Electronics industry (Russian market)

Electronics production in Moscow

Main article: Electronics production in Moscow

2024

Chinese banks block payments from Russia for components for assembling electronics

On April 12, 2024, it became known that Chinese banks began to block payments from Russian companies for components for assembling electronics. We are talking about components for laptops, servers, storage systems, etc.

According to the newspaper Kommersant"," in addition to payments for individual components, banks PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA also do not accept payment for kits for assembling electronics - the so-called "kit sets," which include processors, device cases, screens and other elements. It is noted that payment is blocked even from those organizations that have concluded long-term contracts for the production and supply of components for assembling electronics with Russian customers.

Chinese banks began to block payments from Russian companies for components for assembling electronics

Participants in the Russian electronics market confirm difficulties with payments: this, in particular, is said in the IT holding Fplus and in the Sovereign Mobile Initiative Holding JSC (Media Holding). As of April 2024, alternative payment options are being worked out, but the problems that have arisen may lead to delays in the production of domestic electronics for about six months, since "in the next two to three months [until mid-2024] there will be no shipments of components and assembly kits to any Russian manufacturer."

Domestic developers who ordered components from China cannot begin the final assembly of their products in the Russian Federation, says Alexander Kalinin, founder of Media Holding.

In his opinion, the Bank of Russia should intervene in the situation and "agree with the Chinese side on payment." It is noted that China accounts for almost 100% of the world supply of components for assembling electronics. And therefore, the current situation can greatly hit the operating activities of Russian companies.^[1]

Putin instructed manufacturers to launch a mechanism for transferring equipment for creating electronics from universities

On January 24, 2024, the President Russia Vladimir Putin approved a list of instructions following a meeting with participants in the III Congress of Young Scientists. We are talking, in particular, about the introduction of a mechanism for transferring equipment for creating electronic engineers from universities to manufacturers.

It is assumed that Russian developers of electronic products will have access to unused equipment for the manufacture of components, which is owned by scientific and educational institutions. It is noted that as of the beginning of 2024, the production of an electronic component base was not sufficiently developed in the Russian Federation. The situation is aggravated by the fact that many foreign suppliers left Russia due to the emerging geopolitical situation. Therefore, the authorities are introducing additional measures to support the radio electronics industry. In the fall of 2023, Deputy Prime Minister, head of the Ministry of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov said that in 2024 the state will allocate 210 billion rubles to support the microelectronics industry.

Vladimir Putin approved a list of instructions following a meeting with participants of the III Congress of Young Scientists

In accordance with the approved list of instructions, the Government of the Russian Federation needs to "submit proposals for determining the mechanisms that ensure the transfer of unused technological and auxiliary equipment intended for the production of electronic components and located on the balance sheet of scientific organizations and educational organizations of higher education to manufacturers of electronic products." The deadline is until August 1, 2024.

State support in the field of radio electronics is aimed primarily at "creating a wide range of hardware and software solutions for all applications." According to Manturov, one of the key areas of support should be electronic engineering - taking into account the fact that equipment supplies from abroad from 2022 are limited.^[2]

2023

In the Russian microelectronics market, the share of domestic solutions reached 20%

In the Russian microelectronics market, the share of domestic solutions in 2023 reached 20%. Experts from the audit company Kept (formerly KPMG in Russia) cited such data in their study published in early April 2024.

According to analysts, the volume of the Russian microelectronics market in 2023 amounted to 289 billion rubles against 210 billion rubles a year earlier (an increase of 38%). In 2020-2022 the domestic market grew by about 27% per year, which is almost twice as high as the same indicator of the global microelectronics market (+ 14%). In their calculations, the researchers used sales data for the following types of microelectronics:

• integrated circuits - microelectronic devices in which a plurality of electronic components are integrated on a single silicon chip;
• discrete semiconductor and power devices - separate electronic components made of semiconductor materials and designed to perform specific functions in electronic circuits (for example, transistors, diodes, thyristors, varicaps, etc.);
• sensors - devices that convert the ambient signal (temperature, illumination, pressure, movement, etc.) into an electrical signal for detecting and measuring ambient parameters;
• optoelectronics - devices (photodetectors and photomatrices; LED emitters, lasers, indicators and screens; etc.), which are used to process light signals into electrical signals and vice versa.

In the Russian microelectronics market, the share of domestic solutions in 2023 reached 20%

According to Kept estimates, in 2023, the revenues of Russian microelectronics manufacturers reached 59 billion rubles, exceeding the one-year-old figure by 30% (in 2022 it was 45%). Analysts also noted a high degree of market consolidation: in 2022, the leading five accounted for about 80% of revenue from microelectronics supplies.

In 2023, the main demand for microelectronics came from industry, including urban infrastructure and housing and communal services. Experts calculated that in 2023 the share of industry in the procurement of microelectronics amounted to 66% of the market in rubles. Lower demand from the computing infrastructure and telecommunications segments (about 12%) compared to global indicators (about 56% at the end of 2022) is associated with a low level of localization of production in these segments. According to the results of 2023, consumer devices and transport accounted for 12% and 10% of the total consumption of microelectronic products, respectively, the study noted.

As Vedomosti writes with reference to the Kept report, with an optimistic development of events, the volume of the Russian microelectronics market by 2030 will grow almost 4 times compared to 2023 - up to 1.1 trillion rubles. Of this amount, more than half (55%), or 578 billion rubles, will fall on the products of Russian manufacturers.

With a more realistic "base" scenario in 2023-2030. the Russian microelectronics market will grow by an average of 15.2% per year and will reach 780 billion rubles, and the share of products from Russian manufacturers will grow by 45% by the end of this period of time and will amount to 351 billion rubles. According to Kept, the main suppliers of microelectronic products to the Russian market in 2020-2023. were Asian countries, whose share was about 70% of the total market volume.

According to analysts, the development of the Russian microelectronics market until 2030 will stimulate:

• production localization projects;
• investment projects aimed at modernizing and expanding production in the field of microelectronics;
• state support within the framework of the import substitution strategy.^[3]

"Gran" for the year released half of the volume of Russian printed circuit boards

The Russian company "Gran" in 2023 delivered 16.1 million square meters. dm printed circuit boards. This is more than half of the total production of such products in Russia. This was reported on March 12, 2024 by Vedomosti with reference to the company's reports, which were presented at the general meeting of the Association of Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE) at the end of February 2024.

The company's revenue for 2023 increased 2.5 times to 2.7 billion rubles.

The Russian company "Gran" in 2023 delivered 16.1 million square meters. dm printed circuit boards

According to the ANO "Consortium of Printed Circuit Boards" at the end of 2023, Russian manufacturers produced 26.6 million square meters. dm of printed circuit boards. This refers to the plates on which all microelectronic elements are attached, which ensure the operation of the electronic device. At the same time, Russian suppliers are able to satisfy only 10% of market requests. According to the latest well-known market research, for 2018, the volume of the Russian printed circuit board market was estimated at $282 million. Now among the largest manufacturers, in addition to Gran, are called Technotech"," Resonate"" and "Electroconnect."

Before the start of Russia's special operation in Ukraine, Gran belonged to the Swedish NCAB group, which is one of the largest manufacturers of printed circuit boards in Europe. For geopolitical reasons, the company left the Russian market. At the same time, plans to launch the production of printed circuit boards were reported by several companies, including Beshtau and Yadro. Also in the fall of 2023, ICL launched its production of motherboards and installation of electronic components. The plant opened on the territory of the park "Innopolis."

The production of Russian printed circuit boards opens up various benefits for many companies, which are recognized as Russian from the point of view of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The product will not be included in the register of domestic electronics if it uses foreign-made printed circuit boards.^[4]

Growth in electronic equipment production and consumption of electronic components by 20%

In 2023, the production of electronic equipment and the consumption of electronic components in Russia increased by 20% compared to the previous year. The observed trend is associated with the arrival of large private investors in the electronic industry of the Russian Federation, as well as with the launch and reaching the design capacity of new factories. This is stated in the materials of the Association of Russian Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE), published in mid-February 2024.

In the current geopolitical situation, many foreign manufacturers of equipment and suppliers of components have left the Russian market. As a result, the demand for domestic products has sharply increased. At the same time, the problem of a shortage of Russian components became acute, which is associated with the depletion of stocks of domestic microprocessors and the almost complete loading of manufacturers' capacities in the Russian Federation. A significant part of product orders come from the public sector.

Production of electronic equipment and consumption of electronic components in Russia increased by 20%

According to Rossiyskaya Gazeta, referring to the statements of the ARPE executive director Ivan Pokrovsky, the Russian market suffered due to tougher sanctions. They led to restrictions on financial logistics in the purchase of imported components, technological materials and equipment. Against this background, the share of Chinese products in the equipment segment increased. In addition, components from the PRC for Russian equipment are more actively purchased.

Pokrovsky emphasizes that in this situation, the development of private production companies is of great importance. According to him, enterprises that are managed by state corporations sometimes begin to lag behind in technological terms, despite the support. It is expected that in 2024 the production of electronic equipment in Russia will rise by 10-15% compared to the previous year. At the same time, purchases of Chinese components will at least remain at the same level.^[5]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade introduces a mandatory minimum range of Russian electronics in stores

At the end of December 2023, it became known about the decision of the Ministry of Industry and Trade to introduce a mandatory minimum range of Russian electronics in offline and online stores. Large marketplaces have already begun to conclude agreements with domestic electronics manufacturers on the placement of their goods on sites.

Kommersant writes that the Ministry of Industry and Trade will oblige large chains of electronics stores to "allocate a shelf" for Russian goods. At the same time, as the Association of Trading Companies and Producers of Electric Household and Computer Equipment told the publication, retailers are already actively concluding contracts with domestic manufacturers, and Russian goods are in demand. So there is no need for such regulation.

President of the Association of Internet Trade Companies Artem Sokolov, in a conversation with the newspaper, said that players in the market should be given the right to choose the optimal methods of promotion themselves, without destroying marketing and advertising business models. For example, create special sections on the site. Because if a person comes to the marketplace for an iPhone, and other devices are shown to him first in the issue, he will simply leave the site.

In M of Video El Dorado"" drew attention to the fact that Russian equipment is most widely represented in large-sized goods for home and kitchen in the basic and middle price segments - in refrigerators and freezers, stoves, washing machines, "in addition, Chinese and Turkish players are actively developing local production in the country, in the categories of large household appliances, the influence of imported goods is small"

Kommersant notes that the bill on the "Russian shelf" has been discussed since the spring of 2023. It should allow Russian manufacturers to get on the shelves of large chain stores as a priority. Later, the document was expanded, proposing to oblige online platforms to post first 50 cards with goods of Russian origin in search results.^[6]

The development of Rostec has increased the service life of chip resistors by five times

Holding "Roselectronics" of the State Corporation "Rostec" on December 21, 2023 presented the next generation of resistive paste for the production of chip resistors. As representatives of Roselectronics told TAdviser, it is distinguished by a high content of precious materials, which made it possible to increase the service life of electronic components to 25 years. For comparison, analogues of popular foreign brands last about five years after installation on a board. Read more here.

Electronics manufacturers asked the Ministry of Industry and Trade to exempt them from fines for disrupting developments

On December 8, 2023, the Association of Russian Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE) sent a letter to the Ministry of Industry and Trade with a proposal to ease penalties against companies that have received state subsidies for developments in the field of electronics. The fact is that due to the current geopolitical situation, there is a risk of massive non-fulfillment of obligations under such projects.

According to CNews, we are talking about research and development (R&D) in the IT sphere. One of the main conditions of the agreement for the provision of subsidies is to receive revenue in the prescribed amount from the sales of created products. However, this requirement in the formed situation is impossible for many enterprises: against the background of sanctions restrictions, as noted by ARPE, the possibility of producing and supplying domestic microcircuits to Russia turned out to be "almost completely blocked." As of the end of 2023, dozens of companies that received state subsidies for R&D have fulfilled their obligations in terms of product development, but cannot achieve the key indicators of the project due to the current conditions.

Therefore, ARPE proposes to amend government decree No. 109 of 17.02.2016 (approves the rules for granting subsidies for the creation of a scientific and technical reserve for the development of basic technologies for the production of priority electronic components and radioelectronic equipment) and No. 1252 of 24.07.2021 (on approving the rules for providing subsidies for providing part of the costs of creating an electronic component base and modules). The documents may spell out the possibility of terminating agreements for the provision of subsidies without returning the funds provided to the budget.

The new rules will apply only to those companies that have completed a full or significant amount of R&D work, but do not have the ability to produce and further commercialize the product due to the "lack of the necessary equipment or key components of Russian origin on the Russian market." Upon termination of the agreement, the recipient of the subsidy will have to transfer to the ownership of Russia the scientific results obtained during the implementation of the project.^[7]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade took up the production of material for chips for 770 million rubles

The Ministry of Industry and Trade began work on organizing the production of a compound in Russia - the material necessary for the production of microelectronics. To do this, the department at the end of October 2023 launched three relevant tenders for research work (NIR). They are talking about the amount of 770 million rubles. The project is being implemented within the framework of the program "Development of electronic engineering for the period up to 2030."

