-private partnerships, "the head of government emphasized^[42]

The concept consists of 5 sense blocks:

• general provisions (objectives of the Concept, objectives and objectives of regulation, principles of regulation and problems, as well as directions of regulation);
• industry-wide issues: data circulation, legal responsibility in the case of the use of AI and RT systems, export of AI and RT systems, insurance institutions, security (including information), terms and definitions in the field of AI and RT, development of international documents in the field of AI and RT;
• industry directions for improving the regulation of the use of AI and RT technologies, such as medicine, industry, transport, state and municipal administration, urban planning, space activities and financial legislation;
• regulatory measures to financially stimulate the development of the industry, including the mechanism of public-private partnership; * mechanisms for the implementation of the Concept, contributing to the creation of a comfortable regulatory environment for the development of AI and RT.

The federal AI development project is almost ready. Minek proposed to allocate 42 billion rubles for it

On August 18, 2020, the Deputy Minister of Economic Development Oksana Tarasenko sent a letter to the federal authorities with the attached draft federal project Artificial intelligence"," as well as a financial and economic justification for it. They were developed Ministry of Economic Development jointly with and, Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Sberbank performing the functions of the competence center for the federal project, follows from the letter of the deputy minister. TAdviser got acquainted with the letter and the attached draft sent to government agencies.

Tarasenko asked officials to agree on these documents within three days due to the fact that earlier the president Russia instructed the government to take comprehensive measures by August 31, 2020 to approve a separate federal project "Artificial Intelligence," providing the necessary funding.

According to the instruction, funding can be attracted, including from the federal budget funds provided for the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation."

The project in the financial support section provides the total envisaged amount of financing until 2024 in the amount of about 42.2 billion rubles, of which 32.7 billion rubles are federal budget funds. The rest falls on extrabudgetary sources.

This amount turned out to be lower than the one that was initially announced when it was proposed to allocate 125 billion rubles for the implementation of the project, but higher than was provided for in the letter of the deputy head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Maxim Parshin to the federal executive authorities on August 13, about which the Kommersant newspaper wrote (more details in the block below). It referred to 27.7 billion rubles until 2024, of which 22.4 billion rubles were from the federal budget.

According to the updated project, the most costly areas should be the support by the Skolkovo Foundation of pilot projects for testing AI technologies in industries, as well as the development of competitive niche hardware and software systems for AI purposes. For these purposes, according to the developers of the document, 10.26 billion rubles and 10.46 billion rubles will be needed, respectively.

Among the largest areas in terms of expenses are also support for research centers in the field of AI, including in the field of "strong" AI and trusted system software in the field of AI. For this, the project collectively provides for 7.3 billion rubles until 2024.

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications cuts the budget for the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" by 4 times

On August 17, 2020, it became known about the decision of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications to cut more than four times the budget for the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." If earlier it was proposed to allocate 125 billion rubles for its implementation by the end of 2024, now we are talking about an amount of 27.7 billion rubles. The planned budget expenditures were reduced from 89.7 to 22.4 billion rubles.

The fact that the budget of the federal AI project was significantly reduced was reported by Kommersant with reference to a letter from the deputy head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Maxim Parshin to the federal executive authorities (FOIV).

It is clarified that similar data are given in the presentation of Sberbank, also responsible for the federal project. It also partially describes the details of budget cuts: we are talking about financing events at the expense of the budgets of other federal projects, as well as combining events.

According to the publication, we are talking primarily about changing the approach to budget formation: 22.4 billion rubles is the "central part" that will be used to cover the costs associated with the development. Other articles will be financed from budgets for the digitalization of other federal projects and federal funds.

The passport of the federal AI project must be approved by August 31, 2020. A Kommersant source close to the Digital Economy AI working group warned that the deadlines could be postponed due to disagreements between the FNIV on certain provisions of the document.

In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, any development budgets are at risk, says Ivan Begtin, director of the Information Culture ANO. According to him, if the economic situation worsens, this and other projects related to the development of technology can go under the knife.

In a situation where many businesses in all regions of the country are forced to go bankrupt, and the unemployment rate is growing, it is logical that the government redirects money to priority needs, believes Svetlana Vronskaya, a representative of Korus Consulting, noting that the commercial sector is already actively introducing AI.^[43]

Rosstat creates an AI system that will analyze data from the cash register and calculate inflation

In August 2020, it became known about plans by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) to use artificial intelligence. The agency proposed the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications to contribute a corresponding project worth 460 million rubles to the national program "Digital Economy." Read more here.

Rosfinmonitoring develops an AI system for analyzing cryptocurrency transactions for 760 million rubles

On August 11, 2020, it became known about the development by Rosfinmonitoring of a system for analyzing cryptocurrency operations using artificial intelligence. The project was called "Transparent Blockchain." The agency proposes to include it in the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." Read more here.

ALRII proposed to expand the list of OKVED codes to simplify access to measures to support AI subjects

ALRIA On August 3, 2020, it announced a speech with a proposal to the Government of the Russian Federation, Rosstat and the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation to expand the list of OKVED codes to simplify access to measures to support the subjects of artificial intelligence development.

ALRI's activities are based on strengthening the material and technical base of laboratories in the field of AI, promoting the implementation of the "National AI Development Strategy," as well as National AI projects.

According to the experts of the Association, in the field of AI and its development there should be a special additional OKVED, which will help the development of companies in the field of AI. ALRY proposes to carry out the classification of OKVED by introducing the main section concerning the development of software and software and hardware systems using AI, as well as subsections related to the types of AI: machine learning, deep learning, machine vision

Why the OKVED codes should be expanded:

• Activities in the field of AI development cover much more areas than the code 62.01p (development) computer software and additional codes that companies choose RUSSIAN FEDERATION to conduct activities in the field of AI.
• The implementation of the initiative will allow for more accurate statistics on achieving the goals of the National AI Development Strategy, and will facilitate access to state support measures and benefits for AI development subjects.
• There are world legislative practices to expand the activities of companies in the field of AI, which are actively supported by thousands of specialists and experts.
• The introduction of an additional OKVED for AI will help in the implementation of the Federal Project "Artificial Intelligence" and the National Project "Digital Economy of Russia" as a whole.

This will facilitate access to support measures for companies engaged in the field of AI, the creation of additional sections will allow the point introduction of tax benefits for different categories of AI development subjects.

Minek introduced the concept of regulation in the field of AI and robots

On July 21, 2020, the Ministry of Economic Development presented the concept of regulation in the field of artificial intelligence and robotics. In this document, the department described the main areas where, first of all, it is necessary to fill and solve the gaps and problems of legal regulation. So far, Russia does not have special legislative regulation that takes into account the specifics of the use of AI and robots.

The concept consists of 5 sense blocks:

• General provisions (objectives of the concept, objectives and objectives of regulation, principles of regulation and problems on general approaches and directions of regulation).

• Data turnover, legal responsibility in case of using AI systems and robots, export of such systems, insurance institutions, security (including information), terms and definitions in the field of AI and robotics, development of international documents.
• Sectoral directions for improving the regulation of the use of technologies, such as medicine, industry, transport, state and municipal administration, urban planning, space activities and financial legislation.
• Regulatory measures to financially stimulate the development of the industry, including for the development of public-private partnership.
• Mechanisms for the implementation of the concept, contributing to the creation of a comfortable regulatory environment for the development of artificial intelligence and robots.

The Ministry of Economic Development also listed "legal barriers" that interfere with the introduction of robotics and AI technologies in various areas. In particular, decisions require issues related to the protection and use of personal data. To do this, you need to improve the legislative database in the field of data, provide developers with secure access, as well as remove restrictions on the circulation and use of this data.^[44]

The Government of the Russian Federation will approve the federal project "Artificial Intelligence"

Until August 31, 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation will approve the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." This became known on June 7, 2020.

The President of Russia approved a list of instructions following a meeting held on June 10, 2020 on the development of information and communication technologies and communications.

In particular, the Cabinet of Ministers should take measures to approve a separate federal project "Artificial Intelligence," providing the necessary funding, including from those provided for the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of Russia."

Also, by August 3, 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation should ensure non-discriminatory access of telecom operators to the infrastructure of apartment buildings for the placement of networks, as well as work out the issues of "including in the construction norms and rules the conditions for the mandatory equipment of apartment buildings under construction, reconstructed or subject to overhaul with modern broadband access to the network."

In addition, the State Duma of the Russian Federation is recommended by July 26, 2020 to adopt a federal law "On experimental legal regimes in the field of digital innovation in the Russian Federation."^[45], the Government of the ^[46]

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications decided to integrate Artificial Intelligence with another project. Business vs.

On July 3, 2020, it became known about the intention of the Ministry of Communications to combine the federal projects "Artificial Intelligence" and "Digital Technologies." This idea was criticized in the profile working group of the ANO "Digital Economy": business believes that the agency's initiative will lead to budget cuts for the AI project and interfere with the development of artificial intelligence in the country.

According to Kommersant, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications proposes to rename the projects into AI and Digital Technologies and add new targets (the current edition already includes, for example, the directions of big data, quantum technologies and wireless communications).

Those responsible for the "roadmap" for the development of AI Sberbank and the Ministry of Economic Development opposed, arguing that a separate federal project has already been developed for AI.

