Russian Software Domestic Software

Import substitution of software in the public sector

• Import substitution of software in the public sector
• Plan for the transition of government agencies to Russian software

Pre-installation of Russian software on smartphones and computers

Main article: Pre-installation of Russian software for smartphones and computers

Software Market in Russia

Main article: Software (Russian market)

2024: The software certification process in Russia will be simplified and accelerated

On April 15, 2024, it became known that FSTEC plans to simplify the software certification process. It is assumed that developers of operating systems and information security solutions will not have to undergo re-certification when releasing updated versions of their products.

According to the Vedomosti newspaper, changes in the certification procedure are being discussed by the technical committee for standardization "Information Protection" at the FSTEC. The agency, in particular, is revising GOST, which regulates the processes of secure development, that is, preventing vulnerabilities during the creation of a software solution.

FSTEC plans to simplify the software certification process

The product certification process takes from nine months to a year. In accordance with the requirements in force for April 2024, any changes in the program code, for example, in the event of a vulnerability or software errors in information protection systems, must be re-certified. It can take up to a few months.

The certification process takes months. According to the law, you need to wait for certification, leaving the information system without protection, or update the software, but from the point of view of the law to become violators, "says Ruslan Permyakov, deputy director of the NTI Competence Center" Technologies of Trusted Interaction "based on TUSUR.

In accordance with the new rules, FSTEC will not certify the finished product, but the process of its development. Positive Technologies security consultant Alexei Lukatsky says that FSTEC will allow the principle of so-called "series" or "mass production" certification to be used as a formal confirmation of security, when it is confirmed that "the entire development process is reliable and everything that is created within its framework is also reliable and safe." Thus, the certification procedure will not only be simplified, but also significantly accelerated.^[1]

2023

Developed by GOST to protect Russian software

At the end of December 2023, the Federal Service for Technical and Export Control (FSTEC) announced a new GOST of software security (software). It replaces the original national standard P 56939 "Information Protection. Development of secure software "from 2016, which is recognized as outdated.

It is noted that at the time of approval, the original version of GOST R 56939 was timely and relevant, however, since the adoption of the standard, there has been a need to ensure a higher level of security for information systems and software. The adoption of a revised national standard, according to the authors of the document, will improve the efficiency and quality of secure software development.

The main goal of software development in accordance with the provisions of the new standard is to create prerequisites for reducing the likelihood of vulnerabilities in the software being developed, as well as for reducing the number, reducing the level of criticality and reducing damage from potential vulnerabilities. In addition, the standard is designed to help in the prompt elimination of holes. General requirements for the development of safe software are presented in the form of a description of processes, the implementation of which is aimed at achieving the necessary results.^[2]

Increase in prices for Russian software by 20%

In 2023, prices for Russian software increased by an average of 10-20% compared to the previous year. This is due, among other things, to the growing demand for domestic software against the background of the departure of foreign suppliers from Russia. Such data in mid-January 2024 was published by the competence center for the IT infrastructure of CROC.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, the dynamics of price growth differs depending on the software class. The increase in the cost of software products is due to several reasons. One of them is the rise in price of the work of developers. In addition, import substitution of foreign solutions often requires writing software from zero, and this requires large financial costs. Plus, suppliers regularly release new versions of products, which translates into additional costs.

Managing Director of Norbit (part of the Lanit Group of Companies) Vladimir Vertogradov notes that "vendors now do not give discounts even if mandatory implementation is required, although they previously offered with low demand." At the same time, Yuri Shvydchenko, director of technology practice at Trust Technologies (formerly PwC, TeDo), emphasizes that price increases may be associated with a shortage of software of certain classes. According to him, in all market segments "there is one or another shortage of high-quality products and solutions." The problem is particularly relevant for highly specialized areas such as industrial automation products.

The Ministry of Digital Development Federation and large market participants signed a charter that limits the growth in the cost of software with the formula "consumer price index plus 15%." Another control mechanism is also being prepared: we are talking about the creation of a special "ethical commission" that will consider complaints about price increases. It is assumed that in some cases this commission will be able to agree on companies raising the price of software above the formula defined by the charter.^[3]

Universal software licenses for Windows and Linux appeared in Russia

On October 26, 2023, it became known that Russian software developers began to offer customers the so-called "universal licenses." They allow the use of programs on both Windows and Linux.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, the head of the technology development department of the developer of information security solutions Aladdin Denis Sukhovey spoke about the possibility of purchasing software under a single license. According to him, the company allows you to purchase certified products for Linux and at the same time receive the right to use software for Windows. Such a scheme is said to be intended for situations "when budget restrictions no longer allow purchasing software for Windows, but it is too early to purchase Linux." In other words, we are talking about supporting import substitution in the current geopolitical situation.

In addition, PIX Robotics, which offers IT solutions for small and medium businesses, announced the introduction of a universal license for its products. And MyOffice has been giving such an opportunity "since the launch of its products on the market in 2016," said Pyotr Shcheglov, director of product marketing at the company. This licensing scheme simplifies the use of products on different software platforms.

This allows you to safely implement applied software, starting with foreign operating systems, and smoothly switch to the use of domestic ones, says Shcheglov.

Dmitry Miroshnik, Director of the Product Business Support Department of Softline Group of Companies, notes that Russian developers are actually following trends "that have long been set by foreign vendors." In particular, some software from foreign developers (for example, to work with Affinity graphics) can be bought both under a universal license and for a specific OS.^[4]

The Ministry of Digital Development has increased the indicators of the introduction of Russian system-wide software

In mid-October 2023, the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation prepared a draft updated roadmap for the development of the "New System-Wide and Application Software." The document provides for a significant increase in key performance indicators in terms of the introduction of domestic software.

We are talking about Russian operating systems and software tools for solving common problems, as well as office applications, graphic editors, browsers, media players, DBMS, professional products (CAD, AWS, APCS, APCS, CRM, ERP), etc. According to RBC, in 2023, according to a new document, the level of implementation of Russian system-wide and application software should reach 54%. Initially, the bar was set at 23%. The indicator for 2024 has been increased from 33% to 58%, for 2025 - from 48% to 63%. For 2030, the level of implementation remained the same - 71%.

It is noted that the values ​ ​ of indicators and indicators have been adjusted in connection with the clarification of the sources of calculation and the actual figures of 2022. Target values ​ ​ have been increased based on information about the introduction of domestic software in the country - not only in government agencies and state-owned companies, but also in other organizations. The figures obtained indicate that import substitution in the software sector in the Russian market as of 2023 is proceeding at an active pace, which is facilitated by the formed geopolitical situation.

Ilya Massukh, head of the Center for Competencies in Import Substitution in the Field of Information and Communication Technologies (CKIT), said that according to the results of January-September 2023, in the main classes of system-wide software, Russian software solutions account for at least 96% of public procurement. For comparison, in 2022, the indicator ranged from 45% to 90%, depending on the product category. The growth of the popularity of domestic software is facilitated by measures to support the IT industry, in particular, procurement preferences and tax incentives.^[5]

The state compensates developers 80% of the cost of software for deliveries to the DPR, LPR, Kherson and Zaporizhzhya regions

On October 19, 2023, it became known that the state intends to subsidize entrepreneurs from the DPR, LPR, Kherson and Zaporizhzhya regions from 50% to 80% of the cost of licenses for Russian software. This measure is aimed at supporting small and medium-sized businesses in new regions.

According to the Vedomosti newspaper, the initiative is being discussed at the site of the Federation Council with the participation of representatives of IT developers, regulators and specialized organizations. According to Alexander Pavlov, Director General of the Russian Information Technology Development Fund (RFRIT), a discount on Russian software is necessary to accelerate its implementation in new territories. The proposed mechanism provides that a company from the DPR, LPR, Kherson or Zaporizhzhya region buys Russian software, and the fund reimburses the product developer for the income that he received less.

Thus, we will encourage the Russian IT sector to come there faster and expand its geography of presence, "Pavlov said.

A prerequisite for paying compensation is the fact of using software in a new enterprise. Companies from the DPR and LPR note that they need, among other things, Russian information security tools, including antiviruses. However, there are a number of difficulties. One of them is the lack of experience in working with software products from the Russian Federation. In addition, some companies are not ready to switch to software from Russia due to problems of its compatibility with foreign hardware platforms: there are simply no separate drivers. Plus, for many Windows users it is more familiar and convenient than Russian operating systems on the Linux kernel. As of October 19, 2023, the amount of funding under the new project and their sources have not been determined and whether RFRIT will continue to administer funds for new regions is not clear.^[6]

Russian OS will be installed on foreign smartphones

In mid-October 2023, it became known that Russian developers are operating systems going to use their platforms on foreign smartphones. We are talking about devices from "friendly" countries, including from China, India and Vietnam.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, the idea of ​ ​ domestic companies is to agree with foreign third-tier suppliers on the production of mobile devices, which will then enter the Russian market under original brands. Russian OS will be installed on such smartphones, which will help speed up import substitution in the software sector.