According to CNews with reference to materials on the public procurement website, the production of the compound is supposed to be based on such foreign analogues as ELER-8-100HFE, Hysol GR 900 and KTMC-1050GS, KL-1000-3A, LMC-300T-KL and YeMYe-1100 ST. The work must be completed by December 12, 2025. It is planned to produce three types of compounds:

• Biphenyl type epoxy molding compound class based on biphenyl epoxy resin;
• Epoxy molding compound class based on EOCN ortho-crestolac epoxy resin;
• dicyclopentadiene-based DCPD Epoxy.

According to the terms of the tender, the winner will have to develop or purchase special technological equipment, make experimental batches of the compound, test and prepare and master its production, etc. In the process of R&D, samples of experimental batches of the compound should be transferred to consumer enterprises.

According to expert Maxim Gorshenin, who previously worked at MCST (developer of Elbrus processors), the compound is needed to fix and seal microelectronics in order to protect it from moisture and, accordingly, oxidation, mechanical damage, etc. An alternative to the compound is a case specially designed to protect circuits, but it is much more expensive. At the same time, it is not always possible to use the case and the compound remains the only possible option, Gorshenin added.^[8]

28nm chips by 2027. The Ministry of Industry and Trade has developed a road path for the development of microelectronics in Russia

On October 10, 2023, the deputy head Ministry of Industry and Trade Vasily Shpak presented the roadmap for the development of Russian microelectronics developed by the department. According to this plan, by 2027, a mass production of microprocessors according to topological standards of 28 nm on 300-mm silicon wafers will be launched in the Russian Federation.

Here it is - our roadmap, when our technologies should appear not only from the point of development, but also from the point of serial production. We set the task of getting full-fledged mass production. Here are plans, how much they will come true, largely depends on our efforts, - said Shpak (quote from Kommersant), presenting the project at one of the forums dedicated to microelectronics.

The newspaper reminds that the largest semiconductor vendors mastered the 28nm process technology back in 2009-2010. Among such products are Intel Core i3 processors of the first generations. By October 2023, TSMC, for example, is already working with 2-nm chips, the newspaper notes.

At the same time, the largest and most modern of the domestic microelectronics manufacturers existing by October 2023 in the person of the Micron company produces products according to the 130 nm process technology. According to the source, more modern technologies are now at the disposal of the NM-Tech plant, which was launched on the basis of the bankrupt Angstrom-T. However, publicly known data regarding the capabilities of this enterprise in open sources could not be found.

As noted by the developer of microcircuits and the author of educational programs of the School of Digital Circuit Synthesis Yuri Panchul, the 3 nm topology is needed only for expensive devices, for example, top-end smartphones, where monumental, tens of millions of fixed initial production costs are smeared for a large circulation.^[9]

Rostec has developed operating amplifier chips for industrial electronics

Holding Roselectronics"" Rostec State Corporation announced on October 6, 2023 the completion of development chips operational amplifiers for. industrial electronic engineers The operational amplifier will allow replacing such foreign components when productions servicing existing equipment, including those engaged in critical, industries as well as when creating other products. Serial production domestic of products will begin in 2024. More. here

In Russia, localize the production of equipment for microelectronics enterprises

On August 14, 2023, representatives of the company "Quartz Crystal Technologies" (TransTeleCom), a manufacturer of quartz glass products Russia in and, countries CIS announced TAdviser the implementation of a project to localize the production of tooling for enterprises microelectronics in Industrial City Esipovo. It is planned that according to the results of the first and second stages of localization, the plant's area will be 2100 sq.m., of which 1755 sq.m. will be occupied directly by the production unit, and 342 sq.m. - by the office and laboratory building. More. here

Landfills for testing equipment for the production of microelectronics will appear in the Russian Federation

Russia state Landfills will appear in, where equipment for production will be tested. microelectronics Construction one such landfill can cost 5 billion, rubles but this will largely speed up the production of "iron" in, Russia which is still slower than development. This was announced domestic software on August 3, 2023 in the press service of the deputy of the Russian Federation. State Dumas Anton Nemkin

The Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Education and Science, semiconductor manufacturers and specialized universities in Russia will unite to create landfills that are needed to test new equipment necessary for the production of microelectronics. In particular, we are talking about photolithographic installations, circuit analyzers, steppers and other equipment, which is part of the technological routes of microelectronic and microwave electronic industries. At the same time, each piece of equipment will have a digital twin - this will reduce the cycle of development and certification of technological processes.

If you test and adjust installations at existing Russian semiconductor plants, of which there are not so many in the country, you will have to disrupt technological processes, stop production, "said Anatoly Kovalev, general director of the Zelenograd Nanotechnology Center.

In addition, landfills will help in training specialists in the field of electronic engineering, processes and technologies of the electronic component base.

It is planned to reconstruct and equip the engineering infrastructure of one of the buildings of the Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (MIET) National Research University for landfills. Similar landfills are also planned to be built in St. Petersburg and on the basis of the Fryazinsky JSC NPP Istok named after A. I. Shokin.

The pace of production of new software solutions is at its highest, while the development of the necessary equipment is still lagging behind, said a member of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, information technology and communications Anton Nemkin. {{quote 'In particular, this is due to the fact that that the equipment is either comprehensively and fully tested at all and enters the market "raw," or forces to suspend work in existing plants to debug it. Landfills, in my opinion, will become a useful tool for the production of domestic equipment, which is extremely necessary for our companies to replace the technologies of foreign vendors. In addition, the problem of incompatibility of developments in terms of software and new equipment often arises. If you proactively test the equipment, which will allow not only to quickly identify shortcomings, but also to better test all the functionality, manufacturers will be able to compile a more detailed description of their product, which will allow you to understand in advance whether it can work in conjunction with this or that software, - said the parliamentarian. }}

The Ministry of Industry and Trade allocated 1.9 billion rubles for the creation of chemical materials for the production of chips

On July 26, 2023, it became known that the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation ordered research work to organize the production of chemical materials for the microelectronic industry. This is necessary in light of the current geopolitical situation, due to which foreign companies stopped supplying products to Russia.

We are talking about six compounds: ammonium sulfate, high-purity boron oxide, boron tribromide, high-purity phosphorus, potassium manganese acid and high-purity hydrogen peroxide. These substances are widely used in the manufacture of microchips. For example, high purity boron oxide may be used as a cover layer for the single crystal growing process. And high-purity phosphorus serves for doping, which is necessary to change the properties of a semiconductor material (silicon or germanium) in order to improve its electrical characteristics.

According to the Vedomosti newspaper, the price of contracts for the creation of production of these compounds varies from 150 million to 780 million rubles. At the same time, a total of 1.9 billion rubles will be spent on relevant studies.

In terms of projects, performers have already been identified. The organization of the production of ammonium sulfate will be carried out by the Kurchatov Institute Research Center, while the work on the production of highly pure boron oxide will be undertaken by the Mendeleev Russian University of Chemical Technology. The engineering chemical and technological center on the basis of Tomsk State University is implementing a project for the production of boron tribromide. The development of the technology for the manufacture of high-purity phosphorus was entrusted to JSC Giredmet as part of Rosatom.

All projects consist of four main stages: theoretical and experimental work, preliminary tests of the pilot batch, acceptance tests and mastering of production. The deadline is December 2025.^[10]

The enterprise subordinate to the Ministry of Industry and Trade creates a microelectronics design center for 1.54 billion rubles

In mid-July 2023, it became known that the Gamma Scientific and Production Enterprise (NPP), subordinate to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, resumed work on creating a microelectronics design center. The total costs of the project will exceed 1.5 billion rubles. Read more here.

A new class of materials based on silicon and germanium for nanoelectronics was created at the Kurchatov Institute

Scientists at the Kurchatov Institute have created a new class of functional materials based on silicon and germanium, which can become the basis for the creation of new nanoelectronics and spintronics devices. The university told about this on July 10, 2023. Read more here.

Russian electronics manufacturers lack specialists despite rising salaries

Salaries of middle-level employees in the Russian production of printed circuit boards, computer equipment and electronics during the first half of 2023 rose by about 20-30%. This is evidenced by the statistics of the HeadHunter platform, released at the end of June 2023. Read more here.

In St. Petersburg, the first in Russia created a device for obtaining silicen for the electronics of the future

Researchers at St. Petersburg State University were the first in Russia to create and patent a device for producing silicene, a material for the development of future microelectronics. This was announced in mid-June 2023 by the press service of the university. Read more here.

Does Russia need an electronic industry if it is possible to continue trading in fossils? General Director of "T1" Igor Kalganov - about the imposed import substitution

At the economic forum in St. Petersburg on June 15, 2023, during a public discussion on the development of technologies^[11]? in Russia, Igor Kalganov, general director of the T1 group, expressed doubts about some existing approaches to import substitution in general and in the field of radio electronics, in particular.

Firstly, since commercial companies or state-owned companies are all focused on making a profit, no one needs import substitution, he believes. This is a thing imposed from the state, because "objectively, the companies themselves did not have, do not have and will not have demand for import substitution." For a commercial company, the main thing is to spend as little as possible and earn as much as possible.

Import substitution began in companies that in 2014 simply turned out to be cut off from technology, and those who heard the calls of the Ministry of Digital Development, the Ministry of Industry and Trade and all our statesmen that the situation would develop approximately as it is developing now. From here began the story of import substitution, with some things that are now being actively promoted due to the setting of deadlines, to which everything needs to be imported, - said Igor Kalganov. - At the same moment, we are faced with an interesting story, when a number of commercial companies are engaged in pasting nameplates and "paper" import substitution occurs. This is especially scary in critical infrastructure.

Everything rests on the fact that thunder did not strike for many. China has not closed, and now bringing radio electronics to Russia, including equipment for radio electronics, is about as difficult as it was before the imposition of sanctions - that is, it is available.

I don't know a single customer who would face a situation "I can't bring a server in any way, and that's it, I don't know how to develop further." Russian, Chinese, any server - there are no problems with this. Therefore, customers do not have this pain now. Last year it was scary, it was not clear: someone had something hanging, the dollar rate jumped, etc. Now everyone is doing well, - believes the general director of T1.

Igor Kalganov notes that when they talk about active import substitution in radio electronics at various events, he often acts as an apologist that we should have everything of our own.

Then at some point you think: do we definitely need to produce lithographs in Russia? Or maybe collect two lines, and this will be enough for all the needs of the country as a whole?

After all, we have strengths: minerals, arable land for agriculture and human capital, especially engineering. In the latter, the CEO of T1 is sure that we are also the number one in the world, "because the same R&D centers in China, the largest of them, are located in Russia, and all Chinese radio electronics are based on the fact that we at one time actively shared the technological groundwork that was in Russia." Although, it is clear that a lot was copied and transported from the United States.

So whether we want to import substitution in each industry, or whether we want to find reliable partners abroad with whom we can change what we do best. And we are best able to extract minerals, but only let's learn how to sell not crude oil, but look at technological redistributions there as carefully as we analyze technological redistributions in radio electronics at each conference.

The introduction of advanced technologies can qualitatively change both the mineral industry and agriculture. We need to increase the export of our advantages, "we will definitely not export radio electronics, because why?" You can continue to export grain, but twice as much, and learn how to make such fuel, which will be more in demand in terms of purity and quality, Igor Kalganov believes. And on the forums it is necessary to disassemble the technological redistribution in production, and the technologies will pull themselves up. It is not the IT company that should come to the agricultural producer and offer, for example, test drones, and agriculture should come for such developments itself.

Against this background, reforms in procurement procedures for state and near-state structures are required, the head of T1 believes. 44-FZ did not change: all state and near-state organizations continue to purchase through it, passing "all these circles of hell." 223-FZ also did not change. 275-FZ - "military commissar," who must now "stand with suitcases of money and give them 100% advances to any counterparty who came and at least showed and offered something" - also did not change at all.

Until there is this money for technology from customers - from agriculture, from oil and gas production, from the military... All of Stanford, around which the entire Silicon Valley later grew, was actually based on a military order, because the military needed technology. Do we know large Russian universities that would be public and fully focused on military or dual-use technologies? No. These are all closed structures that are under the vultures, under secrecy, 25 years without leaving, etc. But it won't work that way. Only by changing these things, in my opinion, creating a great demand from consumers, we will get real steps, - said Igor Kalganov. - Otherwise, the protectionism that was done - turned out to be a cozy "greenhouse," in which we personally, as the largest IT structure now in Russia, are very good. We doubled for the 4th year in a row, 20 thousand people do wonderful things. There will be 30 thousand, and more, because the demand from commercial structures is large.

I must say that at the discussion on the development of technology, the hall looked almost empty. At the same time, more than half of those present in the hall are T1 employees, Igor Kalganov noted during the discussion.

How Russian microelectronics manufacturers enter the Indian market

At the end of May 2023, information appeared that Russian microelectronics manufacturers are considering several possible options for cooperation with companies and organizations in India. This is necessary in light of the current geopolitical situation: many foreign component suppliers and contract manufacturers have ceased cooperation with customers from the Russian Federation. Read more here.

Hundreds of billions for Russian IT technology. What was discussed at Putin's meeting with entrepreneurs

On May 26, 2023, the president Russia Vladimir Putin held a meeting with members of the all-Russian public organization Business Russia"." One of the topics of the conversation was related to the development of Russian. electronic engineers

At the meeting, proposals from the Aquarius company were made. They concerned support for manufacturers of computer equipment and telecommunications equipment.