Measures to implement the AI project will require significant funds, while the overall budget of Digital Technologies will remain the same, which will probably lead to the fact that other events may be underfunded, "a source who participated in a meeting of the working group on the development of artificial intelligence at ANO" Digital Economy.

The development of AI requires a wider range of tools than the Digital Technologies project includes, while there is already a separate federal project for the development of AI, said Sergey Nakvasin, director of Digital Technologies at ANO Digital Economy.

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications explained to the newspaper that by the beginning of July 2020, the federal project of AI is being integrated into the national program "Digital Economy," its connection with other projects is necessary.

The government is looking for ways to accelerate the development of AI, since in this situation this technology should become as basic as the Internet or cellular communications, says Anton Shulga, partner of the financial consulting department at Deloitte.^[47]

5-year project to create conditions for the development and implementation of AI launched in Moscow

On July 1, 2020, an experimental legal regime in the field of artificial intelligence came into force in Moscow. He assumes that within five years, the capital's developers will open a regulatory sandbox to work with AI projects, simplifying the procedure for working with personal data.

The main goal is to create the necessary conditions for the development and implementation of AI technologies, as well as the subsequent use of the results of its application. A participant in the experimental legal regime may be a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur entered in a special register upon application to an authorized body determined by the Moscow mayor's office.

It is separately stipulated that the provisions of Moscow regulatory legal acts establishing the conditions of the experimental legal regime cannot exclude, change or conflict with the provisions of federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation related in accordance with the Constitution to the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation or the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the regions.

The law deals, among other things, with access to photo and video surveillance data, the use of personal data obtained as a result of depersonalization. The document notes that to destroy personal data obtained as a result of depersonalization, "the information protection means that have passed the procedure for assessing the compliance of the information protection means, which include the information destruction function, are used in accordance with the established procedure."

By the beginning of July 2020, the State Duma is considering a bill on the so-called "legal sandboxes" and the procedure for introducing experimental regimes - already for all regions of the country.

To implement three of them, legal barriers have already been eliminated, these services operate in the financial market. For two more services, amendments to the draft federal law "On Digital Financial Assets" were agreed (adopted by the State Duma in the first reading in May 2018, still under consideration), which will allow the introduction of services in the financial market after the adoption of the law. Some services are awaiting a decision by the Bank of Russia on the feasibility of their implementation.^[48]

Moscow has created a knowledge base with projects in the field of artificial intelligence

At the end of February 2020, Moscow launched a knowledge base with projects in the field of artificial intelligence. It includes Russian and international practices that are selected together with analysts from the Smart City Lab of the Moscow Department of Information Technologies (DIT). Read more here.

Moscow will introduce a new legal regime for the development of artificial intelligence

On February 7, 2020, it became known about the introduction of a new legal regime for the development of artificial intelligence in Moscow from July 1. For this, a corresponding bill was developed.

According to the explanatory note, the document was developed in pursuance of the message of President Vladimir Putin to the Federal Assembly "to ensure the creation of its own standards and the development of technologies that determine the future, in particular artificial intelligence technologies."

According to the authors of the bill, its adoption will stimulate the introduction, development and use of artificial intelligence technologies, as well as identify which changes in the legal regime will allow to the greatest extent to achieve the solution of the tasks set by the president in the field of artificial intelligence.

To establish an experimental legal regime in Moscow, the bill proposes to endow the highest executive body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation - a city of federal significance of Moscow with the authority to determine the conditions on the territory of the city of Moscow, requirements and procedure for the development, creation, implementation and implementation of individual artificial intelligence technologies, cases and procedure for using the results of the use of artificial intelligence, the procedure and conditions for the participants to process the experimental legal regime of impersonal personal data, etc.

Companies included in a special register will be able to participate in the experiment. This should be a legal entity or individual entrepreneurs registered in Moscow and participating in the development or circulation of artificial intelligence technologies, as well as goods and services made on its basis.

According to RBC, interest in participating in the experiment was previously shown by Kaspersky Lab"," "Yandex and residents Skolkovo."^[49]

2019

The Ministry of Communications wanted more powers in the AI development project for 125 billion rubles

On January 14, 2020, it became known about the desire of the Ministry of Communications to expand its powers to oversee the federal project "Artificial Intelligence." The deputy head of the department, Yevgeny Kislyakov, sent a letter to the Ministry of Economic Development, in which he said that the areas of providing financial support to customers and developers of solutions based on AI, as well as increasing the availability and quality of data necessary for the development of technology, should be transferred to the area of ​ ​ responsibility of the Ministry of Communications.

According to Kommersant, initially the Ministry of Communications and Sberbank were responsible for the development of the Artificial Intelligence project. But in September 2019, Deputy Prime Minister Maxim Akimov approved the decision to change the supervising ministry to the Ministry of Economic Development. According to the publication, the head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications Konstantin Noskov himself proposed to transfer the project, the development of which is planned to spend about 125 billion rubles.

The press service of the Ministry of Economic Development told the publication that the project was agreed upon taking into account the comments following the first meeting of the subcommittee on the development of artificial intelligence under the government commission on digital development on December 2, 2019. In February 2020, it is planned to submit it to the presidium of the government commission.

Natalya Kasperskaya, President of the InfoWatch Group of Companies, sees the logical transfer of financial support for customers and developers of solutions based on artificial intelligence to the Ministry of Communications, because, according to her, this is a technical ministry that "is responsible for communication and figure, and AI is still about figure."

The representative of Deputy Prime Minister Akimov, Sergei Izvolsky, told the publication that by mid-January 2020, the Ministry of Economic Development is finalizing the project, and the exact amount of funding has not yet been determined.^[50]

The Ministry of Economic Development is creating a department of artificial intelligence. Director - a native of Rosatom

Ministry of Economic Development A department for strategic development and innovation will be created on the basis of the Department of Strategic Development artificial intelligence and Innovation, the Interfax agency reported, citing the deputy head of the department Oksana Tarasenko^[51] a^[52] of^[53]

The new structure has already been headed by Pavel Khristenko a previously working in the FSUE, VNIIA which is part of "." Rosatom He announced the start of work at the Ministry of Economic Development earlier that month on his page on the social network. Facebook

The department will be completely reformatted, it will have "only topical topics," the deputy minister quoted Interfax as saying.

AI issues were transferred to the Ministry of Economic Development from the Ministry of Communications, which oversees the direction of development of end-to-end technologies within the framework of the Digital Economy national program. Tarasenko noted that at first AI was also considered "end-to-end digital technology."

However, the influence and importance of artificial intelligence on the economic development of Russia, as well as the prospects of technology, led to the need to replace the responsible body - the goals of the federal project are more correlated with the goals and objectives of the Ministry of Economic Development, the deputy minister quotes Interfax.

Recall that in October 2019, President Vladimir Putin approved the national strategy for the development of AI until 2030. And in early December, under the chairmanship of the Minister of Economic Development Maxim Oreshkin and the head of Sberbank German Gref, the first meeting of the subcommittee on the development of artificial intelligence established in November was held. According to its results, the text of the passport of the federal project for the development of AI prepared by the Ministry of Economic Development was approved.

"Element," NTC "Module" and "Hi-Tech" will be engaged in the development of AI technologies in Russia

On December 13, 2019, the Element company informed TAdviser that it had agreed with the STC Module and the Hi-Tech group of companies on joint actions to create hardware platforms and solutions in the field of artificial intelligence technologies (AI) in Russia. Read more here.

Russian AI companies will unite in an alliance

Russian companies specializing in the creation of artificial intelligence technologies will create an alliance. This was stated in a conversation with RIA Novosti by First Deputy Chairman of the Board of Sberbank Alexander Vedyakhin on the eve of the AI Journey conference, which will be held in Moscow from November 8 to 9, 2019.

Now a huge number of companies and individuals are engaged in artificial intelligence. In accordance with the agreement, an alliance or consortium of major companies that develop artificial intelligence will be created, he said, adding that this issue will be discussed at AI Journey.

Vedyakhin recalled that by November 7, 2019, work continues on a federal project, which should be presented to Russian President Vladimir Putin by December 15.

By this time, the Government of the Russian Federation must approve the federal project "Artificial Intelligence," which will be financed both from state and private sources.

This is a lot of work, many countries have gone a similar way in a few years, but it took us a little more than six months. We are working together with the government and our task is very ambitious, we are doing everything possible to fulfill everything on time, "said the first deputy chairman of the board of the largest Russian bank.

Earlier in 2019, Sberbank signed an agreement of intent with the Russian government to develop AI technology. Later, the head of the bank, German Gref, said that the agreement set a goal to ensure the country's entry into the leaders in the development of this technology.

Experts see funding as a key obstacle to the implementation of this goal, Deutsche Welle reports. Gerit Schulze, an expert on Russia at the German Society for Foreign Economic Relations and Analysis of Foreign Markets Germany Trade and Invest (GTAI), believes that the Russian Federation will only be able to approach the level of leaders, but compete with China and the United States, which invest much more resources in the development of AI, is unlikely to succeed.^[54]

Strategy for the development of artificial intelligence approved by Putin published

On October 11, 2019, the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence for the period up to 2030 and the presidential decree Russia Vladimir Putin approving this strategy were published on the legal information portal^[55] of the^[56]

According to the decree, the strategy was approved in order to ensure the accelerated development of artificial intelligence in the Russian Federation, conduct scientific research in the field of artificial intelligence, increase the availability of information and computing resources for users, and improve the training system in this area.