The initiative is dictated by the fact that the assortment of domestic smartphones as of October 2023 is small, and they are much more expensive than foreign counterparts. Therefore, their use "is justified only if it is a matter of processing sensitive information." At the same time, devices in a variety of price categories, including the cheapest devices, can be supplied from China. The release of such smartphones running Russian OS will theoretically increase the popularity of domestic mobile platforms.

But market participants say that such devices will not be able to qualify for the state and commercial segments. The fact is that foreign smartphones, when porting a trusted Russian OS, will not be able to provide the required level of security, since the Russian side will not have the source code of the hardware. smartphone In addition, it is possible that problems arise using a number of popular services. For example, in Google accordance with its policy, it can revoke Russia licenses for its services from companies cooperating with OS developers - cards,, etc Google Play YouTube.^[7]

Special storage facilities for billions of rubles will be created to store trusted software in Russia

In early October 2023, it became known that a system of secure repositories for storing trusted software (DPO) would be formed in Russia. This platform will allow companies and organizations to access proven software, minimizing the risks associated with information security threats.

Information about the project, as reported by the Vedomosti newspaper, is contained in the working document of the ANO Digital Economy. The initiative involves the creation of "standard solutions for a distributed system of secure DPO repositories designed for the development, testing, storage, distribution, development and technical support of domestic software."

Trusted means the software that is created in accordance with the concept of the life cycle of secure development. In this case, the criteria for "power of attorney" of software and hardware systems (PAC) are determined by FSTEK and FSB. In fact, we are talking about those decisions that have passed security checks and other technical audits in organizations accredited for these purposes. Such products are guaranteed not to contain "bookmarks" and other components that may threaten the safety of the customer.

The authors of the project believe that repositories will ensure compatibility of domestic software, allow to extend its life cycle and reduce labor costs for creating software. By 2027, it is planned to transfer approximately 30% of trusted domestic solutions to the platform. By 2030, this figure can be brought to 80%. The initiative also provides for the formation of a system of test sites for inspections of PACS, including trusted ones.

Estimated project costs are not disclosed. It is only noted that financing will be carried out at the expense of budget funds and grant support. Market participants believe that spending on infrastructure, development, security software, operation and maintenance until 2027 can reach 3 billion rubles.^[8]

The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation approved the allocation of 11 billion rubles for import substitution of software

On July 18, 2023, it became known that Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation it approved the allocation of 11 billion rubles for import substitution projects. software We are talking about the provision of funds from the reserve fund to finance the activities of road maps for the development of high-tech areas "New Industrial Software" (NIPO) and "New System-Wide Software" (NOPO).

Road maps contain projects of Russian companies leading sectors of the economy. The documents are open in nature: new players and projects can be included in them. Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko said that most of the development will be financed at the expense of companies. In turn, the deputy head of the Ministry of Digital Industry Maxim Parshin specified that the implementation of the projects will last until 2025, and some will have to be worked on until 2027.

As noted in the government's message, commenting on the importance of replacing foreign digital solutions with domestic developments, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin said that in general, more than 1,000 foreign solutions were identified in all sectors that directly affect the stability of production processes.

Only the sixth part had no domestic analogues at all. Of course, it was important to find a worthy replacement for them in the near future, - said the Prime Minister.

At the end of June 2023, it became known that Mikhail Mishustin instructed to allocate an additional 11 billion rubles for the implementation of the "road maps" for the development of high-tech areas "New Industrial Software" and "New System-Wide Software" in 2023. Then it was reported that the Ministry of Finance should provide for the allocation of funding from the government reserve fund until July 17, 2023.^[9]

The Ministry of Digital Development has formed a single base of all business needs in software

On July 10, 2023, it became known that the Ministry of Digital Development created a single database of all the needs of corporate customers in software. We are talking about import substitution in the field of software.

In the current geopolitical situation, many foreign software suppliers have left the Russian market. In this situation, the demand for domestic solutions has sharply increased. In particular, the costs of companies and government agencies for import substitution of software in the first half of 2023 amounted to 53% of total investments in the IT segment. As of July 10, 2023, more than 17 thousand products from 6230 copyright holders were included in the register of Russian software.

According to the Vedomosti newspaper, the Ministry of Digital Development has drawn up a review map of IT solutions that already have domestic counterparts, and those that need to find a replacement. It is assumed that by September 2023 this document will be approved and will become a guide to action in terms of the development of the missing decisions in the Russian Federation.

It is said that the so-called IT landscape is necessary in order to assess the needs of sectors of the economy and form a list of projects that, among other things, will be able to apply for various forms of support. We are talking about grants, preferential loans and obtaining the status of systemically important projects. Compliance of the project with the specified landscape is a prerequisite for making a decision on its support.

It is noted that potential customers in the Russian Federation have formed a list of 670 areas of import substitution. Moreover, these are not specific products, but operations that organizations implemented through foreign solutions. In response, IT companies provided a list of 2,180 Russian products that should allow them to implement the necessary operations. But only 196 of them correspond to Western counterparts by more than 70%, 1423 solutions correspond to 40 − 70%, 561 - by less than 40^[10]

Ministry of Digital Development will create centers for assessing the compatibility of Russian IT solutions

On June 28, 2023, it became known about the creation in Russia of independent centers for testing the compatibility of Russian software with domestic equipment and operating systems. The formation of such structures at the initiative of the Ministry of Digital Development is necessary against the background of intensive import substitution in the IT sector in the current geopolitical situation.

Market participants, according to the Vedomosti newspaper, say that the problem of software compatibility is acute for Russian developers. In addition, difficulties arise with ensuring the correct functioning of application programs on a particular microprocessor architecture. The Ministry of Digital Development is discussing new requirements for products for their inclusion in the register of domestic software, and one of these requirements is compatibility with platforms and equipment. It is assumed that the new centers will help in solving the problem.

Two options for financing centers for assessing the compatibility of Russian IT solutions are being considered: these are either exclusively budgetary sources, or the allocation of funds together with software customers. In parallel, the mechanism of functioning of these centers, the procedure for revoking their licenses in case of any malfunctions, etc., is being worked out.

It is noted that such centers are needed by potential users of Russian products among industrial groups. As the chairman of the board of directors of BASEALT Alexei Smirnov noted, if the conclusion on the compatibility of this or that software has a state status, then it is logical if such an examination is carried out using budget financing. A number of industry associations have relevant competencies, including the Association for Documentary Telecommunications, the Voskhod Research Institute and the ICT Import Substitution Competence Center.^[11]

Retail sales of Russian software soared 6 times

In January-May 2023, sales of Russian software in retail increased, according to various sources, 2.5-6 times compared to the same period in 2022. Such data in mid-June 2023 were disclosed by Wildberries, M.Video-Eldorado and Ozon.

As Vedomosti writes with reference to the statistics of these retailers, the operating systems "Red OS" and Uncom OS, the suite of office applications "P7-office," as well as antiviruses Kaspersky and Dr.Web.

High demand for domestic software is observed against the background of withdrawal from the market of foreign suppliers, the representative of Ozon noted. Wildberries indicated that this year demand was mainly formed by antiviruses and products for automation of enterprises.

A representative of the developer "P7-office" told the publication that since the beginning of the year, sales on licenses have grown eightfold. The share of downloads of the OS distribution from the site is 30%, the rest is offline retail purchases, he explained. The number of installations of MyOffice solutions by private users doubled in the first half of 2023 compared to the same period a year earlier, said Pavel Kalyakin, general director of the company. According to him, by June 2023, home products were downloaded more than 20 million times.

Domestic platforms are purchased mainly for installation on laptops without a pre-installed OS, M.Video-Eldorado added - by mid-June 2023, the share of such computers on the market is 25-30%. The popularity of Russian software was confirmed at Avito, where its sales in the first five months of 2023 increased by 73%. Kaspersky accounts for 69% of sales of all antiviruses here; The popularity of the P7-office package and Astra Linux OS is growing.^[12]

Russian software developers pledged not to raise prices until 2028

On June 1, 2023, the Price Charter of the socially responsible IT-Business was signed on the voluntary restriction by software developers of the ahead rise in prices for their software. The initiators and signatories of the document were leading industry IT associations.

According to the document, companies cannot increase the cost of their products by more than 15% per year, and if a new, more functional software of the same class is brought to market, companies are required to maintain and maintain the previous product, limiting the maximum annual price increase for it to the maximum price threshold, as well as publish on their website in the public domain up-to-date information on prices for software products.

We are not talking about freezing prices, we are talking about some reasonable restriction. This is inflation plus 15%, - said the deputy head of the Ministry of Digital Industry Maxim Parshin (quoted by Interfax).

According to representatives of associations, the charter is necessary to comply with the interests of companies and their clients, and it also demonstrates the social responsibility of business. The charter is valid until 2028. In the event of a change in foreign policy and economic conditions, the validity period may be revised.