2022 was an example of well-coordinated work of the state and business. The Government of the Russian Federation, relevant Ministries - strongly supported our industry. In the current situation, companies have an urgent need for capital working capital. Unfortunately, this cannot be closed on its own. And in terms of accelerating access to capital, we ask you to support the principle of "the right to risk" for the country's development institutions, "Aleksei Kalinin, director of the Aquarius Group of Companies, addressed the president.

According to him, the volume of necessary investments in the development and production of Russian computer equipment is estimated at hundreds of billions of rubles a year, the need for capital cannot be closed by existing state support measures.

There is no way for entrepreneurs today to say 'I'll think about it tomorrow'. All development projects - as an example, the creation of domestic telecom equipment, the development of Russian chips or the launch of new production sites - are only a small part of the range of tasks necessary to achieve the country's technological sovereignty. And they need to be solved here and now, - said the head of the board of directors of Aquarius.

As Vladimir Putin replied, "in general, of course, we will improve these mechanisms, this is quite obvious." The head of state stressed that taking advantage of the opportunities that have opened up, business should in no case concentrate exclusively on the domestic market.

This is a path to self-isolation, autarky and loss of competitiveness, "he explained.

According to the president, Russia for a long time, even before the outbreak of the conflict in Ukraine, drew attention to new points of growth in the global economy and began a reorientation to these markets.^[12]

Russian electronics manufacturers are increasing capacity in the Russian Federation

At the end of May 2023, it became known about the increase in production capacities in the Russian Federation by many Russian contract manufacturers of computers, servers and other electronics. After the departure of foreign competitors, domestic vendors decided to quickly occupy the vacant niches, the queues for contract production stretched for several months, so organizations have to invest in expansion, said Georgy Levin, head of the contract production committee of the Association of Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE).

According to him, the cost of contract production in Russia increased by 20% over the year due to the rise in price of chips and production equipment, as well as due to an increase in employee salaries.

Electronics manufacturers, including Resonance, Starline, A-Contract and Pantes, intend to expand their production. Resonance CEO Andrei Kucheryavy told Kommersant that the demand for contract production of printed circuit boards for electronics is growing, which leads to an overload of existing capacities and the need to replace European and American equipment with Asian counterparts. In this regard, the volume of investments of "Resonance" in equipment for contract production will reach $10 million in 2023-2024.

Vice President of Promelectronics Denis Korshunov noted that the company is ready to expand its installation and assembly capacity while maintaining or increasing the flow of orders.

Kucheryavy also added that localization in the segment of computers, measuring equipment, medical and automotive electronics is one of the development courses for many manufacturers.

According to the ANO Consortium "Auto Components and Telematics," by 2030 the market for electronic control units in Russia will double, and the share of EBUs produced in Russia will be 58^[13]

10% of Russian developers of electronics and telecom equipment moved production abroad over the year

On May 22, 2023, it became known that over 12 months, approximately 10% of Russian developers of electronics and telecommunications equipment moved their production abroad. This is explained by several reasons - primarily the current geopolitical situation.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, due to sanctions from the United States and European states, the supply of components to Russia has become much more difficult. In addition, control by the regulators of the Russian Federation has increased. In particular, permission to import microcircuits with cryptographic functions into the country requires a long check at the FSB licensing center. At the same time, permission to import finished products under the company's own brand can be quickly obtained through the notification registration mechanism.

As the executive director of the Association of Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics Ivan Pokrovsky noted, equipment of about 3 thousand organizations was manufactured on the territory of the Russian Federation. However, during the year (by May 2023), approximately every tenth supplier moved its production abroad. Most often, companies choose contract sites in China, Vietnam, India and Turkey.

Kommersant also notes that in the current situation, the cost of foreign equipment necessary for the production of printed circuit boards in Russia has sharply increased: prices jumped by 40%. Problems with the availability of capital while increasing production costs force small Russian suppliers of electronics and telecom equipment to unite with larger market players. On the other hand, according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, sanctions contribute to an increase in shipments of Russian equipment.

With the imposition of sanctions on the supply of electronic products to our country, Russian manufacturers have deepened the localization of telecom and network equipment and increased the volume of supply of products, the department said.[14]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade allocated 2.2 billion rubles for the development of materials for chips

The Ministry of Industry and Trade has allocated about 2.2 billion rubles for the development of materials for chips. The agency ordered research work, which should be completed by 2024. This became known on March 6, 2023.

As he writes CNews with reference to the materials on the public procurement website, the project of the Ministry of Industry and Trade is designed "for the development and production of production especially pure tungsten hexafluoride for 287.6 million rubles, hydrogen bromide for 261.6 million rubles, a reagent for measuring plate pollution with metal cations by the X-ray fluorescent method for 158 million rubles, precursors of triethylborate and triethylphosphate for 79.5 million rubles. All specified materials are used in the creation of integrated circuits. Previously, they were supplied Russia from abroad. 1.1 billion rubles were allocated from the budget to study development opportunities.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade allocated a similar amount for research work "on the development and development of the production of lithographic materials for microelectronic production." It is noted that under the conditions of sanctions it is impossible to purchase the above materials for future use, there are also difficulties with supplies.

Particularly pure tungsten hexafluoride is used in the synthesis of tellurite glasses for sealing integrated circuits, and the development and production of a chemical compound titanium tetrakis is one of the technological processes in the production of semiconductors with topological norms of 230-90 nanometers.

All tenders of the Ministry of Industry and Trade were published in mid-February 2023 in the format of an open competition. All work should be completed on December 12, 2024. At the same time, the developed technological solutions for the production of materials should meet the needs of enterprises of manufacturers of electronic component base.^[15]

Russian electronics and chip manufacturers asked the Ministry of Industry and Trade to protect against Chinese competitors

Russian electronics and chip manufacturers have asked the Ministry of Industry and Trade for protection against Chinese competitors. The corresponding letter to the department in mid-February 2023 was sent by the association ANO Telecommunications Technologies (ANO TT, unites Rostelecom, Element, Rostec, etc., the organization is headed by the general director of Micron Gulnara Khasyanova).

As Kommersant writes with reference to the text of this appeal, its authors propose to introduce barrage duties of 50-100% on imported smart cards (bank, transport and SIM cards). The ANO indicates that Russian card manufacturers have production facilities capable of meeting the needs of customers. By February 21, 2023, the duty on the import of finished smart cards was reset to zero, and on components it averages 7%, which puts domestic companies "in deliberately losing conditions," the letter says.

The source of the publication notes that market players are afraid of the expansion of Chinese smart card manufacturers in Russia. The difference in the price of a Chinese card and a Russian one with an imported chip can reach 500%. The entry of the Chinese into the Russian market will kill Russian card manufacturers, the source said.

Dumping by Asian vendors, which was previously constrained by a global chip shortage, is gaining momentum, the risk of bankruptcy of domestic manufacturers is obvious, confirms Alexey Gazin, commercial director of Alioth.

As a result, we are waiting for a decrease in local competition and an increase in prices for end consumers. Therefore, we certainly welcome the introduction of duties on card products, "he added.

According to the source of the publication in one of the telecom operators, by February 2023, about 30-50% of SIM-cards are purchased in China, the rest is produced in Russia by Novakard, Altair and Istcompis^[16]

15 friendly countries have been identified where they are ready to cooperate with Russian companies in the field of electronics

According to the results of a lot of work, the Association of Russian Developers and Electronics Manufacturers (ARPE) has identified 15 friendly countries in which they are "very strongly focused" on interaction with Russian developers and electronics manufacturers. Work is underway to develop contacts with them. Ella Smolevitskaya, manager of the ARPE international committee, told about this on February 16, 2023 at a general meeting of ARPE members, which was also visited by TAdviser.

The main activities of the ARPE International Committee are measures to support exports and supply chains, expand contacts and information about world markets, as well as establish communications and increase effective business contacts.

Ella Smolevitskaya has many years of experience in the Western IT vendor - HP. At a meeting of ARPE members, she noted that she was given an incredible opportunity to use all her accumulated knowledge and apply it to the development of Russian electronics.

Among the countries where they are ready to cooperate with Russian electronics engineers are China, India, Malaysia, Vietnam, Serbia, Iran, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Kazakhstan, South Korea, etc. For flags of all 15 countries, see the slide below.

The nearest friendly countries in terms of a common understanding of world space are India and China, said the manager of the ARPE international committee. A representative of the Indian Embassy was present at the general meeting of the members of the ARPE.

The International Committee has been working on India since 2018 and has now intensified its efforts. There is interaction with Indian associations of manufacturers of electronics, electrical and lighting engineering, such as IEEMA (Indian Association of Manufacturers of Electrical Engineering and Electronics), ELCINA (Association of Electronic Industry of India), IESA (Indian Association of Electronics and Semiconductors), ICEA (Association of Manufacturers of Cellular Communications and Electronic Goods of India).

Back in April 2022, ARPE representatives, together with the RUSSOFT association, conducted a business mission to India to participate in the Global Business Summit in Kolkata and to meet with the companies of the BRICS Chamber of Commerce in Delhi. Then they stated that the Indian side is ready to invest in the creation of joint ventures in India with Russian companies with the prospect of selling their products in India, Russia, South Africa, the Middle East, and Africa.

Cooperation with the Indian Electronics and software Computer Software Export Promotion Council (ESC) has also been established.

Who concerns interaction with Chinese organizations, ARPE is in contact with the Russian-Asian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RASPP), whose organizations are very interested in cooperation with Russian developers and electronics manufacturers, says Ella Smolevitskaya.

And at the meeting of ARPE members on February 16, an agreement of intent was signed to cooperate with the Union of Russian-Guangdong Entrepreneurs. The president of this union, Yan Dan, noted that Guangdong enterprises want to create a joint electronics plant in Russia with Russian companies (more here).

One of the countries that Ella Smolevitskaya separately noted is South Africa. This country is loyal to the Russian Federation, and there have already begun to announce missions in IT areas. In South Korea, there are prospects for the supply of components, although these are point cases on which it is necessary to work separately and negotiate.

As for Armenia, they are trying to conduct a course on scientific, technological and production cooperation, but there is a risk of secondary sanctions for both Armenian and Russian enterprises. The general electronics market there is quite small, and even in the case of a successful organization of a joint venture, the export of products from Armenia would be very noticeable to certain bodies of unfriendly countries.

In a difficult 2022, trade missions of the Russian Federation in other countries took an active position, Ella Smolevitskaya noted at the general meeting of ARPE members, and are ready to work point-by-point - at the request of Russian companies.

The Chinese want to build an electronics factory in Russia

The Union of Russian-Guangdong Entrepreneurs and the Association of Russian Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE) on February 16, 2023 signed an agreement of intent on cooperation. President of this union Yan Dan and ARPE executive director Ivan Pokrovsky put their signatures on the agreement.

Our union, as an authorized organization, is very interested in establishing long-term relations between Russia and Chinese partners. We are ready to consider flexible terms of cooperation. And our province, our enterprises really want to create a joint project with you, a joint plant in Russia, "Yan Dan said at the signing, adding that we are talking about the field of electronics.

Guangdong Province is one of the largest financial and economic centers of the People's Republic of China (PRC), occupying the first place in GDP among the provinces of the country. There is a special economic zone Shenzhen, the core of the innovative development of the PRC, where the headquarters of the largest Chinese and local offices of large Western ICT companies, as well as large high-tech industries are "registered." Among them is one of the factories of the Taiwanese Foxconn, where, among other things, Apple products are produced.

Ivan Pokrovsky noted that ARPE is committed to cooperation between Russian electronics manufacturers and Chinese manufacturers, and is interested in joint investment projects for the development and production of electronics.

In a conversation with TAdviser, he clarified that in terms of production, the Russian side is primarily interested in cooperation on the creation of semiconductor factories, and colleagues from China confirm their interest in jointly developing factories not only in China, but also in Russia.

We are united by the task of creating a library of complex-functional blocks on the basis of which various modern microprocessors are built. This is the basis in design on which all microprocessor technology relies. And on the other hand, the same connects the factory with the design of electronics. The factory without complex functional units ported to it is not suitable for launching modern projects in the design and production of microprocessors, says Ivan Pokrovsky.

According to him, there are specific companies among the members of the ARPE, ready to participate in the joint creation of the plant with the Chinese side. However, the names of these companies are now not publicly announced and will not be announced, at least until all decisions are made.

According to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, the Union of Russian-Guangdong Entrepreneurs was formed in 2020. The organization cooperates, among other things, with the Russian Export Center (REC), with which back in 2021 it agreed on the joint development of exports of Russian products to China.

Yan Dan at the signing of the agreement with ARPE recalled that for 2023 the Union of Russian-Guangdong Entrepreneurs has a plan, together with the REC, to create a pavilion of Russia in Guangdong province, where the most important will be Russian high-tech goods.

Judging by the information on the official website of the Union of Russian-Guangdong Entrepreneurs, this organization has no less ambitious plans in the field of developing the export of Chinese products to Russia. So, among her plans for the next five years, the site indicates the presentation of at least 2 thousand Guangdong commodity brands on the Russian market, the creation of the Guangdong Mall online platform and an exhibition hall for consumer acquaintance and promotion of Guangdong province goods, the organization of commodity warehouses for Guangdong companies^[17].