By the same decree, the President instructed the Government to ensure amendments to the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" by December 15, 2019, including the development and approval of the federal project "Artificial Intelligence."

In addition, the Government will have to annually submit to the President a report on the implementation of the National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence for the period up to 2030, as well as provide for budgetary allocations for the implementation of the strategy in the formation of federal budget projects for the next fiscal year in 2020-2030.

The National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence defines the goals and main objectives of the development of AI in the Russian Federation, as well as measures aimed at its use in order to ensure national interests and the implementation of strategic national priorities, including in the field of scientific and technological development.

The strategy is the basis for the development (adjustment) of federal and regional state programs, projects, planned and program-targeted documents of state corporations, state-owned companies, joint-stock companies with state participation.

The full text of the strategy of the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence can be found at the link.

The Ministry of Economic Development can become the AI regulator in Russia instead of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media

The federal project artificial intelligence on (AI), which will become the seventh direction of the national program, "Digital Economy" will be supervised. Ministry of Economic Development This was reported on October 4 by the Kommersant newspaper with reference to the minutes of the meeting with the Deputy Prime Minister, Maxim Akimov which took place in early September^[57]this meeting, it was decided to transfer the project to the Ministry of Economic Development, and not, Ministry of Digital Development which was preparing a draft strategy for the development of AI together with. Sberbank

Formally, the decision should be fixed at the stage of approval of the project - December 15, follows from the protocol of the event, writes Kommersant. This date was also proposed by the economic department, and the previous one - October 15 - was declared unrealistic.

The Ministry of Economic Development is already in charge of two of the six current federal projects of the digital national program - personnel and regulatory regulation. The other four federal projects are overseen by the Ministry of Digital Development.

According to the newspaper, the AI project will be dealt with by Deputy Minister of Economy Oksana Tarasenko, who oversees corporate governance and, together with Deputy Minister Ilya Torosov, the Department of Strategic Development and Innovation. One of the areas of her work will be the creation of an experimental platform for projects in the field of AI in Moscow with the participation of the mayor's office and Sberbank. Tarasenko already has experience in the field of innovation in Moscow - she oversees the creation of the first technological valley on the basis of Moscow State University.

It is assumed that the participants in the experiment, designed for 5 years, will receive preferential legal treatment and access to an array of impersonal data for projects in the field of transport, medicine and facial recognition.

The Ministry of Economic Development also proposes to amend the draft strategy for the development of AI, linking it with other strategic planning documents - federal and regional projects and the Strategy for the Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation until 2050, as follows from Oksana Tarasenko's speech at a meeting with Akimov, the source said. Kommersant

The deputy minister also took the initiative to consolidate in the document the principle of priority of incomes of the population, according to which the ultimate goal of the introduction of AI should be "to increase the level of incomes of the population based on the growth of labor productivity." This point at the meeting was proposed to be additionally worked out with the presidential state and legal department.

The Ministry of Economic Development believes that the active introduction of AI will lead to an increase in labor productivity "by tens of percent of the current level" and "a decrease in the share of labor costs in the final cost structure," which will contribute to "a further decrease in the role of such a factor of global competitiveness as the deviation of the market exchange rate from the purchasing power parity rate."

Among the goals of AI development, the department proposes to consolidate the "breakthrough increase in investment activity" of companies developing solutions in the field of AI, as well as "in the implementation of such solutions in various areas of socio-economic development." The development of the technologies themselves is supposed to be ensured by attracting "international specialists" to Russian scientific centers, who should be provided with appropriate financial support, all these items should also be included in the strategy.

Putin proposes to introduce artificial intelligence in public administration

On September 10, 2019 Russia Vladimir Putin , at a meeting with the head, the president Sberbank Hermann Gref proposed using the bank's developments in the field artificial intelligence to solve public administration problems.

You have developed a lot for the bank, for the financial system, so you just need to adapt these your developments to the larger tasks facing the country as a whole, for certain industries, for public administration. You and I have spoken about this many times. It is only necessary to do this as soon as possible, - said Vladimir Putin. The transcript of the meeting was published on the Kremlin website.

Gref replied that Sberbank created two divisions to implement such projects: one works with regional projects, the other with federal ones.

German Gref also reported on Sberbank's developments that could be applied in the field of education. The existing education system, according to the head of the company, needs to be reformed.

Gref emphasized the success of schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence.

For three years we actively tried to cultivate this topic in the regions, created special programs, involved, trained teachers, and now it is becoming an important movement. Moreover, children are very quickly mastering, - he said.

According to Gref, Sberbank sees the enormous potential for using artificial intelligence systems almost everywhere: increasing labor productivity, increasing transparency and speed of service provision, including public services.

Earlier in 2019, RBC, citing a source familiar with the implementation of the Digital Economy national program, wrote that the head of state is exploring the possibility of introducing artificial intelligence into the Russian economy, public administration, banks, industry and agriculture.^[58]

Artificial intelligence training programs launched in 100 Russian universities

On September 2, 2019, it became known about the launch of training programs for artificial intelligence technologies in 100 universities in Russia. The initiative is free for students, teachers will be able to participate in offline events. In addition, separate work will be carried out with researchers.

In a conversation with RIA Novosti, the general director of the University 20.35 Vasily Tretyakov said that each specialist should have the skills to work with artificial intelligence technologies, since "this will allow him to become successful and effective in his field of activity."

Regardless of whether he will be a builder, linguist or artist. The task of the project is to give all students and employees of universities an understanding of how artificial intelligence changes the field of activity and what solutions based on artificial intelligence can be created, he said.

Among the universities in which AI training programs have been launched are:

• Moscow Aviation Institute;
• Moscow Polytechnic University (Mospolitech);
• Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT);
• National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky;
• National Research Technological University "MISiS";
• National Research University Graduate School of Economics;
• National Research Nuclear University MEPhI.

Vice-Rector of the Higher School of Economics Sergei Roshchin told RIA Novosti that the university has long been involved in the mass formation of digital and data skills among students, which are the basis of artificial intelligence technologies.

In August 2019, it became known that Russia is creating a service based on artificial intelligence, which will be used to identify students with low academic performance, and in the future - to determine candidates for expulsion. According to its developers, the use of high technologies will help get rid of the shortcomings of the human factor in solving this issue.^[59]

Putin's instructions for the development of artificial intelligence technologies

On June 13, 2019, the Russian government published a list of instructions approved by President Vladimir Putin following a meeting on the development of artificial intelligence technologies held at the end of May (more about the meeting itself - in the block below).

First, the Ministry of Digital Development, together with Sberbank, Gazprom Neft and the management company of the Russian Direct Investment Fund, should ensure that the expert community considers the draft national strategy for the development of technologies in the field of AI. The heads of these organizations are appointed responsible for its implementation. They must submit a report on the work done by June 20.

After that, according to the second instruction, the government must agree with the interested bodies on a draft national strategy for the development of technologies in the field of AI, after which it should be submitted for consideration and prepare a draft presidential decree approving this strategy. The head of government Dmitry Medvedev is responsible for the execution of the order, and the deadline for execution is set for June 30.

The second order also prescribes to conclude an agreement of intent between the Russian Federation and interested state corporations and companies with state participation, including Sberbank, Rosatom, Rostec, Rostelecom and Russian Railways, in order to develop certain high-tech areas. This must also be done before June 30, and Medvedev and the heads of these organizations are responsible for execution.

After that, a federal project to implement a national strategy for the development of AI technologies with an action plan designed for a 3-year period will have to be approved within the framework of the Digital Economy national program. This must be done before October 31, 2019, and Medvedev will report on the results.

Finally, within the framework of the fifth order, until November 30, 2019, it is necessary to consider the issue of creating a territory in Moscow where an experimental legal regime is established and the necessary conditions are created for the development and introduction of AI technologies. This must be done together with the Moscow government and Sberbank. If necessary, it is necessary to submit proposals for amending the relevant regulatory legal acts. Medvedev, Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin and Sberbank head German Gref are responsible for this part.

Meeting on artificial intelligence at Putin. Main thing

On May 30, 2019, Vladimir Putin held a meeting on the development of technologies in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The meeting took place during a visit to School 21, an educational organization established by Sberbank to train specialists in the field of information technology.

Monopoly in the field of artificial intelligence will become the ruler of the world

As the president noted, artificial intelligence technologies are one of the key areas of technological development that determine and will determine the future of the whole world. Artificial intelligence mechanisms provide in real time rapid adoption of optimal decisions based on the analysis of gigantic amounts of information, the so-called "big data," which gives tremendous advantages in quality and performance. Such developments have no analogues in history in their influence on the economy and on labor productivity, on the efficiency of management, education, health care and on the daily life of people.

At the same time, the struggle for technological leadership, primarily in the field of artificial intelligence, the president noted, has already become a field of global competition.

The speed of creating new products and solutions is growing exponentially. I have already said and I want to repeat once again: if someone can provide a monopoly in the field of artificial intelligence - well, the consequences are clear to us all - he will become the ruler of the world, he said.

In his opinion, it is no coincidence that many developed countries of the world have already adopted their action plans for the development of such technologies. And Russia must ensure technological sovereignty in the field of artificial intelligence.