According to CNews, among the signatories of the voluntary limiting document are the developers of their own OS "BASEALT" ("Alt") and "Red Software" ("Red OS"), as well as the creators of the office suite "My Office," companies "Trukonf," "SearchInform," IVA Technologies (IVKS), "Security Code," SKB "Contour."

The price charter has a precautionary nature and is directed against excessive price increases for existing software used to replace imports. In general, the industry is dominated by an understanding of the need to balance the interests of software developers and their customers. We are all in the same boat, "explained Valentin Makarov, president of the Russoft association.[13]

Russian software developers will set a price ceiling

The Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation and large software associations ("Domestic Software," "Russoft," APKIT and others) in May 2023 will sign the "Price Charter of Socially Responsible IT-Business." As part of this document, software developers will voluntarily limit the rise in prices for their products, Kommersant writes in its May 2, 2023 issue.

The maximum threshold is planned to be set according to the following formula: the price of a software product on the same date in 2022, adjusted taking into account the annual consumer price index of Rosstat, plus 15%. In 2022, the index amounted to 111.94%, that is, the estimated price ceiling for software developers is almost 27%. According to the results of the first quarter of 2023, the index amounted to 108.62%, the estimated price ceiling - 23.62%.

According to the publication, the market participants officially support the idea, indicating that the charter "contains a balanced approach" and "will help to balance the purchasing power of businesses and the profits of vendors," but anonymously criticize it.

A newspaper source in the industry said large corporations presented price increases as a general trend, although these are, he said, isolated cases. According to another interlocutor of the publication, the developers were told that state-owned companies in the current situation cannot afford large spending on software and prices need to be restrained. On the part of vendors, an argument was made that such a measure would lead to a serious slowdown in the development of products.

The departure of Western manufacturers in the face of a shortage of mature analogues of their products led to increased demand for ready-made solutions, while individual players in the Russian IT market showed excellent financial results due not only to an increase in the number of projects, but also to price increases, says the group's CEO. T1 Igor Kalganov^[14]

Leading IT companies in Russia agree on self-regulation of software prices

Leading Russian IT companies have agreed on self-regulation of software prices (software), the Ministry of Digital Development said in a statement following a meeting of industry participants on April 17, 2023. The industry was represented by several industry associations, including Russoft, ARPP Fatherland Software and APKIT. According to the department, market participants agreed on the following:

• introduce a mechanism for price self-regulation;
• prepare and sign a memorandum of responsible work in the IT market;
• undertake obligations not to raise software prices above a reasonable level, as well as to post up-to-date information about their maximum cost, including on the official marketplace of Russian software;
• upon receipt of complaints about an unreasonable increase in the cost of software, the company's accreditation may be suspended for the duration of the audit.

At the end of March 2023, the Kommersant newspaper wrote that over the year, Russian software developers raised prices by 30-50%. Buyers attribute the trend to the lack of competition in the market that Western suppliers have left. The developers themselves partly recognize the rise in prices, but more moderate. Large consumers of Russian software previously appealed to the Ministry of Digital Development with a request to influence the situation.

Major foreign companies such as Microsoft and Cisco have restricted service or withdrawn entirely from the Russian market after launching a special military operation in Ukraine. Rustam Rustamov, General Director of the Russian company Red Soft, connects price increases by domestic developers with the need for additional investments and the expansion of staff. Other companies, among the reasons for the rise in prices, call the increase in the salaries of programmers to keep them in the country, training costs and difficulties in purchasing imported equipment.^[15]

RFRIT resumes the program of subsidizing Russian software for small and medium-sized businesses

On April 11, 2023, it became known that the Russian Information Technology Development Fund (RFRIT) was resuming a program to subsidize domestic software for small and medium-sized businesses, including new regions of the Russian Federation. It is also possible that subsidies will apply to additional categories of software. Read more here.

The government approved 100 billion rubles for new system-wide software and Internet services

In early April 2023, the details of the roadmap "New System-Wide Software," approved by the Government Commission on Digital Development, the use of IT to improve the quality of life and business conditions in mid-December 2022, became known. The total costs under this initiative will exceed 100 billion rubles.

According to CNews, specialists from Rostelecom, 1C, VK and Kaspersky Lab took part in the development of the roadmap. Other Russian companies will also develop their projects in the field of system-wide software. New products will become an alternative to foreign solutions, access to which is limited due to the current geopolitical situation.

In accordance with the plan for the implementation of the New System-Wide Software initiative, the amount of funding from extrabudgetary sources until 2030 will amount to 71.5 billion rubles. From this amount, 9.3 billion rubles will be provided by Rostelecom. At least 28.6 billion rubles will be allocated from the budget. Thus, the total costs will be at least 100.1 billion rubles.

The roadmap provides for two areas: "System-wide and applied software" and "New communication Internet technologies." Investments in projects in the first direction until 2030 will amount to more than 100 billion rubles. Of these, as CNews clarifies, 69.4 billion will be provided by extrabudgetary sources. 45.58 billion rubles will be allocated for grant support of projects for the development and implementation of domestic products, services and platform solutions of the second stage (of which the federal budget will provide 26.9 billion rubles, extrabudgetary sources - 18.6 billion rubles). It is planned to spend 30 billion rubles on the creation of an industry venture capital fund. Another 300 million rubles will be spent on ensuring testing of system-wide and application software and assessing its compliance with functional and technical requirements.

Within the framework of the "New Communication Internet Technologies" direction, investments of IT companies in the development of products and services will amount to 2.03 billion rubles. For grant support of projects for the development and implementation of domestic products, services and platform solutions, the federal budget will send 247 million rubles, for expert support and coordination of interaction between the road map participants - 55 million rubles, for concessional lending to companies and the social sphere on the basis of the introduction of domestic products, services and platform solutions - 60 million rubles, for grant support for projects of small enterprises for the development, application and commercialization of solutions - 53 million rubles.^[16]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade and Ministry of Digital Development were instructed to subsidize the costs of enterprises for the introduction of Russian software

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Digital Development to prepare proposals for the provision of subsidies to Russian enterprises and organizations to reimburse part of the costs of introducing Russian solutions developed within the framework of industrial competence centers (ICC). The press service of the Cabinet of Ministers announced this on March 24, 2023. Read more here.

The Moscow region was the first to adopt a law on tax deduction for Russian software

The Moscow region was the first to adopt a law on tax deduction for Russian software. The press service of the regional Ministry of Investment, Industry and Science announced this on March 23, 2023.

The Moscow Regional Duma adopted a law allowing organizations to receive a tax deduction when installing, testing, adapting, modifying the software of developers near Moscow. As explained by the Deputy Prime Minister - Minister of Investments, Industry and Science of the Moscow Region Ekaterina Zinovieva, companies operating in the region can plan their tax burden taking into account new legislation.

The tax deduction can be declared in relation to income tax, the estimated tax rate for write-off is 10%. Reimbursable costs - 50% of software costs. At the same time, the minimum cost of software should be 500 thousand rubles. For example, with the cost of installing domestic software of 500 thousand rubles, 250 thousand rubles can be claimed for a tax deduction, she said.

Companies that purchase software from developers from the Moscow Region will be able to take advantage of the tax deduction. In this case, the software should be included in the unified register of Russian programs. The deduction is available for organizations engaged in manufacturing, telecommunications, information technology, research, education and advertising activities.

Deputy Chairman Zinovieva also noted that the bill will increase the demand for software near Moscow, which will become an incentive for investment in the IT industry. Thus, the sector will confidently develop in the direction of import substitution, she said.^[17]

"Market in exchange for investment." The Ministry of Digital Development has developed a new mechanism for supporting Russian software

Ministry of Digital Development has developed a new mechanism for ensuring demand for Russian software. It was called "the market in exchange for investment," said the deputy head of the department Maxim Parshin. Read more here.

ANO "CKIT" and the Association of KP VET agreed to develop the demand for domestic software and equipment

On March 2, 2023, in Moscow, the director of the Center for Import Substitution Competencies in the ICTIlya Massukh and the chairman of the Association of the Largest Software and Equipment Consumers Renata Abdulina signed a cooperation agreement, the purpose of which is to develop demand for domestic software and equipment through improving Russian solutions in the interests of customers. Read more here.

The Russian authorities will offer conditions for using software from vendors who left Russia

By the end of March 2023, the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation will submit proposals for the use of foreign software, the copyright holders of which have left the Russian Federation, for the period before the transition to Russian analogues. This became known on March 1, 2023.

The head of the department Maksut Shadayev told reporters that this is not about indefinite legalization, but only about a temporary transition period for the development of competitive domestic solutions.

Shadayev explained that the ministry should regulate the conditions for forced use, provided that there are no competitive domestic analogues for some individual positions in the software and time is needed for the transition. At the same time, these conditions will apply exclusively to software from unfriendly countries and only at the time of the development of analogues in Russia.

The head of the department noted that the ministry proposes two options for solving this problem: to allow the use of software or to provide a mechanism for paying for such software, the funds of which will be used to stimulate the development of Russian solutions.