The government decided to attach Russian chips in cars

The Russian government, together with participants in the domestic microelectronics market, are discussing a strategy for the development of design centers, which, in connection with the sanctions, have lost the opportunity to produce modern chips at foreign enterprises. One of the promising solutions is the creation of chips for cars. This became known on February 13, 2023.

On this day, the Kommersant newspaper wrote that representatives of relevant ministries, top managers of Russian microelectronics developers and B1 analysts (a former division of Ernst & Young) are participating in the discussion. Within its framework, design centers should prepare plans for the development of auto components (controllers, sensors, control modules, sensor systems) taking into account the needs of enterprises. However, the interlocutor of the publication admitted that certification of such solutions will take a long time, so the plans will be long-term.

Micron recognized that auto electronics is a "promising direction," and the plant has IATF 16,949 certification (a standard for supplier quality management systems in the automotive industry) and "already mastered components for body electronics and engine control systems, driver assistance systems, lighting fixtures." The company claims that "there is an opportunity to expand the range, but it is necessary to develop consumers in the automotive industry accordingly."

For the production of auto components, production lines with already mastered Russian plants with 90 nm standards will be enough, said Dmitry Kornachev, director of the Consortium of Enterprises in the Field of Automotive Electronic Devices and Telematics Association. However, he believes, "taking into account the workload of Russian semiconductor factories, serial production of such components may begin in 2024-2025."^[18]

Rosatom and the Academy of Sciences will develop a photolithograph for the production of microelectronics

Rosatom and the Russian Academy of Sciences will develop a powerful photolithograph for the production of microelectronics. This was told by the scientific director of the National Center for Physics and Mathematics (NCPM, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander Sergeyev in an interview with the Expert magazine. According to him, several of the largest institutions of Rosatom and academic institutions are planning to participate in the project. This became known on January 30, 2023. Read more here.

2022

78.1% of Russian production of electronic components and boards is concentrated in Moscow

78.1% of Russian production of electronic components and boards is concentrated in Moscow. This is evidenced by the data of analysts of the market research agency "GuideMarket" for 2022. The research itself was published in November 2023.

The three regions of the Russian Federation in terms of the volume of production of boards and electronic components for 2022 included the Moscow region (share - 6.7%) and the Krasnodar Territory (2.2%). The remaining 9.1% is distributed between the Udmurt Republic, Kaliningrad and other regions.

According to experts, Moscow's leadership in terms of the volume of manufacture of electronic components is due to the fact that it is in the capital that the bulk of production capacities in this area are concentrated. Microelectronics enterprises are based in Zelenograd, where the main representatives of the industry are located, as well as 4 sites of the SEZ of Moscow. Companies that are residents of the SEZ "Technopolice Moscow" are exempted from paying property, transport and land taxes, and the income tax rate for them is 2%.

As noted in the Moscow mayor's office, the capital pays a lot of attention to localization and import substitution in critical industries. One tool is the creation of industrial clusters. In 2022, on the basis of the Moscow innovation cluster of the photonics and microelectronics cluster, work was carried out to create active photonic integrated circuits. Over 40 enterprises entered it, and an ecosystem for the design, production and implementation of photon technologies will be created on its basis.

The general director of the Consortium of Printed Circuit Board Manufacturers Vladimir Semenov, in a conversation with Kommersant, noted that by 2023 Russian board manufacturers are able to meet no more than 10% of the needs of the civilian sector.^[19]

Chernyshenko: Electronics production in Russia increased by 15% over the year

In 2022, electronics production in Russia increased by 15% compared to 2021. Such data were provided by the Deputy Prime Minister of the RFDmitry Chernyshenko on October 10, 2023. He noted that the revenue of Russian microelectronics design centers in 2022 doubled. At the same time, the Deputy Prime Minister did not give absolute figures.

Anchor projects are being implemented to create promising technological equipment for the production of semiconductors, new production sites are being built. The largest trading companies are transforming into trade and industrial holdings. This ensures a multiple increase in private investment in development and production, "Chernyshenko emphasized in his video message to the participants of one of the forums dedicated to microelectronics.

He added that the government will continue to provide measures to support the industry. The focus of particular attention is educational programs and personnel training. So, on the basis of universities and scientific organizations, the Ministry of Education and Science creates 67 laboratories in the direction of "Microelectronics."

Dmitry Chernyshenko noted that the sanctions opened a "unique" window of opportunity "for the development of domestic developments, and Russian companies, according to him, began to quickly occupy the vacated niche and build their own technological ecosystem based on scientific and production potential.

The Deputy Prime Minister also recalled that Russian President Vladimir Putin set a goal for the technological independence of the country, and it is to solve this problem that the new national program "Data Economics" will be directed.

One of the leading roles in it is assigned to a trusted infrastructure based on the domestic element component base. In addition, a strategy for the development of the communications industry until 2035 is being prepared. It will indicate the vector of the creation and use of a domestic element component base in telecommunications equipment. Domestic microelectronics should take leading positions both domestically and abroad in the foreseeable future, "Chernyshenko said.[20]

Production of electronic components and printed circuit boards in Moscow increased by 22.8%

In 2022, Moscow enterprises increased the supply of electronic components and printed circuit boards by 22.8% compared to 2021 - to 40.1 billion rubles. Vladimir Efimov, Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Economic Policy and Property and Land Relations, spoke about this on February 27, 2023. Read more here.

Russian microelectronics design centers doubled their revenue

In Russia, an ultra-fast growth in the revenue of domestic microelectronics design centers engaged in the development of, among other things, processors was recorded. According to Kommersant, in just a year it has doubled on average. This became known on February 3, 2023.

This market assessment was given to the publication by the executive director of the Association of Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE) Ivan Pokrovsky. Sources close to the design centers confirm this statistic. At the same time, sources do not speak about specific revenue values.

The revenue growth of domestic design centers is a direct consequence of Western and partially eastern anti-Russian sanctions. Because of them, in particular, due to restrictions on the supply of foreign components to Russia, in 2022 there was a rush demand for domestic electronics and microelectronics. According to the sources of the publication, interest from customers was in many types of electronics. Russian processors in this regard were no exception. The demand for design center products was satisfied, which resulted in a solid increase in their revenue in 2022.

Ivan Pokrovsky told Kommersant that design centers, in an effort to fulfill all orders, supplied customers with microelectronics from previously accumulated stock. They sold them out, he said.

This information was confirmed by CNews and representatives of the Russian company Baikal Electronics, one of the developers of domestic processors.

By the time the material was released, it was not known how much the stocks of microcircuits in the warehouses of design centers had become impoverished. However, in some cases, significant difficulties may arise with their replenishment^[21].

Mishustin allocated 1 billion rubles for the creation of small and medium-sized electronics development centers

The Russian government will allocate 1 billion rubles to create small and medium-sized design centers for electronic, microelectronic and radioelectronic products in 2022-2023. The corresponding decree was signed by Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, the press service of the Cabinet of Ministers said on October 24, 2022.

Funds from the federal budget will be allocated in the form of subsidies. They will support research, development and technological work. It is assumed that the new design centers will develop an electronic component of the base, complexes and systems of computer equipment, telecommunications equipment, as well as medical equipment and automotive electronics. Another area of ​ ​ financing will be the withdrawal of finished products to priority markets.

The solution will stimulate import substitution of electronic equipment and ultimately ensure technological sovereignty in key segments of the electronic industry. In total, by 2030, at least 100 design centers for electronic, microelectronic and radioelectronic products should operate in Russia.

The subsidy operator will be the Skolkovo Foundation. The work will be carried out within the framework of the state program "Development of the electronic and radio-electronic industry."

In July 2022, 35 industrial competence centers were formed in Russia to replace foreign industry digital products and solutions. The structures are engaged in the formation of an order for the development of solutions for different sectors. At the same time, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko said that the government intends to allocate 37.1 billion rubles from the budget until 2024 to co-finance the import substitution of foreign digital solutions.

The author of a devastating article about the Ministry of Industry and Trade decided to develop an alternative strategy for the development of electronics

Ivan Pokrovsky wants to recover as executive director of the Association of Russian Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE) and in the coming months focus on the development of an industry development strategy, which involves, among other things, the development of technological projects through private investment. Pokrovsky spoke about this on the evening of October 12 at a meeting in a narrow circle, where TAdviser was also present.

In early October, we recall that he resigned as executive director of ARPE in order to express his expert opinion on how the Ministry of Industry and Trade conducts activities to regulate the electronic industry, on his own personal initiative, without the consent of its members. Ivan Pokrovsky sharply criticized the actions of the department to provide deferrals to employees of industry enterprises from mobilization and the results of the work of the Ministry of Industry and Trade on strategies and state programs. His article can be read here.

On October 14, a vote of ARPE members is scheduled, to which issues of supporting assessments and proposals that Ivan Pokrovsky has made recently will be submitted, and the question of whether they agree that he will be reinstated as executive director. If the overwhelming majority of the members of the association support this, then Pokrovsky will return to work as an executive director.

I hope that this vote will not split the association, although I understand that for individual companies this whole story is very painful, because many receive measures of state support, subsidies, hand over projects, are dependent on the ministry. And for them, all this carries risks. All this is understandable, - said Ivan Pokrovsky.

The story of the abdication of powers and then the return is a one-off related to an exceptional case, he stressed. This can only be done once.

With the return to the post of executive director of ARPE, Ivan Pokrovsky plans to work on an industry strategy as the main focus for the coming months. The most important problem is that the Ministry of Industry essentially does not have a strategy, he believes: there is no idea how the industry is arranged, in which direction and how it should develop. How can decisions be made in this case?

The ARPE website already has a file with an industry development strategy, but it is too general. It needs to be clarified, the content of the technological strategy should be disclosed in more detail so that large investment projects can be launched in each segment of the industry on the basis of this plan. In the current form, the strategy does not allow this, and in the new form it could become the basis for corporate planning in industry companies. First of all, it is planned to write it for companies.

Back in February 2022, it was decided in ARPE to create a project office - a division of the association that is responsible for developing an industry strategy, but so far funding has not been found to launch this work. And after the publication of the article, some members of the association decided that it was no longer possible to postpone this work, and agreed on targeted financing of this initiative, attracting additional people for this work.

Ivan Pokrovsky explained to TAdviser that from the very beginning it is planned to invite not only industry companies, but also state regulators - everyone who is interested in this and can participate.

There are difficult projects that cannot be raised without state participation in principle, but many projects in the industry of a rather large scale can also be launched on private investments of independent Russian companies, Pokrovsky added, answering TAdviser questions. As an example of a possible such project, he cited, without naming a brand, a developer of complex digital equipment that uses a microprocessor (not a CPU, he specified) of foreign development. And the problem is not to buy this microprocessor, but to get technical support from a foreign vendor when implementing this microprocessor. Without it, it is impossible to finish development.

The original proposal was: either we get access to this technical support, or we refuse the project altogether. The company is not even considering the option that this microprocessor can be developed because its investment resource does not allow it to do so.

Meanwhile, there are only 2 companies in the world that make such microprocessors, both of which are American. And if you set the task that in the world, and not only Russia, you need an alternative to these companies, then you need to assess how much it costs to develop a key processor for this type of equipment.

We began to discuss, estimate, and it turned out that we need 10-15 billion rubles for development. This is very little money. Let there be other tasks that cost more - 20-40 billion rubles. But it's still a little money. And private investments can be attracted for such projects, - Pokrovsky is sure.

In the case of the Russian development of the microprocessor, which is discussed above, investments would need less than world developers of similar products, because in addition to directly developing the product, the latter also invested a lot and for a long time in the formation of the market and ecosystem. And so in many segments.

Ivan Pokrovsky, answering TAdviser's questions, said that there are already specific companies ready to finance such projects, but he cannot yet voice their names.

During the meeting, he also expressed the opinion that in general the situation for the processor segment, in particular, became worse after the departure of Deputy Prime Minister Yuri Borisov (left this post in July): "Borisov Yuri Ivanovich was on the side of processor developers, and it is clear from the decisions made that with his departure the position of processor developers worsened - they began to lose competition for state regulation."

And the request for the development of an industry strategy through various channels comes, including from the founders and members of the Computer Engineering consortium, says Ivan Pokrovsky. They also need this, and maybe more so, because all the contradictions that are presented are most pronounced in them, because they have the largest market.

Ivan Pokrovsky at the meeting also emphasized the reason for the resonant article published by him earlier. This accumulated feeling that the industry through ARPE is trying to build relations with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, offers to do something, but spends time on this: "we invest efforts, accelerate the expectations of industry companies, agree on proposals, many companies invest in this, spend time discussing and developing positions, but this is all idle, because the regulator either does not perceive or accepts, but does not understand and does in its own way, in a different way." This accumulated for a long time, and the last straw was mobilization, Pokrovsky explained at a meeting on October 12.

The article was written in order to cause a resonance and draw attention to the problem of the industry, and not offend any specific personalities, Ivan Pokrovsky explained. And this goal was achieved: "the profile deputy prime ministers read the article." At the recent forum "Microelectronics 2022," Pokrovsky had meetings with representatives of the government apparatus, in particular, with employees of Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko. These meetings took place at the initiative of employees of the government apparatus, he clarified to TAdviser, and there Pokrovsky explained the goals and context of writing his article.