This is the most important condition for the viability of our business and economy, the quality of life of Russian citizens, security, in the end, and the defense capability of the state. Moreover, here we are talking not only about algorithms for individual, highly specialized problems. We need universal solutions, the use of which gives maximum effect, and in any industry, "said Vladimir Putin.

Reliance on knowledge and infrastructure

To solve such an ambitious project in the field of artificial intelligence technologies, the country has good starting conditions and serious competitive advantages, the president is sure. In Russia, one of the highest global indicators of penetration of mobile communications and the Internet, the development of electronic services. The cost of access to the network in Russia is one of the lowest in the world. There is a reliance on traditionally strong scientific and educational schools in mathematics and physics, on a competitive system for training specialists in the field of IT.

He also recalled that students from Russia won the World Programming Championship for the eighth year in a row. This year it is a team from Moscow State University.

Strong scientific and applied competencies have already made it possible to create original and, most importantly, commercially successful world-class domestic developments, including in such areas as computer vision and voice recognition - just now we have seen this, colleagues showed us, as well as cybersecurity. For five years, we need to take a leading position in these areas, "Putin said.

Four Strategy Priorities

Further, the president outlined the main priorities of the developed National Strategy for the Development of Technologies in the Field of Artificial Intelligence.

The first. This is the creation of fundamentally new fundamental groundwork, mathematical methods, the principles of artificial intelligence, including by analogy with the human brain. Russia should become one of the key platforms for solving the most difficult scientific problems with the participation of scientists from all over the world. This work can also take place within the framework of international mathematical centers. Next year, I remind you, they will be opened in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sochi. Actually, they will complement what we already have. It is also necessary to multiply funding for research in the field of artificial intelligence, create incentives for private investment and the development of corporate science, research and development. And we also have to discuss this topic separately.

Second. We need to build up our personnel, intellectual potential, preserve our talents and attract the best specialists from all over the world. By the way, today we have a lot of people working in this area, but much less than in countries that are trying to secure leadership. In order to provide this leadership, it is necessary to develop training programs in the areas of artificial intelligence in universities and colleges, including in the regions. It is also important to offer effective mechanisms of material incentives, convenient working conditions, including remote employment - both for our programmers, engineers and scientists, and for leading specialists working abroad, among whom, as we know, there are many of our compatriots who gladly return to Russia and work together with their colleagues in Russia. And of course, if necessary, you should quickly, without delay, resolve issues of granting citizenship, work permits, and solve other formalities.

Third. It is fundamentally important to set up our legislation for a new technological reality, to form as quickly and qualitatively as possible a flexible, adequate legal framework for the development and use of application solutions based on artificial intelligence, as well as special regimes for private investment in the creation of breakthrough solutions and, of course, to guarantee reliable protection of intellectual property, legal conditions for registration patents in the national jurisdiction of Russia. I repeat once again, it is important to remove legislative, administrative barriers to technological innovation, while ensuring the security of the state and society, unconditional observance of the rights of citizens. There's a lot to work on here too.

Fourth. It is necessary to form an effective legal regulation of data circulation, an advanced infrastructure for their processing and storage, as well as offer weighted solutions that will allow using data to create artificial intelligence algorithms. And, finally, the most important issue is the readiness of society, citizens for the widespread introduction of such technologies. It is necessary to provide broad digital education, launch retraining programs, primarily in popular areas.

Sberbank President German Gref - on the key elements and goals of the artificial intelligence strategy

All this was done, of course, under the auspices of Deputy Prime Minister of the Government Maxim Alekseyevich Akimov. Many thanks to Andrei Ramovich Belousov, who invested a lot personally in these topics, - said Gref.

According to him, it was a very big job, because not only the document itself called "strategy" was developed, but also a "roadmap."

In general, today we have two draft documents that can be considered a holistic document, which is subject only to approval, "he said.

The head of Sberbank noted that the word "technology" changes everything in life.

If you ask what is the most important word that changes politics, the life of the company, the life of every person, the answer will be simple - this is, of course, the word "technology." And if we talk about artificial intelligence, they say that artificial intelligence today is a switch on bringing all technologies to a new level without exception. There is not a single technology, there is not a single science that today does not acquire fundamentally new opportunities in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. And in 2017, the general race for leadership, national leadership in the field of artificial intelligence, began, "he explained.

Strategies for the development of artificial intelligence abroad

Gref recalled that in 2017 already five countries adopted the National Strategy of Artificial Intelligence, and during 2018-2019 there were already 30 of them.

And in this sense, if this document is approved in the near future, we will be one of 30 countries that have built clear "road maps" and said that this is a priority in their activities, he added.

As the head of Sberbank noted, universal goals are set in the strategy of two countries: the United States of America and China. Both countries have set a goal for themselves, one is to maintain leadership in the field of artificial intelligence, the other is to become a leader by 2030. In other countries, they set themselves the task of becoming leaders, becoming one of the leaders in the development of technology, or becoming leaders in some of the areas in the field of artificial intelligence.

{{quote 'We talk about artificial intelligence as the future all the time, but this is the technology that actually governs our lives today. It does not always control obviously, we do not always realize this, but today we are paving the way in the car using artificial intelligence systems, we buy goods and services using recommendation systems in the field of artificial intelligence. We read books, we read news, we watch movies, we watch videos, we manage money, we translate texts. Our phone is a small artificial intelligence factory. All games today use certain elements of artificial intelligence. And soon there will be no industry around us, ranging from the public administration industry, which would be devoid of certain artificial intelligence technologies. According to the European Union, the industries that will introduce artificial intelligence will grow at an average rate of 9-12 percent per year - this is three to four times faster than the rest of GDP. Indeed, artificial intelligence provides completely new opportunities in solving almost any problem, "said German Gref.}}

5 elements of artificial intelligence

According to Gref, as part of the development of the strategy, enough time was spent to define "artificial intelligence."

It is very often debated whether this can be called "artificial intelligence" or it is "machine intelligence," or it is a "machine learning system." But we left the definition of "artificial intelligence," and inside we loaded five such elements, "he explained.

The elements of AI included - computer vision, natural language processing, speech synthesis recognition, recommendation systems and decision-making systems, and separately as a direction - prospective methods and promising technologies of artificial intelligence, primarily the so-called ML technologies, automated machine learning technologies.

The developers of the strategy, according to him, tried to go through each of these elements and determine the areas in which the directions of artificial intelligence could be applied: in industry, in agriculture, in transport, in public services, in justice.

By the way, our judicial system, arbitration courts, general practice courts and world courts already have very good experience. Last year, they began to actively introduce artificial intelligence. I think it will all be visible to all users and citizens in the near future. Procedures are accelerated, accuracy in making decisions and their transparency is increased. This applies to almost each of the departments, each of the areas that we analyzed, - explained Gref.

Key objectives of the strategy

The head of Sberbank said that as part of the strategy, the task was set to enter Russia among the leaders in the field of artificial intelligence in the world. Three key objectives were identified:

1. Increasing people's well-being and quality of life.
2. Incentives for economic growth.
3. Ensuring national security and policing.

We discussed for a long time how we can come to these goals, which KPIs can be set in each of the directions, and we agreed that we are just the country that can take on fairly ambitious goals, "Gref said.

He recalled that there are only five countries in the world that have such important elements of the digital ecosystem as their own search engine, their own social networks, their own mail based domestically.

Key elements exist in our country, over the past decade they have been created. If we unite our efforts, now is the stage when separately companies will no longer be able to achieve success if we unite our efforts (business, the scientific community and the Government, including the subjects of the Federation), then we can achieve very serious changes, - said the head of Sberbank.

Driving factors for the development of artificial intelligence

In the process of developing the strategy, six driving factors for the development of artificial intelligence were identified and analyzed. These are algorithms and mathematical methods, software, data, data work, data regulation and use, as well as everything related to education and personnel, and regulatory regulation.

Each of these elements is critical in this system. The absence of one of them creates critical risks for the system as a whole, Gref is sure.

In each of these areas, the developers set goals. The head of Sberbank briefly described them.

1. Algorithms and mathematical methods.

We wrote that by 2024 we want to enter the top 10 countries in terms of the number of articles and participation in conferences, and in 2030 we want to enter the top 10 countries in terms of average citation. A whole set of support measures is spelled out there, research centers, laboratories should be created, special financial long-term support for researchers should be organized, special computing resources should be created, because artificial intelligence requires its supercomputer capacity. This is a special chip, this is special equipment, quite expensive. Here you will probably have to join forces, because every company definitely does not need to have its own supercomputer center. This should be the principle of building, maybe one or two centers, which almost all participants can use, and 24-hour use of it can provide this

2. Development of software and technological solutions.

We have also set quite ambitious and clear goals here. They said that we want to develop solutions that can ensure superiority over a person in special tasks. And by 2030, we must ensure human superiority in a wide range of tasks. In general, today the key goal of all AI developers is to build the so-called general intelligence, general artificial intelligence or super-universal, or super-powerful computer intelligence, which can solve any problems. We have not yet outlined these goals in the strategy, probably this is the next stage, the next strategy. We will approach him one way or another. Nevertheless, we will need to create the entire technological apparatus ourselves. And here, too, support measures are written, which specifically must be done in order for this second goal to be solved.

3. Data storage, collection and processing.

Support measures and goals are also indicated here. We want to create an online platform with impersonal government data and data from companies to which companies - developers of artificial intelligence systems - will have access.