At the beginning of March 2023, the main difficulty is the approval of the draft law, which will determine the rules for using Western software during the development of Russian analogues. Illegal use of copyright objects entails punishment in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation^[18].

2022

The share of Russian software in public procurement in 2022 exceeded 87%

The share of Russian software in public procurement in Russia in 2022 exceeded 87% in physical terms and 54% in monetary terms. This is evidenced by the data of the Center for Competencies in Import Substitution in the Field of Information and Communication Technologies (CKIT), which were published at the end of June 2023. Read more here.

The Ministry of Digital Development approved 70 software projects, which should replace foreign analogues. 70 billion rubles are invested in them

On December 22, 2022, it became known that the Ministry of Digital Development chose about 70 projects of new system-wide software (NOPO) to replace foreign counterparts. Among the developers of approved projects are Rostelecom, Kaspersky Lab, 1C, VK and other companies that will invest about 70 billion rubles in projects until 2030.

According to Kommersant, the authorities promise the developers guaranteed demand, but market participants fear that this could lead to the emergence of monopolists in certain software segments. The publication managed to get acquainted with the "roadmap" of the NOPO, approved by the government on December 16, 2022.

The office of Dmitry Chernyshenko emphasized that the "cards" of the NOPO and NIPO ("New Industrial Software") "are open." In this regard, new developers and projects can be included in them. They also explained that the financing will be carried out at the expense of the federal project "Digital Technologies."

The amount of budget funds is being specified and will be determined when updating the budget parameters for these items, - said the office of Dmitry Chernyshenko.

Among the approved projects is the video content viewing service from Rostelecom Wink, where it is planned to develop user content. Previously, the company requested 1.16 billion rubles for these purposes in the form of credit funds. In total, Rostelecom was approved by about five projects. VK approved the creation of a Russian game "engine," in which it is planned to invest 2.8 billion rubles.

By 2030, it follows from the documents, 71% of the Russian market for system-wide and applied software will be domestic, the expected revenue from projects will be 211 billion rubles, and the audience of Russian social networks and instant messengers will reach 120 million users, according to the publication of the publication.^[19]

Approved roadmaps of new industrial and system-wide software for large customers

The government's Digital Development Commission approved roadmaps "New Industrial Software" and "New System-Wide Software." TAdviser was informed about this on December 16, 2022 in the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation. The documents are the result of systematic work organized on behalf of the Prime Minister of RFMikhail Mishustin within the framework of the ICC (Industrial Competence Centers) and the CDC (Competence Centers for the Development of System-Wide and Applied Software ). Read more here.

2,300 engineering programs must be created Russian developers by 2030. This task is reflected in the roadmap "New Industrial Software." In the roadmap, a significant place is allocated (CAD Computer-aided CAD design) and (PLM Product Lifecycle Management, product lifecycle management systems). According to the plan, by 2025 the share of Russian industrial software should grow from 41% (in 2022). up to 58%, and by 2030 it will be 90%, the company said on December 26, 2022. IVC

The Ministry of Digital Development has developed a mechanism for guaranteed demand for Russian software

On December 13, 2022, it became known about the decision of the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation to launch a new mechanism for supporting domestic software developers within the framework of two new "road maps" for the development of the industry - "New System-Wide Software" and "New Industrial Software."

According to Kommersant, the developer will first prepare a description of the software, and then look for a customer for him and conclude an agreement with Ministry of Digital Development on the release of the product. After that, the ministry must provide the developer with guaranteed demand for a solution.

It is noted that the mechanism is assembled in the image and likeness of "end-to-end projects" launched in the fall of 2021. Within its framework, anchor customers guarantee electronics manufacturers the demand for equipment that is not yet available, and the state compensates up to 50% of the order price.

A year later, not a single end-to-end project received approval, according to the source at the electronics manufacturer. However, attention to such schemes is increasing amid a lack of funds to finance developers on a grant basis.

In November 2022, it became known about another attempt by the Ministry of Digital Development to find mechanisms to support market participants without direct budget injections - through advantages in the public procurement market. Initially, the ministry planned to finance their projects through grants from the Russian Information Technology Support Fund and the Skolkovo Foundation. However, according to Kommersant, the allocated funds are not enough for all approved projects to replace foreign software.

In the absence of direct financial support for Russian IT companies, ensuring guaranteed demand can become one of the mechanisms for the development of the industry, the source said in a large Russian IT company. Any large public or private company interested in the import independence of its IT infrastructure can become an anchor customer, he added.^[20]

The Ministry of Digital Development will oblige software developers to ensure compatibility of their products with Russian processors

Ministry of Digital Development will oblige developers ON to ensure compatibility of their products with Russian processors. On November 22, 2022, the new requirement was announced by "" Interfax with reference to the corresponding draft government decree.

According to the document, excerpts from which the agency cites, developers of application and system software included in the register of domestic software will have to implement its integration with at least one central processor from the register of Russian radio-electronic products or industrial products. This greatly simplifies the work of programmers, since in Russia there is a fairly large range of domestic processors, including various modifications of Baikal and Elbrus.

The project also proposes to establish a requirement according to which software from the register of Russian software should run at least one Russian operating system that has passed the procedure for confirming compliance with additional requirements. This is stated in the explanatory note to the project. In addition, if the user has access to the software via the Internet, it will be necessary to ensure the possibility of using at least one Internet browser, information about which is included in the register of Russian software.

The draft resolution defines software products from the register, which will be subject to additional requirements. So, these are general-purpose OS, database management tools, office applications, communication software, office packages, mail applications, organizers, browsers, browsers, presentation editors, table and text editors, file managers, electronic document management systems and anti-virus protection.^[21]

About 9.5 thousand entrepreneurs of the Moscow region purchased Russian software at a discount

About 9.5 thousand entrepreneurs Moscow area purchased the Russian ON at a discount. This was announced on November 9, 2022 in. Ministry of Public Administration, Information Technologies and Communications of the Moscow Region More details. here

The Ministry of Digital Development will determine domestic OS for state support

In early November 2022, it became known about the plans of the Ministry of Digital Development Science to determine the three most promising domestic operating systems for state support included in the register of Russian software. In the future, the department may oblige Russian developers to adapt their software for these platforms.

According to Kommersant, three priority operating systems were identified: Astra Linux (Astra Group of Companies), Alt OS (BASEALT) and Red OS (Red Soft). At the same time, the head of the Ministry of Digital Development Maksut Shadayev said that the ministry intends to determine three or four Russian operating systems that should be compatible with the software of Russian IT companies by the end of 2022.

We have a separate center that is responsible for the OS. They must formulate together with the industry a set of Russian operating systems with which we will demand compatibility from all companies. Will be from 3-4, "he said.

According to Shadayev, within two to three years, all domestic software developers will have to have a version of their developments that will work on the selected OS.

Valentin Makarov, President of the Russoft Association, suggests that three domestic OSs will be enough for Russian enterprises. According to him, each OS requires the development of individual applications, maintaining their compatibility, the additional costs as a result fall on users.

It is common practice to give the most frequently used software, and the OS is probably the most common segment, the status of a standard or quasi-standard, which reduces the cost of developing applications and ensuring their compatibility with such standards, adds Makarov.

According to a Kommersant source, it is not planned to exclude domestic systems from the register that were not included in the top 3 in popularity.^[22]

Entrepreneurs purchased half a million licenses for Russian software with a 50% discount

Representatives small and medium-sized businesses purchased more than 500 thousand licenses under the the Russian cloudy software program. Ministry of Digital Development of Russia This support measure allows you to buy Russian at ON a 50% discount state , compensates half of the cost of the license to its manufacturers. This was reported in the Ministry of Digital Development of Russia on October 7, 2022. More. here

Russia plans to introduce a specialized mechanism for guaranteed demand for Russian software

Russia They plan to introduce a specialized mechanism for guaranteed demand for Russian. Representatives ON Ministry of Digital Development of large customers and Russian ones were involved in its development. This was announced software developers on September 6, 2022 by the company. To IVC ensure guaranteed demand, it is planned to establish cooperation between existing and new software development competence centers (CDCs), which unite developers software with industrial competence centers (ICCs), which include large customers.

On August 24, 2022, a meeting was held in the Ministry of Digital Development, at which representatives of IT associations (APKIT, ARPE, ARPP "Domestic Software" and "Russoft") and officials discussed the principles of interaction between Russian customers and developers. The meeting participants decided that in order to remove the IT infrastructure from the sanctions risks, organizations need to draw up a list of foreign programs used, with the acquisition and support of which difficulties arose. Then consult with Russian developers which domestic solutions can be replaced. Developers will be able to understand which programs they can provide to customers immediately, and which need to be written. A RFRIT grant can be received to create such software .