In addition, says Pokrovsky, the article he wrote aroused great support from industry companies: there were no reviews from companies that something was indicated wrong in it.

Now I would like to count on the restoration of normal working communications of the industry community with the ministry, with the ARPE, including, Pokrovsky added. Part of the resonant article was devoted to the fact that in fact the communication of the industry community with the ministry was severed, "the ministry surrounded itself with some consortia that do not actually represent the industry community, but represent the interests of the founders - narrow groups of lobbyists."

Ivan Pokrovsky says that after the publication of the article, he also faced provocative questions regarding the personnel changes he expected. In key positions in the ministry responsible for the development of the industry, there should be people who understand the industry well and put its interests above their interests and lobbyists. Personnel changes are definitely overdue, Pokrovsky believes, and it is necessary to start with determining the requirements for people.

Expert of the electronic industry market Ivan Pokrovsky harshly criticized the Ministry of Industry and proposed to transfer this area to the Ministry of Digital Development

Ivan Pokrovsky resigned as executive director of the Association of Russian Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics (ARPE) in order to express his expert opinion on how the Ministry of Industry and Trade conducts activities to regulate the electronic industry without coordination with its members. In an article entitled "Ministry of Industry and Trade Impotent? Yes., "Pokrovsky sharply criticized the actions of the ministry to provide deferrals to employees of industry enterprises from mobilization and the results of work on strategies and state programs, and also proposed to distribute the powers of the Ministry of Industry and Trade in the field of regulating the electronic industry between the Ministry of Digital Development and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry. TAdviser, with the permission of the author, published the full text of his article.

Russia and Belarus signed an agreement in the field of microelectronics

At the end of September 2022, Russia and Belarus signed an agreement in the field of microelectronics. Thus, the countries continued technological cooperation. Read more here.

Russia will double investments in the electronic industry

The authorities will double investments in radio electronics in 2023-2024. This became known on September 23, 2022.

Compared to 2022, financing of the radio-electronic industry in 2023 will increase 1.8 times: from 39.3 billion rubles. up to 71 billion rubles. The maximum volume of investments under the state program is planned for 2024 - 155 billion rubles. This is 2.2 times more than in 2023. But already in 2025, investments in the industry will almost triple - to 54 billion rubles.

The growth in investments in radio electronics in 2024 is mainly due to the redistribution of funds between the state programs "Scientific and Technical Development of Russia" and "Development of the Electronic and Radio-Electronic Industry."

According to the Government's decision of June 2022, investments in the development of electronics and radio electronics increased in 2024 by 67.8 billion rubles. with a decrease in 2023 by 8 billion rubles. and in 2025 - by 13.6 billion rubles. (compared to the previous three-year budget).

Thus, the budget has been increased to provide subsidies to Russian organizations for the creation of an electronic component base (ECB) and modules in connection with "clarifying the forecast of needs from the recipients." In 2023, growth will amount to 13 billion rubles, in 2024 - 12 billion rubles. and in 2025 - 7.6 billion rubles. relative to the previous three-year period.

In March 2022 Ministry of Industry and Trade , he proposed to allocate almost a trillion rubles for the development of Russian radio electronics sanctions under pressure. In addition, in July, an industries "tax electronic maneuver" was approved. Reduced income tax rates have become available to industry representatives: 3% to the federal budget and 0% to regional ones. Contribution tariffs insurance , reduced to 7.6%, now apply not only to developers, but also to manufacturers of ECB and electronic products^[22]

The Ministry of Industry and Trade has prepared a strategy for the development of microelectronics in Russia until 2030

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation has prepared a strategy for the development of microelectronics in Russia until 2030. This became known on September 13, 2022.

Kommersant writes that this document cites the main problems of the Russian microelectronics industry:

• technology lag by 10-15 years from the world level;
• difficulties in mastering technological processes below 180 nm;
• lack of production capacity;
• critical dependence of design and production processes on foreign technologies;
• including software, and materials (in particular, particularly pure chemistry and silicon),
• inability to provide the market with the necessary electronics;
• low investment attractiveness;
• high cost of components production in the Russian Federation;
• acute shortage of personnel.

To solve these problems, the Ministry of Industry and Trade invited market participants to increase capacity and abandon foreign technologies, coordinate their efforts in the field of advanced technologies and create an electronic engineering industry.

The authorities want to support manufacturers with facilitated access to subsidies, grants and soft loans. The Ministry of Industry and Trade hopes that after 2030 "expansion into the world markets of Russian microelectronics will begin.

The implementation of these initiatives should contribute to the simplified access of manufacturers to grants, subsidies and loans on preferential terms. According to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, support measures will be implemented until 2030, in the future, Russian microelectronics will begin expansion into international markets.

The government, judging by the draft document, seeks to build vertical management of the industry on a national scale and design its long-term development, said Arseny Brykin, general director of the Basis consortium.

Based on these theses, the Ministry of Industry and Trade will form specific events and initiatives, but so far the document is more like a set of common goals and tasks, he added.[23]

Russia will launch the first production of transistors for 5G communication systems

Zelenograd Nanotechnology Center (ZNTC JSC) - a resident of the special economic zone (SEZ) Technopolice - will open the first Russia in the experimental line for the production of crystals of transistors based on gallium nitride (GaN-Si). This is stated in the message of the official portal of the Mayor and dated Governments of Moscow August 5, 2022. Such electronic components are used in the production of powerful, power supplies modules of systems, communications 5G equipment for and, servers data centers wireless. charging stations for electric transport More. here

Russian microelectronics manufacturers asked 900 billion rubles from the budget

Russian microelectronics manufacturers have asked to allocate 900 billion from the state budget rubles for the development of the industry. The deputy head told about this at the end of May 2022. Ministry of Industry and Trade Vasily Shpak

According to him, we are talking about expenses until 2030, which will also include extrabudgetary sources - they will account for about 2.7 trillion rubles.

According to Shpak, by the end of May 2022, the draft plan for supporting the domestic industry was already presented to Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, and he, in general, supported all the approaches expressed and formulated instructions "in the prescribed manner."

Prepare changes to federal projects, prepare federal projects that did not exist initially - Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade, adding that federal projects will cover the entire life cycle of creating a product.

According to Vasily Shpak, by the end of 2022 it is planned to launch the second wave of the competition for design centers to receive support measures, about 60 billion rubles should be additionally allocated for this.

According to the development plan of Russian microelectronics, at the end of 2022, a program will be launched to re-engineer foreign solutions in the field of electronics and to transfer their production to the borders of Russia and China. This sphere is supervised by Iouri Borisov and Vasily Shpak.

In parallel, the authorities want to start a program for the development of electronic engineering, by 2024 to provide "100% import substitution in all directions," and by 2030 "to complete the formation of a product portfolio of Russian technologies." According to the plan, 1.14 trillion rubles will be allocated for this part of the national project.

By 2030, the authorities plan to reach the 28 nm norms mastered at the beginning of the last decade. For 2022, the most modern were 4-nanometer processors, and the companies engaged in their production were preparing with might and main for the transition to 3 nm and even 2 nm.^[24]

Simplification of imports should not interfere with the development of the Russian IT market

The Chairman governments Mikhail Mishustin signed Decree No. 834 of May 9, 2022 "On establishing the specifics of the import RUSSIAN FEDERATION cryptographic into () cryptographic of funds and goods containing them." IVK announced this on May 20, 2022. The goal is to prevent a shortage of chips,,, and computers in the laptops tablets smartphones domestic market due to sanctions the unfriendly. Russia states The government decided to temporarily give industry associations the authority to issue notifications. This is a special permit required for electronic devices that include cryptographic means. In addition, customs control will be weakened for backbone organizations when importing cryptography tools - components for industrial the production of electronic equipment and equipment.

The measures taken by the government are a forced ambulance to the market. Of course, easing customs control when importing cryptography tools, which serve as components for the industrial production of electronic equipment and equipment, will avoid failures and shutdowns of production, "said Grigory Sizonenko, CEO of IVK. - But the measures taken should in no way create the illusion of a return to the previous market scheme. The previous rules no longer exist. The backbone segment of the independent market is not sales of imported equipment, but the development of technologies and its own production. I hope that the government and the leadership of the IT industry will listen to industry experts and introduce measures to support domestic engineers who develop their own processor architectures and domestic equipment manufacturers based on Russian processors. Without the development of these segments, we will never ensure the real technological independence of the state in the field of IT.

A factory for the manufacture of printed circuit boards for 2 billion rubles will be built in Russia

ICL Group will build a factory for the production of printed circuit boards on the territory of the Innopolis Special Economic Zone. This was stated by the Minister of Digital Development of Public Administration, Information Technologies and Communications of the Republic of Tatarstan Airat Khairullin. Thanks to the plant, the group of companies expects to increase its production capacity by 3 times and produce up to 1 million ready-made devices per year, ICL representatives told TAdviser on May 17, 2022. Read more here.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade published the concept of the new national project in the field of electronics. It will cost 3.19 trillion rubles

In mid-April 2022, it became known about the concept of a national project in the field of radio electronics prepared by the Ministry of Industry and Trade. According to the document prepared by the department following the results of the work of 22 specialized groups, the implementation of the initiative is estimated at 3.19 trillion rubles.

According to Kommersant with reference to the presentation of the concept, the execution of the national project will go in 4 directions: "product," "infrastructure," "demand" and "personnel." Separate federal projects will be prepared for them. Among those responsible for the implementation of the national project are the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Digital Development, Deputy Prime Ministers Dmitry Chernyshenko and Iouri Borisov.

By 2030, according to the authors of the national project, it will be possible to establish serial production according to the 28 nm process technology, which was mastered by world industry leaders in 2010 - the technology was used, in particular, in Apple A7 processors for the iPhone 5S (2013). In 2030, according to the plan, the number of Russian design centers will grow from 70 to 300. The budget for this area will amount to 460 billion rubles.

Kommersant interviewed experts in the field of electronics. One of them noted that if it is possible to get access to equipment for 28 nm, then in 8 years you can master the technology and establish production. If it is not possible to get the equipment, then you will have to go all the way from scratch, including the study of new materials and investments in optics, lasers and mechanical engineering. In this case, the transition from 90 to 28 nm becomes a very ambitious task.

Konstantin Trushkin, Marketing Director of MCST JSC, says that the key area of ​ ​ effort should be the development of existing Russian semiconductor factories and the construction of new foundations, the production of photographic patterns, clean materials and silicon wafers, the development of software capable of producing results on processors with existing Russian technologies for real customer tasks. Without this, the expert believes, the time and means for the development of their own microelectronics may again be missed.^[25]

They want to allocate almost a trillion rubles for the development of Russian radio electronics

The Ministry of Industry (Ministry of Industry and Trade) as anti-crisis measures proposed to allocate 900 billion rubles. Russian radio electronics. The industry may receive such an amount in 2022-2024. This became known on March 17, 2022.

Most of the funds are 420 billion rubles. in the form of subsidies, it is proposed to provide the Advanced Research Fund. The Fund will have to use this money to develop basic technologies for the production of radio electronics, electronic component base (ECB), materials, chemistry, as well as means for the production of radio electronics.

That is, the funds will be used to produce means and technologies for creating radio electronics that are either absent in Russia or underdeveloped. In 2022, the Advanced Research Fund may receive 130 billion rubles. and in 2023 and 2024. - 150 billion rubles each.

The Industrial Development Fund, at the suggestion of the ministry, may receive 160 billion rubles for additional capitalization. He will have to direct these funds to support programs for the electronic industry. In 2022, the fund is supposed to send 100 billion rubles. and in 2022-2024. 30 billion rubles each.

A little less (about 130 billion rubles) may be received by Rostec in the form of a property contribution. The state corporation will have to spend this money on the production of the next generations of ECB. Moreover, for this purpose, Rostec will be able to attract third-party developers and manufacturers.

In the next three years, it is also planned to allocate 120 billion rubles. to subsidize part of the costs of modernization and development of production facilities for electronic products. Another 30 billion rubles. The Ministry of Industry and Trade proposes to direct part of the costs of paying highly qualified specialists to subsidize. They want to allocate the same amount to launch a program for subsidizing working capital, including those intended to replenish warehouse stocks of raw materials, materials and components by enterprises of the radio-electronic industry.

In addition to financial support measures, the Ministry of Industry and Trade proposes to form and approve a list of the only suppliers of high-tech Russian products for public procurement. In particular, a separate procedure may be introduced for determining the initial (maximum) price of a contract concluded with a single supplier, taking into account information on the cost of Russian products.

The ministry also proposes to provide various tax privileges for organizations related to the electronic industry. Among them is a tax deduction in the amount of funds aimed at the development of electronic products, modernization or creation of new production facilities^[26]

In Mari El, create a cluster of radio electronics for 32.6 billion rubles

On January 24, 2022, the Ministry of Industry, Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Mari El announced a large-scale project for the development of radio electronics at the regional and federal levels. It is planned to invest 32.6 billion rubles in it, including 13.8 billion rubles from extrabudgetary sources. Read more here.