4. Development of specialized hardware.

This is probably the most difficult point in our strategy. We see that we do not yet have the necessary groundwork here, because this is not just hardware, specialized hardware, these are specialized chipsets. Two problems need to be solved - this is the creation of its own architectural capacities that can create the architecture of the corresponding chipsets. And, accordingly, a specialized production site that can produce them. This is the area that we will need to solve together with industrialists, in particular, with the Russian Technologies company and with other private companies. Here we also prescribed what needs to be done. Let's hope that with the help of, perhaps, including, international cooperation, we will cope with this task.

5. Training.

We said that we want to enter the top 10 countries for educational programs in the field of artificial intelligence by 2024. And by 2030, eliminate the shortage of specialists in the field of artificial intelligence. Today we have about 6-6.5 thousand people in this area in the country, I can say that only the artificial intelligence laboratories of Microsoft alone today number more than 6.5 thousand people, and 10 thousand people work with the Alexa assistant at Amazon. Therefore, here we have a lot to do, together with the state, probably, there is also a lot of work here so that companies take part in this.

6. Regulatory regulation

We already have experience in the world, we have experience in adopting the so-called GDPR directive in Europe, in the European Union, which has actually stopped the development of artificial intelligence, has signs of re-regulation of this area. Today, all companies are trying to carry their research centers from Europe, because fines are tied to the turnover of companies, fines of up to 10% of the turnover of companies no one wants to experience on themselves, the power of this regulation, so it is easier to create centers somewhere outside the European Union. Therefore, it is important to go between the two extremes, not to leave this sphere unsettled, on the other hand, still create opportunities for it to maintain the dynamics of its development.

Investments

Artificial intelligence, Gref said, is a big investment. If you look at national strategies, then each country actually decided to invest at least $1 billion a year. Some countries invest at a rate of $5 to $10 billion from the state budget per year in this technology. Such experimental sites are very important here, the connection between science, universities, business and, of course, the state and constituent entities of the Federation is important.

We need experimental sites. We would ask you (Vladimir Putin, - approx. TAdviser), maybe to look, think about a special status for the subject of the Federation, for Moscow, so that in Moscow you can experiment in the field of using artificial intelligence systems, work out technologies, which is actually now in fact and is happening, because Moscow is very actively engaged in this. A big team in Moscow works, and they invest a lot in it. Sergei Semenovich (Sobyanin, - approx. TAdviser) is ready to transfer all decisions that are being developed in Moscow to the subjects of the Federation for free. This, it seems to us, is a very good experience if we rolled back on Moscow volumes of data, and here the data, in fact, is collected daily. Huge amounts of data have already been created, all the systems that are necessary for processing data have been created. This would very seriously advance all the subjects of the Federation in general and would lead to the fact that we do not spend a huge amount of money throughout the country. An experimental platform, then several regions in which scaling takes place and, perhaps, the localization of this product, and then rolling out throughout the country.

Deputy Prime Minister Maxim Akimov - on key events for the development of AI and those responsible for high-tech industries

Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Maxim Akimov supplemented the speeches of his colleagues with organizational touches.

And immediately I want to say what we are definitely not going to do - this is another bureaucratic construction. We think that organizational tools have been created within the framework of the national program "Digital Economy." And having concentrated the resources that today for this program are available within the framework of a separate federal project "Artificial Intelligence," we will cope organizationally with the strategic challenges that German Oskarovich spoke about, "he said.

Akimov outlined the events that should be included in the plan for the development of artificial intelligence technologies, estimating its financing within "up to 90 billion rubles in the six-year horizon."

1. Support for research in the field of algorithms and mathematical methods, including support for leading research centers.

According to Akimov, it is necessary to create a favorable ground for the development and replication of technologies, subsidize pilot implementations, because this is a risk with which, probably, private companies can and should share with public entities. Therefore, it is planned to allocate resources to leading companies to create prototypes for the use of artificial intelligence, creating the basis for future implementations.

2. The most diverse dataset

To create high-quality artificial intelligence in any area, the creation of landfills is not enough, the official said. First of all, the most diverse set of data is required, the so-called libraries for all possible situations.

This cannot be replicated in closed conditions. We could really rely on the leading regions, connecting not only financial, technological capabilities, but also opportunities in the field of data turnover, data concentration. First of all, of course, I mean Moscow, where there could be experimental regulators, - said Akimov.

3. Data depersonalization mechanisms

Data serves as food for artificial intelligence, so one of the tasks is to involve the maximum amount of impersonal data in circulation, taking into account privacy requirements.

Together with the deputies of the Federal Assembly, we have developed amendments to the law on personal data, specifying the mechanisms of depersonalization. This is a big line of work. We hope that in the near future this law will also become the subject of consideration of the chambers of the Federal Assembly, he noted.

4. Industry standards

According to Akimov, it is also necessary to update industry standards, including in the field of security.

5. Personnel

We are not just talking about training, we are talking about changing the managerial, partly engineering culture. In the future, all specialties related to making significant decisions will require competencies in the field of artificial intelligence. And it is necessary, together with the Ministry of Education and Science and the Ministry of Education, to work significantly on educational standards. In this regard, mass and deep training of civil servants is also necessary. To date, we do not propose to stop work in all other areas of the technological agenda of the Digital Economy program, we will quickly form an additional federal project, prioritizing spending. And we plan to do this no later than October 2019.

Responsible for these events by the federal executive body Maxim Akimov proposed to determine the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media.

Big business should lead the development of high-tech industries

According to Akimov, the world experience and experience of our country shows that the largest companies play the most important role in technological development. For example, in the field of artificial intelligence, up to 80% of patent applications over the past five years have been made by commercial organizations, not research centers or academic centers.

In his opinion, it is large Russian business that should and can become the main participant in the development of high-tech industries in the Russian Federation.

Let me remind you that today it was proposed and proposed to define them 13. This is artificial intelligence, a new generation of mobile wireless communications, primarily 5G Plus, a new generation of narrowband wireless communications for the Internet of Things, short and medium range communications, distributed registry technology. In agreement with the initiators, we divided quantum problems into three tracks: quantum sensors, quantum computing, quantum communications. Technologies for creating new materials and substances, satellite communications, a new generation of microelectronics and the creation of an electronic component base, the creation of new portable energy sources and their transportation and genomic technologies, the official said.

He proposed a format in which the first step is to sign an agreement of intent between the Government of the Russian Federation and companies. It will record not only general principles, but also obligations to develop and adopt detailed "road maps" for the development of each of the high-tech areas until 2024 inclusive.

The text of such an agreement is ready, we discussed it with the companies present here - Rosatom, Russian Railways, Rostec, Rostelecom and Sberbank. We are ready to sign it in the near future, during June, "Akimov said.

In agreement with companies, the following distribution of topics is proposed. The company leading in the direction of Artificial Intelligence will be Sberbank, in terms of fifth-generation mobile communications technologies in the relevant parts, the consortium of Rostelecom and Rostec, and Rostechnologies will be assigned directions for the development of quantum sensors, distributed register technologies and a new generation of high-band communications for the Internet of Things. Rosatom will deal with quantum computing and new materials, Russian Railways - quantum communications.

I would like, of course, to separately note that gaining a leadership position does not mean monopolizing the company. This is evidenced by the practice of working in the first direction - "Artificial Intelligence." The Government of the Russian Federation will monitor the involvement of all strong players in the process. I note, for example, that the Russian Direct Investment Fund is already making significant investments in startups and in more mature companies in artificial intelligence technologies. And only the formation of a wide consortium can create strong teams, "he said.

Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin - on innovations in the capital

Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin during his speech noted that the idea of ​ ​ creating an experimental platform in Moscow for the development of breakthrough technologies in the field of artificial intelligence is a good idea.

Today we have no idea at all the opportunity to manage a city without information technology. There are good technological groundwork, data centers, the Internet, the development of the Internet, speed, its availability is one of the best in the world. Thanks to colleagues, frequencies for the introduction of 5G have been allocated, and four experimental sites in Moscow will be introduced by the end of the year for the first time in Russia. We have already tested this technology during the World Cup in Luzhniki. This, of course, is a unique technology. People could watch, broadcast on smartphones to the whole world, with the addition of virtual reality, that is, this technology is very interesting, and I think that Moscow will be the first city where it will be introduced, - said the mayor of the capital.

He further said that Moscow has great educational personnel potential and works closely with leading companies that have world-class technology in the field of artificial intelligence. In addition, there is a certain experience and projects in the field of education - this is the Moscow Electronic School, in the field of health care - this is the diagnosis of cancer by MRI images. Two technologies are being introduced - video recognition and speech recognition.

In our call centers, from 40 to 70% of calls are served at the expense of chat bots, that is, the robot answers, processes this data, talks with those who make certain requests, "Sobyanin explained.

According to him, speech recognition technologies are being experimentally introduced in schools, clinics, hospitals, and transport.

The video recognition experiment was conducted during the World Cup. Now experimentation in this area is taking place in the metro, and with the help of access cameras. As a result, dozens of criminals who were wanted were identified.

This year, we will soon announce a competition for the creation of a large-scale video distribution system (together with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, we are doing this work), which will cover more than 200 thousand video cameras in Moscow, and will be one of the largest systems in the world, competing only with Chinese systems, - added Sobyanin.