The mechanism of guaranteed demand for Russian software is a very necessary measure. It will help prioritize and concentrate the forces of developers on what customers need, "said Grigory Sizonenko, CEO of IVK. - But it is important to organize the process so that the starting point of projects is not imported software, but the real needs of organizations. Yes, over the years of working with foreign programs, users are accustomed to them and de facto assigned the status of reference. But it is worth auditing business processes in which foreign software is used, as inconsistencies are detected. On the one hand, foreign programs very often have excessive functionality for which the organization pays, but does not use as unnecessary. On the other hand, this software lacks a number of required functions. Now all participants in the IT market have a great opportunity to correct both of these shortcomings by establishing constructive interaction between customers and software developers. I hope that the approach to solving the problem will not be formal, and software products will appear on the Russian market that meet the needs of organizations and enterprises as accurately as possible.

Ministry of Industry and Trade: Microsoft's departure from Russia is "an absolutely positive step" for domestic developers

On July 4, 2022, the deputy head Ministry of Industry and Trade Vasily Shpak announced the positive impact of the care Microsoft on Russian manufacturers. software More. here

A quarter of Russian business uses only domestic IT products

A third of Russian companies (33%) have already begun or are planning to transfer their business processes to domestic IT solutions in the near future. According to entrepreneurs, it is unsafe to use foreign software: some products cannot be paid for, and the cost of others has recently increased. These are the results of a study conducted by the NAFI Analytical Center together with the Cyber ​ ​ Cyberprotect company, which announced this on June 24, 2022.

A quarter of Russian business (25%) uses only domestic products IT. At the same time, for most companies (69%), questions import substitution ON may be relevant, since they either combine work with Russian and foreign (software 61%), or use only imported IT products (8%).

Business plans for import substitution of software

A third of enterprises (33%) plan to transfer their business entirely to Russian software.

Every tenth (11%) has already started the corresponding processes. To a greater extent, this applies to organizations in Moscow (31%), logistics and warehouse enterprises (20%), medium-sized businesses (21%).

Every fifth respondent (22%) notes that active actions on import substitution in the company have not yet begun, but are planned.

14% of small and medium-sized businesses do not plan a complete transition to Russian IT solutions. Among them, enterprises leading in the field of IT, information and communications (38%) and operating in the market from 5 to 10 years (20%) prevail.

19% of companies have not yet thought about full import substitution of software products.

{{quote 'author = said Leysan Baimuratova, Director of Digital Economy Research at NAFI Analytical Center. | The data obtained show that small and medium-sized businesses are still in standby mode. However, the question of the software used in the company is likely to soon become very acute, since the reliability and continuity of IT products are of great importance - in the era of digitalization, almost all processes in companies are built on IT solutions. " }}

{{quote 'author = noted Elena Bocherova, executive director of Cyberprotect. | Interestingly, a quarter of small and medium-sized businesses already use only domestic software, although state measures to stimulate import substitution, operating in Russia since 2015, were mainly aimed at government agencies and large businesses with state participation. Such a result may indicate that for the SMB segment there are already full-fledged alternatives to foreign software, but companies take a traditionally cautious position in a state of uncertainty. However, every day the risks of using software dependent on external factors grow. As a developer, we see a multiple increase in interest in domestic solutions. The situation can also be changed by additional measures that the state is developing to support the implementation and use of domestic software, many of which have already begun to operate and bring results,}}

An all-Russian representative survey of entrepreneurs was conducted by the NAFI Analytical Center in May 2022. 500 representatives of micro, small and medium-sized businesses of all major industries economies in all federal districts were interviewed. The RUSSIAN FEDERATION respondents were business owners, top officials of companies and individual entrepreneurs.

Chernyshenko: Since the end of February, the demand for domestic software has grown by 300%

From the end of February to mid-June 2022, the demand for domestic software in Russia increased significantly. In some categories of software, such as office applications, operating systems and data management systems, sales growth reached 300% compared to February-June 2021. Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko announced this on June 16, 2022.

Our decisions do not have colonial manners, like foreign ones, which are tied forever or violate the monopoly on data. The dynamics of the export of our software should grow. We want to see Russia as a leader, a new player in the market who will win these positions. Many of our solutions can compete with foreign ones. They do not contain backdoors and unpleasant treatment of personal data, which we see in Western decisions, from which the whole world is shy away, - said the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation.

According to him, by mid-June 2022, there are about 14 thousand products from more than 4 thousand manufacturers in the register of domestic software, "which indicates the formation of proposals."

The Deputy Prime Minister stressed that there is a demand for domestic technological solutions. As part of the new digital agenda, not only import substitution will be carried out, but also the promotion of Russian products to foreign markets, he added.

According to Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, domestic developers have every opportunity to fill the market with the necessary software after the departure of foreign manufacturers.

By 2025, all foreign solutions and hardware and software complexes according to the plans should be decommissioned and replaced with Russian ones, the head of the Government of the Russian Federation recalled.[23]

The Ministry of Digital Development has expanded the list of preferential domestic software

Ten more software copyright holders have become participants in the program to support the digitalization of small and medium-sized businesses. This became known on June 11, 2022. Previously, Ministry of Digital Development invited companies to offer their digital solutions to participate in the program.

The program was supplemented with products from companies:

• Astral-Soft (electronic document management);
• "Electronic express" (electronic document flow);
• Smartub (solutions for attracting new customers);
• "Supl.biz" (platform for finding suppliers and buyers);
• "PalitrumLab" (monitoring and analysis of social media);
• HRlink (human resources department optimization);
• Global Monitoring"" (optimization logistics);
• "Kickidler" (time and attendance system);
• "Instrucbase" (personnel training platform);
• "Ot-soft" (digitalization of labor protection).

We see that the launched support program encourages small and medium-sized businesses to implement Russian digital solutions. In two months, more than 100 thousand licenses were purchased with a 50% discount. And in total, since the start of the program in 2021 - over 400 thousand in the amount of 900 million rubles. The list of available software is continuously updated. It includes additional products that our entrepreneurs can successfully use, - said Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Dmitry Chernyshenko.

Preferential conditions were implemented by compensating half of the cost of the license to software manufacturers from the federal budget. To receive support measures from entrepreneurs, additional documents and reporting are not required. The company makes a purchase in the usual way on the manufacturer's website. The only requirement is to be in the register of SMEs.

As of June 2022, there are 98 software products from 32 Russian copyright holders in the program. The selection of other participants continues - you can apply on the State Public services portal. Also, together with the regions, we conducted a survey of representatives of small and medium-sized businesses, learning what software they want to see in the program. As a result, more than 190 copyright holders will be invited to present their products, - said Russian Deputy Head of the Ministry of Digital Development Maxim Parshin.

The program is being implemented within the framework of the federal project "Digital Technologies" of the national program "Digital Economy of Russia." The operator of the support measure is the Russian Fund for the Development of Information Technologies of the Ministry of^[24].

About 50% of Russians are satisfied with the quality of Russian software

YuOney and Rambler & Co have found out how the demand for Russian software has changed. The results of the survey were shared by YuOney.

About 50% of Russians are satisfied with the quality of Russian software, 60% of users have been using it for several years. Russian companies have become almost 40 times more likely to buy software for their employees.

Most of the respondents (29%) use domestic browsers and antiviruses on their working computer. Russian office packages and mail choose 18%, and accounting - 16%. Also popular among employees are domestic operating systems (9%), cloud services and CRM systems (4%), video conferencing systems (4%).

On home computers, users also tend to use Russian browsers and antiviruses (24%). Among 12% of respondents, office packages and mail are in demand, every tenth chooses operating systems. Photo and video editors, programs for working with PDF-files cloudy and services account for 3%, 3% and 2%, respectively.

The rest of the survey participants have not yet used Russian software. At the same time, they are ready to switch from foreign software to domestic software, if the quality of programs and choice increase, 67% said this. For 21%, the recommendations of friends and colleagues are important, another 12% needs a lower price.

49% of respondents are satisfied with the quality of domestic software, and 41% believe that it can be done better. The remaining 10% do not yet like everything about it. For several years, Russian software has been used by 60% of surveyed users, for more than a year - 17%, and for less than a year - 10%. Another 13% switched to domestic programs quite recently.

Most of the respondents (64%) believe that state and commercial support for IT startups could stimulate Russian developers to create more software. About 15% believe that improving working conditions can cope with this, 11% count on additional education, 5% each on a free work schedule and social benefits.

From January 1 to May 31, 2022, Russian employers were 39 times more likely to buy different software for their employees in comparison with the same period in 2021. The turnover of B2B payments of online stores selling software through YuKassa increased 8.7 times. Most of the software companies purchased in the amount of one to five thousand rubles - the share of such purchases was 60%.

The import substitution process in the IT sphere has been going on for several years. A register of domestic software has been created, which as of June 2022 has more than 13 thousand positions. There is state support under which entrepreneurs can purchase Russian software with a 50% discount. Interest in domestic developments will only grow, "said Dmitry Karmishin, commercial director of fintech company YuOney.

For five months of 2022, users bought 28% more software than in the same period in 2021. Online platform turnover increased by 41%, and payers increased by 74%. Most often, they bought software in the amount of one to five thousand rubles - 30% of the total number of payments in this segment.