2021

The Ministry of Industry and Trade creates a program for the development of electronic engineering in Russia until 2030

On November 18, 2021, it became known about the contract concluded by the Ministry of Industry and Trade to develop a program for the development of electronic engineering in Russia. The agency will pay 99 million rubles for research work in order to meet the needs of the Russian electronics industry in the development and production of equipment for the production of microelectronics. Read more here.

Chernyshenko instructed to create experimental stands on microelectronics

At the end of March 2021, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko instructed the Ministry of Digital Development, together with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, to create experimental stands by the end of April to form and develop demand for Russian electronic and microelectronic products.

As RIA Novosti was told in the Chernyshenko apparatus, experimental stands will improve the development of demand for Russian electronic and microelectronic products. We are talking about pilot sites based on the infrastructure of the largest Russian electronics consumers using hardware and software solutions from key manufacturers of Russian electronic products and microprocessors.

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According to the Deputy Prime Minister, the purpose of creating such "polygons" is to test the existing developments in conditions almost close to the real requirements of the market. Also, potential customers will be able to compare the characteristics of domestic solutions with leading global brands and give Russian manufacturers objective feedback from the end consumer in the necessary areas of development of their products.

In addition, the stands will allow consumers, anchor customers to more accurately determine the niches and directions of their own information infrastructure in which the use of domestic electronics developments is most effective.

According to the press service Rostec of "," the products of the state corporation will be presented at experimental stands on microelectronics. Roselectronics By 2021, Rostec Holding accounts for more than 50% of the production of electronic components Russia and 8% of the production of products in the electronic industry as a whole.

In addition to Rostec, other manufacturers of Russian electronic products and microprocessors, Russian state and commercial consumers of electronics and federal authorities will be involved in the implementation of the measures. Their names will become known later.^[27]

Ministry of Digital Development creates a department for the development of the microelectronics market

In early March 2021, it became known about the creation in Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation of a new department that will deal with the development of the microelectronic industry. Read more here.

The Government of the Russian Federation approved the roadmap for the development of demand for Russian microelectronics

The Presidium of the Government Commission on Digital Development, chaired by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, approved a roadmap for the formation and development of demand for Russian electronic and microelectronic products. This was announced on March 3, 2021 to TAdviser by the press service of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation.

Within the framework of the roadmap, priority directions for the development of the domestic electronics and microelectronics market will be formed. In particular, cross-cutting projects are determined and anchor customers are selected - the largest consumers of the electronic industry, with whom the Government will conclude agreements on interaction and support of demand for domestic electronics, said Dmitry Chernyshenko.

Key Russian state and commercial consumers of electronics and microprocessors, development institutions, and federal authorities will be involved in the implementation of the roadmap.

The formation of demand in the form of a long-term order for civilian products of the radio-electronic industry is a prerequisite for its development, explained Deputy Prime Minister Yuri Borisov, who is responsible for the development and production of electronic products in Russia.

It is planned to create competence centers by customer companies that will develop functional requirements for electronics and software. In addition, it provides for the provision of subsidies to developers of electronics and microprocessors, as well as reimbursement of costs for the implementation and development of a domestic product.

The main goal of the roadmap is to create support measures in Russia for the development of demand for Russian electronic and microelectronic products in order to obtain Russian products in demand by the market in the coming years that are competitive in price and quality.

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko also instructed Minzifre , together Ministry of Industry and Trade Russia with the issue of creating under the Presidium of the Government Commission on Digital Development, the Council of Chief Designers for the Development of Russian Electronics.

The key in this story is the composition of the Council. It will include representatives of large Russian companies, which are essentially future consumers of Russian electronics, as well as the largest manufacturers, developers of the electronic industry, representatives of production consortia and competence centers for end-to-end projects. They are interested in the development of specialized electronics and have the technical capabilities of pilot testing. We will ensure the stages and continuity of the entire chain - from the market request to the sale of finished competitive products, and thereby import substitution and promotion of domestic solutions. Thus, we plan to stop the vicious practice of producing products that are not demanded in the future on the Russian market, noted Dmitry Chernyshenko.

The main tasks of the structure will be the preparation for the Presidium of proposals on key areas and mechanisms for the development of radio electronics and related industries. Members of the Council will evaluate industry projects applying for government support measures. This work will be carried out in coordination with federal and regional authorities.

Members of the Council of Chief Designers will take part in the work on a voluntary basis.

2020

Radio electronics production in Russia increased by 50% to 1.5 trillion rubles

In 2020, according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the production of electronic products in Russia reached 1.5 trillion rubles against 1 trillion rubles a year earlier. At the same time, the volume of the entire Russian market for such products (taking into account foreign decisions) increased from 3.4 trillion to 3.6 trillion rubles.

From the report of the ministry, to which Interfax refers, it also follows that in 2020 Russian electronic products worth $3.4 billion were delivered abroad against $3.9 billion in 2019.

In 2020, the share of Russian radio electronics in the total volume of purchases of radio electronic products amounted to 22.5% (285 billion rubles), in 2019 - 20% (220 billion rubles).

The Ministry of Industry and Trade notes that the public procurement system and, in particular, the mechanism for quotas for the purchase of Russian-made goods are effectively used to promote Russian radio-electronic products.

The quota arrangement system has shown its effectiveness on the example of electronic products, in the future it is planned to replicate this experience to other industries, the ministry said in a report.

In 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation approved a strategy for the development of the electronic industry until 2030. According to this document, the revenue of the Russian electronic industry should triple by 2030 - to 5.2 trillion rubles from 1.8 trillion rubles in 2018. At the same time, the share of revenue from the sale of Russian electronic products in GDP should grow from 1.8% in 2018 to 3.5% in 2030.

The strategy notes that by the deadline, more than half (57.4%) of the domestic civilian electronics market should be provided by Russian manufacturers. In 2018, this figure was 31%. The volume of exports of electronic products by 2030 should reach $12 billion against $4.16 billion in 2018.^[28]

Rostec has developed a roadmap for the development of domestic microelectronics

On September 7, 2020, it became known about the roadmap developed by Rostec for the development of domestic microelectronics. The state corporation proposes to invest 798 billion rubles in this market until 2024.

This plan, entitled "New Generations of Microelectronics and the Creation of an Electronic Component Base," was submitted to,, and Ministry of Industry and Trade Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media, Ministry of Finance Ministry of Economic Development write "" with Sheets reference to the cover letter to the document.

Rostec's plan, among other things, includes the development of chips with topological norms of 65 (55) nm, 28 nm, 14 nm and solid-state data drives with a topological norm of 25-30 nm. Both are already used by foreign manufacturers by September 7, 2020, the newspaper notes. It follows from the project that the purchase of equipment from foreign companies is not expected.

The expected contribution states is 615 billion rubles, and extrabudgetary funds will amount to 102.6 billion rubles. Of these, Rostec itself accounts for 30 billion rubles. According to the plan, by 2024 the volume of exports of Russian microelectronics of the new generation will reach 20.4 billion rubles, and by 2030 - 48.8 billion rubles. The domestic market by 2024 may amount to 466 billion rubles.

The announced plans and technologies today with a stretch can be called advanced, and by 2024 they will be obsolete, a person close to one of the semiconductor manufacturing companies told Vedomosti. According to him, it is obvious that in modern conditions it is impossible to master such technologies without international cooperation.

In the roadmap, the bet is placed on the domestic microelectronics market. But in microelectronics, the bet on the domestic market leads to a dead end, says Ivan Pokrovsky, executive director of the Association of Developers and Manufacturers of Electronics.^[29]

Capital enterprises increased exports of electronic integrated circuits to Taiwan by more than 30%

The capital's enterprises increased the export of electronic integrated circuits by more than 30% Taiwan - in the first four months of 2020 they were delivered in the amount of 0.75 million $ UNITED STATES.. This is almost half of the export Moscow of all industrialists' goods to the island. This was announced on July 8, 2020 by DIiPP. Moscow

Such figures were announced during an online meeting with Taiwanese business by the deputy head of the Department of Investment and Industrial Policy of Moscow Emil Petrosyan.

The online meeting was also attended by the director of the City Agency for Investment Management Leonid Kostroma, the general director of the SEZ "Technopolice Moscow" Gennady Degtev, the director of the Agency for Industrial Development of the city of Moscow Irina Degtyareva and the head of the Representative Office of the Taipei-Moscow Coordination Commission in Moscow Boris Ken.

The main topic was the investment attractiveness of the city for foreign entrepreneurs.

{{quote "The volume of foreign trade turnover of the two countries in January - April 2020 amounted to about 326.3 million dollars: exports - 48.1 million dollars, imports - 278.2 million dollars. As for Moscow, most of the capital's non-primary non-energy exports to Taiwan are occupied by electronic integrated circuits. At the same time, Moscow manufacturers delivered goods worth $2 million to the island, - said Emil Petrosyan, noting that mechanical equipment, equipment and computers are mainly transported from Taiwan to Moscow. }}

He also recalled that the share of companies registered in the capital accounts for about half of foreign direct investment entering Russia. At the same time, the city does not make a difference between Russian and foreign businesses: foreign investors can count on various preferences on a par with domestic ones.

According to Leonid Kostroma, to support investment projects, the Moscow Government provides benefits for income tax, property tax, land tax and land rent. This reduces the tax burden to 25%.

Шаблон:Quote '118 Moscow companies receive various benefits. The volume of investments of these enterprises over the past five years amounted to 95.6 billion rubles, - said the director of GAUI.

As Irina Degtyareva noted, a foreign investor who is not familiar with Russian specifics, the city provides comprehensive support for the localization of an industrial investment project in a "one-stop shop" mode.

Moscow offers for the placement of foreign industrial enterprises both ready-made premises and land plots with industrial purpose. APR specialists begin work with industrial projects at the stage of forming an application for localization and accompany them until the opening of production. At each stage of the implementation of the industrial project, APR specialists answer possible urban planning, land and property issues, and also provide comprehensive explanations on all aspects of connecting the site to the engineering infrastructure. We have the necessary knowledge and experience of working with industrial projects, "she explained.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia proposes to exempt Russian manufacturers of radio electronics from VAT

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia proposes to exempt Russian manufacturers of radio electronics from VAT, reports in the summer of 2020 CNews.ru.

On June 4, 2020, the department sent a letter to the Government of the Russian Federation and the College of the Military-Industrial Commission of Russia on behalf of the deputy head of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The document, in particular, states that the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia supports the initiative to establish a VAT tax rate of 0 percent when selling electronic products included in the unified register.

For the first time, Alexey Dmitrienko, a representative of the Federation Council, came up with the initiative to abolish VAT for domestic enterprises for the production of radio electronics. The corresponding bill was sent to the State Duma in early March 2020. Then the idea was supported by the Ministry of Economic Development and the College of the Military-Industrial Commission.

However, so far the idea has not found support in the Ministry of Finance and the Government of the Russian Federation. In particular, in a response to the bill of the Cabinet of Ministers, it was indicated that the establishment of a VAT tax rate of 0% in relation to operations for the sale of radioelectronic products included in the register would essentially be subsidies to organizations implementing the sale of relevant radioelectronic products from the federal budget for the amount of value added tax.

Accordingly, it is advisable to carry out state support within the framework of the implementation of relevant state programs, which would ensure effective control over the use of federal funds.

A consortium of computer manufacturers has been created in Russia

On April 9, 2020, Yadro informed TAdviser that leading Russian companies, developers and manufacturers of computer technology announced the creation of the ANO Consortium Computing Technology (ANO VT) with the support of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. The activities of ANO "VT" will be aimed at the development of the industry, the formation of conditions for the formation of national champions - companies that have already been able to prove in real market conditions the ability to independently create competitive products and represent the country at the global level. Read more here.

Russian contract electronics production may decline due to coronavirus and currency growth

The growth of the dollar and the coronavirus pandemic may have a negative impact on the development of contract electronics production in Russia. According to experts from the Promsvyaz production association, the rise in the cost of components against the backdrop of a weakening ruble and their possible shortage amid the spread of coronavirus create the risk of suspending the fulfillment of many large orders during the first half of 2020.

According to Fyodor Selyutin, technical director of Promsvyaz, such crisis phenomena in the Russian and global economies, including the shutdown of a number of production facilities in China and European countries, should stimulate the development of domestic contract electronics production and ensure a sharp increase in the number of orders. But only if the domestic industry were not inferior to the Chinese one in terms of development. China is able to produce absolutely everything necessary to ensure its own industry. In Russia, over the past 30 years, the production of many components has not been established - they are purchased abroad, in the same China. Therefore, instead of development, the Russian contract production of electronics may, on the contrary, decline.

"The industry has faced a whole set of risks. The first is generated by the growth of foreign exchange rates. The contract manufacturer receives the order and agrees on the price, then begins to purchase the necessary components. Many orders were received at the beginning of the year, but now the cost of components will increase - and it is far from a fact that customers will agree on a higher contract price. A stalemate may arise: it is impossible to agree on a new price, and not every manufacturer can afford to reduce margins or go into negative territory due to increased prices for components. Bottom line - the order is worth it. In such a situation, domestic contract production may be by the end of the second quarter of this year, "says Fyodor Selyutin, technical director of Promsvyaz.

According to him, it is important that components can be purchased in principle. Therefore, contract manufacturers hope that the braking of foreign industry and the closure of the borders of the Russian Federation and other countries in connection with the coronavirus will not lead to a shortage of components or a complete halt in trade.