In addition, the mayor of Moscow spoke about other technological projects. In particular, on the creation of an innovation cluster in Moscow, on the conduct of an experiment on electronic voting and an experiment on unmanned vehicles.

It seems to me that it was possible to systematize, instruct the Government and me to work out this issue, make proposals so that we get additional opportunities (financial resources, personnel and technological there), legal opportunities to create new breakthrough solutions in the field of information technology, artificial intelligence. It seems to me that this would be good for everyone. We are ready, of course, to really distribute our experience free of charge, transferring it to other regions, companies, - concluded Sergei Sobyanin.

RDIF CEO Kirill Dmitriyev - on the importance of investment for the development of artificial intelligence

General Director of the Russian Direct Investment Fund Kirill Dmitriyev in his speech dwelled on the issue of investments for the development of artificial intelligence. According to him, the fund sees that artificial intelligence is able to increase the efficiency of many industries by 30-40%.

There are known examples of a 40% reduction in electricity consumption in data centers, an increase of one third in the accuracy of detecting lung cancer, a 30% increase in yields in India. And this 30-40 percent increase in efficiency in many industries is certainly extremely important and is a key driver. Many consultants believe that due to artificial intelligence, global GDP will grow 1.2% higher per year, and the total effect of the implementation will be $13 trillion, - said Dmitriyev.

In his opinion, Russia has very good starting positions. The Fund analyzed 100 leading companies in the field of artificial intelligence, selected the 20 most promising, and has already approved investments in six. Among them are Onkobox (this is an innovative system for selecting medicines for the treatment of cancer) and Motorika (a developer of prostheses). And we are also actively introducing artificial intelligence in our portfolio companies, he said.

The introduction, for example, in our cancer centers of intelligent systems will reduce the number of medical errors there by five to six times, "Dmitriev explained.

Also, together with the United Arab Emirates, RDIF launches Scanex into the Middle East markets. According to him, the partners allocated $2 billion for joint investment in projects.

In addition, the CEO of RDIF has allocated eight initiatives.

First, we see that there are two large models of data management. One is more recognized in China, where the state provides more access and controls data, and the other is more European, where access to data is very limited. We, of course, believe that it is the Chinese model that will allow us to move forward faster.

Also, of course, it is important to bring our Russian companies to the level of world leaders. Because if companies work only for the Russian market, then they do not have enough advantages to compete in world spaces. We want to bring our companies to world markets.

The third initiative is certainly important for our companies to introduce artificial intelligence. We believe that each of the large state-owned companies should have its own strategy for the introduction of artificial intelligence.

The fourth is that it is possible to build consortia with China, with the Middle East, where it is useful to have large-scale markets.

Fifth.... we plan to create an artificial intelligence center with Moscow State University.

The sixth is data centers.

Seventh, we already have a lot of data in Moscow, including the Federal Tax Service, which has significant potential for analyzing the economy, and this data can be used.

And finally, we would ask to support the inclusion in the Sberbank consortium. We recognize that Sberbank was one of the first to focus on artificial intelligence. Both RDIF and Gazpromneft, which have very good developments in this area, so that we can jointly actively develop and promote this.

General Director of Gazprom Neft Alexander Dyukov - about artificial intelligence in industry

Alexander Dyukov, General Director of Gazprom Neft, commented on the development of a strategy for the development of artificial intelligence.

I believe that a good basic document has turned out, which takes into account the main directions of development. During the development of the strategy, we gave our proposals and comments, most of them were taken into account. At Gazpromneft, we are already working in many areas defined by the strategy.

He noted that an important factor to consider is the demand for AI technologies.

Of course, for the development of artificial intelligence and its practical application, technologies, algorithms, data, people, infrastructure are needed. These are key driving factors, but another fundamental factor in the development of artificial intelligence is the demand for artificial intelligence technologies. Demand needs to be formed, demand needs to be consolidated so that the strategy for the development of artificial intelligence makes sense. Now conscious demand exists in such areas as banking services, media, retail, telecom, but the volume of demand from these segments is limited. If we talk about industry, then our industry, with the exception, perhaps, of Rostec and a number of other companies, in fact, is not yet seriously involved in creating demand for artificial intelligence technologies. This is not a criticism, there are objective reasons for this, and this situation is not only ours, but also in the world as a whole. At the same time, industry forms a significant segment of the economy, maybe it should be one of the drivers of economic development. Industry has its own specifics in the field of artificial intelligence, and here I want to say that we cannot count on the development of artificial intelligence, say, in telecom, to allow us to solve the problems facing industry. Industry has its own specifics, and this must be taken into account when implementing the strategy. It also requires special attention from the state in terms of the availability of the necessary regulatory framework and infrastructure.

Industry involvement, in his opinion, is very important for the development of artificial intelligence. The fuel and energy complex, the largest segment of the Russian industry, can play a very important role in this. The fuel and energy complex has a number of key advantages over other industries necessary to become a leader in the development of artificial intelligence. The fuel and energy complex is able to form solvency and demand for technology. The introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the fuel and energy complex has a large-scale economic effect. The fuel and energy complex has strong management and engineering personnel. The fuel and energy complex is also one of the most complex industries in terms of the amount of data created during production activities, the variety of tasks and business processes being solved. Therefore, the tasks solved by the fuel and energy complex companies can then be scaled up and replicated in other industries.

As for Gazpromneft. We have already relied on the development of artificial intelligence and its application to solve the problems facing the oil industry. Our company already has experience in the use of artificial intelligence in many areas of our activities from geological exploration to gas stations, - said Dyukov.

Our digital transformation program includes already 12 key programs and more than 500 projects across the value chain. As part of these programs, we have to create hundreds of models. The expected effect, according to our estimates, is at least an additional 150 billion rubles of operating profit per year, - added the general director of Gazprom Neft.

According to him, the company is ready to provide knowledge, and developments, and the production base for the further development of artificial intelligence in industry.

We are ready to work together with other companies and organizations to implement the strategy. And we are ready to take on the role of one of the leaders in the development of artificial intelligence for the industry segment, "he concluded.

Rostec CEO Sergei Chemezov - about domestic chips, drones and 5G

Sergei Chemezov, General Director of Rostec State Corporation, in his speech focused on the development of specialized hardware, i.e. one of the six factors in the development of AI, which was mentioned by the head of Sberbank German Gref.

In this direction, we have already begun to work, created a public-private partnership with AFK Sistema, combining all assets that are somehow related to this area of ​ ​ activity. The main task facing us is to create a modern electronic component base, primarily chips, which will need to be used in the future when creating equipment working in the field of artificial intelligence, "Chemezov said.

He also announced his readiness to include in this enterprise everyone who is ready to develop this area of ​ ​ activity, who has some developments.

We have Angstrom-T. In the future, I think that this company can also enter our community, "Chemezov added.

As for other areas in the field of artificial intelligence in general, according to the head of Rostec, many of the corporation's companies are already working in this area.

This is the technology for determining facial recognition... These are unmanned aerial vehicles, airplanes, helicopters, these are unmanned vehicles created at KamAZ, they are already actively working, at least they are already rolling on KamAZ. I hope that the day is not far off when the car can get out already on public roads. There is an automatic electronic warfare complex with unmanned aerial vehicles, which does not just stop this or that aircraft approaching the object, it will either land it or deploy it and send it back. Its radius of action is up to 3 kilometers, covers any object with a dome, in general, a rather interesting thing, which is also used by the Ministry of Defense. I'm not talking about the developments that we have in the defense system today - these are homing heads, they have been working for a long time, this is, in general, also artificial intelligence, - said Sergei Chemezov.

As for high-tech areas, in his opinion, the deployment of fifth-generation networks is a key issue in the development of telecommunications in Russia, and the solution of this issue requires combining the efforts of telecom operators and industry, both for clearing the frequencies of existing ones, and for the development and subsequent introduction of critical components of fifth-generation networks.

Rostec is actively consolidating operators and vendors towards the development of the fifth generation of wireless communications in a consortium format. In addition to the fact that the corporation is developing a roadmap for the development of wireless communication technologies, Rostec has formed the concept of developing industrial solutions for creating fifth-generation networks. The approaches provided for in it were approved, the concept has already been agreed with representatives of the domestic industry and is actively being worked out with telecom operators.

I want to emphasize that the deployment of 5G technology will require the creation of domestic solutions that will ensure the high-quality and continuous operation of all services and services without the influence of external factors. This is important. In this regard, it is logical that first a technological infrastructure should be created, around which all services and services will then be built. Therefore, I once again want to offer the services of the Rostec corporation so that we can lead this direction together with Rostelecom, "Chemezov added.

Deputy Prime Minister Yury Borisov - on the promotion of domestic AI solutions

Deputy Prime Minister Yury Borisov during his speech noted the timeliness, relevance and quite serious elaboration of the strategy in the field of AI.

But he would also like to see even more tangible goals in the strategy related to market share, global and domestic.

It seems to me that the main task in the implementation of this strategy is the dynamic implementation, I emphasize, of domestic solutions of artificial intelligence. And this is just a complex of algorithmic, software and hardware solutions in all spheres of the economy in order to dominate the domestic market of these products, and the forecast shows that this is a colossal market, and positioning on an external one. I believe that the implementation of this strategy, especially in terms of the implementation of hardware support, will create a synergistic effect for the development of domestic microelectronics, because I am firsthand familiar with these products. These are products with a high added value, complex. Unfortunately, they require long implementation periods and are quite costly, - said the Deputy Prime Minister.