The Rambler & Co survey involved 7,286 users. Most are men between the ages of 31 and 45 (66%). The study by YuKassa took into account payments between companies from January 1 to May 31, 2022 and 2021, as well as purchases of users in online stores selling various software.

An experiment on the introduction of open source software has begun in Russia

On May 2, 2022, it became known that the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation began an experiment to grant the right to use open source software owned by Russia, the experiment will last two years. The corresponding draft government decree was published on the official portal of legal information.

Conduct an experiment from May 1, 2022 to April 30, 2024 to grant the right to use programs for electronic computers belonging to the Russian Federation under an open license and create conditions for the distribution of free software, the document says.

As part of the experiment, it is planned to create a national repository designed to freely publish and maintain repositories of software source texts and additional data used in managing the processes of creating, modifying and storing software by individuals and legal entities without restrictions.

This new culture is more dynamic than traditional, - said Deputy Minister of Digital Development of the Russian Federation Maxim Parshin[25].

The Ministry of Digital Development has published a list of priority areas of Russian IT solutions

Ministry of Digital Development of Russia published a list with priority directions the Russian IT- solutions that can support. state This became known on April 11, 2022. More. here

Small business can now buy Russian software with a 50% discount

On April 8, 2022, it was announced the start of the program to compensate for half of the cost of buying domestic software for small and medium-sized businesses. By the time of its launch, entrepreneurs are available at a discount of more than 130 products from 29 Russian manufacturers. Read more here.

Rosreestr's bill on the transition to domestic geo-information technologies adopted in the first reading

The State Duma adopted in the first reading the draft federal law developed by Rosreestr "On Amendments to the Federal Law" On Geodesy, Cartography and Spatial Data and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation "and the Land Code of the Russian Federation." This was announced on February 22, 2022 to TAdviser in Rosreestr. Read more here.

2021

17.7 billion rubles will be directed to the development of new production technologies until 2024

17.7 billion rubles will be directed to the development of new production technologies until 2024. This amount of funding is provided for by the roadmap developed by Rostec and Rosatom. The amount is less than the one that was laid down in a similar document adopted two years ago. The Center for Import Substitution in the Field of ICT will become the coordinator of new production technologies. This became known in December 2021.

Of the 17.7 billion rubles, the federal budget will allocate 8.7 billion rubles, extrabudgetary sources will amount to about 9 billion rubles, including funds from Rostec and Rosatom - 750 million rubles.

The action plan provides for the creation of a distributed network of test laboratories for verification, validation and testing industrial software on the basis of Rostec and Rosatom enterprises, as well as the creation of industry centers for the implementation, support and development of IT solutions.

The network of testing laboratories should solve the application tasks of industrial companies to develop target models of business processes using the tools/approaches of the Rosatom production system, develop a target architecture, test, implement, support and develop ASW.

Funding will be distributed under the following items:

• reducing the critical level of dependence of Russian enterprises on the supply of foreign ASW solutions - 2.46 billion rubles (financing is provided for in 2021);
• ensuring the activities of the Competence Center in the field of new production technologies - 400 million rubles (until 2024);
• creation of Rosatom's own industry center for implementation, support and development - 80 million rubles (own funds of the state corporation);
• development and piloting of products within the framework of Smart Design subtechnologies for the period up to 2024 - 1.52 billion rubles;
• creation of CAE systems - 789 million rubles;
• development in the field of DT/SPDM - 480 million rubles;
• development in the field of CAD, CAM, CARP, PLM, PDM systems - 250 million rubles;
• replication of products within the framework of the Smart Design sub-technology will be allocated 858 million rubles;
• development and piloting of products from sub-technology Smart Manufacturing from extra-budgetary sources will be allocated 86 million rubles.

Russian software rose in price by 20% after the introduction of tax benefits

By the end of September 2021, relative to the beginning of the same year, prices for Russian software soared by 20%, while in the past the growth did not exceed 10% per year.

Kommersant writes about the strong rise in price of domestic software with reference to large IT companies. The publication notes that the rise in the cost of software was not restrained by the tax maneuver measures that entered into force on January 1, 2021: income tax decreased from 20% to 3%, insurance premiums - from 14% to 7.6%, and for organizations included in the register of domestic software, the possibility of zeroing VAT remained.

The acceleration of "inflation" in the Russian market is due to the fact that it follows the global situation, where prices also increased by 20%, said Navicon Chief information officer Nikolai Yakushev. Other surveyed companies explained the rise in prices by the salaries of programmers.

As noted by the commercial director of New Cloud Technologies (NOT, developer of the MyOffice system) Elena Nepochatova, the largest cost item of IT companies is the wage fund. The sales market is not growing, and more and more money is required to pay for the services of programmers. The tax maneuver made it possible to prevent a more noticeable rise in price and maintain the pace of development.

NGR Softlab CEO Dmitry Pudov agrees that the production resource is becoming more expensive, and the sales market is not growing at the same pace.

Nepochatova notes that it was because of the tax maneuver that Russian companies managed to keep the cost of products at the same level this year. The executive director of Reksoft Evgeny Mineev adheres to a similar position.

Another reason for the rise in prices for software products was general high inflation, adds CorpSoft24 CEO Konstantin Renzyaev: developers and IT consultants reacted to it, not wanting to worsen living conditions.^[26]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade asked developers to quickly adapt the software for Russian processors

Ministry of Industry and Trade asked the developers to quickly adapt ON to the Russian processors "" and Elbrus"" This Baikal follows from the letter of the deputy head of the department, Oleg Bocharov which was sent out on July 28, 2021.

As Kommersant writes with reference to this document, compatible solutions are already available for the basic set of software, or such solutions are already being developed. At the same time, adaptation is not carried out and is not planned for a number of important, widely used programs. We are talking about such software as IFCPlugin, 1C, Consultant +, Compass 3D, P7-Office, Arenadata - extremely popular solutions. The ministry expects that by 2023 domestic processors will use at least 70% of computers purchased by government agencies.

According to Valentin Makarov, President of the Russoft Association, the process of adapting Russian software for Elbrus and Baikal is slowing down, among other things, due to the risks of small volumes of purchases of equipment on Russian processors by the public sector. Previously, this factor was associated only with how the budgets of departments will be formed, but now there are risks of the impossibility of supplying processors on time due to the problems of the global shortage of capacity in production, he said.

The representative of 1C confirmed to the publication that the issue of compatibility of 1C: Enterprise with Baikal processors by mid-August 2021 is being worked out. The developer "P7-Office" called compatibility "one of the important tasks for the company," but indicated that this process "lacks coordinated project management." The ICST (manufacturer of Elbrus) recognizes the resource intensity of this task, for which there is now no separate subsidy.

By August 2021, by law, departments and state-owned companies now have no obligation to use computers with Russian processors. But from 2022, in accordance with the amendments to government decree No. 719 adopted at the end of last year, they will have to purchase PCs and servers with Russian processors^[27]

Mishustin approved the rules for subsidizing small businesses for the purchase of domestic software

Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation on the approval of the rules for the provision of subsidies for the purchase of software for small and medium-sized businesses. The press service of the Cabinet of Ministers announced this on July 1, 2021. Read more here.

The Ministry of Digital Development intends to ban foreign software in schools of the Russian Federation

On March 10, 2021, it became known about the Russian Ministry of Digital Development plan to stimulate the development of the IT industry, according to which a ban on the use of foreign software in schools may be introduced in December. Performers of the project are appointed the Ministry of Digital Development and Minprosveshcheniya.

The press service of Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko told Vedomosti that a package of measures for the development of the IT industry is being worked out, in a few days it will be made public and then approved. These measures were prepared with direct interaction with market participants, a representative of Chernyshenko clarified to the publication.

If a decision is made on import substitution ON in schools, it will suffer the most, Microsoft since the company is the main provider of solutions in schools, ranging operating system Windows from and to office packages, says KPMG Russia CIS Sergey Vikharev, director of technology practice in and.

Sergey Kudryashov, partner of the Deloitte risk management department, considers the lack of integration between such tools to be the main problem when switching to domestic software in schools.

These programs are non-systemic and do not allow integrated planning, attendance accounting, rating, and homework. Teachers have to work with several platforms, and half of them are from foreign developers. If we take into account the prospects for tightening the criteria for "fatherland" and consider Russian only the software that works on domestic equipment, its choice is sharply narrowing, "he explained.

Experts interviewed by Vedomosti could not specify the volume of the software market for schools and the potential volume of import substitution, noting that with mass substitution, each transaction can be measured in billions of rubles.^[28]

2020

IT companies offered the Ministry of Digital Development to install a domestic OS on all computers

As it became known on October 6, 2020, Russian IT companies proposed to the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media to install a domestic operating system on all personal computers that will be sold to Russia.

We are talking about a list of measures to support the IT industry, which was formed by market participants, IT associations and experts. Now Ministry of Digital Development must submit the list to Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko. A copy of the document is available to RBC.

It is proposed to pre-install the domestic OS and office programs on all new computers due to the fact that not all engineering software developers by October 2020 solve the issues of compatibility of their products with domestic systems and office packages. According to the authors of the initiative, the introduction of such a requirement will have a positive effect on reducing dependence on foreign software.