"Now we, like many other manufacturers, are faced with the need to make a decision - to buy the components we need now to secure orders for the third quarter or wait. We wait, because in our opinion, there is no reason to fear a shortage of components or the impossibility of purchasing them due to the termination of trade with other countries. Border closures are happening, but they are about moving people, not goods. The economy has long become global, and the complete isolation of any country from the world will immediately put an end to its development and even existence. In addition, no major global enterprise will go to reduce its market share. Even Rosneft refused to cut oil production, which, however, was largely provoked by a jump in currency cues, "added Fedor Selyutin.

In the long term, Promsvyaz software expects an increase in the volume of orders: coronavirus may well encourage companies ordering contract-made products in China to gradually reorient themselves to the domestic market in order to insure against such sudden risks.

2019

Top 50 Russian manufacturers of radio electronics presented

On October 7, 2020, the information and analytical center of the Rostec state corporation TsNII Electronika published the results of the annual rating of organizations in the radio-electronic industry of the Russian Federation.

The first place in terms of revenue in the segment of radio electronics was taken by the first participating in the rating NPP "Istok" named after A. I. Shokin (12.3 billion rubles), which is part of the holding "Roselectronics." In the second position is Micron (11.7 billion rubles), in the third - the Research Institute of Communication and Control Systems (8.5 billion rubles).

NPP "Istok" named after A. I. Shokin "also became the leader of the top 50 organizations in terms of revenue from production activities (including contract production), the top 30 research and production organizations and the top 25 organizations in terms of revenue from the production of ECB and electronic modules.

The Research Institute of Computer Technology has become the leader in the top 30 in terms of spending on research and development/R & D carried out within the framework of the state order, including civil and dual-use products, with a maximum share of this indicator in total revenue of 85%.

The first and third places in the top 25 in terms of revenue from products and services supplied for export were taken by the enterprises of the Roselectronics holding - Radiozavod JSC (the share of revenue from this area of ​ ​ activity in total revenue is 39%) and RZMKP JSC (the share of revenue from exports in total reaches 89%). NPP Rubin, part of the Vega Concern of the Roselectronics holding, which took 13th position in a similar table last year, rose to fourth place in 2020. At the same time, the share of this indicator in total revenue is 17%.

At the end of 2019, the rating included 69 enterprises of the radio-electronic industry in Russia, whose total revenue amounted to 149.7 billion rubles, and the total number of employees - 62.5 thousand.^[30]

26% increase in contract electronics production

On April 14, 2020 TAdviser , it became known that Russian the contract production market for electronic equipment grew by 26% in 2019 and amounted to about 20 billion (rubles about 300 million). dollars USA

The main contribution to the increase in sales of contract electronics production services was made by large import substitution projects in the computer equipment market. A significant contribution is also made by the expansion of the range of services of contract production, primarily due to the configuration of production - the transition from subcontracting (provided by customers) picking to supplying production through its own procurement channels. The volume of physical production, without procurement services, increased by about 15% in 2019, and if large import substitution projects are excluded from this statistics, then the growth in the physical volume of contract production of traditional customers amounted to about 4%.

In total, more than 50 Russian companies provide contract electronics production services. Of these, the top 5 manufacturers provide more than 50% of the total volume of orders in value terms.

A preliminary list of five Russian contract electronics manufacturers is presented below, sorted by market share.

• Microlite (HA Resonance)
• CTC (GS Group)
• A-contract
• PC Altonica
• StarLine

The largest contribution to the increase in the volume of the contract production market was made by CTS (GS Group) and StarLine. These companies doubled their contract production in 2019 compared to 2018.

According to preliminary estimates, the volume of contract production in the first quarter of 2020 increased by about 10%. However, epidemiological restrictions lead to significant interruptions in supply, which negatively affects production volumes^[31].

Minp­rom­torg pred­lo­zhil ob­nu­lit VAT stav­ku for elekt­ron­noy pro­mysh­lennos­ti

Department believes that such measure will promote production in the Russian economy. So, the total revenue of the organizations of electronic industry has to grow by 2.8 times from 1.87 trillion rub in 2017 to 5.4 trillion rub by 2030. And the share of civilian products has to increase^[32] of the electronic engineer.

Director of the Department of Electronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation Vasily Shpak proposed to cancel the current 20% VAT rate in the electronic industry. "We are ready for an approach to abolish VAT in the electronics industry. I'm not sure that we can do it quickly, in a matter of days and hours, but we are seriously discussing it, "Vasily Shpak said in October 2019. - We have support in this regard both in industry and in our colleagues. It is clear that this issue is not simple, and it requires a separate study and calculations. I don't want to make revolutionary statements, but I want to say that we are working on it.' He is convinced that this measure will not reduce the level of fees and budget revenues, but, on the contrary, will raise production in the Russian economy.

In addition, Vasily Shpak proposed to reduce the rate of deductions to wage funds for electronics developers by analogy with the one that is valid for software developers (instead of a 30% rate in insurance funds for IT companies, the rate is 14%). "We want to introduce a similar measure for electronics developers. We believe that this will significantly ease the burden on enterprises, "he said.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade expects to apply non-financial and financial measures to protect the domestic market and the development of the industry. The basis is the creation of a single register of Russian radioelectronic products to promote the electronic industry of domestic production at the state level (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 878 of 10.07.2019).

There are two rules for manufacturers and buyers of domestic products. Within the framework of the 223-FZ, this is a 30% preference for a domestic manufacturer whose products are in the register of domestic radioelectronic products. Within the framework of the 44-FZ, the "third extra" rule applies: when two Russian products enter the market, the third, foreign, is not considered.

According to the strategy for the development of the electronic industry in Russia until 2030, the revenue of electronic industry organizations should grow 2.8 times from 1.87 trillion rubles. in 2017 to 5.4 trillion rubles. by 2030. Moreover, the share of civilian products should increase from 50.3% to 87.9%. The volume of exports of domestic electronic products should grow threefold from $4.16 billion in 2017 to $12 billion by 2030, follows from the strategy.

Draft strategy to 2030: Russia uses Asia's experience, cunning and fist to break through electronics

In August 2019, the director of the department of the electronic industry Ministry of Industry and Trade Vasily Shpak presented a draft strategy for the development of the electronic industry of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and in the format of public hearings discussed with industry experts the approaches and support measures that are planned to be resorted to.

The project of strategy was developed by Central Research Institute Elektronika by request of Minpromtorg. The developers of the document note that the new strategy, although it provides for some innovative ideas and approaches, is the ideological successor to the previous version.

Among the innovations is a number of tools to support domestic developers of electronic products. According to Vasily Shpak, the first tool is an addition to government decree No. 109, which is already working in terms of subsidizing R & D. It plans to introduce a subprogram on microelectronics, as well as initiate a change in the ratio of state and own funds aimed at the implementation of projects: now it is 50% by 50%, and it is planned to change it to 70% by 30%, increasing the share of public investment.

The second measure is to subsidize the difference in the cost of domestic microelectronics. Such a measure has already worked in relation to Mir payment cards, and the Ministry of Industry and Trade plans to expand it for other microelectronics products.

In order to make money on the market even with a small batch, you need to offer a normal price. At the moment, our manufacturers, due to the fact that they do not have series, cannot give such a price. We will subsidize them the difference in price in order to increase seriality, so that they can then fit into market mechanisms, - Vasily Shpak[33] explained[34] to[35]

The third tool is to support design centers in terms of subsidizing their costs for creating new jobs, purchasing equipment and operating costs. More details of the new rules will be presented by the end of 2019. As of August, the Department of the Radio-Electronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade is working on these issues with industry experts and federal authorities, which will coordinate these measures.

Shpak noted that it is necessary not only to engage in the development of one direction or another, but also to take care of building the entire chain - from the production to the sale of microelectronic equipment.

According to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, by 2030 the share of the domestic component base in microelectronics in Russia should grow from the existing 20 to 80%.

Yes, this is an ambitious task, but we have no other way. The level of investment in research activities in microelectronics for a number of large companies reaches 20% of revenue, astronomical amounts: tens of billions of dollars. We do not have such an opportunity, so we need to be smarter, more cunning. To break through, we need a fist, unification. You can't lose this race. Electronics today is one of the most important areas of industry, - said Vasily Shpak.

The representative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade also noted that all the leading countries of the world are consistently pursuing a policy in this area.

In the USA, Europe, China, the development of electronics is paid great attention. They use standard tools that we will rely on in the implementation of our strategy: the provision of preferences and benefits in the creation of devices and systems, the provision of direct and budgetary funding in terms of R&D in those areas that are critical. Of course, this is a state policy aimed at purchasing domestic solutions within the framework of state and municipal procurement, "said Vasily Shpak.

The general director of the Central Research Institute "Electronics" Alena Fomina during the presentation noted that for the development of the industry it is necessary to combine the competencies and resources of private and public business^[36] for the Development of the ^[37]. For a long time in Russia, the only investor in the industry was the state, now it is necessary to attract private capital.

Fomina said that while working on the strategy, experts carefully analyzed foreign experience and did a lot of work to assess the most effective model for Russia. The experience of China and South Korea was analyzed, among other things. The Chinese authorities guaranteed profits to manufacturers, as a result, the business invested in risky projects, realizing that the state would allow them to make money on them. South Korea followed a different path, it provided manufacturers with guaranteed demand.

According to Fomina, for the Russian strategy, the model of creating guaranteed demand was taken as a basis, when the investor knows that sales will be provided, and he retains selectivity and interest in business success.

The role states in shaping demand for the presentation of the draft strategy was also emphasized by the general director. As "Micron" Gulnara Khasyanova an example, she cited the practice of bank cards. "Mir" Two years ago, Micron released chips for bank cards, but could not bring them to the global market because it produces only a few million units a year, and foreign competitors - billions. Therefore, Micron was unable to provide potential customers with a competitive value for their own product. Only the demand from the state made it possible to sell products on the domestic market quite quickly.

The promotion of electronic products to foreign markets is part of the development of the domestic industry. Ilya Ivantsov, President of Element GK, emphasized the role of joining forces and creating industry consortia to ensure serial, product quality and creating a national standard that would become a tool for the industry to protect the product line and promote it to other markets.

The draft strategy for the development of the electronic industry of the Russian Federation was sent for approval by the Ministry of Economic Development and the Ministry of Finance and will be submitted for approval and approval to the government by September 1, 2019.

Development of a draft strategy for the development of the electronic industry

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia has developed a draft strategy for the development of the electronic industry of Russia until 2030. In accordance with the scenario, production volumes in the industry should grow by more than 2.5 times, and it is seriously planned to increase export indicators. The Ministry of Industry and Trade expects that during the same period the civilian electronics sector will grow approximately fivefold from 940 billion to 4.6 trillion rubles. Market players are confident that the growth potential of the domestic radio-electronic industry is even greater. Experts believe that such projects are another element of the potentially ineffective practice of spending budget funds.

The Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation Denis Manturov spoke about the draft strategy in August 2019 . Priority areas for the industry will be personnel, scientific and technical development, means of production, management, cooperation, industry standards, industry information environment, capitalization, markets and products, financial support and investment attractiveness.

According to Denis Manturov, the development of the electronic industry in the period until 2030 will contribute to the implementation of almost all national projects, ensuring the security and development of the country.

One of the main tasks is to form institutions that stimulate the development of cooperation and the achievement of strategic goals. These are technology competence centers, "industry champions," a network of design centers, collective design centers, production consortia and strategic alliances. The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia will motivate them to be included in the created cooperation chains.

The strategy provides for several stages, each of which focuses on the development of promising markets for civilian products. Attention will be paid to creating a technological backbone for the production of products and their introduction into the markets. At the first stage, this and next year, the focus will be on traditional markets such as telecommunications and navigation equipment, computing equipment, including data storage systems, auto electronics, automation systems. At the second stage - from 2021 to 2024, it is planned to cover new markets, among them - intellectual power, telemedicine, unmanned aircraft, the Internet of Things and 5G communications. From 2025, it will be necessary to focus on breakthrough areas related to robotics, artificial intelligence, all types of unmanned vehicles, neurotechnology and quantum computing.

The Minister noted that the state for the foreseeable period will retain the role of the main incentive for innovation in the industry, developing the industrial ecosystem, forming an order and developing the demand for products and technologies in promising technological niches. "The state will ensure the protection of the domestic market, as well as the development of the industry through existing tools - direct government orders, subsidies, tax benefits - and direct financial support, including through programs of development institutions, venture financing, grants," Denis Manturov emphasized.

The electronics industry will receive a strategy

In June 2019, it became known that Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed the Russian government to approve by the end of the year an intersectoral strategy for the development of the electronic industry, as well as an action plan for its implementation. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev has been appointed responsible for the implementation of the order. Experts are confident that the share of Russian electronics in the world market can be increased by 2035 to 3%, in the domestic market - up to 35%^[38].