According to him, the events that will be planned in the strategy will be aimed at creating these products, while the main task, in his opinion, is to promote them to the market.

Given the fact that these products are expensive, you may have to think about the state order for the introduction of these products into specialized centers. There shouldn't be many. But domestic products are competitive, along with Western chipsets and accelerators, they must break into the domestic market, he added.

The head of Yandex Arkady Volozh - about the uniqueness of the Russian market, stimulating personnel and testing drones in the real environment

Arkady Volozh, General Director of Yandex Group of Companies, drew attention to such aspects as science education and personnel, as well as testing of AI-based implementation and regulatory aspects:

Here it was said that more than 30 countries have their own artificial intelligence programs. The reasons that we now have something to discuss here is that Russia has its own specialists in this area, and Russia, in the sense of introducing these systems into the market, into the retail market, is one of the unique markets in the world, we have almost everything of our own here. This became possible only because we have our own people, our own system of selection and education of these people. I would like not to lose this and not only consolidate it at the level of the Higher School, which is now done, but also (this is noted in the strategy) I want to go deeper and start systematic selection and training of people in the field of exact sciences, mathematics, programming, right from school. That's one aspect.

And the second aspect, when we train people, it is no secret that Russia is a donor of such specialists for companies in the world, it is normal when young people after training go to work in world companies. It is important that they have an incentive and a desire for someone to stay, for someone to return back to work for Russian companies. In Yandex, over the past couple of years, we have returned 100 specialists from world companies to work back with us, and we attracted them, of course, not so much with salaries as with the opportunity to solve ambitious problems, and the opportunity to solve problems that are being introduced right before your eyes, and they are used right by the people who surround you. This, as a rule, is not available to them when they work in some global corporations. I would like some kind of special state program to be developed within the framework of the strategy, which stimulates not so much even financially as, perhaps, intangibly people returning to work here. Other countries have such programs, we also need to do this.

Another important area, according to the head of Yandex, is the creation of conditions for testing. Artificial intelligence is machine learning, and it is necessary to train machines, he believes, with real data, in real conditions, for example, drones, unmanned vehicles that go on the roads.

They should walk not so much at landfills as go on street roads, and it is very important here that we do not regulate this. It is clear that everyone is a little scared, but it seems to me that if we want this to be implemented faster, this is a very competitive environment - we need not to be afraid and relax ourselves a little here, and give the opportunity for very quick implementation, the ability to test a large number of such, for example, machines or generally any solutions in the field of artificial intelligence in real conditions. Yandex needs to bring 100 cars to the streets this year. If we take the procedure that is now, then we just need four years to certify these machines. I would like this to be reflected also in this program - tests in a real environment. Because the point here is that we will import or export these technologies, after all.

Special Representative of the President Dmitry Peskov - on new types of data and the problem of training

Dmitry Peskov, Special Representative of the President of the Russian Federation for Digital and Technological Development, dwelled on two main issues. The first is data types, the second is personnel.

Today we rely on the data that have already been created by banks, telecoms, the state. But there are many large amounts of data, and we see that global development today is turning towards such completely unexpected types of data - oceans, forests, humans, biomes, microbiomes. We see a huge number of startups that today compete for traditional markets on the logic of the link between biology and artificial intelligence. Completely new types of products are emerging. Now we have a company that is building a global product labeling system based on the unique, as they say, footprint, biological imprint of the place of production of this product. This joint, it seems to me, should be finalized before the formation of DataSet not only from banks and telecoms, but also in setting tasks in scientific research, in industries, in the forest industry, in many other places in terms of the formation of new types of DataSet. Otherwise, we will do our homework well to narrow the gap, but we will lag behind in the next step, - said Peskov.

The second issue raised by Peskov is related to personnel and regulation.

The gap in personnel needs is now so catastrophic that we could not find a single scenario in which we could close the gap even until 2030. In this sense, if we continue to lean into the idea that we can modernize the current system of educational standards, we will never get the result. The joints of technology change so quickly that as soon as we enter this very long bureaucratic cycle, it turns out that massively we will release new types of specialists somewhere around 2030. We have come to this topic many times, but now everything has matured to the point of impossibility. We need a separate territory of regulation on the topics of artificial intelligence, big data and other end-to-end technologies, which would allow us to normatively launch personnel training processes within two to three months, and not within three, four, five, six years, "he said.

The problem, he said, is that many new specialties are emerging around the data, but they are not reflected anywhere, in any regulatory documents.

Fortunately, the good news is that they are creating a lot of new jobs. And in this sense, we have no fear that artificial intelligence will deprive everyone of jobs and no new jobs will appear. But the difficulty is that there is this deepening and division of labor, it requires separate regulation. I would ask us to form such a contour separately in the instructions, it has not been finalized now, - said the special representative of the president.

Of course, the entire education system needs to be changed. My colleagues and I from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education are taking such a step, we are starting to introduce an educational platform for artificial intelligence at once in a hundred regional universities, and we hope that it will work in July this year. I also invite everyone to take part in its launch, "he added.

Rostelecom President Mikhail Oseevsky - on obligations to develop high-tech areas

The head of Rostelecom Mikhail Oseevsky commented on the proposal of Deputy Prime Minister Maxim Akimov regarding an agreement of intent between the Government of the Russian Federation and companies, which will record obligations to develop and adopt "road maps" for the development of high-tech areas.

We really do go to this cooperation with the Government completely consciously not because we are forced to do this. We believe that such a concentration of individual companies in these key areas will allow us to move faster, on the one hand. On the other hand, the last year of work on the Digital Economy program, in general, within the framework of modern technological solutions, strengthens the interaction between us. We have no contradictions today, we all, sitting at this table, cooperate in many areas. Therefore, as German Oskarovich said, the leading role of companies does not mean that the rest will be turned off. We are confident that a wide consortium will be created, - said Oseevsky.

Mail.ru Group CEO Boris Dobrodeev - about the sales market for startups

Mail. ru Group CEO Boris Dobrodeev expressed support for the strategy in the field of artificial intelligence, adding that for his company this is no longer the future, but the present.

More than 100 million people use our services based on artificial intelligence today. And, of course, we would be very interested in applying this expertise in the real economy, "he said.

Dobrodeev also focused on the issue of the sales market for technological startups.

We create a large number of services every day and inside, and look at hundreds of startups, and we are convinced that the main issue of this market is precisely the issue of the sales market. Because now there are not dozens, even hundreds of companies that have good technologies, but they all rest on the sales market, on small revenues that today do not pay off high-tech startups and technologies. Therefore, it seems to me that for us the most important goal is precisely the stimulation of this demand and sales markets, "he said.

First Deputy General Director of Rosatom Ivan Kamenskikh - on the joint work of state-owned companies in the development of new technologies

Ivan Kamenskikh, First Deputy General Director - Director of the Directorate for the Nuclear Weapons Complex, Rosatom"" spoke about technological interaction with other companies.

We have very close ties with Rosneft and Gazprom in terms of digital wells, digital formations, that is, we are quite actively participating in this part. We agreed with Rostec to work together quite active in the field of supercomputation and mathematical modeling. That is, this direction, of course, is supported, - he explained.

In addition, he supported the proposal of Deputy Prime Minister Yuri Borisov that the most important task is to create a market, domestic market and foreign market for the introduction of new technologies.

Presidential Aide Andrei Belousov - on changes in traditional markets under the influence of AI

Assistant to the President of Russia Andrei Belousov drew attention to the fact that the market for artificial intelligence products, firstly, is not as such, and, secondly, it is not at all the main one. In his opinion, the main thing is a change in traditional markets, which is carried by artificial intelligence, and it is necessary to measure not what share we will take in this market of artificial intelligence, but how much we will be able to win back in the industry market, in the trade services market, in the logistics services market.

For example, what is a fifth-generation aircraft? This is a new concept, this is a new concept of combat, when you have multi-quality data connected in real time, and artificial intelligence helps you make decisions. Without artificial intelligence, this design doesn't work. And the same thing in logistics, the same thing in trade, the same thing in health care arises, exactly the same constructs. These are the markets in question. And there really are real coups here, "he explained.

Further, Andrei Belousov spoke about the problem with sales.

They (problems, - note TAdviser) will continue to arise. And we must today (we go for it consciously) create, roughly speaking, an excess of supply. Why is there a problem with sales? We must understand with you that the introduction of artificial intelligence fundamentally changes the decision-making processes in companies. It is impossible to implement artificial intelligence without changing the control system. It's just not going to work. These are completely different principles, different approaches. And it's not just with us, it's in the world. You know perfectly well that the Americans have created special research centers that analyze changes in control systems under the influence of the artificial intelligence system and related information technologies, digital technologies. Therefore, here, of course, these processes are inertial, they are quite slow, including slow in corporations. But in order for us to spur these all processes, we, of course, must also spur them with the help of incentive measures, but most importantly, we must offer a solution that will give the same companies or their competitors, including disraptors - small companies, the opportunity to win back large market segments based on these solutions. This process is slow, long enough, as experience shows, but we must, of course, go for it, - said Belousov.