Who received this proposal is not reported. As one of the sources of RBC explained, this was done on purpose so as not to influence the opinion of departments when considering proposals. The general director of the company "BASEALT" (developer of operating systems based on Linux) Alexei Smirnov suggested that this is "one of the branches of the development of the idea of ​ ​ the Federal Antimonopoly Service for the mandatory pre-installation of domestic software on all devices."

Representative of the Association of Trading Companies and Manufacturers of Household and Computer Equipment (it includes Dell, HP, Apple, Samsung, etc.) Anton Guskov called such requirements "at least redundant." According to him, when installing a domestic OS on a computer, "it is not known how the device will behave, so the manufacturer will not be able to guarantee the stability and quality of its work."^[29]

The government allocated 1 billion rubles to developers of "contactless" programs

In early June 2020, it became known that the Government of the Russian Federation allocates 1 billion rubles to support software development projects that can eliminate physical contact of people.

We are talking about solutions for social distancing, remote work, study and leisure, online employment, advisory and communication services and telemedicine, writes Forbes with reference to the government's plan for economic recovery.

Various development institutions will finance such projects on a competitive basis: the Skolkovo Foundation, the Russian Venture Company, the Russian Information Technology Foundation, the Bortnik Foundation and others. The competition commissions will include experts from the ANO "Digital Economy."

At different stages, it is planned to select about 300 projects that will receive cherished grants. Developers of any applications that "help avoid physical contact of people" will be able to apply for participation in the competition. The Ministry of Communications was appointed responsible for this program.

Experts interviewed by Forbes believe that the idea to support "isolation" startups arose due to the growing popularity of solutions for remote work,  including in the public sector.

The very fact of the state's attention to the development of "contactless" software is positive, although the amount of 1 billion rubles on a state-wide scale is not very large, says Nikolai Legkodimov, head of practice for working with companies in the technology, media and telecommunications sector at KPMG in Russia and the CIS. But in many of these areas - telemedicine, distance learning, online employment - to support the industry, it is much more relevant to remove regulatory barriers, and not direct financial assistance, the expert argues , and any protectionist solutions in the field of IT development potentially lead to a decrease in product quality for the end consumer.^[30]

2019

Natalya Kasperskaya asks the government for 39 billion rubles for state support for software developers

Natalya Kaspersky, president of the Infowatch group of companies and head of the information security working group within the framework of the Digital Economy national program, decided to ask the government for state support for Russian software developers in the amount of 39 billion rubles. Previously, it was about the amount of 5 billion rubles, she told Vedomosti in December 2019.

I plan to meet with the profile Deputy Prime Minister Maxim Akimov and propose to increase state support to Russian developers. Now the budget for these purposes provides for 5 billion rubles - this is very little, "Kasperskaya explained.

According to her, the working group within the framework of the "Digital Economy" named eight classes of software for which additional funds need to be allocated, using criteria of importance for critical infrastructure and the degree of commercialization of products.

Initially, the group calculated that 70 billion rubles are needed for state support for software developers, but at the request of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, this amount was reduced to 39 billion rubles for 2021-2023.

Sources of the publication familiar with the participants in the discussion say that if the proposal is approved, the money can be allocated in the form of grants. According to the interlocutors, the working group proposes to allocate 10 billion rubles for the development of office applications, browsers, search engines and instant messengers, 5 billion rubles for operating systems. Kasperskaya did not comment on this data.

Among the existing operating systems, only Windows from Microsoft is successfully commercialized, it is not possible to earn a lot on other developments. Therefore, we have added a class of operating systems to development classes that need state support. In each class, it is worth financing several companies, they have not yet been determined, - said Natalya Kasperskaya.[31]

Criteria for state support have been developed for domestic software

On December 5, 2019, it became known about the criteria for state support of Russian software. They were approved by the working group in the direction of "Information Security" of the national program "Digital Economy."

As RBC writes with reference to the materials of the closed meeting, its participants proposed to divide priority software into three groups, depending on "" the degree of importance for the development of Russia "and" predicted possible monetization. "

• Group I: operating systems; executable code preparation tools (compilers, interpreters, debuggers); utilities and drivers critical to the functioning of the digital economy; subroutine libraries (SDKs) for other priority domestic projects;
• Group II: database management systems, information security tools, including on mobile devices, systems for collecting, storing and processing information, etc.;
• Group III: built-in ON telecommunication equipment, office applications (file managers,,, messengers browsers text and other editors), search engines, as well as specialized information systems, including software for geophysical research.

The size of state support may depend on which group the software was included in. Products from the first group will claim the highest priority, and from the last - the lowest.

The prepared document must be approved by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications and the Russian Fund for the Development of Information Technologies (RFRIT). Representatives of the foundation and the ministry said that the final version of the criteria will be made public before the end of 2019.

The criteria for grant support are needed so that RFRIT can announce a competition for financing projects. The working group decided to adopt the current version of the criteria and finalize them already during practical application, when the developers will receive the first grants.^[32]

The entry into force of the updated rules for checking Russian software

On February 4, 2019, it became known about the entry into force of Order of the Ministry of Communications No. 722 on the approval of the procedure and methodology for confirming the compliance of computer programs and databases, information about which is included in the register of Russian software, with additional requirements approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 23, 2017 No. 325. Read more here.

2016

Allocation of 5 billion rubles to finance software development

March 1, 2016 Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the announced that it Government of the Russian Federation approved the ministry's proposed measure to support the development and promotion of Russian software () ON for 2016 in the amount of 5 billion. rubles The corresponding item is included in the "Action Plan Dmitry Medvedev of the Government Russia aimed at ensuring stable socio-economic development in 2016," approved today by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation of the Russian Federation. The plan contains structural measures aimed at diversifying the economy.

"This is an excellent example of targeted structural reform, which has a positive effect on the development of the technological sector," said Nikolai Nikiforov, head of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia. - Earlier, the ministry proposed various initiatives in this area, some of them have already been implemented, and now we have received an agreed source of funding for key projects in the field of developing critical software. Since January 1 (2016), the register of Russian software has been operating, it is actively filling up, and I am sure that thanks to this decision, state customers in the future will be able to save significant amounts of funds through purchases of Russian software created with state support, since it will be cheaper than foreign. "

The event provides for the selection and implementation of at least eight priority projects for the development or modification of competitive software, its localization and promotion in the markets of foreign countries. Draft acts of the Government of the Russian Federation, which determine the procedure for selecting projects and the conditions for their financing, should be developed in March 2016.

The event will be financed from revenues from auctions held in February 2016 for obtaining licenses for the provision of communication services in the amount of up to 5 billion rubles in 2016. At the same time, the volume of co-financing of projects in 2016-2017 should amount to at least 6 billion rubles.

The result of the action should be an increase in software sales volumes, according to the selected priority projects, and related services in foreign markets of at least US $30 million in 2017 and US $40 million in 2018, savings on software purchases from the federal budget in the amount of at least 2 billion rubles in 2017 and 3 billion rubles in 2018, as well as funds of companies with state participation in the amount of at least 2 billion rubles in 2017 and 3 billion rubles in 2018.

Register of domestic software approved

Main article: Register of domestic software

On January 1, 2016, the work of the Register of Domestic Software was approved, which should be used by government agencies and state corporations of Russia when choosing software that can replace foreign solutions.

2015

The rules for the formation of a register of domestic software have been approved

Government Decree No. 1236 of November 16, 2015 approved the rules for the formation of a register of domestic software.

The Ministry of Finance refuses the Ministry of Communications to create an organization to finance software

In the summer of 2015, the Ministry of Communications proposed the creation of a special autonomous non-profit organization to finance software developers. The financial and economic bloc again opposed.

Vladimir Putin signs a law on the register of domestic software

The creation of a register of Russian software is enshrined in a federal law signed by President Vladimir Putin in June 2015.

2014

Mnkomsvyaz is looking for money to finance the development of domestic software

In September 2014, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications offered to help developers with money through a 10% target fee on software sales in Russia. Minister of Communications Nikolai Nikiforov was going to invest 120 billion rubles. over 10 years in domestic IT developments. Russian President Vladimir Putin agreed with this idea. But the financial and economic bloc of the government did not support her. According to officials, this money is difficult to collect and administer.

The next possible mechanism for financing the industry was the idea of ​ ​ abolishing preferential VAT on licensed software. But this also had to be abandoned in December 2014, when, in a message to the Federal Assembly, the president proposed fixing tax conditions for the next four years.

July 30, 2014: Discussions of the definition of "Domestic Software" in the Duma

As CNews reported on the eve of the final meeting of the Duma commission, its executive secretary Andrei Chernogorov, after long reflections, the commission was ready to soften the requirements for the permissible share of foreign participation in IT companies. But to agree that the remaining Russian share of the company in theory will also be able to have a certain Western affiliation, the commission resolutely refused. Chernogorov expressed sincere bewilderment that the association, in the name of which the word "domestic" is present, is in fact trying to play into the hands of foreign companies. Under these conditions, he predicted an extremely ambiguous outcome of the final meeting of the commission, but his pessimistic forecasts did not materialize.