According to the results of the audit of the implementation of legislation and decisions of the president aimed at the development of the electronic industry and the electronic component base, Vladimir Putin approved the list of instructions to the government of the Russian Federation. The President instructed Dmitry Medvedev to approve an intersectoral strategy for the development of the electronic industry in order to implement national projects by December 31, 2019. The action plan for the development of the strategy provides for the development of current and forecast parameters of the domestic market for radio and microelectronic products. We are talking about the import and export of goods, as well as the use of products by our own customers and manufacturers in this area. The strategy provides for the preferential use of hardware and software systems based on domestic microelectronics and system software when establishing requirements (standards) for digital platforms and end-to-end technologies.

The Government of the Russian Federation has been instructed to approve a list of key components of microelectronics and indicators of increasing the volume of civilian production based on them in order to focus state support measures on these purposes.

In addition, it is necessary to determine priority areas of cooperation with foreign manufacturers in the interests of creating and phased localization of the manufacture of microelectronics components, equipment and materials, as well as basic technologies open to market participants. In addition, it is necessary to develop measures to form conditions that stimulate the development of microelectronics design centers, the production and sale of electronic products.

The action plan also provides for the development of a training system focused on solving promising problems of the electronic industry.

Central Research Institute "Electronics": Digital transformation of radio electronics

In the spring of 2019, the analytical center of the radio-electronic cluster of Rostec State Corporation presented the results of a new study "Digital Transformation of Radio Electronics," according to which industry organizations are actively introducing and using a number of technologies of Industry 4.0. The full text of the study is available at^[39].

The most interesting for organizations of the Russian radio-electronic industry are 3D printing technologies - 48% of respondents note its applicability in radio electronics: when creating layouts, prototypes and prototypes (for example, in the field of microelectronics), the production of parts (for example, antenna elements), the manufacture of tooling for CNC machines. About 18% of respondents already use 3D printing technologies, 20% plan to introduce them in the short term, including in the manufacture of microwave electronics and the production of hard magnetic materials.

Electronic industry organizations are already using (at least at the level of pilot projects) big data technologies, the Internet of Things, printed electronics (7% each), supercomputer, quantum and parallel computing (6%).

Russian radio electronics have not yet introduced virtual and augmented reality technologies, a distributed registry and blockchain, but in the short term, 7 and 3% of respondents plan to implement projects using them, respectively. Organizations of the radio-electronic industry do not use autonomous robots either, while the development of this area, according to respondents, is economically unprofitable due to their high cost.

If we talk about expectations, then 69% of organizations in the Russian radio-electronic industry see in digital transformation the possibility of mastering the production of new products, 60% - the possibility of increasing efficiency by reducing costs, changing business models and other factors, 57% - the possibility of entering new markets.

More than a hundred industry organizations took part in the study.

2018

Rating of the radio-electronic industry of Russia

TsNII "Electronics" together with the magazine "Electronics: Science, Technology, Business" and the audit and consulting company "BDO Unicon" released "Rating of the radio-electronic industry of Russia."

In the course of compiling the rating, industry representatives voluntarily and free of charge submitted data on their total revenue and revenue from radio electronics. Participants could also indicate the share of revenue from design, scientific and production activities, as well as from the production of certain categories of products.

Top 50 organizations based on revenue from radio electronics

The top 50 includes not only manufacturers of electronic products, but also organizations that are engaged in research and development work (R&D).

The authors of the project note that the top 50 includes, among other things, small organizations where the number of employees is limited to several dozen.

According to a study by the Central Research Institute "Electronics" "Portrait of Russian Radio Electronics," in the industry as a whole, 60.51% of enterprises belong to large businesses - the number of their employees exceeds 250 people, and the income is more than 2 billion rubles. However, representatives of medium-sized businesses with employees of up to 250 people and income of up to 2 billion rubles are also represented in the top 50. Also in the top are representatives of small businesses with up to 100 employees and an income of up to 800 million rubles.

At the same time as the top 50, other ratings were compiled - in particular, the top 10 production organizations. In the top 10 production organizations there are practically no organizations that are located in Moscow or St. Petersburg. Nevertheless, it is these cities that are the leaders in the number of production organizations in the radio-electronic industry, as evidenced by the study "Portrait of Russian Radio Electronics."

During the study, the top 30 manufacturers of computers, electronic and optical products were also compiled. The first place in the top was taken by Izhevsk Electromechanical Plant Kupol JSC with revenue from the production of these products in the amount of 8.28 billion rubles. In second place is Micron Group of Companies, whose revenue in this segment is 8.27 billion rubles.

The compilers of the rating note that this type of activity is usually the main one for organizations of the domestic radio-electronic industry^[40].

J'son & Partners Consulting: Analysis of import substitution potential in microelectronics: Power transistors

The rapid growth of the digital economy in the world is based on the success of the development of a wide range of microelectronics products. Meanwhile, in Russia, a significant part of the needs for electronic components is covered by their import. J'son & Partners Consulting (Jason & Partners Consulting) opens a new series of reports on this topic and presents brief results of the analysis of the import substitution potential in the field of power transistors with a capacity of at least 1^[41].

The exchange of electronic components in the global economy is standard practice, all large developed and developing countries import them for the needs of their industry. As a study by J'son & Partners Consulting showed, Russia annually imports power transistors worth more than 3 billion rubles. or about $50 million. UNITED STATES. The main manufacturers of products are China, the USA and Japan, which account for more than 50% of the total import volume.

However, given the country affiliation of brands at the headquarters location, American companies are the main suppliers of power transistors to Russia. Among the TOP-20 largest international brands of power transistors supplied to our country, the share of American brands is especially large, in 2015-2017. it grew from 41 to 47%.

According to J'son & Partners Consulting, in the context of rising international tensions, the growing threats of trade wars and the introduction of unilateral sanctions regarding the import of electronic components into our country, it is impossible not to take into account the risks associated with the country belonging to the parent companies-suppliers of power transistors into our country. It also requires increasing efforts to implement import substitution policies, primarily on critical components.

Growth of electronic equipment production in the world and Russia

According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, over the past 15 years, Russia has actively increased the production of electronic and optical equipment. In 2000-2015, the volume of production of these products increased 6 times - from 2.9 to 17.3 billion dollars. The United States, in terms of growth, the country was second only to China.

However, according to J'son & Partners Consulting, efforts to increase the production of electronic products are clearly insufficient. It is easy to see that the total production of electronic products is significantly inferior not only to industrialized countries, but also to developing countries, including India, Thailand and Malaysia. As a result, among the industrialized and developing countries considered in 2000-2015. the growth rate of Russian imports of electronic components is the largest, reaching more than 20% per year.

Russian import of power transistors

The exchange of electronic components in the global economy is standard practice, all large developed and developing countries import them for the needs of their industry. As a study conducted by J'son & Partners Consulting showed, Russia annually imports power transistors worth more than 3 billion rubles. or about $50 million. UNITED STATES. The main manufacturers of products are China, the USA and Japan, which account for more than 50% of the total import volume.

The processes of globalization in the global economy have led the largest manufacturers (brands) to launch their products in many countries of the world, including Asian countries such as Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam. According to J'son & Partners Consulting, in the context of growing international tension in world trade, as well as the increased use of sanctions mechanisms of economic pressure on the Russian Federation, it is impossible not to take into account the risks associated with the country affiliation of the parent companies-suppliers of power transistors to our country.

An analysis of the TOP-20 of supplier companies showed that the main brands of power transistors supplied in the Russian Federation are companies headquartered in the USA, Japan, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany and the UK. Moreover, the bulk of supplies falls on American companies. In 2015-2017. their share in the list of TOP-20 increased from 41% to 47%.

The growing threats of trade wars in the global world and the introduction of unilateral sanctions regarding the import of electronic components into our country are increasingly demanding a policy of import substitution, primarily for critical components.

2017

The Internet of Things will provide annual demand for microchips worth $109 billion by 2020

From 2020, artificial intelligence will become the main growth driver for the global microprocessor technology market. This was stated in December 2017 by the General Director of PJSC "Micron" Gulnara Khasyanova at the opening of a new line for the production of chip modules for bank cards, identification documents and other electronic personal data carriers (Micron Integrated Microcircuits MIK).

According to her, the market structure is also changing at the same time - if PCs and smartphones initially created a massive demand for the same type of chips, then the development of areas such as IoT and artificial intelligence significantly expands the range of demand for microprocessor products, including a variety of analog circuits and sensors. At the same time, speaking about the industries that will lead in terms of growth in chip sales by 2020, the General Director of PJSC Micron named industry 4.0, data centers, autopilot systems, as well as 5G for the Internet of Things, SDN and heterogeneous networks.

Thus, microelectronics continues to be a key driver of technological leadership worldwide. As for Russia, here the key tasks today are to stimulate import independence throughout the supply chain, create domestic suppliers of materials and components, and ensure the development of the microelectronics market at the legislative level.

The speaker named the main directions of changes in the legislation as the criterion base, which implies the priority of Russian software, as well as domestic-made microcircuits and equipment, including exclusively the use of such solutions in projects financed from the state budget. In addition, Gulnara Khasyanova proposed to consider the possibility of increasing the term of the state contract, subject to the use of Russian software, equipment and microelectronics.

According to her, the creation of domestic demand for microelectronics, reasonable protection of the market from imports, as well as the participation of Russian manufacturers in the creation of global value chains is today the tasks of a national scale. At the same time, it is necessary to create a secure domestic market first, after which you should go international, having the potential for successful global ^[42].

ARPE data

According to ARPE estimates, there are over 3,000 companies in Russia that are developers and manufacturers of electronic equipment. Approximately 500 of these are government-controlled and about 2,500 are private companies. In addition, several dozen companies are divisions of global corporations. At the same time, there are over a hundred Russian manufacturers of electronic components.

ARPE analysts believe that in our country the annual sales of electronic equipment is about $10 billion (approximately two-thirds of this amount falls on closed special applications markets). At the same time, the Russian electronics industry is only about 0.4% of the world, and the scale of activity of the leaders of the Russian electronics industry is three orders of magnitude less than the world leaders.

2016: Frost & Sullivan Data

Over the past six years, the Russian microelectronics market has grown by an average of 3.3% per year, increasing from $1.9 billion in 2010 to $2.3 billion in 2016. Russia's share in the structure of the world market remains insignificant and amounts to only 0.7%. The trend of the last two years has been a reduction in market volume, which occurred against the background of a general decline in the country's economy. Thus, compared to 2014 in 2015, the market volume decreased from $2.8 to $2.4 billion, or by 14.3%. At the end of last year, the decline was 3.3%.

"The Russian microelectronic industry is highly dependent on the implementation of government programs, primarily in the aerospace and defense industries. - notes Volostnov Alexey Vladimirovich, Director of Business Development Frost & Sullivan in Russia. - To date, almost half of all microelectronic components (chips, chips, semiconductor components) produced in the country are consumed by enterprises of the aviation and defense industries (45%). In second place are companies working in the field of power, medicine and instrument making (a total of 32%); on the third - small and medium-sized enterprises specializing in the production of consumer electronics (11%). Thus, the main customer of microelectronics in Russia is the state, while in most developed countries the demand for factory products is formed in the private sector. For comparison, the telecom segment accounts for an average of 31.5% of all orders, the production of personal computers - 29.5%, the automotive industry - 11.6%. Government orders account for about 13.9% of the world's microelectronics consumption structure. "

"According to our forecasts, in the next few years, the structure of demand in the Russian microelectronics market will not undergo significant changes. In the defense and aerospace industries, demand growth will be provided by the development of new types of weapons (and an increase in military spending in general), the construction of airliners and spacecraft (satellites). says A. Volostnov. - In the automotive industry - due to the implementation of programs to localize the production of components and spare parts, the development and implementation of the system. " ERA-GLONASS You can also expect an increase in demand in the segment of public servants - in particular, for chips for plastic cards for the payment system, "Mir" electronic health insurance policies, etc. "

In the private sector, the development of the domestic microelectronic industry will be stimulated by orders from manufacturers of consumer electronics, energy and medical equipment. "A significant contribution will also be made by the development of the Internet of Things in Russia. If in 2015 the number of connected devices was 16.1 million (0.2% of the global), then in 2018 their number will more than double - to 32.6 million. " - notes A. Volostnov.

See also

• Regulation of public procurement of radioelectronic products
• Russian telecom equipment got a real chance
• Import substitution of software in the public sector
• Import substitution of computer equipment and microelectronics
• State support for Russian manufacturers of electronic components and electronic equipment
• Review: Import substitution of information technology in Russia
• The main problems and obstacles to import substitution of IT in Russia
• Advantages of replacing foreign IT solutions with domestic ones
• Main risks of IT import substitution
• Import substitution of information technologies: 5 "For" and 5 "Against"
• How did IT import substitution affect the business of foreign vendors? A look from Russia
• How the launch of the register of domestic software influenced the business of Russian vendors
• What changes are taking place in the Russian IT market under the influence of import substitution
• Assessment of import substitution prospects in the public sector by market participants

• Microelectronics (Global Market)
• Radio Relay Communications (Global Market)
• Spin orbitronic
• Article:Internet of Things (IoT)
• Article:Internet of Things, IoT, M2M (Global Market)
• Article:Internet of Things, IoT, M2M (Russian market)
• Internet of Things: you can't stay in time
• IIoT - Industrial Internet of Things
• Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0)
• PaaS - Platform As A Service
• RFID
• APCS
• NB-IoT Low-Power and Wide-Area Standard, LPWA

Notes