In his opinion, the most important mistake that we can fall into is to begin to form some new control systems, a new design for managing this process in strategy, that is, to fall into a bureaucratic process with various kinds of decisions, decisions, and so on.

We need to launch everything very quickly, - added Belousov.

Draft National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence

As it became known to CNews, a draft National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has appeared in Russia. The document was prepared by Sberbank on behalf of Russian President Vladimir Putin and will soon be submitted to him for consideration. In May 2019, a copy of the project was at the disposal of the editorial office^[60].

The Strategy notes that the global AI market last year amounted to $2.5 billion, by 2024 it will grow to $137.2 billion. More than 30 countries in the world have recognized the critical importance of AI and adopted appropriate national strategies.

In the field of AI development, Russia looks weak at the global level. In 2018, the market volume amounted to 2.1 billion rubles. (0.2% of the world). By 2024, it will increase to 160 billion rubles. (1.8% of the world). The volume of Russian investments in AI last year amounted to less than 1% of the world. Also at the level of 1% of the world is the number of patents in the field of AI and scientific articles devoted to him.

Positive factors for the development of AI in Russia include a high level of basic physical and mathematical education, a strong scientific school in the field of mathematics and natural sciences, the first places occupied by Russian students at international programming olympiads and leading positions in the world in the segment of computer vision.

At the same time, there are negative factors. This is a lack of demand for AI to increase the efficiency of the production of products, goods and the provision of services, a small number of qualified specialists and research, including due to the outflow of personnel abroad and low availability and quality of data (both corporate and collected by government agencies).

Creation of a Technical Committee based on the Russian venture capital company

On May 21, 2019, it became known that Russian Venture Capital Company (RVC) the Technical Committee for Standardization (TC) will start working at the base artificial intelligence(). AI His area of ​ ​ responsibility will be issues related to the regulatory and technical regulation of the applied use of AI technologies.

This body will unite specialized organizations, authorities, research educational and research institutes for the national, interstate and international standardization of AI technologies. TK is created with the support Ministry of Industry and Trade RUSSIAN FEDERATION of and. Rosstandart

Alexander Povalko said:

RVC, as the project office of the National Technology Initiative (NTI), proposed the creation of a single specialized standardization body to form the conditions for the speedy transformation of the accumulated fundamental knowledge in the field of AI into specific products and services and ensure their application in various sectors of the economy.

According to the press service of the RVC, the committee will develop terms, definitions in the field of AI, standardize typical architectures of AI systems and data presentation formats; development of requirements to indicators and quality criteria of AI systems, methods of detection and protection against specific information security threats; development of rules for evaluation of functional characteristics of AI systems for solving applied problems in economics, education, healthcare, industry and other industries.

A separate area of ​ ​ work of the TC will be participation in the process of international standardization on behalf of the Russian Federation, including consideration of issues on the application of international standards in the field of AI at the national level, participation in the work of the joint international technical committee for standardization ISO/IEC JTC 1 "Information Technologies," as well as participation in the work of the subcommittee ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 42 "Artificial Intelligence."

Sergey Garbuk, director of scientific projects at the Higher School of Economics, will become the chairman of the Artificial Intelligence shopping center. Earlier, he headed the information department of the Advanced Research Fund, the information technology center at the Research Institute for Standardization and Unification of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation.

The TC structure will be built in a mirror to the relevant international subcommittee SC 42 and will unite working groups that are responsible for the unification and quality assurance of AI technologies, specialize in the formation of standard requirements for AI technologies in various industries.

The general director of Datana (part of the LANIT group) Vladimir Zakharov believes that the creation of such a committee is the right idea.

[[:Шаблон:Quote 'author = Vladimir Zakharov, CEO of Datana]]

Director of the Development and Planning Department of the Skolkovo Foundation Sergey Izrailit said that the organization is interested in participating in the TC for standardization of AI.

The development of AI is one of the priorities of the fund. Two of the five innovation center resident companies that develop IT solutions have its components.

According to him, the Skolkovo Foundation, as the competence center of the federal project "Regulatory Regulation of the Digital Environment" of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation," is already working on creating an action plan for the federal project. Some of them are aimed at improving standardization mechanisms, including the preparation of documents of the national standardization system in the field of technologies "Smart Production," "Internet of Things," "Industrial Internet of Things," "Artificial Intelligence" and "Technical Committee of Cyber ​ ​ Physical Systems (TK 194)."

The director big data of the company's competence center "" Technoserv George Shatirov says that the company would be interested in joining the TK.

Obviously, the topic of the application of AI requires open comprehensive discussions - both at the regulatory and ethical levels. The committee sets itself a difficult task - to develop uniform standards for the use of technology and various types of data.

In his opinion, standardization tasks are required in those industries that have already undergone the first phases of technology development and entered the stage of komoditization.

[[:Шаблон:Quote 'author = Georgy Shatirov, director of the big data competence center of Technoserv]]

President of NP Russoft Valentin Makarov supports the RVC initiative.

On behalf of NP Russoft, I have already sent an application to join TK AI. RVC's experience in creating and launching TK No. 194 "Cyber-Physical Systems" shows that this tool is very useful for the industry in skillful hands.

In his opinion, on the example of TK No. 194, it can be seen how it is possible to effectively coordinate the activities of different organizations with a single vector and a work plan for creating draft standards and for their promotion in Russia and abroad.

Applications for joining TC from interested organizations and companies in RVC are accepted until July 1, 2019^[61].

Putin instructed to develop a national strategy in the field of artificial intelligence and measures to support high-tech projects of SMB companies

On February 27, 2019 Russia Vladimir Putin , as part of the implementation of the message, the President Federal Assembly instructed to develop a national strategy in the region by June 15, 2019. artificial intelligence

In addition, the president demands to implement additional measures aimed at stimulating the growth of investments in high-tech projects in the field of artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, robotics and processing of large amounts of data carried out by small and medium-sized businesses.

Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev has been appointed responsible for these instructions. By July 1, 2019, he must prepare a report on measures to support high-tech projects of SMB companies.

Russian AI strategy will rely on the achievements of domestic fizmat

The President's Special Representative for Digital and Technological Development Dmitry Peskov on February 11, 2019 spoke about the general vision in the development of approaches to the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence in Russia. Their development is carried out by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives (ASI) together with Sberbank in accordance with the instructions of President Vladimir Putin.

According to Peskov, there is already a general understanding that it is not worth the goal of creating some kind of separate system for the task, but mechanisms that already exist within the framework of the National Technological Initiative and the Digital Economy project will be used.

Now we are looking carefully at what other countries are doing, and we have a difficult task - separating hype from content, - says Peskov.

He added that some countries are adopting national programs for the study of artificial intelligence at school, and in Russia some are asking questions why we are not doing this. But when you understand this, it turns out that in the 5th grade it is much better to study mathematics and physics, and not marketing terms for using artificial intelligence solutions, says Peskov.

In this sense, we will have our own national strategy based on the best achievements of our mathematical and physical schools, and not the meaningless replication of decisions created in other countries, - said the president's special representative for digital and technological development.

Peskov added that within the framework of the National Technological Initiative, 2 centers of competence in artificial intelligence were created: one on the basis of Fiztech in specialization in the field of speech artificial intelligence, and on the basis of ITMO - with specialization in the field of cognitive research.

It is assumed that in the near future a competition will be announced, which is being prepared by Rosatom State Corporation, for the creation and development of a common roadmap in the field of artificial intelligence. And in addition to institutions, the largest companies may join this development. Sberbank and Rostelecom, Yandex, Mail.ru, Rostec have already announced their readiness to participate in this development, said Dmitry Peskov.

Sberbank, which participates in the development of approaches in the field of AI strategy, is actively developing its activities in the field of these technologies. The bank has an artificial intelligence laboratory. In February, Sberbank also decided to create a laboratory of neurosciences and human behavior, which will conduct scientific research in the field of neurophysiology, social psychology and cognitive studies and introduce the results of scientific developments into the daily practice of the company.

Development of approaches to the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence

On January 30, 2019, the President Russia Vladimir Putin approved the list of instructions following a meeting of the Supervisory Board of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives to Promote New Projects, held on January 15, 2019.

One of the instructions concerns the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the country. In particular, the Government of the Russian Federation by February 25, 2019 was instructed with the participation of Sberbank and other interested organizations to develop approaches to the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence and submit relevant proposals.

Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev and head of Sberbank German Gref have been appointed responsible for fulfilling the order.

At the end of 2018, TAdviser prepared an overview on the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies in Russia. According to TAdviser forecasts, this market will grow rapidly and by 2020 its volume may reach 28 billion rubles.

Experts interviewed by the publication also see the colossal potential of the AI technology market. However, so far there is still a huge shortage of relevant specialists on it. Companies have difficulty finding, recruiting and retaining such employees.

During the preparation of the review, the main trends in the market for artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies (Machine Learning, ML) were identified. Among them:

• replacement of employees with robots (robotic services),
• combination of AI with robotization of business processes,
• expanding the capabilities of software products with AI and ML tools,
• application of new machine learning methods,
• widespread use of AI to improve the quality of service,
• an increasing expansion of AI applications.

Read more about the state of the AI technology market in Russia, key trends and competence of market participants in the TAdviser review "Artificial Intelligence 2018."

See also

• Artificial Intelligence (Russian market)
• Artificial Intelligence (Global Market)

Notes