The final definitions, which will be included in the document intended for State Duma deputies, should be formulated by August 1. However, on July 30, it is clear that in relation to the domestic developer, we are talking about not exceeding foreign participation in the company at a level of 49%. At the same time, all "offshore" reservations are noted about the possibility of determining the share of Russian ownership through derivatives, etc.

Also, the meeting participants managed to come to a consensus that in determining the Russian IT product, it is necessary in some way to limit the permissible percentage of components contained in it, which require royalties to foreign companies or their subsidiaries registered in the Russian Federation. True, Andrei Chernogorov was not ready to name the exact figure immediately after the meeting - this aspect continues to be discussed. The^[33].

The Duma commission admits that as of July 30, 2014, there is no single regulatory act where all these definitions could be introduced, but it is quite obvious that they will be required if you legally try to support domestic companies and create preferences for them in public procurement. Therefore, in the context of the import substitution policy declared in the state, all this work seems very relevant.

July 23, 2014: Definition of the Ministry of Industry and Trade

On July 23, 2014, a meeting was held at the presidential administration, at which the criteria for determining domestic software (software) developed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade were discussed. Several people who participated in the meeting or close to Russian developers told Vedomosti about this. Vedomosti had at its disposal a draft proposal from the ministry with the definition of "software of Russian origin," which almost completely coincides with the recommendations of several associations of Russian software companies - the Association of Software Developers, Russoft, the Russian Association of Free Software and the Association of Manufacturers of Electronic Equipment and Devices.

In early June 2014, the presidential administration recommended that the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Communications develop a definition of domestic software. The departments had time until July 10 to fulfill this order: firstly, to prepare definitions of domestic software and its manufacturer, and secondly, to develop amendments to legislation that stimulate state authorities and state corporations to acquire primarily software of Russian origin.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade proposes to consider as domestic the software product, the rights to which belong to the Russian legal entity, at least 51% of the authorized capital of which belongs to Russian residents - individuals or companies, state-owned companies and state corporations, unitary enterprises or constituent entities of the Federation. We are talking about the ultimate beneficiaries, and not about formal owners, follows from the proposals developed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade.

State support for domestic software developers will help the development of the industry and will help strengthen the position of Russian companies in the domestic and international markets, according to a document studied by Vedomosti. True, its authors warn, imposing state-owned buyers of domestic software is fraught with a decrease in competition: a domestic developer will be deliberately confident in state support, and he will not be motivated to develop a software product. The participants of yesterday's meeting agreed that when discussing import substitution, it is necessary to separate the economic aspect (support for the Russian IT industry) from technological (IT security), says Kirill Varlamov, director of the Internet Initiatives Development Fund, who was present at it.

Experts from the Ministry of Industry and Trade see the creation and maintenance of a register of domestic software as the main tool for regulating the industry. The agency proposes to assign Russian status to software products according to the same scheme that applies to telecommunications equipment (Russian status is assigned to equipment, depending on how much of its cost is in Russia).

Several people close to the meeting participants know that the essence of the ministry's proposals is as follows. And on July 21, 2014, a meeting of the interim commission under the Federation Council on the issue of import substitution of software was held, and the representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Communications who were present there agreed with the definition of Russian software as a product, the rights to which belong to a person controlled by Russian residents by at least 51%, says member of the upper chamber Ruslan Gattarov.

This position coincides with the proposals of the Russian associations of software developers, but differs from the proposal made on July 3, 2014 by members of the commission under the State Duma Committee on Science and Science-Intensive Technologies. They proposed to consider a Russian IT company worthy of priority access to a state order, such an enterprise in which the share of foreign capital does not exceed 25% minus 1 share, in which more than 75% of revenue is generated in Russia, which is a Russian tax and legal resident, and the share of foreigners among its employees does not exceed 25%. This idea belonged to the National Association for Innovation and Development of Information Technologies (NAIRIT), headed by Olga Uskova, president of the Russian developer Cognitive Technologies and a member of the commission under the Duma committee. Yesterday, a representative of NAIRIT told Vedomosti that this association has already agreed on a position with the rest of the IT associations. And the executive secretary of the commission under the Duma committee, Andrei Chernogorov, admitted that her previous position was tough - it will be softened, he knows.

The option that linked the Russian origin of software with Russia's contribution to the revenue of its developer did not leave a chance to become a "domestic manufacturer" of either Kaspersky Lab or, for example, Parallels (Parallels Software): both have most of the income generated outside of Russia. The new criteria, which were supported by the Ministry of Industry and Trade, "are agreed with market participants and are much more balanced and suitable for determining domestic software," says Sergey Zemkov, Managing Director of Kaspersky Lab in Russia, Transcaucasia and Central Asia. The criterion for intellectual property belonging to a Russian legal entity makes sense, but it is important that the development be in Russia, warns Nikolai Dobrovolsky, vice president for virtualization of Parallels personal computers. Otherwise, a foreign company will be able to transfer the rights to a foreign product not related to its development, but to a Russian legal entity affiliated with it, while it is also impossible to quickly transfer development to the desired country, he argues^[34] The Ministry of^[34] and Trade^[34].

An employee of the press service of the presidential administration limited himself to confirming the fact of yesterday's meeting. And the representative of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications said only that the department, fulfilling the instructions of the president, is conducting "comprehensive work on the development of Russian software": in particular, on July 18, a meeting was held with representatives of the largest Russian IT companies, where "the feasibility and practical benefits of introducing and determining the criteria of domestic software were discussed in detail" and specific support measures.

July 15, 2014: Definition of "Domestic Software" from industry associations

On July 15, 2014, the profile IT associations of ARPP "Domestic Software," Russoft, RASPO, APEAP agreed on a unified definition of domestic software. The main factor is the exclusive rights to software products belong to Russia. The copyright holder may be a Russian legal entity controlled by Russian citizens or the state. The criteria are published on the ^[35] of Software Product Developers "Domestic Software."

The approval of the definition of domestic software is the first step in supporting Russian software products. It is also proposed to create a register of domestic software and establish a priority for public procurement for the registry software products. At the same time, in the absence of the necessary Russian solution, state customers should have the opportunity to purchase foreign analogues.

"We

have been working on the formulation of the criteria for a long time. Russian software developers, lawyers, and independent experts took part in this work. The rights to a software product determine its control over Russia, and also form a profit center in our country. Thus, this criterion is important both for ensuring technological independence and for the economic development of the country, "says Evgenia Vasilenko, executive director of the Association of ARPP" Domestic Software. "

According to her, it is now very important to create favorable conditions in the country for the development of Russian software. First of all, this is due to the stimulation of demand for national products, which is a common global practice.

"The adoption of the definition of domestic software was a response to sanctions against Russia, which unexpectedly sharply increased the risks of using foreign software. Related measures to support domestic manufacturers are limited to the purpose of software procurement by state bodies and enterprises with state participation, and do not apply to the open market. We continue to believe that the main measures of state support for Russian manufacturers should be investments in education and R&D, reducing administrative barriers, as well as export support, "commented Valentin Makarov, President of NP RUSSOFT .

In a commentary on TAdviser, Alexander Pozdnyakov, CEO of Format Code, F-Line Software (formerly First Line Software), also notes the importance of creating comfortable conditions for software developers to be able to grow domestic software.

"The state is already moving towards creating a more convenient environment for software companies. There is a reduced rate of social taxes. It's very correct. As for import substitution and issues of popularizing Russian solutions - if good software is created in the country - it will be bought without special popularizing efforts from the state, "he said

.

"The initiative of the State Duma in terms of legislative support for import substitution is extremely timely. We tried to give the most complete definition of the criteria for Russian software. Note that this definition allows Russian developers to use free software and open source software as part of their software products, while the final solution will be, according to the criteria, Russian, "says Alexander Zhmurko, President of NP RASPO.

The criteria for determining domestic software and domestic software manufacturer are described in ^[36] NP RUSSOFT, sent to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The letter also states that RUSSOFT supports state measures to ensure information security and technological independence. In addition to the import substitution policy, it is proposed to invest in research developments in the field of software engineering, develop specialized education and a retraining system for IT personnel, and create a program to support highly technological exports.

As necessary measures, the creation of the Commission for Regulatory and Legal Support of these tasks is indicated, including the legislative consolidation of the concept of "domestic software." And so on. At the same time, it is proposed to limit the range of software solutions for which import substitution is mandatory to the types of solutions that are critical for information security, technological independence and global competitiveness of the country, such as: operating systems (OS), database management systems () DBMS and data storage management,,, CAD EDMS systems, information security cryptography and, cyber security ERP data transfer systems, etc.

See also

Russian Software Compatibility Catalog

Software developers in Russia

Free software in Russia

Software export from Russia

We are switching to domestic office software. Guide to Action

Notes